Return Policy Research Articles

Analysis of Gaming Behaviour based on a Defect-free Return Policy

Analysis of Gaming Behaviour based on a Defect-free Return Policy

Praktek Jual Beli di Toko Anugrah Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah

Everyone will definitely need other people. More so in terms of human needs. one of them is in the field of trade related to materials. One of them is in the Anugrah Shop. The buying and selling practices carried out at Toko Anugrah have been running for a long time. How to do it is by observation, interviews, and documentation used to collect data. The tool used is the interview guide as the main tool. Data processing begins with data collection, data reduction, data organisation, and data validation. Triangulation techniques were used when testing the validity of the data. The results of the study state that this research aims to explore the practice of buying and selling at Toko Anugrah from the perspective of Islamic economics. Islamic economics emphasises the principles of fairness, transparency, and halalness in every transaction. This study explains how Toko Anugrah applies these principles in its daily operations, particularly in pricing, quality of goods, and the contract process. Through the implementation of the murabaha contract, this shop sells goods with a clear profit margin without the element of usury. The return policy is also set fairly, ensuring customer satisfaction and trust. The results show that the buying and selling practices at Toko Anugrah not only increase customer trust but also provide sustainable profits and blessings for the store.

Analisis Ancaman Penipuan yang Terjadi pada Penjual dalam E-comerce Bagi Dunia Bisnis di Tahun 2024

This research aims to investigate the experiences and protection strategies against fraud in digital business, focusing on Anafoya store that sells clothing products. The study reveals various challenges faced by sellers in dealing with fraud in the context of digital business. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study research design through in-depth interviews. The interview results highlight several common forms of fraud, such as non-payment in COD transactions and returns of goods that do not match their condition. To address these challenges, Anafoya store has implemented proactive protection strategies, such as strengthening payment verification procedures and tightening return policies.

Managing consumer bracketing purchases: Optimal return policy analysis

This paper investigates the optimal pricing and return policies of an online retailer selling a product with multiple versions to consumers facing valuation uncertainty. Consumers resolve their uncertainty through bracketing, a practice wherein they purchase multiple versions with the intention of keeping the best fit and returning the rest. By establishing a Stackelberg game between the retailer and consumers, we investigate two return policies: one offering full refunds with purchase limits, and the other offering partial refunds (Q or R) under exogenous and endogenous pricing (N or P), yielding four scenarios: NQ, PQ, NR, PR. Our study provides key insights into optimal return policies for retailers, demonstrating that stringent return policies may not necessarily be more profitable compared to lenient ones when dealing with consumer bracketing. In the case of exogenous pricing, retailers providing convenient returns are better off charging return fees, while those facing cumbersome returns should offer full refunds under certain conditions. When jointly leveraging pricing, retailers have the flexibility to choose between the full-refund and partial-refund policies. We obtain several interesting findings. First, as the mismatch probability increases, retailers tend to charge higher return fees in Scenario PR, while adjusting optimal decisions (i.e., refund under the partial-refund policy and purchase limit under the full-refund policy) non-monotonically in other scenarios. Second, consumers receive nonnegative expected utility in the exogenous pricing scenario, whereas zero in the endogenous pricing scenario. Third, when returns become sufficiently convenient, retailers adopting the partial-refund policy under endogenous pricing shift toward offering full refunds. In addition, when considering heterogeneous consumers, we discover that in some cases, retailers can benefit from consumer bracketing.

Returning to One's Hometown for Employment: A New Option for "Homecoming" Students

With the increasing number of graduates year after year, the difficulties of working and living in first-tier cities are also on the rise. Returning to one's hometown for employment has emerged as an alternative option for graduates. By examining the characteristics of this trend, this paper analyzes the factors influencing graduates' decisions to return home for work, including local sentiment, hometown return policies, and levels of development. Furthermore, it provides insights into choosing a university location based on employment opportunities and pressures, quality of life and cost of living, as well as the sense of regional belonging.

Simultaneous Pickup-and-Delivery Production-Routing Problem in closed-loop supply chain with remanufacturing and disassembly consideration

In a context of Closed-Loop Supply Chain, Production-Routing Problem with Pickup and Delivery is presented. In its basic form, Production-Routing Problem (PRP) attempts to solve jointly Dynamical Lot-Sizing and Inventory-Routing Problems. In this paper, a novel PRP model seeking to minimize the total cost of manufacturing, remanufacturing, disassembly, inventory, and routing by taking into account the remanufacturing and disassembly processes of End-of-Life returned products is provided. Novel hybrid heuristics based on Two-Phase Iterative and Relax-and-Fix heuristics were developed and outperform Branch-and-Cut algorithm for large size instances with a small vehicle capacity. Main insights derived from sensitivity analyses are (i) managers can use the model to trade off the cost saving resulting from the integration of forward and reverse flows, on the one hand, and any additional cost incurred by the organizational changes related to the integration, on the other hand, (ii) a high level of remanufacturing rate for returned products is not necessarily profitable, and managers should develop a return policy that leads to the appropriate level of remanufacturing rate, and (iii) investing in expanding the remanufacturing or the disassembly capacities can significantly reduce the total cost until a threshold level, beyond which any further investment is not beneficial.

Patients’ knowledge, attitude, and practices toward unused medications in Qatar: A cross-sectional survey

BackgroundGlobal evidence has linked unused medications and their inappropriate disposal to adverse health, economic, environmental, and ethical impacts. However, such evidence is scarce in Qatar. This study explored patients’ knowledge and attitude toward unused medications and their practices toward medication supply and disposal (KAP) in Qatar.Materials and methods Study designA cross-sectional survey using a pretested questionnaire was performed between February 2020 and October 2020. Descriptive statistics, Man Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis Rank-Sum tests were applied. The Chi square test assessed the association between socio-demographic characteristics and KAP scores. Characteristics that were found significantly associated with KAP (i.e., p-values <0.05) were further included as predictor variables in the multiple linear regression model. ResultsAll items pertaining to patients' knowledge were found to be good (mean score > 3), except for “awareness of unwanted medication return policy” (mean score < 3), i.e., the lowest level of patient agreement (31 %) (median (M) = 3, Interquartile Range (IQR) = 3). Their attitude was generally good (mean score > 3). Conversely, their practice toward medication supply was poor (mean score < 3). Possible future use was the most reported reason (79 %) for keeping medications at home, and home trash was the most widely disposing place of unused ones (76 %). Knowledge was significantly higher among non-laborers and other occupations than among patients with no work (p < 0.001) and (p = 0.005), respectively. The attitude was significantly lower among patients with healthcare providers (HCPs) in their household than among those without (p = 0.001). Practices were also significantly lower among those aged 40–49 years and those with HCPs in their household than those aged 18–29 years (p = 0.012) and those without HCPs, (p < 0.001), respectively. ConclusionsOverall, patients’ knowledge and attitude toward unused medications seem good, while their practices toward medication supply and disposal are bad. To mitigate the health, economic, and environmental impacts of unused medications, interventions including rationalizing drug supply, use, disposal, prescribing, manufacturing, and promotion are recommended.

Does corporate governance report disclosure increase stock retirement? Evidence from Korea

This study examines the influence of the mandatory disclosure of corporate governance reports on stock retirement in Korea. Given the challenges of applying stock repurchasing to measure shareholder return policy in the Korean stock market, this study focuses on stock retirement as a key indicator to examine the effectiveness of introducing the corporate governance report on shareholder return policy. Employing the Difference-in-Differences approach followed, this paper conducts empirical analyses based on 5,932 observations from 2011 to 2020. The main findings indicate a significant increase in stock retirement by companies implementing mandatory disclosures of corporate governance reports (coef = 0.018, p-value &amp;amp;lt;0.01) compared to companies that do not disclose them. The results of the alternative measures for stock retirement and propensity score matching (PSM) model also present a positive association between mandatory disclosure of corporate governance reports and stock retirement, respectively (coef = 0.400 and 1.421, p-value &amp;amp;lt;0.01; coef = 0.019, p-value &amp;amp;lt; 0.1). This study provides evidence to support the notion that introducing corporate governance reports enhances overall shareholder returns, leading to an increase in stock retirement. Moreover, these findings validate that stock retirement is an adequate proxy for analyzing the level of shareholder returns in Korean firms.

Regulating mobility through detention: Understanding the new geography of control and containment at the Southern European border

The aim of this article is to describe the evolution of immigration detention policies at the Southern European border. This will be done by presenting original data on the actual functioning of immigration detention in Italy in the wake of the so-called “refugee crisis”. By shedding light on these developments, the article reveals a notable convergence of first reception and return policies, which in turn is driving a transformation of the landscape of immigration detention leading to a proliferation of detention regimes and spaces of containment. Drawing on the literature on carceral geographies, this development is analyzed within the framework of Italy's distinct role in the geopolitics of EU border control policies. The article ultimately suggests that the immigration detention system has gradually been co-opted by the border control infrastructure, becoming part of a broader and intricate control assemblage whose essential function is the regulation of human mobility.

Product Customization and Returns: The Moderating Role of National Culture

Product customization enables consumers to tailor products to their individual preferences. One benefit of customization is its lower volume of returns. By customizing, consumers learn about their product preferences and develop a sense of attachment to the products they help “create.” As a result, they are less likely to return the purchased items. The effect of product customization on returns may depend on cultural traits of consumers, such as the extent to which they would avoid uncertainty or the degree to which they would feel “subordinate” to authority. Hence, this article studies how national culture moderates the negative relationship between customization and returns. Our investigation analyzes a unique dataset from a leading global luxury brand manufacturer that offers both standard and customized versions of a product across more than 20 countries. We find that the disparity in return rates between standard (higher rate) and customized products (lower rate) depends on the cultural dimensions originally introduced by Hofstede. This gap widens with masculinity and uncertainty avoidance but narrows with power distance and individualism. Therefore, multinational firms should weigh these aspects of national cultures when designing both customization and return policies.

Analisis Kepuasan Generasi Z terhadap Layanan E-Commerce: Implementasi Distribusi Binomial

This research aims to determine the probability of success in testing the quality of e-commerce services. The variables in this research consider the quality of e-commerce services and customer satisfaction, which are then grouped again based on dimensions. The dimensions of e-commerce services are product availability, delivery, and information and complaints. A binomial distribution is used to estimate the indicators in that dimension. Indicators in this dimension include product availability, delivery time, price and reliability, product quality and condition, customer complaints and return policies, and information quality. Success and samples were taken with n equal to 14 respondents as one representative of each study program. The population N is modeled using a binomial distribution by conducting n experiments. Each trial has two possible outcomes, namely success or failure. The probabilities of success and failure are expressed jointly by p and 1-p. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire with a Likert scale. The results of this research are p (strongly agree) = 0.191, p (agree) = 0.466, p (somewhat agree) = 0.269, p (disagree) = 0.046 and p (strongly disagree) = 0.027. Strongly agree, agree, and so on, state the respondent's answer to the statement about Shopee's service quality. The probability of success will increase when the sample size is smaller than a considerable probability value based on trials with varying n and x values.

Analysis of&amp;nbsp;Consumer Service Quality&amp;nbsp;Factors Impacting on Online Shopping&amp;nbsp;Based on Technology Acceptance Model: A Green Purchase Intent in China

The effect of different service quality factors on online shopping, specifically green purchase intention in China is examined in this work. By employing partial least squares structured equation modelling (PLS-SEM), the study assessed the data obtained from 159 respondents who filled out valid semi-structured questionnaires from the e-commerce company’s employees. Based on the TAM model, this study tested the consumer green purchase intentions where the factors involved were supply chain management, inventory management, supplier relationships, quality control, and return policies. All these aspects, the study established, increase customer satisfaction and the likelihood of buying the product. Customer satisfaction is a mediator that balances the association between e-commerce platform service quality and consumer buying behaviour. Similarly, the study findings revealed that supply chain management practices, inventory management, relationships with suppliers, quality management and return policies regarding green products were significant factors that affected green purchase intention. The study emphasizes the need to sustain high standards of service delivery to increase employees’ customers’ satisfaction and consumption cultures. Behavioural e-commerce and consumer research are both advanced by this study, and findings aimed at enhancing e-commerce service quality and encouraging environmentally friendly purchasing. However, the findings of the study cannot be generalized widely due to the regional context and the small sample size of the study, so it is imperative to conduct more extensive Studies that can support these findings.

Improving appropriate use of intravenous albumin: results of a single-centre audit and multifaceted intervention

BackgroundIntravenous albumin has limited indications supported by randomised controlled trials, yet it is often prescribed for indications not supported by evidence.AimTo reduce unnecessary transfusion of albumin.InterventionsUnder the leadership of a...

Essential Drivers of Customer Satisfaction in using Shopee Apps: A Perspective of Logistic Service Dimensions

This study was motivated by authors’ curiosity to study Shoppe as a booming e-commercecompany, while logistics services are critical for Shopee’s success in term of satisfyingits customers. This study aims to examine how factors of logistic dimensions affectcustomer satisfaction of Shoppe and is basic research. The authors applied a correlationalresearch type with a quantitative approach. The primary data were obtained directly fromrespondents by distributing a questionnaire. They were analyzed using SEM approachand Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software. The results show that of 7hypotheses are supported. All factors of logistics dimensions: availability, delivery time,shipping cost, delivery reliability, product quality and condition, consumer complaintand return policy, and information quality affect customer satisfaction. This implies thatShoppe must make its stocks available, ensure its delivery time on time, pay attentionon its shipping cost, ensure the delivery of goods is in accordance with the conditionsapplied, the product packaging during shipping is not damaged, a simple return policy,provide information that meets expectations to satisfy its consumers. The present studycan shed light on the logistics services dimensions that align with customer expectationsin the e-commerce industry. Understanding these crucial logistics dimensions can enableShopee to better tailor their logistics operations to meet and exceed customer needs,ultimately resulting in satisfaction.

Analysis of The Relationship Between Warranty and Returns on Consumer Loyalty at Car Dealership in the Application of Conditional Khiyar

This research aims to analyze the relationship between the warranty policy and return policy implemented by the Medan Daihatsu Car Dealer and the level of consumer loyalty, especially in the application of the Conditional khiyar principle in business transactions. The research method used was a quantitative approach using a questionnaire as a data collection instrument, the number of samples used was 60 respondents. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression analysis and the hypothesis tests are the t test, F test and coefficient of determination which are processed with SPSS 25 Version software. The collected data will be analyzed using statistical techniques such as regression to assess the relationship between the variables studied. Apart from that, this research can also be a reference for further research in the field of marketing management and business law related to the implementation of conditional khiyar in business transactions.

Optimalkan Pengelolaan Persediaan Untuk Mengurangi Kerugian: Strategi Menghadapi Permasalahan Persediaan Rusak

Effective inventory management plays a key role in a company's smooth operations, avoiding financial losses, and maintaining its reputation. This article discusses strategies for dealing with damaged inventory problems, including identification of causes, implementation of information systems, efficient transportation plans, employee training, regular audits, return policies, and supplier diversification. This solution helps reduce the risk of damaged inventory, improves operational efficiency and strengthens the company's position in the market. The case study at CV JTS Store illustrates the application of observation and library research methods during a 4 month internship. The results show the importance of preventive measures and risk management strategies in maintaining business sustainability. Technology implementation, employee training, regular audits, and supplier diversification were identified as key steps to improve overall inventory management.

The Role of Packaging in Sustainable Omnichannel Returns—The Perspective of Young Consumers in Poland

The e-commerce market is continuously expanding; thus, many businesses are implementing their own omnichannel strategies. Many stores offer very liberal return policies that exceed statutory obligations to boost their revenue. Consumers are becoming used to new return opportunities, which leads to an increased percentage of returned orders. As a result, the sustainability of the delivery process of purchases made through omnichannel is jeopardized. The aim of this work was to assess the attitude of young consumers towards packaging in omnichannel returns. This study involved 446 young consumers (aged 18–25) and focused on delivery and return processes with emphasis on the packaging. It was found that the most common method of delivery is through parcel lockers (49%), although consumers usually have the possibility to choose from at least three different delivery options (77%). The product is shipped in a box in two out of every three cases, while filling of the package is below 80% in half of them. Consumers also prefer to return their goods in parcel lockers (45%), but they often cross channels and use different return options (to the way it was delivered). Consumers want to return their products in the same packaging, but this is usually only possible when the package is delivered in a box. Young consumers are pragmatic with their deliveries and returns, but environmental aspects are also very important to them.

Toward Centering Indigenous Knowledge in Museum Collections Management Systems

Museums still struggle with colonial data legacies within collections management systems, building mechanisms to be “inclusive” but challenged by how to model more expansive post-colonial ways of thinking. Although it anticipated a need to be “inclusive” of Native knowledge in the original design of its CMS, the National Museum of the American Indian is still challenged by the processes for how knowledge is entered into the system and by which information is seemingly “centered” within the system. Following on the release of the Smithsonian’s new Shared Stewardship and Ethical Returns policy, the NMAI is rethinking documentation structures within its CMS based on its dialogue with Native communities, conversations with other Smithsonian museums, and discussions with CMS colleagues. The museum is questioning why certain knowledge seems prioritized over others. Is this a fault of the system classification methods or our own practices? Can we re-envision CMS relationships to center Native knowledge?

Order basket contents and consumer returns

AbstractAlthough lenient return policies can drive sales and customer loyalty, they have also resulted in enormous returns volumes and reverse logistics costs. Online retailers often feel compelled to offer free returns, but are then faced with numerous operational challenges, ranging from accurately forecasting returns volumes to identifying presales strategies to reduce the likelihood that a (costly) return occurs. In this research, we consider how the complementarity of the products within an order basket is related to consumer returns. By developing an understanding of the link between basket contents and returns, we can improve order‐level returns forecasts, while also providing insights into the effect of basket recommendations on the expected return rate. We take a multimethod approach to this problem. First, we use a stylized model to generate theoretical predictions regarding how within‐basket complementarity should influence return probability. Next, we propose a data‐driven measure of complementarity, degree of copurchase (DCP), which is based on the machine learning concept of association rule and is implementable using standard retail sales data. Finally, utilizing a unique data set provided by a leading online specialty retailer, we implement the DCP measure and test the predictions of our analytical model. We find, as expected, that there is a decreasing relationship between within‐basket complementarity and return probability. However, we also show that this decrease is convex, indicating that the return probability impact is more notable when the complementarity is increased from a lower base. Our results have practical implications for both reverse logistics planning and online product recommendations.

Managing physical inventory and return policies for omnichannel retailing

As the retail industry increasingly adopts an omnichannel strategy amidst the growth of e-commerce, this study explores the interplay between inventory and return policies in such a setting. Specifically, we focus on “return losses,” defined as the losses incurred by retailers due to customer product returns. We target how these return losses impact retailers’ profits and physical inventories. While previous research has mainly concentrated on cross-channel returns, little attention has been paid to how omnichannel return policies affect store inventory and profit. We posit that profit-maximizing retailers allow consumers to select their purchase channels based on utility but require returns to follow specific policies. In this paper, we model four return policies based on the channel of return: original purchasing channel return, offline return, online return, and cross-channel return. We use a newsvendor model to construct an optimal profit function that accounts for the additional profit from offline return, uncertainty demand, and inventory cost. Our analysis identifies the conditions under which certain return policies are beneficial or detrimental to omnichannel retailers. We discover that the retailer's product pricing, return losses, and consumer return hassle costs are the main factors influencing the best return policy and inventory policy decisions. Moreover, whether to increase or decrease store inventory and the relationship between physical inventory and return loss depend on the return policy, price, and return hassle cost. Numerical simulations support our findings, which offer practical guidance for omnichannel retailers aiming to optimize their inventory and return policies.