Regime Of Rest Research Articles

Labor intensity in context of information and communication technologies sustainable development

The information and communication technologies (ICT) impact on labor intensity is one of the actual, but understudied interdisciplinary issues of modern science and practice. Observations and analysis of labor processes in context of the ICT use point out the increase in labor intensity. The purpose of the research is to identify key sources of workers’ labor intensity growth under the ICT development, regardless of the field of professional activity. The article highlights such sources as increase in work strenuousness, growth of number of labor functions and operations, lengthening working day, and also change in work and rest regime. A special focus is on the problem of «leisure time colonization». An ∩-shaped correlation between labor intensity and productivity is presented. The general conclusion that unlimited growth of labor intensity is inconsistent with the sustainable development and effective development of human capital is made.

EXAMINATION OF WORKING CONDITIONS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES AS A COMPONENT OF THE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Formulation of the problem. At companies belonging to the pharmaceutical industry, there is an urgent need to comply with all standards of occupational safety and health. Particular attention should be paid to the influence of psychophysiological factors: labour intensity and forced working posture, as well as the monotony of work and the performance of the same type of work. The job of the dispenser requires long-term direct monitoring of the equipment, readiness for quick action. The term "operational rest" defined this functional state. And a factor of the monotony of expectation characterized too. It is no secret that the performance of monotonous work is characterized by feelings of fatigue, apathy, drowsiness and numbness; deterioration of heart rate, lower blood pressure, slowing of the alpha rhythm, decreased mus-cle tone; fluctuations in productivity, a general decrease in efficiency, reduced ability to respond to signals from environ-mental stimuli. When performing the functional duties of the dispenser, there is a lengthy performance of simple opera-tions. The content is reduced to a uniform visual control over the quality of products, as well as to work associated with long-term passive observation and limited impact on the brain of various production signals and stimuli.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze the card of the working conditions of dispensers and drug com-pilers. This study aims to develop measures to eliminate the risk of monotony.Results. Therefore, the consequences of such monotonous work can be rapid development of fatigue due to the localization of muscular and nervous loads; sedentary lifestyle; development of neuroses; dissatisfaction with work and reduced creative activity of the employee. Individual psychological characteristics of the employee have an impact on the performance of monotonous work, as well as on the development of mental states. Therefore, in the professional selection, it is necessary to take into account: the monotony of the employee. Everyone knows that people with higher mental abilities have low monostic resistance. Highly skilled workers can maintain capacity, is the ability to perform a particular type of work without erroneous actions, even under heavy and prolonged loads. A low-skilled worker cannot detect changes in monotony and falls victim to indifference.Scientific novelty. Therefore, we recommend that companies implement some measures to reduce the monotony of work, namely: setting enough speed and mode of operation (in the first 30 minutes after starting work: set the pace of the conveyor 5 - 10% below average); rationalization of work and rest regimes (recommend short breaks) (5 - 10 minutes every 2-3 hours); aestheticization of the production environment (improve the lighting of the work area); introduction of some measures on material and moral stimulation; involvement of workers in the management and solution of production problems; improve socio-psychological climate; use the opportunity to play sports and physical culture.

Assessment of motor activity of knowledge workers (on the example of employees of social service centers)

Introduction. The work of many employees in the service sector is associated with a constant stay in a forced working position sitting at the computer for up to 60-80% of the time of the entire work shift, which leads to fatigue. The rate of fatigue depends on the specifics of work: it is much more likely to occur when working with monotony, muscle tension. An important role in the appearance of fatigue is also played by the attitude of a person to the work performed. The aim of study is to study the motor activity of knowledge workers in social service centers for the development of preventive measures aimed at reducing hypokinesia and hypodynamia during the work shift. Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the study: questionnaire and working day timing, calculation methods to determine whether the actual body weight corresponds to the ideal one using the Broka’s index and the Ketle’s index. The study involved employees of the integrated social service center "Raduga" in Bugulma. Results. An assessment of the motor activity of employees of the social service center of the population was made, and it was concluded that the problem of hypokinesia and hypodynamia is relevant and significant for employees of social service centers of the population both in their daily activities and during the work shift. Most of the employees showed an increase in actual body weight compared to the ideal one, which is to some extent due to hypokinesia and hypodynamia both during the working day and at home. Conclusions. Preventive measures aimed at compliance with the principles of rational nutrition and a healthy lifestyle, work and rest regimes, high-quality preliminary and periodic medical examinations are proposed.

Musculoskeletal disorders and working risk factors.

The authors evaluate situation in the field of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and working risk factors in the Czech Republic. Analysis of selected data from the Czech National Registry of Occupational Diseases during 2008-2018, description of criteria for recognition of occupational MSDs and risk factors associated with MSDs. 6,152 cases of 6 selected recognized occupational musculoskeletal diseases represent 47% of all recognized occupational diseases. The main proportion formed diseases of peripheral nerves in the extremities in terms of compressive neuropathies due to long-term and stereotyped overload, diseases of tendons, tendon capsules or insertions of muscles or joints in the extremities due to long-term and stereotyped overload and diseases of peripheral nerves in the upper extremities in terms of ischaemic and compressive neuropathies due to work with vibrating tools and devices. The authors discussed decreasing trend of the exposure time in three main diagnoses and association of the incidence of MSDs with the risky work related to overload of the musculoskeletal system of the upper extremities. Important factors for the prevention of MSDs are directly related to the technical provision of production, the organization of work and the regime of work and rest, the length of working hours and the setting of production standards, and generally to the work related stress.

Features of modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of insomnia

Currently, insomnia is not only a medical, but also a social as well as an economic problem. Sleep disorders increase the risk of somatic, neurological and mental illnesses. The shift schedule has a significant impact on the employee’s health, increasing the risk of developing such disorders as metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension and other. As a result of sleep disturbances, lipid peroxidation processes may intensify, which can lead to the disorders described above. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of sleep disorders is an important aspect of chronic diseases diagnostics. In our opinion, it is crucial to study possible sleep disorders for their timely correction. The article discusses the features of drug and non-drug treatment of sleep disorders, as well as approaches to the primary and secondary prevention of insomnia. It is recommended to begin the treatment of sleep disorders with cognitive-behavioral therapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia typically includes psycho-education, training in relaxation techniques, stimulation limitation method, sleep limitation therapy, and cognitive therapy. When developing recreational activities for employees with a shift work schedule, attention should be paid to work and rest regimes, prevention of fatigue and obesity, and the sleep disorders treatment. Training in sleep hygiene and improving its compliance in the target groups is regarded as a method of non-pharmacological treatment of sleep disorders and a means of primary and secondary prevention of insomnia. In our opinion, further research on the features of the prevention and treatment of insomnia in various population groups is needed. Effective primary and secondary prevention of sleep disorders will reduce the risks of developing neurological, somatic and mental diseases and significantly improve the quality of life.

Artificial Intelligence In Oncology

The article presents the results of a questionnaire survey of schoolchildren about learning problems during the new type of COVID 2019 coronavirus pandemic. The author analyzes issues related to the well-being of schoolchildren, their psychological state, relationships with people around them, and motivation to study. In conclusion, the author notes the need to organize distance learning, taking into account the physiological characteristics of children, compliance with the work and rest regime.

Work and rest hours of employees

At the conference, within the framework of the occupational safety improvement program, a summary of information on all necessary breaks for employees, the organization of regulated breaks was considered, and planned changes in the legislation on work and rest regimes were discussed. Lysak Alena Petrovna, the speaker of the conference, an expert in the field of labor protection, director of the training department of SMARTA LLC, talks about the regulatory requirements and legislative initiatives.

Assessment of the health of medical students

Human health, in addition to social and spiritual well-being, is determined by its physical condition, which reflects the functional capabilities of the body, features of physical development and ensures working capacity in any activity, including academic workload, which is extremely important for students in higher educational institutions. The purpose of the study is to assess the health status of students at the School of Biomedicine of the Far Eastern Federal University. Material and methods. The health status of 184 medical students (147 young women and 37 young men) was assessed using a sociological survey (questionnaire) and a study of the component composition of the body using bioimpedancemetry. Results. The low physical activity, detected in 68% of students and bad habits (smoking tobacco) have been established to negatively affect students’ health. Among smokers, 75% of students live in dormitories on the university campus. According to the results of bioimpedancemetry, significant deviations from the age norm were noted in terms of body mass index (BMI) (50% of cases) and fat mass (FM) (71% of cases). Significant gender differences in the individual components of the body were not identified. Discussion. The most aggressive factors that significantly affect the health of students are unbalanced nutrition, lack of compliance with the regime of study and rest, lack of sleep and stay in the fresh air, lack of physical activity, lack of motivation for a healthy lifestyle. Significant deviations in BMI and FM, identified by bioimpedancemetry, indicate the risks of developing arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and nutritional status disorders. Medical students need to give recommendations for increasing motor activity and changing diet. Conclusion. The results of the study can be used in the future to determine the functional state of students and develop preventive measures to preserve the health of medical students.

Ecosistema de información relacionado con el monitoreo del estilo de vida saludable de los adultos

Este artículo analiza el problema de proporcionar a los adultos información confiable, relevante y oportuna que les permita organizar sus actividades: el régimen de trabajo y descanso de acuerdo con los objetivos de un estilo de vida saludable y la corrección de la salud. El objetivo es determinar los criterios y componentes de un recurso de información que será adecuado para los objetivos de mantener la salud de los adultos. Los enfoques principales para la investigación de los medios de comunicación de atención médica son: enfoques estructural-analíticos, orientados a la personalidad y culturales. Métodos de investigación: análisis y síntesis de la literatura científica y metodológica y el entorno de información sobre los problemas de mejora de la salud de la población y métodos de procesamiento de datos matemáticos. El artículo presenta los resultados de la determinación de los criterios para monitorear el ecosistema de información en un estilo de vida saludable, entre estos criterios se identificaron los siguientes: la validez científica de la información, la focalización, la importancia social y el diálogo. Además, se identificaron portales de datos que contribuyen a la solución de ciertas tareas de mejora de la salud de la población adulta. Los autores diseñaron e implementaron el portal informativo y educativo "3 jóvenes" que está dirigido a la implementación integrada de las necesidades básicas de mejora de la salud de la población adulta, teniendo en cuenta la interconexión de los componentes de salud: física, mental y social. Se presentan y discuten los resultados que prueban la efectividad del uso del portal de los autores para garantizar un estilo de vida saludable para los adultos. El artículo será útil para adultos que desean llevar un estilo de vida saludable con el apoyo de los recursos de información, maestros y formadores que trabajan con personas de edad madura. Este artículo también es útil para los maestros de la Facultad de Educación Física que planean promover un estilo de vida saludable entre las diferentes categorías de edad. El portal también será útil en el sistema de educación profesional adicional de instructores y entrenadores de fitness. La novedad de la investigación del autor consiste en la aplicación de enfoques metodológicos y criterios con base científica para monitorear el ecosistema de información relacionado con la organización de un estilo de vida saludable para adultos; en el desarrollo y prueba de un portal de información que resuelve un complejo de tareas para garantizar un estilo de vida saludable para los adultos

Some aspects of the population's lifestyle in the far Eastern Federal district

Competent perception by the population of the components of a healthy lifestyle and strict observance of its basic tenets leads to better health and increased life. However, the isolation and remoteness of some subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District affects the way of life of people. In this regard, there is a need to study the lifestyle of the population in the region. The article presents the results studies of lifestyle in the Far Eastern Federal District, obtained through a survey of the population of various age groups using a questionnaire specially developed by the authors. The development of the questionnaire was aimed at including in it the main components of a healthy lifestyle: rational nutrition; full sleep, including sleep hygiene; compliance with the regime of work and rest; compliance with hygiene standards and rules; rejection of bad habits; dosed physical activity; psychological comfort. After analyzing the results of the survey, it was found that than half of the respondents (53.4 %) did not consider it important to adhere to the principles of a healthy lifestyle, and those respondents who, according to the questionnaire, lead a healthy lifestyle, did not indicate all of its components. Based on the results of the study, the authors formulated conclusions about the possible reasons for non-compliance by the population with the principles of commitment to a healthy lifestyle. It is necessary to continuously conduct educational work with the population on issues of strengthening the principles and the formation of healthy lifestyle skills. The materials will be useful to municipal authorities involved in the preservation of public health, as well as to all those interested in the problems of sociology of health preservation of public health, as well as to all those interested in the problems of sociology of health.

FUNCTIONAL STATE OF OMON FIGHTERS BEFORE AND AFTER TRIP

Introduction. The study of the physiological status of representatives of power structures at different stages of service is very relevant.Purpose: a comprehensive assessment of the functional state of the body of OMON fighters before and after a 4-month business trip on perform a special task associated with health and life risks. Materials and methods. 34 OMON fighters of the Komi Republic were examined before the trip and after a 4-month trip to the North Caucasus, where they constantly experienced stress. To assess the functional state of the body, a complex of anthropometric, physiometric, psychophysiological, physiological and biochemical studies was used.Results and its discussion. Before the trip, the fighters showed an increase in the time of the visuomotor reaction, the index of functional changes, the myocardium index, the centralization index, the activity index of regulatory systems, blood pressure indicators and other changes that indicate the activation of free radical oxidation processes, and the appearance in individuals of prenosological and even premorbid conditions. In most of the examined patients, a shift in the autonomic balance was found towards strengthening the sympathetic link in the regulation of heart rhythm. Hypovitaminosis was found in many fighters. After a trip, the functional state deteriorated in most indicators (increased blood pressure, personal anxiety, cholesterol, etc., decreased life index and hemoglobin content, etc.) and the number of people with depleted regulatory systems almost doubled.Conclusion. In general, the body of OMON fighters experiences increased functional stress with signs of obvious stress both before a trip to an area dangerous for health and life, and in the first days after returning to places of permanent residence in the North. In this regard, they need additional health and rehabilitation measures related to optimization of the regime of work and rest, activation of physical education, rationalization of nutrition and strengthening the work on the psychological impact.

Regulation of telework in Russia and foreign countries

The article analyzes the legislative approaches to the regulation of telework in Russia, the United States, and the countries of the European and Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The authors systematized the main issues of the Telework Enhancement Act, the Telework Framework Agreement, and the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and countries of the EAEU. The comparison made it possible to conclude that the norms of Russian labor law significantly lag behind European and American legislation. The regulation of telework in the Russian Federation consists of a certain framework, without a legal resolution of many important issues. The norms of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation are focused on procedural issues rather than on guarantees and compensation for employees. The authors investigated the level of labor guarantees for teleworkers in Russia and also carried out a comparison of social protection, which highlighted the reasons for the proliferation of “gray” employment schemes. The key problems of telework regulation in Russia are the absence of the obligation of the employer to compensate the employee for the costs of equipment and communication, reduced responsibility and duties of the employer in terms of labor protection, adherence to the work and rest regime, imperfection of the rules governing dismissal. In order to improve the Russian legislation, the possibilities of securing the preferential right of certain categories of individuals to enter into an agreement on teleworking, establishing the employer’s obligation to compensate employee expenses caused by teleworking are considered. The necessity for increasing the work on raising the level of the legal culture of citizens on the part of educational institutions and trade unions is justified. The regulation of telework in Russia needs to be gradually improved on the basis of an analysis of Russian law enforcement practices and foreign experience.

ДИСТАНЦИОННАЯ ЗАНЯТОСТЬ: СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ

The object of the research is the features of the development of distance employment in the modern Russian economy. The aim of the work is to analyze the impact of distance employment on the labor market and identify the main directions of its transformation. The authors used the methods of critical analysis of scientific and methodical literature, statistical and empirical methods. revealed the advantages of using distance employment for employers, as well as a number of problems related to information and communication support for the activities of remote workers, the use of their own means of production, digital inequality among different age groups of the population and between regions The authors note the excessive state regulation of this category of employed in the public sector by the state and come to the conclusion that the lack of scientific study of its main definitions has a negative impact on the study of distance employment and its impact on the labor market. There are problems in the legal regulation of distance employment associated with the use of workers' own means of production, the regulation of work and rest regimes, and safety measures. There is no statistical record of this category of workers. Since the indicators and characteristics of the Russian labor market have worsened during the pandemic, it is necessary to develop measures to promote employment of the population and transform its structure, considering the requirements of digitalization and optimization of the Russian economy. The obtained theoretical and practical results of the research can be used in the development and implementation of employment policies by federal and regional authorities, as well as applied in the collective and contractual regulation of social and labor relations.

Complex of measures to reduce noise on the environment and power plant personnel

The article considers the sources of noise that have a negative effect on the electrician of the power plant, as well as on the environment. The analysis showed that noise is the main harmful production factor that adversely affects the working conditions of an electrician. In the course of the study, a set of measures to reduce the impact of industrial noise on the worker and the environment, including the installation of silencers, was proposed. The material used for the manufacture of the silencer, which can significantly reduce the level of industrial noise, was proposed. Recommendations for adjusting the work and rest regime were developed, and more effective personal protective equipment for an electrician was selected..

Проблемы правового регулирования труда педагогических работников в условиях пандемии COVID -19

Labor relations between teachers and administration of general educational institutions of public education in conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic are studied. The analysis of labor legislation norms, devoted to the organization of teachers’ distance work, is carried out. The legal issues of the regime of work and rest, the amount of wages, the procedure of providing the employee with the necessary technical means, the amount of compensation to teachers for the use of personal property, etc. are considered.

СТАН СФОРМОВАНОСТІ ВАЛЕОЛОГІЧНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ СТУДЕНТІВ-МЕДИКІВ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

У статті теоретично обґрунтовано суть поняття «валеологічна компетентність». Виявлено, що майбутні медики дуже добре обізнані із шляхами саморегуляції власного здоров’я та утвердження здорового способу життя, чітко усвідомлюють необхідність фізичного самовдосконалення та ведення здорового способу життя; розуміють потребу дотримуватись режиму роботи й відпочинку та їх вплив на працездатність людини. Доведено, що майбутні лікарі ознайомлені з основними факторами впливу навколишнього середовища на здоров’я людини. Однак, з-поміж майбутніх фахівців виявлено таких, котрі частково обізнані з проектуванням сукупності заходів з утвердження здорового способу життя в сім’ї та різних соціальних закладах, і їм не вистачає знань щодо прогнозування стану індивідуального та суспільного здоров’я.
 Ми впевнились, що домінуючими для майбутніх лікарів є змістовне життя, повноцінне харчування, заняття спортом та саморозвиток і самовдосконалення. Пріоритетними для більшої частини опитаних залишаються здоров’я, сім’я, кар’єра, кохання і освіта. Надзвичайно важливим молодь вважає збереження здоров’я і чітко усвідомлює, що цьому, беззаперечно, сприятиме її спосіб життя. Майбутні лікарі проявили зацікавленість до формування вмінь щодо використання прийомів контролю за власним здоров’ям та методики прогнозування здоров’я, тривалості життя, що сприятиме підвищенню рівня здоров’я, корекції власного способу життя та життєвих цінностей майбутніх пацієнтів. Респонденти вважають, що для пропаганди валеологічної освіти доцільно використовувати лекції, тренінги, індивідуальні бесіди з пацієнтами, що стануть ефективним засобом для формування валеологічної обізнаності, а також науково-практичні конференції та круглі столи.

A Statistical Description of Particle Motion and Rest Regimes in Open‐Channel Flows Under Low Bedload Transport

AbstractIn the last decade several efforts were devoted to model sediment‐particle transport in rivers as a stochastic process. Experimental observations are therefore needed to validate these models and to provide the correct probability distribution of selected stochastic variables. The kinematics of sand particles is investigated here using nonintrusive imaging to provide a statistical description of bedload transport under incipient motion conditions. In particular, we focus on the alternation between motion (particle steps) and rest regimes to quantify the probabilistic distribution of the particles waiting time, which is suggested by many studies to be responsible for anomalous diffusion. The probability distributions of the particle step time and step length, streamwise and spanwise velocities, acceleration, and waiting time are quantified experimentally. Results suggest that variables describing the particle motion regime are thin‐tailed distributed, whereas the waiting times exhibit a power law distribution. A specific class of waiting times during which the grain is observed to oscillate without a net displacement is classified as active and is analyzed separately from the other, so‐called deep waiting times. The experimental results, obtained under five different transport conditions, describe grain‐scale kinematics and dynamics at different wall shear stress. They provide both a benchmark data set for validating particle‐transport numerical simulation and critical input parameters for the stochastic modeling of bedload transport.

Optimization of the Work of Road Transport With the Help of Navigation Equipment on the Example of the Branch of “Mostostroy-11”, JSC, TF “Mostootryad-36”

The article deals with the control of fuel consumption in automotive engineering with the help of navigation equipment. As a result of the experiment on trucks VOLVO FMX 6x4 and Mercedes-Benz Actros 3346S it was found out that the actual fuel consumption is 2-16% lower than the standard. Thus, using the complex of navigation equipment in transport of the company allows not only to significantly reduce fuel costs, but also to optimize control over road flight performance, and also the regime of work and rest of the drivers. As a result of the economic calculation, it was established that the equipment costs are paid off in less than 1 month.

The healthy life-style: attitude of population and priority directions

The Moscow residents are prone to lead a healthy lifestyle (29% follow most principles of a healthy lifestyle and 56% follow some of them). During the study six main aspects of a healthy lifestyle were selected and described in detail from the perspective of Muscovites' self-assessment. Factor analysis revealed two types of behavior that characterize attitudes toward a healthy lifestyle by Muscovites: an "active healthy lifestyle" (nutrition, physical activity, work and rest regime) and a "passive healthy lifestyle" (attitudes towards smoking and alcohol). The mental health factor was examined separately. Statistical analysis of the data showed that the respondents well-being is primarily related to sport and ability to cope with stress (p<0,001). The study also identified risk groups for each aspect of a healthy lifestyle based on differences in the main socio-demographic characteristics. Additionally, the aspect of rational medical behavior was analyzed. The analysis showed that not enough attention is paid to this aspect. The results of the study can be considered in developing priority directions of work in the field of the formation of a healthy lifestyle. The specificity of the approach taken in this study is that recommendations are based on determining the main aspects of a healthy lifestyle and their interrelation, as well as discovering risk groups for each of them and their connection to health self-assessment.

Interns’ Participation in the Work in “Children’s Health School” as a Method of Teaching and Educational Process

The long-term observations of leading endocrinologists, cardiologists, and gastroenterologists all over the world have shown that the quality of medical care and the level of the patient’s knowledge about alimentary-dependent diseases significantly affect their course and prognosis. As a part of the classes at the Children’s Health School, the interns of the 1st and 2nd years of study give interactive classes for the child patients and their parents on the prevention of diseases and the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, namely nutrition, physical activity, psychological health, work and rest regimes, personal hygiene, etc. Taking into account the conducted classes, such training can be argued to be useful and necessary both for children for the purpose of obtaining new educational knowledge and for interns in order to learn and develop communicative skills.