Results Of Diagnostics Research Articles

Analysis of Voluntary Testing of 11 th Class Students in the Subject “English Language” in the Regions of the Kyrgyz Republic

Presents the examples of research of leading experts in this field. The results of voluntary based testing in the subject "English language" of 11th grade students in schools of the Kyrgyz Republic, briefly describe the activities of the National Center of Education Quality Assessment and Information Technology (NCEQAIT) and the goals of conducting voluntary based tests. The analysis of the results of diagnostics on the quality of knowledge, as well as everyday observations, proved the lack of proper attention from parents, insufficient time to prepare for classes, lack of organization of self-preparation, etc. Also, the forms and methods of teaching play an important role in improving the quality of knowledge, although they can be different depending on the level of students' academic performance, on the tactics of pedagogical support, the ability to study and analyze theoretical issues and to confirm them with practical observations.

Gastrointestinal Parasites in Owned Dogs in Serbia: Prevalence and Risk Factors.

Dogs are the most popular pets worldwide. Close contact between dogs and people increases the risk of transmission of various zoonotic parasitic infections. Given the importance of veterinary medicine in preserving the One Health concept, the aim of this research was to identify intestinal parasites that may have zoonotic potential and to evaluate risk factors (individual and environmental). The research was conducted in Serbia in 2022 and 2023 on 382 owned dogs, using qualitative methods of coprological examination with a concentration on parasitic elements. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 62.6%, with the following detected: protozoa: Cystoisospora spp. (9.2%), Sarcocystis spp. (4.5%), Neospora caninum/Hammondia spp. (3.7%), Giardia intestinalis (11.8%); nematoda: Toxocara canis (11.5%), Toxascaris leonina (4.2%), family Ancylostomatidae (38.0%), Trichuris vulpis (21.5%), Capillaria spp. (10.5%); trematoda: Alaria alata (1.6%) and cestodes from the Taeniidae family (1.3%). Factors like age, size and coat length, as well as the way of living, attitude and diet were linked to a significantly higher (p < 0.05) prevalence of intestinal parasites. Based on the results of coprological diagnostics, this research indicates the importance of educating dog owners, conducting routine parasitological tests on their pets and regular deworming strategies.

INFLUENCE OF THE TYPE OF MATERIAL OF DELAYED COKING REACTORS ON DAMAGE DURING OPERATION

The problem of increased damage to delayed coking reactors (DCRs) or coke drums in domestic and foreign oil refining practice is still relevant. To date, significant progress has been made abroad in understanding the mechanisms of damage to DCR; numerous measures have been formulated, tested for widespread use, and have been used for a considerable time to improve the resistance to operational damage of DCRs. There is an urgent need to adapt and use positive foreign experience in the domestic practice of designing and operating DCRs, which will allow for a significant reduction in their damageability. Among the measures to increase the resistance to operational damage of DCRs, the most important place is occupied by the determination of technical requirements for their material design. The article compares the technical requirements for the material design of the DCR in domestic and foreign design practice, and analyzes the operating experience of the DCR with different material designs. Data on recorded damage obtained during the operation of DCRs is presented, data on the chemical composition and mechanical properties of the materials used in the manufacture of DCRs, the results of technical diagnostics of DCRs are provided with illustrative materials of damage zones of DCRs. A comparison is made in the level of resistance to operational damage of DCRs with different material designs. The results of previously performed studies on mathematical modeling of the stress-strain state of the elements of DCRs are used, with verification of strength conditions. Recommendations for the material implementation of DCRs are provided. Proposals for changes in the technical requirements for the material design of the DCRs are formulated in terms of mechanical characteristics (yield strength) in the delivered state.

Increased report completeness and satisfaction with structured neurotological reporting in the interdisciplinary assessment of vertigo

Results of neurotological function diagnostics in the context of interdisciplinary vertigo assessment are usually formulated as free-text reports (FTR). These are often subject to high variability, which may lead to loss of information. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the completeness of structured reports (SR) and referrer satisfaction in the neurotological assessment of vertigo. Neurotological function diagnostics performed as referrals (n = 88) were evaluated retrospectively. On the basis of the available raw data, SRs corresponding to FTRs from clinical routine were created by means of aspecific SR template for neurotological function diagnostics. FTRs and SRs were evaluated for completeness and referring physician satisfaction (n = 8) using avisual analog scale (VAS) questionnaire. Compared to FTRs, SRs showed significantly increased overall completeness (73.7% vs. 51.7%, p < 0.001), especially in terms of patient history (92.5% vs. 66.7%, p < 0.001), description of previous findings (87.5% vs. 38%, p < 0.001), and neurotological (33.5% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.001) and audiometric function diagnostics (58% vs. 32.3%, p < 0.001). In addition, SR showed significantly increased referring physician satisfaction (VAS 8.8vs. 4.9, p < 0.001). Neurotological SRs enable asignificantly increased report completeness with higher referrer satisfaction in the context of interdisciplinary assessment of vertigo. Furthermore, SRs are particularly suitable for scientific data analysis, especially in the context of big data analyses.

METHODS OF TECHNICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF MILITARY AUTOMOTIVE EQUIPMENT SAMPLES

The article is devoted to the importance of modern diagnostics of military automotive equipment (MAE) in Ukraine to ensure timely and high-quality maintenance and repair, especially amid the full-scale invasion and a large-scale war. With the increasing number of the latest models equipped with advanced electronic systems, the demand for qualified specialists and equipment for their diagnostics maintenance and repair is growing. The article examines recent research and publications in this field, and discusses maintenance and repair strategies, as well as the potential for implementing the latest diagnostic technologies in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Special attention is given to diagnosing Soviet-made samples and the necessity of developing universal methods to ensure their effective maintenance and repair. The article analyzes the capabilities of computer diagnostics of automobile systems as well as provides a detailed analysis of sensors that allow you to determine the current technical condition of a vehicle.&#x0D; In addition, the article describes a motor testing device, its technical capabilities as for computer diagnostics of vehicles that are not equipped with sensors.&#x0D; The results of technical diagnostics of a military vehicle using a motor testing device are also presented.&#x0D; The article highlights the importance of developing a universal methodology for technical diagnostics that would take into account recent achievements and a high-level of diagnostics for MAE samples of the Ukrainian Armed Forces. A universal methodology for effective diagnostics of the MAE samples of the Armed Forces of Ukraine is proposed. The methodology is based on a detailed description of computer diagnostics, taking into account the importance of the motor tester and the research conducted with its assistance.

«Relevant correlation» and real typology of dependences on the example of indicators of popular psychological tests

Introduction. The analysis of statistical relation between the characteristics under study is most likely the main type of analytical tasks encountered in almost any psychological study. But as our long-term experience, including my colleagues, shows in psychological research if there is no overabundance of closely related in meaning variable, between the studied indicators dominate, first of all, dependences that are far from linear.Materials and Methods. To study statistical relation, the author's method was used in the work, which makes it possible to study, along with linear dependencies, the simplest nonlinear dependencies: with a maximum and with a minimum, far from linear, monotonic and almost monotonic. This allows not only to expand the range of revealed dependencies and get rid of numerous errors in the traditional interpretation of the correlation coefficient, but also to better understand the complex psychological subject of a particular study. To demonstrate the typology of statistical dependencies, psychological data were selected for 120 subjects using 9 popular methods. The results of diagnostics according to these methods represent 114 quantitative indicators.Results. This article is devoted to the analysis of the ratio of linear and simplest nonlinear dependencies, their features and typology, their interpretation at the intersection of different intervals of dependencies measures obtained both in the study of only linear models and in the study of the simplest nonlinear dependencies, when linear dependencies become an integral part of the entire set dependencies of research interest. For example, for 6441 pairs of psychological indicators, only 17 strong linear relationships are observed, either for the MMPI test scales or for the Leary test scales. At the same time, among the “significant”, but at the same time very weak and weak dependences in the model for quarts, 29 strong simplest non-linear dependences were found (type 2 error). And among the dependencies that did not fall into the zone of significance in the model for quarts, 37 strong simplest non-linear dependencies were found (type 1 error).Discussion and Conclusions. Basically, if we restrict ourselves to the simplest non-linear dependencies, the psychologists should be most interested in dependencies with a maximum or minimum that correspond to the essence of the mental as a subject of study.

Lymphoproliferative disease: could they be localized in the pancreas?

Primary involvement of the pancreas in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is very rare. The symptoms of the tumor are nonspecific, and the results of instrumental diagnostics are often similar to pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Considering the fundamental differences in approaches to treatment and prognosis of these diseases, making an accurate diagnosis is only possible through morphological examination of tumor tissue samples. The difficulty of collecting a sufficient number of tissue samples, especially for immunohistochemical analysis, and the need for repeated tumor biopsies, in some cases lead to unnecessary surgical interventions.

PECULIARITIES OF DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTIC TACTICS IN BLEEDING IN THE EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERIES

Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the results of diagnostics and treatment of 14 patients who had internal bleeding in the early postoperative period after bariatric surgeries. The following parameters were studied: age and sex of the patients, average body mass index, comorbidities, volume of the performed bariatric surgery, type of internal bleeding (intraluminal/intra-abdominal), technical peculiarities of each operation, average postoperative bed-day, efficiency of instrumental diagnostic methods, types and methods of hemostasis. Results. Clinical manifestations of bleeding in all patients operated on for morbid obesity were detected on 1-2 postoperative days. The main symptoms: weakness and dizziness - in 12 cases (86%), BP decrease up to 90±60 mmHg. - in 4 (28%), tachycardia (HR 100 and more beats per minute) - in 100% of cases. Development of melena and vomiting with blood admixture was noted in 6 (42%) cases, blood flow by drainage - in 8 (58%). In 4 patients (28%) the development of bleeding was preceded by BP increase up to 180-200/100-110 mmHg. In all 14 patients hemoglobin level decreased: in 6 (42%) not lower than 100g/L (but more than 20% of the initial hemoglobin level), and in 8 (58%) - below 100g/L. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) was used to diagnose bleeding inside the lumen of the stomach, intestine, anastomosis, and computerized tomography (CT) of the abdominal cavity with intravenous and oral contrast for intra-abdominal bleeding. In 6 patients with intra-abdominal bleeding revision laparoscopy was performed as an emergency procedure. When the source of bleeding from the stapler line was revealed, the bleeding zone was additionally sutured with Vicryl 3\0 thread using separate knotted sutures. In case of bleeding from the trocar wound, hemostasis was performed with the help of Bersi needle using 1/0 capron thread.No lethal outcomes were observed. All patients were discharged in satisfactory condition. The average bed-day due to the complication increased on average by 2-3 days. Conclusion. Effective methods of diagnostics and treatment of intraluminal bleedings are endoscopic techniques with the possibility of reliable hemostasis. In case of intra-abdominal bleeding relaparoscopy with stitching or clipping of the bleeding source is shown.

Evaluation of the Value of Histological Examination for the Prediction of Genetic Thoracic Proximal Aortopathies.

Background: Heritable connective tissue disorders are often accompanied by an increased risk for thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD). Profound knowledge of the underlying pathology may have an impact on individual treatment, systematic follow-up, and early detection by the screening of offspring. The aim of this study, based in a single high-volume tertiary center, was an analysis of the diagnostic validity of histopathologic findings in patients with TAAD due to these findings' accuracy in diagnosing heritable connective tissue disorders. Methods: Therefore, genetic testing by next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed to evaluate the correlations. In total, 65 patients with TAAD undergoing surgical treatment before the age of 60 years or with age up to 80 years if they had offspring at the time of the procedure were included in the analysis. Results: In our cohort, no certain correlation of histological findings to the results of genetic diagnostics in patients with clinically relevant aortic pathology could be shown. Patients with histopathologic findings for heritable connective tissue disorder and a positive gene variant were 11.6 years younger than patients without mutation and without histological evidence for connective tissue disorder. Conclusions: Genetic clarification is useful to define the specific genotype of the disease of the aortic wall in the case of non-specific histological characteristics.

The effect of rotation rate and mass of wheel pairs on the result of vibration diagnostics of axle boxes using a UDP-2021 stand

Aim. The paper aims to compare the results of vibration diagnostics at different wheel pair (WP) rotation speeds based on the peak signal values and noise from the front bearing of the WP axle box equipped with a SOP AK 32.01 cylindrical roller with a standard defect. Methods. The peak vibration signal values were analysed using WP with different wheel tread thicknesses, i.e., 25, 45, and 65 mm. The bearing of one of the axle boxes (front) was equipped which a defective SOP AK 32.01 roller. Results. In the course of the experiment, it was found that as the thickness of the wheel tread grows the probability of over-rejection increases, which is practically confirmed by the fitness of the parts and components of the axle box upon dismantling and careful inspection. Conclusion. The “Reject” conclusion issued by the UDP-2001SM vibration stand should directly depend on the WP rotation speed. Additionally, its rotation rate should be selected depending on the thickness of the wheel tread.

The risk of severe acute pancreatitis depending on the genetic predisposition and diet

The aim of the study: to determine the influence of genetic predisposition and diet on the risk of severe acute pancreatitis (АР). Materials and methods. The results of diagnostics and treatment of 547 patients with acute pancreatitis were analyzed, 97 of them had a severe АР. Patients' blood DNA samples were used as research material. Detailed questionnaire on nutrition was carried out, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the food consumed was assessed. Genomic DNA was isolated using the standard PCE method. Genotyping was performed on a MALDI-TOF MassARRAY-4 analyzer. The role of the following polymorphic variants was studied: SPINK1 C&gt;T (rs6580502), PRSS1 C&gt;T (rs10273639), CFTR A&gt;G (rs213950), TNF -308 G&gt;A (rs1800629), IL1B A&gt;G (rs16944), IL5 A&gt;G (rs2069812), IL6 G&gt;C (rs1800795), IL10 T&gt;C (rs1800896), CETP G&gt;A (rs708272) and LPL T&gt;G (rs320). Statistical analysis was performed using SNPStats and Statistica 10.0 software. Results. In our study, we found that carriers of A/A rs2069812 IL5, G/G-G/C rs1800795 IL6 and T/T rs320 LPL genotypes increased the risk of severe acute pancreatitis. Alcohol abuse increases the risk of severe disease in carriers of T/T SPINK1 (rs6580502) and A/A CFTR (rs213950) genotypes. Constant exposure to alimentary risk factor manifested by increased consumption of fatty foods increases the risk in carriers of G/A-A/A rs 16944 IL1B, reduced protein and carbohydrate intake with food - in carriers of G/A-A/A rs2069812 IL5, carbohydrate - in carriers of G/A-A/A rs708272 CETP. Conclusion. Predictive diagnostics plays an important role in the prevention of severe acute pancreatitis, eliminating the effects of risk factors in carriers of genotypes associated with a severe course of the disease will make it possible to achieve positive success in the prevention of AP, to reduce the frequency of complications and the development of its severe course, to reduce mortality.

AUTOMATION OF THE PROCESS AND OPTIMIZATION OF TECHNICAL DIAGNOSTICS RESULTS PROCESSING

High safety requirements are imposed on the operation of production facilities. One of the requirements is periodic diagnostics of equipment and structures. Technical diagnostics is the recognition of the state of a technical system, which includes a wide rangeof problems associated with obtaining and evaluating diagnostic information. Surveys provide extensive information about the diagnostic object, which allows us to conclude about the operability of the object, to make a decision about repairs or modernization.The article discusses the process of diagnostics, its shortcomings and methods of their elimination. A program for automating the process and processing the results of technical diagnostics is proposed. The implementation of the development is aimed at increasing the reliability of the data obtained, reducing labor costs, and improving the state of safety at production facilities. It is also assumed that when using the development, the number of industrial accidents that occurred due to human factor errors during technical diagnostics will be reduced.The program consists of four elements, which will allow them to be gradually implemented in production: a sensor-server commu-nication system, a database, an electronic technological scheme of the object, a computing module. The communication system will simplify the transmission of data from the control sites. The database will facilitate work with documentation for control objects. The information available on the electronic technological scheme will increase the speed of interaction of employees of various services during diagnostics. The calculation module will eliminate the human factor during calculations and accelerate the formation of control acts and the conclusion of the industrial safety expertise.The joint use of all elements of the program will facilitate and accelerate the work on technical diagnostics and simplify the work with documentation for research objects.

Solar extreme ultraviolet variability as a proxy for nanoflare heating diagnostics

Aims. We aim to improve the existing techniques to probe the nanoflare hypothesis for the coronal heating problem. For this purpose, we propose using the solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) emission variability registered with modern space-based imagers. Methods. We followed a novel model-based approach. As a starting point, we used the EBTEL 0d hydrodynamic model. We integrated the arising system of stochastic differential equations to calculate the covariance matrix for plasma parameters. We then employed a Taylor expansion technique to relate model parameters with observable EUV intensity variation statistics. Results. We found that in the high-frequency approximation, the variability of the EUV emission is defined by the dimensionless factor ϖ, which is inversely proportional to the frequency. We calculated the factor ϖ throughout the solar disk and found that it does not exceed 0.01, except for the finite number of compact regions. The distribution of ϖ follows the power law with an index of ≈ − 2.6. To validate our approach, we used it to probe the temperature of the coronal plasma. We show that the line-of-sight temperature distribution is close to homogeneous with a mode of ≈1.25 MK, which is in perfect agreement with the results of the spectroscopic diagnostics.

FEATURES OF THE CLINICAL DEPICTION OF UROLITHIASIS IN CHILDREN URGENTLY HOSPITALIZED IN A HOSPITAL

It follows from the literature data that the absence of obvious clinical symptoms of urolithiasis and calculous pyelonephritis in children can lead to diagnostic errors in 8-32% of cases. The purpose of this study was to identify the features of the clinical course of urolithiasis in children hospitalized for emergency indications. In the course of the work, the results of clinical and laboratory diagnostics of 158 children with emergency pathology of the kidneys and urinary tract were analyzed. In accordance with the data obtained, the main clinical signs of urolithiasis in children were identified during their emergency hospitalization.

ANALYSIS OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE UPDATED CONTENT OF EDUCATION

Purpose. The article is devoted to the problem of professional competence of physical education teachers in the process of implementing the updated content of the subject "Physical culture" in secondary schools. The purpose of the study was to analyze the professional competencies of physical education teachers in the context of the requirements of the updated content of general education. Methodology. A systematic and activity-based approach is fundamental in the study. Research methods: analysis, diagnostic methods, conversation. Results. The results of diagnostics of the formation of professional competencies of physical education teachers within the framework of advanced training courses at the levels of formation (optimal, acceptable, critical, unacceptable) in the field of subject, psychological, pedagogical and methodological training are presented and interpreted. Professional deficits of normative and legal competence among teachers have been identified, the levels of professional skills for the implementation of the educational process on the subject of "Physical culture" in the context of the requirements of the updated content of general education have been determined. Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in the field of additional professional education of teachers, as well as in the educational process of university training.

Проектный подход к организации функционирования регионального Центра компетенций на базе ЛГПУ имени П.П. Семенова-Тян-Шанского

This article discusses the application of a project approach to the organization of the functioning of the regional Competence Center on the basis of the P.P. Semenov-Tyan-Shansky LSPU. The aim of this study is to analyze the possibilities of using the project approach to diagnose and develop students’ supra-professional compe-tencies, to organize the presentation of the results of supra-professional competencies diagnostics in coopera-tion with employers and regional authorities during internship and employment. The use of the project ap-proach allows for motivating monitoring of the formation of students’ supra-professional competencies. This approach helps to qualitatively measure the needs, requests of employers and their offers of employment for graduates. The research uses sociological methods. This project represents an important step in the develop-ment of higher education and the creation of a favorable economic environment.

Probabilistic and Statistical Methods for Identifying Defects in Diesel Fuel Equipment Using Vibroacoustic Spectra

The article deals with the practical results of technical diagnostics of diesel fuel equipment using vibroacoustic characteristics. The authors used given diagnostic matrix, Bayesian methods and sequential analysis to calculate the effect of reducing the elasticity of the injector spring on the performance of the fuel injector and the connection of the diagnosis “increased injector spring tension” with the sign “high amplitude at a frequency of 115 Hz”.

Comparative effectiveness of the use of mineral and organic fertilizers in the cultivation of onions in an annual crop

We conducted a comparative study of the effect of mineral and organic fertilizers on the yield and quality of 5 medium-ripened domestic onion varieties in an annual crop on the alluvial meadow soil of the Moscow region. Laboratory and field experiments were carried out by the Department of Agriculture and Agrochemistry of the VNIIO branch of the FNCO in 2020–2022 on sufficiently cultivated medium-loamy alluvial meadow soils of the central part of the Moskvoretsky floodplain. In the experiment with the 5th varieties and the 3rd variants of the mineral fertilizer system, the commercial yield of onions was 53.0 t/ha, whereas with the use of an organic fertilizer system – 58.4 t/ha. Accordingly, the increase in yield relative to the control without fertilizers in the first case was equal to 106, in the second – 117%, marketability – 93 and 95%. It has been established that when determining the need of plants for nutrients during the growing season, it is preferable to use methods of leaf diagnostics. On average, for 5 varieties of onion, the yield increase, according to the results of plant diagnostics, turned out to be 13% more than in variants with NPK doses calculated according to soil diagnostics. Biochemical quality indicators for all onion varieties and all fertilizer variants did not differ statistically significantly from the control. The quality of onion products practically did not depend on the applied fertilizer systems. The organic fertilizer system provided the best supply of nutrients to onions in the phase of the beginning of bulb formation, which was crucial for obtaining the greatest yield in an annual crop. On average, for 3 variants of the organic system, the soil contained 2.34 mg/100 g of mineral nitrogen in the phase of the beginning of bulb formation, whereas with the use of the mineral system – 1.65 mg/100 g, or 42% less.

Stability and debris-mitigation of a solid tape target delivery system for intense laser-matter interactions towards high-repetition-rate

The VEGA-3 laser system at the Centro de Láseres Pulsados delivers laser pulses up to 1 PW at 1 Hz repetition rate, focused to intensities up to 2.5×1020 W cm−2. A versatile and compact solid target suitable for up to 0.05 Hz is presented which can operate in the challenging petawatt laser environment close to the laser-plasma interaction. Strips are spooled in a tape target system to deliver a solid density target to the laser focus for every shot. Results are presented for different tape materials and thicknesses, and a shot-to-shot standard deviation of the cut-off energy of 1.5% was obtained for Kapton reinforced aluminium tapes of 9 µm thickness. Experimental ion spectra are recorded by a Thomson Parabola Ion Spectrometer coupled with a scintillator screen; and an antenna array is used for the characterization of electromagnetic pulses. The results of both diagnostics show a good shot-to-shot stability of the system.

Comparative study on the results of orthodontic diagnostics by using algorithms generated by Artificial Intelligence and simple algorithms.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is computer-generated intelligence, as opposed to the natural intelligence of humans and some animals. Kaplan and Haenlein define AI as "the ability of a system to correctly interpret external data, to learn from such data and use what it has learned to achieve specific goals and tasks through a flexible adaptation". The term "artificial intelligence" is used colloquially to describe machines that mimic the "cognitive" functions that people associate with other human minds. One of the areas where technological advances have brought significant changes is orthodontics, especially in terms of diagnosis and orthodontic prediction.The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis between the results obtained by using the complete algorithms that define Artificial Intelligence and the simple algorithms of classical medical software, used in the detection of the position and shape of teeth in various orthodontic anomalies. A group of 45 patients with maxillary-dento anomalies Angle Class I (DDM with crowding and deviation of the superior inter-incisive line) was studied. Two types of algorithms were used in the study group: modern type I algorithms and simple algorithms used in classical software to detect the position of the frontal teeth. Through the symmetrical points of the face the facial axes were determined, and after the detection of the contour of each tooth the incisional curve was calculated. The median line was analyzed against the vertical axis of the face, and the incisional curve towards the horizontal axis. The study shows that AI algorithms offer an increased level of tooth position detection, compared to traditional softwares. Complex algorithms, specific to Artificial Intelligence, showed superior detection, and more stability in the analysis. Technological evolution and the development of machine learning capabilities have opened new perspectives in guiding orthodontic treatments through artificial intelligence (AI).