Results Of Medical Examinations Research Articles

Features of respiratory diseases development at separate and combined exposure to welding aerosol and tobacco smoke

Introduction. Welding aerosol is one of the most common industrial fumes, and tobacco smoke is the most common behavioural risk factor for developing respiratory diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the features of the structure and prevalence of respiratory diseases under separate and combined exposure to welding aerosol and tobacco smoke. Materials and methods. The results of periodic medical examinations of workers of underground mines in the Murmansk region and a special assessment of working conditions at these enterprises were studied. Results. Chronic respiratory diseases were detected in 176 (32.0%) of 550 surveyed electric and gas welders and more often in smokers than non-smokers: 39.8% and 19.9%, p <0.001. Compared with the control group, electric gas welders had a higher prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (p = 0.033) and bronchial asthma (p = 0.043).Smoking increased the risk of nasal septum curvature with respiratory dysfunction (relative risk (RR) = 1.78; confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.88; p = 0.016), chronic bronchitis (RR = 3.33; CI 1.51-7.34; p = 0.001) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (RR = 6.47; CI 0.83-50.2; p = 0.039). The prevalence of respiratory diseases among electric and gas welders depended on exposure to tobacco smoke. Differences with non-smokers appeared at a smoking index of 10-19.9 packs/years. The risk of developing respiratory pathology increased with an increase in the smoking index for every ten-pack / years. At the same time, the length of service did not significantly affect the development of respiratory diseases in non-smoking workers. Conclusion. The data obtained show that smoking cessation should be a mandatory and central element of programs to prevent the development of respiratory diseases in workers exposed to welding aerosols.

Culture-negative chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis in a two months old girl: a case report

BackgroundPrevious articles have focused on the diagnosis and treatment of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. Here, we present a case of chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis in a 2-month-old girl. The diagnostic procedure was unusual and difficult due to negative culture results.Case presentationA girl aged 2 months and 23 days had fever and swelling in her right lower leg for 7 days. On the basis of her medical history, physical, and histological examination results; and radiologic and magnetic resonance imaging findings, a diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis was made. The patient underwent surgical treatment and was discharged successfully. The patient showed good recovery and no sequelae at the 12-month follow-up.ConclusionHematogenous osteomyelitis in babyhood is different from that at any other age. Hematogenous osteomyelitis-related bone destruction in babyhood is more serious and occurs faster. The transition from acute hematogenous osteomyelitis to chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis takes only 7 days. To the best of our knowledge, this chronic hematogenous osteomyelitis patient is the youngest ever reported.

Current state of working conditions and health of employees of the chemical organ synthesis enterprise

Due to the modernization of chemical production in recent years, specialists note a reduction in detection of occupational intoxication and a decrease in the overall occupational morbidity of workers in the chemical industry. At the same time, the risk of loss of professional aptitude for general medical contraindications and the preservation of the functional longevity of employees comes to the first place. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the current state of working conditions and health from chemical organ synthesis enterprise employees. The experts analyzed the state of working conditions of production workers under a special assessment of working conditions. In addition, we studied the status of the leading professional groups of the enterprise according to the results of a periodic medical examination (PME). The working conditions in the primary professions of the enterprise for the production of acrylic acid nitrile, sodium cyanide, and related products are harmful to 1-3 degrees (subclasses 3.1-3.3). Scientists estimated the a priori occupational risk to employees' health from exposure to harmful factors of the production environment in the categories from small (moderate) to high (intolerable), where it is necessary to take urgent measures to reduce it. Scientists recognized three employers out of 522 who work in harmful working conditions for general medical contraindications (coronary heart disease) as unfit for professional work. We allowed 14 people to work in the profession with restrictions. Specialists identified common somatic diseases in 335 people: sciatica of the lumbosacral level (23.7%), chronic bronchitis (15.3%), essential hypertension (14.4%), and cerebral atherosclerosis (12.3%). The employees of chemical organ synthesis enterprises work in harmful working conditions, namely: the presence of toxic chemicals in the air of the functional area, an increased noise level generated by working production equipment, and the severity of the labor process. An adequate system of hygienic monitoring and organizational and technical measures makes it possible to reduce the class of the degree of harmfulness of working conditions according to the chemical factor to acceptable ones. Polyethological general somatic diseases create the most significant risk of loss of professional aptitude in personnel. Harmful factors of work and lifestyle aggravate the involutional processes.

Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of childhood obstructive sleep apnea (2020).

Chinese guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of childhood obstructive sleep apnea (2020).

Plasma Nesfatin-1: Potential Predictor and Diagnostic Biomarker for Cognitive Dysfunction in T2DM Patient.

PurposeNesfatin-1 plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between plasma nesfatin-1 levels and clinical indicators and cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsDemographic and medical history data, physical examination, and biochemical test results of 132 T2DM patients were collected. The plasma concentrations of nesfatin-1, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM1), and sTREM2 in T2DM patients were measured. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult (BRIEF-A). The patients were divided into two groups: a low-nesfatin-1 group (n = 75) and a high-nesfatin-1 group (n = 57) based on a plasma nesfatin-1 concentration less than or above the 50th percentile value of all the samples.ResultsThe results showed that plasma HbA1c levels were positively correlated with CRP, IL-6, sTREM1, and sTREM2 levels in patients with T2DM (P < 0.05). Plasma nesfatin-1 concentrations were positively associated with diabetes-related biochemical indicators including glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and inflammation-related indicators including CRP, IL-6, sTREM1, and sTREM2 among patients with T2DM (P < 0.05). Moreover, T2DM patients with high nesfatin-1 levels showed higher HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (P < 0.05). Furthermore, T2DM patients with high nesfatin-1 levels also showed higher BRIEF-A scores (P = 0.01). Additionally, T2DM patients with high total scores of BRIEF-A (scores > 50th percentile) could be identified with a sensitivity of 59.1% and a specificity of 72.7% by nesfatin-1.ConclusionThese findings indicate that plasma nesfatin-1 might be involved in the T2DM-associated comorbidities and the development of cognitive dysfunction, and the mechanism underlying this involvement is related to the imbalance in the expression of CRP, IL-6, sTREM1, and sTREM2 levels.

Tonsillar neoplasm: experience of the 2nd Otorhinolaryngology Clinic from Cluj-Napoca

Introduction. The primary tonsillar neoplasm is a common malignancy of the head and neck, alcohol and/or cigarette smoke and Human Papilloma Virus is the main etiological agent. This study offers a retrospective analysis of the tonsillar neoplasm cases in a tertiary medical center from Romania. Patients and methods. We present a 4-year (2015-2018) retrospective study on 72 patients diagnosed with tonsillar neoplasm in our clinic, previously untreated patients. The study was included only the patients diagnosed through histopathological evaluation with tonsillar neoplasm. We searched the cases in our clinic database, and we collected data about age, gender, symptoms on admission, findings of the objective physical examination, oro-pharyngoscopy, medical imaging examination results, histopathological results, stage of the disease, therapeutic management. Results. The group composition is: 75% men and 25% women, 62.5% of them are smokers. Dysphagia/swallowing discomfort was the most common symptom identified, and the non-keratinized squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histopathological form. Stage I tonsil carcinoma was diagnosed in 25% of the cases, stage II in 15.3%, while 47.2% of the cases had stage III or IV. None of the patients presented distant metastases. Lymphoma was diagnosed in 12.5% of the cases. We performed for all patients in stages I and II underwent total unilateral tonsillectomy. For the patients in stages III and IV, we performed surgery after radiotherapy-chemotherapy treatment or only radiotherapy-chemotherapy. Conclusions. In Romania, smoking is still the most important risk factor for tonsil cancer. The majority of patients have visited a doctor only when dysphagia and, above all, palpable cervical adenopathy, were present, and the tumor was in the advanced stage. In Romania, the ENT-oncology integrated medical services are few, in most cases patients are lost from otorhinolaryngological follow-up.

Manufacturing-conditioned morbidity among non-ferrous workers in pyro-metallurgic way of nickel production

Introduction. Preserving and strengthening the health of the working population is one of the priority tasks in the Russian Federation. According to the "Concept of the Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025", approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 135 of 09.10.2007, measures to reduce the mortality rate of the population, primarily citizens of working age, should include measures to reduce the mortality rate and injuries from industrial accidents and occupational diseases. The study aims to assess the relationship of health disorders with work for certain classes of diseases and the indicator of loss of life years, adjusted for the disability of workers (DALY-disability-adjusted life years), shops of pyrometallurgical nickel refining. Materials and methods. We performed a study on JSC "Kola Mining and Metallurgical Company" (JSC "Kola MMC"), which produces and processes copper-nickel ores located in the European part of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (Murmansk Region), which makes and processes copper-nickel ores. To assess the relationship of health disorders with work, we used the results of mandatory periodic medical examinations of 2113 employees engaged in pyrometallurgical refining of nickel and copper. Results. In the context of individual classes of diseases, experts established a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of diseases of the nervous system, skin and subcutaneous tissue, musculoskeletal system, and conditions of the genitourinary system. The conducted assessment of the connection of these health disorders with working conditions in workers of pyrometallurgical production of nickel and copper showed the presence of an average degree of contact with the impact on the body of a complex of harmful production factors of such health disorders as diseases of the nervous system, skin and subcutaneous tissue, musculoskeletal and genitourinary systems. We evaluated the effectiveness of the measures carried out using the DALY-analysis method. As a result, the researchers found a reduction in this total indicator of health loss among workers of pyrometallurgical refined nickel from 218.8 to 184.6 years (by 17.8%). Conclusions. A comprehensive assessment of health losses by the DALY analysis method indicates a significant reduction in the burden of diseases among workers of pyrometallurgical nickel refining by 15.6%, including among men - by 12.5%, among women - by 28.3%. The economic efficiency of the implemented wellness program in JSC "Kola MMC" showed that the total prevented economic damage due to reducing diseases associated with labor activity amounted to 119.3 thousand rubles per employee of metallurgical production on average for the year. The prevented economic damage resulting from the reduction of occupational diseases per employee amounted to 10.4 thousand rubles per year.

Analysis of the results of medical examination of citizens of draft age

In the context of the reform of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the issues of recruiting troops with healthy, physically developed and mentally stable young conscripts are of paramount importance. Only citizens "A" - fit for military service and "B" fit for military service with minor restrictions are subject to conscription. When analyzing the results of medical examination of persons of military age, it was found that over the studied period of time, fitness for military service for health reasons decreased by 3.8% (from 78.3% in 2016 to 74.5% in 2020). However, despite the general decrease in fitness for military service, there is an increase in the fitness for military service "A" by 13.5% (from 23.4% in 2016 to 36.9% in 2020). Every year, during the period of work of the draft commissions, a significant number of citizens (more than 10%) were sent for additional examination to medical organizations. As a rule, the examination of conscripts was carried out on an outpatient basis (up to 85%) and much less often in an inpatient setting (up to 15%). The first place was occupied by diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, which accounted for 24.9%. Mental and behavioral disorders ranked second with an indicator of 18.7%. The third place was taken by diseases of the circulatory system - 14.9%. Diseases of the eye and adnexa ranked fourth - 8.2%. Diseases of the digestive system were less common, accounting for only 4.5%. Thus, in total, the listed diseases accounted for 71.2% and were the main ones in determining the fitness of conscripts for military service for health reasons.

Features of legal regulation of the institute inquiry in the legislation of Ukraine and foreign countries

Features of legal regulation of the institute inquiry in the legislation of Ukraine and foreign countries

The Organizational and Tactical Aspects of Interaction of the Investigator with the Expert in the Arrangement and Production of a Forensic Medical Examination

Introduction: the relevance of the research topic lies in the fact that the correct arrangement, as well as the use of the results of forensic medical examinations, opens up wide opportunities in solving a whole range of issues related not only to the resolution of specific cases, but also to the implementation of the tasks facing justice. The purpose of the study: to reveal the distinguishing characteristics and specific features of the interaction between the investigator and the expert in the arrangement and production of a forensic medical examination which could contribute to the resolution of issues in the investigation of crimes. The research objectives: to characterize the activities of the expert in conducting a forensic medical examination; to investigate the legal aspects of the interaction of the investigator with the expert in the arrangement and production of a forensic medical examination; to develop recommendations for improving the interaction between the investigator and the expert. Methods: the methodological framework for the paper consists of the dialectical as well as the specific scientific methods of cognition: comparative-legal, formal-logical, system approaches. Results: the direct focus on improving the work on the interaction of the investigator with the expert in the arrangement and production of a forensic medical examination in the investigation of crimes will allow us in a short time and in full, objectively conduct the expert research in the course of the investigation and crime solution. The organizational, tactical and methodological features of the interaction between the investigator and the expert in the arrangement and production of a forensic medical examination, including the time, place of arrangement and conduct of a forensic medical examination, the preparation of the necessary procedural documents, the tactics of interaction between the investigator and the expert, are revealed. The practical recommendations are given to improve the interaction between the investigator and the expert in the arrangement and production of a forensic medical examination. Conclusions: for the purpose of productive interaction between the investigator and the expert in the framework of criminal proceedings, the following is necessary: when arranging and conducting a forensic medical examination, there should be the closest contact between the investigator and the forensic expert, which should be of an indirect nature and be carried out in the form of performing their functional duties agreed upon for the purpose of the activity; the efficiency of a forensic medical examination depends primarily on the quality and completeness of the materials submitted, which the investigator must provide for the forensic expert; the investigator must familiarize the expert with the materials submitted for the forensic medical examination, agree on their completeness, and, if necessary, provide additional materials (at the request of the forensic expert; the investigator and the forensic expert must interact after the forensic medical examination; for more efficient interaction with the expert, the investigator must include in the crime investigation plan the activities with the participation of the forensic expert with their mandatory approval from the expert himself.

Our Experience of Using Soft Bifocal Contact Lenses in Children with Progressive Myopia

Introduction. According to the studies, one out of three myopic patients with refraction greater than –6.00 D and an axial length greater than 26 mm is at high risk of facing low vision and loss of sight in the future. According to the results of medical examinations and screenings in carried out in Ivanovo, the prevalence of myopia in primary school children has increased three times during the past twenty years. Myopic children under 7 years old are six times more likely to have myopia progressed to higher degrees than children in which myopia onset took place later (at the age of 11–12 years). Optical interventions for myopia control such as orthokeratology and soft bifocal contact lenses have a strong body of evidence and are well accepted by ophthalmologists.Purpose. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of soft bifocal contact lenses on refraction, accommodation and axial length in children with progressive myopia.Materials and methods. We observed 30 children aged 8–15 years with myopia progression rate of 0.82 D/year and accommodative weakness and instability. We prescribed OKVision PrimaBio Bi-focal design soft bifocal contact lenses (OKVision, Russia) that feature +4.00 D addition power on periphery. The effectiveness was estimated by monitoring refraction, accommodation and axial length every three months within a year.Results. After 12 months of wearing soft bifocal contact lenses, the annual myopia progression rate decreased 4.3 times on average. We were able to stabilize myopia in 50% of the children during the period of monitoring. The use of this intervention had a strong effect on accommodation resulting in an increase of its amplitude and reserve.Conclusion. The use of soft bifocal contact lenses has been proven to have a strong inhibitory effect on myopia progression rate. Myopia stabilization manifested itself as the absence of increase in myopic refraction and axial length as well as normalization of accommodative function.

Aposterior assessment of occupational pathology risks in copper-nickel miners

Occupational morbidity indicators in the mining industry rank first among all types of economic activity in Russia. The aim of the study was to assess the risks of occupational pathology a posteriori in miners carrying out underground mining of copper-nickel ore in the Kola Arctic. We studied the data of periodic medical examinations and social and hygienic monitoring «Working conditions and occupational morbidity of the population of the Murmansk region.» In 2007, according to the results of medical examinations, 5,007 chronic diseases were identified in 2,042 miners, of which the most common were diseases of the musculoskeletal system (27.7 %) and eye (16.9 %). In 2008–2018, 166 (8.1 %) miners were first diagnosed with 303 occupational diseases, mainly due to increased labor severity (51.5 %) caused by imperfect technological processes (77.6 %). The highest risk of developing occupational diseases was noted among the operators of drilling and tunneling rigs, which significantly exceeded the rates among miners of all other specialties. During labor activity, diseases of the musculoskeletal system most often acquired occupational etiology (41.7 % of all cases). In the structure of nosological forms of occupational diseases, the first places were occupied by vibration disease (21.1 %), radiculopathy (18.5 %) and sensorineural hearing loss (17.5 %). The largest number of cases of occupational diseases per year per 10,000 workers was observed among drillers (540.5 cases) and crushers (441.6 cases), and the smallest — among locksmiths (18.5 cases) and engineering and technical workers (15.5 cases). At present, the modernization of ore mining processes and personal protective equipment, as well as the system of medical measures, do not provide solutions to the problems of preserving the health of the copper-nickel miners of the Kola Polar region.

Influence of the nervous and emotional tension of the labor process on the body of pedagogical and medical workers

Introduction. The impact of high information and neuro-emotional loads on teachers and medical workers contributes to professional stress and the development of production-related diseases. The development of preventive programs in health-saving behavior is quite relevant. It reveals the need to study the peculiarities of the labor activity in employees of pedagogical labor and the medical sphere. The study aims to substantiate hygienic and medical-preventive programs to prevent the development of overstrain and maintain health in pedagogical and medical workers with different work intensities. Materials and methods. Researchers carried out comprehensive physiological and hygienic studies, a hygienic assessment of the intensity of the labor process, and factors of the production environment. We have a questionnaire survey and the results of medical examinations of teachers and surgeons. Scientists did physiological studies on the state of the cardiovascular system with characteristics of the response to stress loads (ECG recording on a 12-channel electrocardiograph and continuously using Holter monitoring, determination of systemic blood pressure). We calculated the total risk of fatal cardiovascular complications on the SCORE scale. Researchers carried out statistical processing of the obtained data using the statistical program EpiInfo 3.5.2., Statistika 10, Microsoft Excel 2010. Results. 85.7% of medical university teachers have chronic diseases, and diseases of the circulatory system prevail in the structure of morbidity, the frequency of which increases with age. The results of the questionnaire survey established the priority behavioral risk factors for teachers. There is a high (from &gt;5% to 10%) and very high (&gt;10%) absolute risk of fatal cardiovascular complications on the SCORE scale in teachers. In surgeons, the study of the features and degree of adequacy of the cardiovascular system's response to stress during work revealed the tension of the regulatory mechanisms of the circulatory system, which indicates a decrease in the functional capabilities of the myocardium. Conclusions. Neuro-emotional stress of work is the leading professional factor in the teaching staff of higher medical education (2 permissible, 3 class of harmfulness of the 1st degree) and surgeons (class 3.2). It determines the formation of the functional state of neuropsychiatric tension.

Descriptive characteristics of occupational exposures and medical follow-up in the cohort of workers of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises in Seversk, Russia

Purpose To date, only a few studies have examined long-term health risks of exposures in the uranium processing industry and reported contradictory results, necessitating further research in this area. This is the first description of a cohort of ∼65,000 uranium processing workers (20.6% women) of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises (SGCE) in Seversk, Russia, first employed during 1950-2010. Methods SGCE is one of the largest and oldest uranium processing complexes in the world. SGCE workers at the Radiochemical, Plutonium, Sublimate and Enrichment plants were exposed to a combination of internal and external radiation, while workers at the Support Facility were primarily exposed to non-radiation factors. Results Mean cumulative gamma-ray dose based on individual external dosimetry was 28.3 millisievert. About 4,000 workers have individual biophysical survey data that could be used for estimation of organ doses from uranium. SGCE workers were followed up for mortality and cancer incidence during 1950-2013 (vital status known for 80.8% of workers). The SGCE computerized database contains information on the results of regular medical examinations, and on smoking, alcohol and other individual characteristics. Conclusions The SGCE cohort is uniquely suited to examine long-term health risks of exposures to gamma-radiation and long-lived radionuclides in uranium processing workers.

Calculation of kinds of reaction and level of stamina of UIAS students during realization of Letunov’s test physical load

The study is devoted to relevant problems of maintaining the healthy lifestyle of students of young age of Ukrainian Institute of Arts and Sciences. Calculating the kinds of reaction and level of stamina of students towards physical load according to Letunov’s test to discover the functional state of cardiovascular system.&#x0D; Moving activity is a necessary part of healthy lifestyle and is determined and stipulated by totality of physical activity of a person. Both excessive and lacking physical load can be negatively marked on health state of students under the conditions of term control. Rational usage of the means of physical education has its positive influence and irrational usage can cause pathological changes in the system of blood circulation. Results of medical examination of first year students claims that the quantity of students with deflections of health state increases every year. Correct organization of the process of physical education can become driving force of all the studying process by forming and strengthening the physical education of a personality. It happens by means of stimulating the development of the most significant biological and social needs of a person such as movement, development, self- affirmation, self-education. Nowadays during practice coordination of the studying process for teachers of physical education in school and also teachers of physical education in higher educational institutions unconventional cases happen in terms of admittance of a pupil for the physical education lesson or a student for a physical education lesson, taking into account a few accidents that happened at physical education lessons at schools, which are connected to the low level of health state of majority of students. Certainly, nowadays unfavorable ecological factors, high level of stressful situations, low level of water quality, low level of food quality, poor life standards influence negatively the city residents. [1]&#x0D; The implementation of modern technologies considerably fosters the decrease of physical activity, which stimulates notable rejuvenation of many diseases, that were typical for older population 10 years ago. [2,7,8]

Physiological Response of the Physical Capabilities of Adolescents with Sensorineural Hearing Loss to Regular Adaptive Handball

Training within the framework of adaptive sports and especially handball helps to significantly increase the level of adaptation to social conditions in people with hearing system pathology. Regular practice of this sport increases the accuracy of motor acts and stimulates general adaptive capabilities. The study involved 31 male teenagers aged 13-14 with sensorineural hearing loss of I-II degree. Of these, two groups were formed: the observation group (14 adolescents), who began to engage in adaptive handball, and the comparison group (17 adolescents), who continued to engage in physical education at school. The results of the annual medical examination, the results of functional tests and control standards of physical fitness were used. The results were processed using the Student's t test and correlation analysis.Regular physical trainings within the framework of handball allowed to increase the coordination-motor potential and stabilize the vestibular-dynamic stability of adolescents. They increased their physical readiness and the accuracy of their motor actions fulfillment in the conditions of play and in everyday life.Regular training in adaptive handball in adolescents with sensorineural hearing loss increases coordination abilities, speed capabilities, strength qualities and general endurance.

Analysis of clinical characteristics of middle ear osteoma at different locations

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics, intervention and treatment of tympanic osteoma at different locations. Methods: The medical history, audiological and imaging examination, operation and follow-up results of two patients with tympanic osteoma at different sites were reviewed and summarized. Furthermore, the clinical characteristics and interventions of 36 patients reported in literatures with tympanic osteomas were also summarized and analyzed. Results: Osteoma of the two patients collected in this study located at promontory and incus respectively;both of them presented with intact tympanum and conductive deafness, without obvious etiology or predisposing factor. Both of them underwent surgeries and the hearing improved significantly. For patient one, the ossicular chain was intact and restored to activity after removed the osteoma. For patient two, an artificial ossicle was implanted after removed the osteoma and incus. In the 36 patients reported in literatures, the average age was 26.5 years, and 39.47% of them located at promontory; in addition, the main symptoms of them were progressive hearing loss, tinnitus and ear stuffy. Conclusions: Patients with tympanic osteoma are characterized by conduction deafness with intact tympanic membrane, and the most common lesion is promontory. Hearing can be restored by excision of the osteoma and maintenance or reconstruction of the ossicle chain.

Assessment of labor conditions of working drilling units for oil production

Introduction. During oil production, drillers are exposed to harmful occupation production factors: noise, vibration, the severity and intensity of work, microclimatic conditions, oil, and components. The purpose of the study was to conduct comprehensive investigations of working conditions and health status, to assess the occupational risk of drillers at an oil production enterprise. Material and methods. The work was carried out within the framework of the special assessment of working conditions carried out according to the plan. The influence of occupational factors of the production environment on workers’ health was assessed by indices of occupational morbidity and the results of periodic medical examinations of drillers servicing the drilling rig for oil production driller 5000.320 ERO for the period 2013-2018. Results. Analysis of the measured parameters of harmful occupation factors indicates noise, vibration, and psychophysiological indices to be the leading indices of working conditions that affect the employees’ health. The general assessment of employees’ working conditions corresponds to the class- 3.3 (harmful), the category of occupational risk - high (unbearable). The source of harmful effects on workers is the equipment of the drilling rig 5000.320 ERO. Analysis of medical documents drillers over 5 years revealed a link between working conditions and the development of occupational diseases (vibration disease, sensorineural hearing loss); between operating conditions and the development of career-related diseases: musculoskeletal system (arthrosis, arthritis, osteochondrosis, etc.); the peripheral nervous system (radiculitis, plexitis, polyneuritis, etc.); diseases of the respiratory system (bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma, and respiratory diseases, etc.). Conclusion. To prevent the negative impact of harmful production factors at the enterprise it is necessary to provide many preventive measures: automation, mechanization, sealing of equipment, employees have to be equipped with personal protective equipment, improving the quality of preliminary and periodic medical examinations.

Hygienic Aspects of Health of Junior Students of a Medical University

Background: The task of preserving and improving health of university students is a priority in modern Russia. The purpose of the study was to analyze the health status and to identify priority health risk factors of junior students of a medical university. Materials and methods: Health assessment was carried out with account for disease incidence (based on the journal of registration of student health records), lifestyle (results of a questionnaire-based survey), and physical development (medical examination results). The study involved 789 to 1,165 first to third-year medical university students. Results: We established an increase in the incidence of diseases with temporary disability in the surveyed students by 17.8 % in 2014–2017. The increase was more pronounced among the most common health disorders such as diseases of the respiratory, digestive, and musculoskeletal systems, injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes. The most prevalent behavioral risk factors included bad habits, lack of sleep and exercise. According to the results of a physical development study, 11.65 % of the boys and 10.93 % of the girls were overweight, 4.89 % of the boys and 3.68 % of the girls had classes I-III obesity while 29.03 % of the students were underweight. Bioelectrical impedance analysis showed a fat mass deficiency in 42.48 % and 33.29 % and an increased fat mass in 34.21 % and 43.20 % of the boy and girl students, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings will help determine directions for maintaining health of medical students.

Leading role of the principles of interaction between the natural physical factors and integral organism in medicine of the future

The paper discusses the search of evidences of advantage of the physiotherapy over the drug therapy by the parameters and treatment methods according to clinical stage of a disease development, based on the results of labor medical examination and improvement of the quality of life. The above indicators were confirmed with a high statistical accuracy by example of a new rehabilitation technology: "Underwater horizontal spine traction with underwater phototherapy to solve an essential medical and social problem: treatment of patients with degenerative and dystrophic lesions of the lumbosacral spine with herniated protrusions of intervertebral discs, being one of the most common neurological pathologies worldwide. Based on the achievements in physics, i.e. discovery of "evanescent waves", "scanning tunneling microscope"; "AC and DC Josephson effects", development of highly sensitive equipment and discovery by the author of the present article of a highly informative, non-invasive, simple, harmless method of studying the mechanism of action of physical factors on the integral organism from any part of the skin surface, i.e. "blood spectrum biopsy" displaying the complete information picture of an organism, it became possible to create a new theory of a mechanism of action of physical factors on the supramolecular level of the integral organism on the principle of "tunnel effect".