Retail Turnover Research Articles

ТІНІЗАЦІЯ ГРОШОВО-ФІНАНСОВИХ ВІДНОСИН НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ З ОГЛЯДУ НА ФОРМАЛЬНІ І НЕФОРМАЛЬНІ ІНСТИТУТИ

The article provides a definition of the shadow economy from the standpoint of institutional economic theory as an informal institution, as well as a legal category in accordance with domestic legislation. The dialectical unity and opposite of the shadow economy as an informal institution and a formal institution, which is subject to official assessments by state administration bodies, is determined. The phasing of the functioning of the shadow economy in Ukraine during 2010–2021 was carried out. The polynomial trends of its integral level at two selected stages (before 2014 and after) were formalized. It is shown that the general estimate of the shading level is obtained as a result of the integration of its estimates by four methods: population expenditure – retail turnover; electric; unprofitability of enterprises; monetary Quantitative estimates of the general and partial levels of shadowing of the economy are calculated: higher indicators are given by the monetary method and the population's expenses – turnover, lower – by electricity and unprofitable enterprises. Electrical and monetary methods are most closely related to the integral level. The ranking of methods for assessing the levels of the shadow economy was carried out according to the increase in the variability of their annual results based on the standard deviation: monetary, integral, unprofitability of enterprises, electric, population expenditure – retail turnover. The characteristics of individual methods of calculating the levels of shadowing of the economy and methods of integration in terms of content, order of calculation, advantages and disadvantages have been performed. It is shown that the integral assessment is determined as the sum of weighted average estimates of the level of the shadow economy by four methods based on the establishment of weighting factors taking into account the stability of estimates by the corresponding method for previous years, however, the flaws of the calculations are the failure to take into account the density of the correlation relationship between the levels of shadowing of the economy determined by different methods. Additional restrictions on the use of certain partial methods of measuring the shadowing of the economy, which reduce their information capacity in the conditions of martial law, have been determined. The greater rationality of using the monetary method in modern conditions has been proven. The main tools for reducing the level of the shadow economy in Ukraine are proposed: legalization of labor relations and, in general, economic activity in the country; restructuring of the money supply at the expense of the non-cash component; the spread of the use of the electronic payment system, primarily by subjects of small and micro-enterprises.

Потребительские предпочтения населения России и их влияние на формирование стратегий развития компаний

Consumer preferences of Russians depend on real monetary incomes of the population, which have recently demonstrated instability of indicators. In addition, studies show that one has to experience inconveniences using new forms of trade, pay-ments and delivery of goods. The article discusses how the in-novations affect consumer preferences of Russians. The pur-pose of the study is to identify consumer preferences of Russian population and their influence on development strategies of trade companies. The methods of grouping statistical data, reviewing analytical surveys of the regions, constructing digital series of indicators of household income, retail turnover, and purchasing power of citizens were used. As a result, an over-view of recent researches aimed at studying consumer prefer-ences of Russians and current development trends of the retail market of goods is given. The indicators analysis of the citizens’ quality of life, formation of the population income by the regions of the country, changes in retail turnover and people's purchas-ing power is carried out. Trends, problems and recommenda-tions on the companies’ development strategies are formulated.

ТРЕНДИ СПОЖИВЧОЇ ПОВЕДІНКИ ДОМОГОСПОДАРСТВ НА ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОМУ РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ

The article outlines the peculiarities of consumer behavior of households in the food market of Ukraine. The importance of studying the peculiarities of the formation of consumer behavior of households in the food market of Ukraine in modern socio-economic conditions is outlined. In analyzing the behavior of consumers in the food market, three periods of its formation are distinguished. Changes in consumer practices of Ukrainian households over the past ten years have been analyzed. Trends in consumer behavior of households that prevailed until 2020 were determined. Among them are the growth of retail turnover of grocery chains, the development of electronic commerce, the dependence of the choice of store type on the level of household income, the active development of local trade networks and the growing demand for organic products. The peculiarities of the second period of the formation of consumer trends that began with the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic are considered. In particular, the purchase of the most necessary goods, the reduction of impulsive purchases, the importance of the product price when making a purchase, the popularization of food and ready-made food delivery services, and the increase in online shopping by households. The consumer behavior trends of households that arose due to the beginning of the full-scale Russian invasion are indicated. The following trends in consumer behavior of households at the beginning of last year can be distinguished: reduction of household expenditures on food products, lack of food consumption, cash purchases, the spread of survival strategies in consumer behavior of households, giving preference to cheaper products by households, borrowing money by households, increase in the average number of households, and change of residence by households. The study of the consumer behavior of Ukrainians during the 10 months of the full-scale invasion made it possible to single out slightly different consumer trends. In particular, the rationalization of demand, consumers' attention to the brand when making a purchase, and growing demand for Ukrainian brands.

РОЗДРІБНА ТОРГІВЛЯ ПРОДУКТАМИ ХАРЧУВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН ТА ВИКЛИКИ

The article is devoted to the study of the current state of food retail trade in Ukraine and the development of countermeasures to modern economic challenges in the retail sector. The impact of food retail trade on the country's monetary turnover is determined. The essence of the concept of "food products" and its difference from food products is defined. It has been proven that food products should be understood as food products for consumption by humans and other living beings. It has been proven that the dynamics of sales volumes of food products is cyclical in nature. The dynamics of sales volumes of food products in Ukraine through cash registers were analyzed and a significant reduction in sales of this product group was determined. The continuation of this negative dynamic in the future is predicted by constructing a linear regression equation. The structure of domestic retail turnover by food product groups was analyzed and the presence of "delayed" demand for fruits and vegetables, fish and fish products was revealed. It was determined that the deterioration of the economic situation and a decrease in the income of citizens may lead to a redistribution of sales of alcoholic products within the category towards cheaper ones. The dynamics of merchandise turnover by food product groups in 2017–2021 were studied. The main reasons for the increase in merchandise turnover by all food product groups were attributed to a significant increase in the price of fuel and lubricants. Due to supply problems and inflationary pressures, food prices are forecast to rise in the future. The influence of quarantine restrictions on the change in the dynamics of turnover and methods of product promotion in the field of food retail trade has been revealed. This is a consequence of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. It found that during the pandemic, many food retailers began to pay more attention to maintaining close ties with suppliers to strengthen supply chains. It has been proven that ensuring the effective functioning of food retail trade facilities can be achieved by maximally meeting the needs of consumers and minimizing time spent.

Assessing the standard of well-being using personal income and consumption measures: The Kemerovo Oblast – Kuzbass case study

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the standard of living of the population of the Kemerovo Oblast – Kuzbass. Objectives. The article aims to assess the impact of factors reflecting incomes and population size on the volume and changes of retail turnover in the Oblast. Methods. For the study, we used a regression analysis of statistical data. Results. The analysis of statistical information helped identify the main economic problems of Kuzbass. The article proposes a system of interrelated indicators characterizing the level of welfare of the population of the region. Conclusions and Relevance. Mathematical modeling helps identify the current patterns of development of the region. The results of the study can be used to develop long-term forecast parameters.

Formation features of financial and economic security of housing and communal sector of Ukraine

The purpose of the study is to form conclusions regarding the prerequisites for ensuring the financial and economic security of the housing and communal sectors of the national economy of Ukraine. The research considers the relevance of defining the so-called housing and communal sectors of the national economy. These are areas where the key resource support for the functioning and development of the economy is formed, which create the necessary environment for the course of business activity processes. These are trade and the domestic market, the education and science sectors, innovations, innovative technological activities, information, and communication sector, etc. The indices and volumes of wholesale and retail turnover in Ukraine are characterized. Data on indicators of the development of e-commerce in Ukraine are summarized. The main parameters of the functioning and development of the domestic IT sector are highlighted. Emphasis is put on the capacity and personnel potential of the IT sector of Ukraine's economy. The results of a comparative analysis of investments in knowledge and innovative development of Ukraine are given. Conclusions were made regarding the volume and structure of domestic enterprises' expenditures on innovation, research, and development. The effectiveness of innovative activity of industrial enterprises in Ukraine is analyzed. Conclusions are made in the context of prerequisites for ensuring financial and economic security of the housing and communal sectors of the national economy of Ukraine. The applied value of the research results is in the determination of problem areas, aspects, and obstacles of ensuring financial and economic security of priority (in view of the areas where the key resource support for the functioning and development of the economy is formed, which create the necessary environment for the course of processes) of the national economy of Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of the methodology for analyzing the prerequisites for ensuring the financial and economic security of the housing and communal sectors of the national economy. Keywords: housing and communal sector; financial and economic security; national economy; structural and functional analysis; security strengthening priorities.

Multi-format marketplaces as a driver of e-commerce development in Russia

Forecasted in 2022, the e-commerce turnover in the Russian Federation will amount to 4,207 billion rubles which is 16 % higher than in 2021. Significant annual growth forms a steady trend of e-commerce achieving the third of total retail turnover in the country, which predetermines detailed estimates of this segment, factor analysis, and the determination of drivers of development.

Corporate Social Responsibility as a Factor Promoting Customer Loyalty in the Latvian Retail Sector

The retail sector is an important engine of the national economy and an indicator of the development of the national economy. Over the last ten years, the total retail turnover index has increased by 31%, which highlights the acquisition of competitive advantages. Businesses need to fight strategically for consumers in an environment where information and services are widely available. Promoting customer loyalty is important for companies, but with the realization of responsible and sustainable operations, corporate social responsibility is one of the ways to promote it. It is important to understand how important corporate responsibility is to consumers and what corporate social responsibility activities are now important to consumers to draw conclusions about their impact on customer loyalty. The aim of the current research is to identify corporate social responsibility activities that promote customer loyalty in the Latvian retail sector. In order to achieve the aim of the work, the following tasks have been set: (1) to study theoretical aspects of corporate social responsibility and customer loyalty; (2) to develop a questionnaire to assess public opinion on the importance of corporate social responsibility in the food retail sector and to conduct an in-depth interview to find out the opinion on the results of the questionnaire in practice;(3) to identify the corporate social responsibility activities that are important to society and promote the loyalty. The research question put forward is: What corporate social responsibility activities affect customer loyalty? For analysis of statistical data, the authors use such methods as internal coherence analysis (Cronbach's alpha), frequency analysis, ranking, factor analysis, graphical analysis. In order to identify the factors influencing corporate social responsibility in the Latvian retail sector, a survey was carried out. As a result of factor analysis a scheme of corporate social responsibility activities was developed for companies in the food retail sector, grouping together the most important directions and activities of corporate social responsibility for consumers in order to promote the customer loyalty. Keywords: customer loyalty, corporate social responsibility, retailing, competitiveness, corporate citizenship

The current economic position of the Chuvash Republic in the structure of the Volga Federal District

Subject. This article discusses the prospects for economic growth in the Chuvash Republic. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the economic relationships between the Chuvash Republic and the Volga Federal District regions. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of statistical, neural network, and cluster analyses. Results. The article finds that the retail turnover indicator is the most significant for the economy of the Chuvash Republic. The largest lag behind the regions of the Volga Federal District is found in construction and the manufacturing industry. Conclusions. The most important objective of the federal and regional authorities is to ensure the sustainability of economic growth of both the Chuvash Republic and other regions of the Volga Federal District.

Use of Consumer Neuroscience in the Choice of Aromatisation as Part of the Shopping Atmosphere and a Way to Increase Sales Volume

The point of purchase is considered to be one of the few communication channels that is not yet saturated, and it has a relatively large potential for the future. A pleasant smell is also part of the shopping atmosphere. How smell affects customer behaviour and purchasing decisions is addressed by a relatively young scientific field, one of the existing kinds of sensory marketing—aroma marketing, otherwise called aromachology. Smell has mainly a subconscious influence; therefore, its examination is appropriate to be carried out using consumer neuroscience tools. This paper examined the perception of the shopping atmosphere in Slovak grocery shops and comprehensive interdisciplinary research on the impact of selected aromatic compounds on the cognitive and affective processes of the consumer, as well as the evaluation of the effectiveness of their implementation in food retail establishments. At the end of the paper, we recommend the possibilities of effective selection and the implementation of aromatisation of different premises, by which the retailer can achieve not only a more positive perception of the shopping atmosphere, but also an increase in retail turnover in individual sales sections.

Applied Research of Digital Readiness of Retails

The paper contains a proposed methodology for determining the digital readiness of retail, which, unlike the known ones, allows managing the internal capabilities of digital transformation of enterprises in the FMCG retail segment. This technique has a number of advantages: data availability; ease of calculation; sufficiency and non-overloading of the attributes of the resulting feature; the possibility of using both in the process of primary self-diagnosis and at the control stage to determine the effectiveness of changes in the implementation of digital projects in retail. The proposed methodology involves the calculation of the integral index of digital readiness of retail enterprises, which is an indicator. It is based on morphological analysis and a formalized system of scoring share indices according to the selected components of internal capabilities for the digital transformation of an enterprise. The internal possibilities of digital transformation of retail are investigated in the context of management and support subsystems. The managerial subsystem of the digital readiness of the organization is formed by two groups of digitalization factors: the aspiration of the management staff and the presence of a digital strategy of the enterprise. The following factors are referred to the supporting subsystem: digital potential and digital culture of the enterprise. The parameters and attributes that characterize the internal capabilities of an enterprise in digital transformation in the context of the selected factors and subsystems are determined. A scale for interpreting the assessment of the level of internal digital capabilities for adapting an enterprise to the conditions of business digitalization is substantiated. The proposed methodology was tested on a representative quota sample of network FMCG segment objects, which included the largest retail operators in the region under study in terms of retail turnover. The results obtained made it possible to identify gaps in the management and support subsystems of the digital transformation of retail and offer a solution for managing the internal digital capabilities of the enterprises under study. It has been established that the main reason for the inhibition of digitalization processes is the weak will of managers and the lack of formation of digital thinking, lack of experience in developing and implementing a digital development strategy, limited financial resources, a weak level of digital skills of employees, as well as a lack of methods for assessing and managing digital transformation processes. The results obtained form the basis for discussions on industry-specific factors of business readiness for digital transformation. As well as the prerequisite for determining the directions of digital activity of network retailers, developing scenarios for digital business transformation.

Study of factors of influence on criminal human behavior

The paper is devoted to the study of the influence of socio-economic factors on the criminogenic situation in the country. The initial list of factors influencing crime in the country is substantiated. Research has been conducted to determine the factors that affect criminogenic human behavior and proved that socio-economic factors need special attention. According to the results of the comparative analysis, the primary list of factors was formed: the number of unemployed, average monthly wages, consumer price index, volume of sold industrial products, retail turnover, industrial production index, natural population decline and the number of reported criminal offenses. As research has confirmed that socio-economic factors have an impact on the number of crimes committed, so to form effective management decisions to improve the crime situation in the country, it is proposed to analyze which socio-economic factors have the most significant impact. A multiple regression model was constructed, which allowed to determine that among the socio-economic factors the greatest influence on criminogenic behavior is exerted by the average monthly wage and gross domestic product per capita. According to the results of the study, it is proved that at present the formation of the criminogenic situation in the country is determined by a number of factors, namely, economic and social orientation. The list of measures that have a positive impact on the crime situation and the operational situation in the country is proposed: increase in wages; reduction of prices for consumer products; reduction of credit and licensing requirements; reduction of emotional arousal; neutralization of negative peer pressure; blocking sites on home computers that are not recommended for teenagers; refusal to imitate and more.

CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FEED FOR DECORATIVE AND SINGING BIRDS

In the developed countries of the world, animal business is one of the most profitable and promising branches of production.Pet business includes the totality and interaction between enterprises engaged in the production and distribution of goods and services for pets, and consumers of these goods and services. The structure of pet business is represented by pet products, services, and animals, and pet products, in turn, by feed, medicines, care products, and accessories. The global pet food market size was valued at USD 94.76 billion in 2021 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.4 % from 2022 to 2030. Increasing consumer awareness regarding natural and organic pet food products has forced the manufacturers to shift their focus from synthetic to natural products which has acted as one of the major forces impacting the global market. In Ukraine, in 2017–2021, the category «Animals – pets and feed for them» in the structure of retail turnover occupied a share of 0.3 – 0.5 %. The volume of retail turnover during this period increased 3.4 times, from UAH 1,612.5 million in 2017 to UAH 5,468.6 million in 2021. In Ukraine, goods are classified according to the classifications DC 016-2010 «State Classifier of Products and Services» and DC 021:2015 «Unified Procurement Dictionary», as well as the Ukrainian classification of goods of foreign economic activity, which is the commodity nomenclature of the Customs Tariff of Ukraine. According to the current classifiers, separate groups of goods directly related to goods for pets (dogs, cats, etc.) are provided only for feed and brushes for animal care. Yes, according to DK 016-2010, ready pet food has the code 10.92.10-00.00 and according to DK 021:2015 – 15713000-9 and does not have further details. Today, the owners of decorative and singing birds have a relatively wide range of ready-made feeds at their disposal. Analyzing the feed market for decorative and singing birds, we saw that a significant part of it is occupied by imported feeds, while the assortment of domestic feeds on the Ukrainian market is not large and does not always meet market requirements and cannot withstand competition. However, it is difficult to call the presented feeds complete, since they are mainly different types of feed mixtures, which include, depending on the price category, different types of components: starting with cereals and ending with various nuts, dried fruits, etc. Ready-made feeds in combination with a correctly selected feeding regime strengthen the health of birds, and also meet their expectations regarding taste qualities and the owner's expectations regarding the price and convenience of feeding. Careful observation of the appearance and behavior of birds allows you to establish the correct diet for your pet and determine his preferences for one or another type of feed. In order to understand the entire range of feeds offered on the market, it is necessary to study and systematize them. Based on the analysis of feeds presented on the market, we proposed a classification of feeds by types of poultry, purpose, price, form of release, physiological features and age, as well as by type of packaging. By bird species, feed is divided into three varieties: for singing birds, for decorative birds, and for parrots, which are a kind of hybrid of the first two species. For parrots, food can be distributed according to their size: for large, medium and small. According to their purpose, complete ration feeds and feed mixes, treats, and feeds fed for therapeutic purposes and for preventive purposes are distinguished. By price, fodder for decorative and singing birds is divided into three price categories: economy, business and premium classes. This is the formation of classes was developed based on the income of the population. Economy class includes consumers who can afford to buy food for their pets at a price of UAH 70 to 100 per kilogram, business class – UAH 101-250 /kg, premium class – consumers who can buy food for of their pets is higher than UAH 251 /kg. According to the form of release, there are molded fodder and loose fodder mixes. Formed – represented by a small amount of granulated and partially extruded feed. According to the physiological characteristics, feed can be divided into feed for the pre-nesting period, during the molting period, for birds, for adult birds at rest and for females during the feeding period. The type of fodder packaging is also of great importance: natural (cardboard), polymer and combined (based on cardboard and polyethylene).

Взаимосвязь между факторами спроса и предложения на региональных рынках труда

The article presents the author’s approach to the analysis of matching the demand for labor and its supply. The essence of the approach lies in the dynamic assessment the closeness of the relationship between two sets of indicators describing each of the factors. The proposed model for calculating the coefficient characterizing the closeness of the relationship allowed us to consider simultaneously the factors of the formation of demand for labor and its supply, as well as to make quantitative estimates. The approach was tested using the data from the subjects of the Russian Federation situated in the Ural Federal District. The results of the assessment showed that during the period from 2000 to 2019 the closeness of relationship between the indicators of supply and demand factors in the labor market increased. The most significant contribution to the coordination between supply and demand in the regional labor markets is made by the demographic factor, i.e. the share of the population of working age. In addition, in some subjects of the Russian Federation, the functioning of the labor market is quite significantly affected by the retail turnover, the amount of investment in fixed assets and the graduation of specialists. The use of the coefficient of closeness of the relationship allowed us to consider simultaneously all the indicators of the factors of supply and demand in the labor market and make quantitative estimates. Such a unique approach makes it possible to avoid the objectively existing restrictions in the statistical accounting of employment and unemployment

Розничная торговля как индикатор качества жизни населения

Retail trade performs important economic and social functions, including meeting the needs of the population for marketable products and services. This is one of the important components of the quality of life of the population. Inattention to the issues of trade services for the population of rural settlements leads to a migration outflow and a decrease in the population of the Khabarovsk Territory. The paper shows the relationship between the level of retail trade development and the level of trade services for the population of the Khabarovsk Territory and the dynamics of the population. Despite the increase in the number of stores, positive trends in the development of the commodity structure of retail turnover and the purchasing power of the average per capita income of the population, the level of satisfaction with trade services is low, which reduces the quality of life of the population.

Features of intraregional trade turnover of Southern Federal District

The economic interaction of the constituent entities of Russian Federation is manifested in the strengthening of mutual trade contacts between them. An indicator of mutual trade between regions is intraregional trade turnover. The purpose of this article was to identify and substantiate the features of the intraregional trade turnover of Southern Federal District based on data on its levels, dynamics and structure. At the same time, the trade turnover was considered as a result of the development of mutual trade flows and an indicator of the effectiveness of trade and economic relations between regions. In the course of the study, the economic and statistical method prevailed, associated with the calculation, analysis and interpretation of relative statistical indicators, their visualization through graphic-analytical images. Based on the system of statistical indicators, the article examines the specific features of intraregional trade turnover of Southern Federal District in comparison with data from other federal districts of Russia and national levels. Southern Federal District occupies insignificant positions in the ranking of the federal districts of Russia in terms of retail and wholesale turnover, which does not correspond to its resource, production and demographic potential. The authors identified the following features of intraregional trade in Southern Federal District: the predominance of the segment of private trade enterprises in retail trade; a high share of the market and fair trade format in the sale of consumer goods; dominance of stationary outlets in retail turnover; expansion of network retail. The materials of this article have analytical significance and can be used as an information basis for making managerial decisions in the field of regional economic policy to activate mutual trade flows of the regions of Southern Federal District and expand mutual trade contacts between them.

The Federal Budget Execution in H1 2021: Revenues Exceeded Pre-Pandemic Level

According to the results of H1 2021, the federal budget revenues exceeded the level of 2019, hitting 20.9% of GDP. The main contribution to this outcome was made by an increase in VAT receipts, primarily due to an increase in the consumption of nonfood products with a slight increase in the consumption of food products (measured in terms of physical volumes of retail turnover).

The volume of goods and services consumed by rural population as a metric of quality of life and standard of living

Subject. The article discusses the consumption of goods and services in rural areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Objectives. We analyze the way the rural population consumes goods and services, evaluate the extent of their municipal differentiation by the standard of living and quality of life. Methods. We draw upon the normative and comparative methods of data analysis by consumption of goods by the rural population and the availability of infrastructure. Results. Social benefits were found to account for almost 40 percent of income received by the rural population. The population’s income strongly depends on social benefits in the majority of rural areas. The low income per capita determines the low purchasing power of the population. We demonstrate that most rural people consumes products they grow at their private land plots, thus reducing the share of retail turnover. Rural population practically cannot purchase goods for the long-term use. The volume of paid services per capita does keep below RUB 5,000 in the most of the rural areas. Conclusions and Relevance. The study helped evaluate the consumption in the rural areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai and determine municipal districts where people need aid of the regional and federal authorities most of all. If institutional processes change in the rural areas, the social functions will be performed most effectively.

Consumer Neuroscience as a Tool to Monitor the Impact of Aromas on Consumer Emotions When Buying Food

Building a unique USP sales argument (unique selling proposition) through various forms of in-store communication comes to the fore in a challenging competitive environment. Scent as a means to influence the purchase of goods or services has a long history, however, aromachology as field of in-store communication is a matter of the present. This new trend, the importance and use of which has grown in recent years, is the subject of a wide range of research. In order to increase the efficiency of these elements, it is necessary to familiarise ourselves with the factors that affect the customer, whether that be consciously or unconsciously. Consumer neuroscience is addressed in this area. This paper deals with the comprehensive interdisciplinary investigation of the impact of selected aromatic compounds on consumer cognitive and affective processes as well as assessing the effectiveness of their implementation in food retail operations. At the end of the paper, we recommend options for the effective selection and implementation of aromatisation of different premises, by which the retailer can achieve not only a successful form of in-store communication, but also an increase the retail turnover of the store.

The analysis of structural relations in the Russian economy

Subject. The article investigates structural relations in Russia’s economy. Objectives. I delve into the basis for structural relations in Russia’s economy. Methods. The study is based on the systems approach and the method of statistical, neural network and cluster analysis. Results. I spotlight the establishment of optimal structural relations in the Russian economy. The article presents a set of material properties of the Russian economy, which hamper the emergence of optimal structural relations, sustainable growth and constructive development in the modern circumstances. What underlies structural relations in Russia is that its growth can be fed with domestic borrowings and paid services for the public, retail turnover, which depend on salaries and investment in capital stock, while changes in the foreign exchange rate are pegged to the turnover of foreign trade and deficit (surplus) of the consolidated budget. Conclusions and Relevance. Maintained with domestic borrowings and variation of the foreign exchange rate, economic growth, as the basis for structural relations in the Russian economy, is a sufficient indicator to evaluate the performance of the Russian government. The findings contribute to the knowledge and competence of the Russian government to set up consistent goals for creating optimal structural relations in the Russian economy.