Responsible Way Research Articles

Phenomenology

Phenomenology is the contemplative study of human experience. It refers to a philosophical framework as well as a methodology that can inform educational practice and research. It seeks to reveal and understand how phenomena may be experienced as they are actually lived in the everyday world, or what some phenomenologists refer to as the lifeworld. Phenomenological philosophy suggests that everything in the lifeworld is inextricably connected in a social context, and so phenomenology aims to be more attentive to such meaningful connections—or intentional relations—within lived experiences and to illuminate them as a means to deeply understand the experience of the phenomenon under focus. Phenomenology can support all aspects of education by increasing sensitivity toward the many processes and practices it involves. When used as a naturalistic research methodology with qualitative methods of data collection and analysis, it can provide authentic insight for educators to use educational technologies in ethical and socially responsible ways.

Netiquette and Ethics Regarding Digital Education Across Institutions: A Narrative Review

Information Technology (IT) has made rapid advancement since the turn of this century. Ergo the scope and extent of IT has also grown, resulting in increase in the number of internet users, who have differing reasons for using the IT resources. The users of this IT revolution include students worldwide; who interact with technology based on their needs, with relative ease and have found the whole experience enriching. Progress in IT has not only changed the way humans interact with technology but has also influenced the way of interaction between the people. The interaction online is mostly informal and comes without set guidelines and compounded with the relative anonymity provided by internet, also it has complicated an individual’s ability to interact in a respectful and responsible way. The problems relating to internet safety arise from such interactions. Flame wars and cyberbullying are some of the other risky behavioural interactions displayed online and can lead to severe consequences. The unethical use of IT resources in the form of plagiarism, piracy, identity theft etc also questions the moral of an individual. Whilst there may be some idea, multitude of issues regarding Netiquette and ethical use of IT resources are often poorly understood and the knowledge imparted is also fragmented. Moreover, contemporary educators are much in need of such information. Thus, there is a need to include and summarise current priority areas that relate to etiquette and ethics in digital education.

SOCIAL MEDIA AND DIGITAL FUTURES IN INDIAN COVID – 19 ERA

The present paper addresses the importance of Social Media platforms during pandemic. It has been discussed as to how social media platforms have been a key piece for the dissemination of information as never in human history earlier, it has been possible to communicate so quickly. Its usage has shown to increase in situations of natural disaster and other crises. Responsible use of these tools can help quickly disseminate important new information, relevant new scientific findings, share diagnostic, treatment, and follow-up protocols, as well as compare different approaches globally, removing geographic boundaries for the first time in history. Through social media communication, the scientific community got enabled to collaborate, coordinate research and knowledge, around the globe in a faster way and enhance their capabilities to make a more resilient community. Following the descriptive methodology, paper attempts to list out the points as to how during the 2020 global pandemic, social media has become an ally but also a potential threat and how effective as a tool it is during present pandemic. How effectively social media is circulating the most important findings of a disease, with a decreased knowledge transition time to other healthcare providers (HCPs) is documented in detail in the paper. It is further documented as to how the high volumes of information compressed into a short period can result in overwhelmed HCPs trying to discern fact from noise. For the ease in practice and in the research, to use these tools in a responsible and useful way, it is recommended to follow some basic guidelines when sharing information on social networks in the COVID-19 era. In this paper, we summarize the most relevant information on the influence, advantages, and disadvantages of the use of social networks during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the present study deals with the importance of digital space and the impact of digitization to deal with the health crisis and economic crises in tandem. Further the paper attempts to list down the key issues that are important for research and practice and concludes that there is an opportunity to grow as a digital scientific community as well as the digital lay public by equipping them with the required resources and accesses to deal with the post COVID -19 scenario which is a digital form of present scenario.

Trends of bioderived carbonaceous materials for futuristic biomedical applications

Global concerns about energy, environment and human health have sparked research into new materials and methods for conserving energy, enhancing the sustainability of the ecosystem, and enhancing human health. As a result of the current biological and environmental crises, researchers are scrambling to find ecologically responsible ways to get cheap and sustainable resources to produce new functional materials. To combat numerous illnesses that affect people and animals, scientists from across the globe are studying new forms of bioderived nanomaterials for biomedical applications. One of the interesting possibilities for biomedical and related applications is bioderived carbonaceous nanomaterials (Bd-CNMs). The biological features of Bd-CNMs, including their facile functionalization, drug loading capacity, biocompatibility, and other attributes, have drawn the attention of many researchers. Thus, the important objective of this featured article is to summarize the most recent developments in the usage of Bd-CNMs for various biomedical applications, which will be followed by a discussion on the utility of carbonaceous nanoparticles in biomedical research to show how versatile they are in many domains.

Transizione ecologica e nuove generazioni: il ruolo della famiglia nella promozione della sostenibilità in un’ottica inclusiva e interculturale

Starting from a reflection on the emergencies caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, the article analyzes the role of the sustainability in education, based on the international recommendations and documents in this sense. Today more than ever it makes it necessary to live our common good world, promoting an ecological transition towards more inclusive, democratic and resilient communities.To achieve such a condition, it is necessary to invest in the training of future citizens. The family, as an educational agency, is called in this sense to support the new generations in the acquisition of a sustainability mindset and a planetary awareness that can help them interact in a conscious, responsible and reflective way in the current global world.

Responsible Leadership Fuels Innovative Behavior: The Mediating Roles of Socially Responsible Human Resource Management and Organizational Pride.

Leaders are under increasing pressure to inspire innovative endeavors in responsible ways. However, whether and how responsible leadership can fuel employee innovative behavior remains unknown. Therefore, drawing on social identity theory and social exchange theory, this study aims to investigate the psychological mechanisms underlying the responsible leadership-innovative behavior relationship. Multi-phase data were collected from 280 employees working in Chinese manufacturing firms to test the hypotheses using hierarchical regression analyses and the bootstrap method. The results reveal that responsible leadership is positively related to innovative behavior. Additionally, perceived socially responsible human resource management (HRM) and organizational pride separately and sequentially mediate the responsible leadership-innovative behavior relationship. This study empirically reveals the effectiveness of responsible leadership and sheds new light on the psychological processes through which it facilitates innovative behavior, revealing the generalizability of responsible leadership and innovative behavior in the Chinese context. Moreover, we respond to the call for incorporating leadership theory into HRM research and further advance the existing knowledge on both antecedents and outcomes of socially responsible HRM. For practical guidance, organizations are encouraged to foster innovation through investment in responsible management practices. Research limitations and implications are also discussed.

Judith N. Shklar on disobedience and obligation in a “society of strangers”

Judith N. Shklar on disobedience and obligation in a “society of strangers”

A Cost Modelling System for Recycling Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Composites.

Cost-effective and environmentally responsible ways of carbon fiber-reinforced composite (CFRP) recycling are increasingly important, owing to the rapidly increasing use of these materials in many industries such as the aerospace, automotive and energy sectors. Product designers need to consider the costs associated with manufacturing and the end-of-life stage of such materials to make informed decisions. They also need to understand the current methods of composite recycling and disposal and their impact on the end-of-life costs. A comprehensive literature review indicated that there is no such tool to estimate CFRP recycling costs without any prior knowledge and expertise. Therefore, this research paper proposed a novel knowledge-based system for the cost modelling of recycling CFRP that does not require in-depth knowledge from a user. A prototype of a cost estimation system has been developed based on existing CFRP recycling techniques such as mechanical recycling, pyrolysis, fluidized bed, and supercritical water. The proposed system has the ability to select the appropriate recycling techniques based on a user’s needs with the help of an optimization module based on the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Estimating recycling costs has taken into consideration various factors such as different material types in different industries, transportation, and dismantling costs. The developed system can be employed to support early-stage designers and decision-making stakeholders in terms of understanding and predicting recycling costs easily and quickly.

Reconfigurations in couple construction: analysis of the existential continuum in women


 
 
 
 
 
 The dialogic exchange from digital media marks one of the main spaces for couple building. Thus, this article seeks to understand the experiences of women in the process of couple building from the existential continuum and discontinuum, given the absence of information on women's experiences in couple building today. The development of the same is framed in the qualitative-phenomenological methodology, describing the subjective and intersubjective accounts of women between 20 and 32 years old, responding to the question "How are couple relationships constructed nowadays from an existential point of view? As a result, two questions are answered: What would be the present causes that maintain the way of existing of women in the process of building a couple, and what would be, from the results found, the way of existing that allows acting in a reflexive and responsible way?
 
 
 
 
 

Information and communication technologies, their impact on the teaching-learning process

Information and communication technologies allow human beings to develop their usual activities in less time, especially allowing teachers to carry out innovative educational activities. The objective of this research is to analyze the technological tools and their impact on the teaching-learning process of the “Aurelio Salazar” Educational Unit. The qualitative method was applied to study the depth levels of the teaching process, the inductive-deductive method to be able to deduce from what was studied the behavior of this methodology and its incidence in education, the bibliographic review. As an innovation of the teacher, there is the adoption of new technologies as an educational tool to achieve the realization of activities, managing to develop new knowledge and significant experiences for the student. It was obtained as a result that the PBL is one of the methodologies most used by teachers, which allows them to specify activities and projects with the help of technological tools, allowing them to effectively develop the skills of students, acquiring experiences that allow them to solve problems in your community in a responsible way, always practicing ethical and moral values.

Acceptance of Sexual Interest in Minors in Self-Referred Individuals Under Treatment – An Exploratory Pilot Study

Some therapists/scientists argue that “acceptance” of sexual interest in minors (SIM), i.e., the integration of the sexual preference into the individual self-concept, is a prerequisite for dealing with SIM in a responsible way. However, if one assumes that – even in some persons – SIM might change over time, “acceptance” could also run counter to therapeutic targets because the motivation to change as well as the specific self-efficacy for modifying SIM might be reduced. This exploratory pilot study analyzes the relationship between acceptance of SIM and (1) dynamic risk for contact sexual reoffending, (2) SIM and frequency of the use of child/adolescent (sexual abuse) imagery, (3) frequency of sexual desire/behavior toward children/adolescents, and (4) the change of the level of acceptance of SIM during the course of treatment. The majority of the participants (N = 79) was not exclusively interested in children (85%) and used child pornography but did not commit child sexual abuse (54%). Acceptance of SIM, frequency of the use of child/adolescent (sexual abuse) imagery and frequency of sexual desire/behavior toward children/adolescents are assessed via self-report questionnaires, dynamic risk for contact sexual reoffending is measured by STABLE-2007. Pretreatment data are analyzed via Spearman’s correlation (N = 79). Intragroup analysis compares acceptance of SIM from pre- and posttreatment (n = 35). There was no correlation between acceptance of SIM and dynamic risk for contact sexual reoffending. However, there was a medium, positive correlation between acceptance of SIM and the frequency of the use of legal imagery of children, a positive correlation between the item “My inclination is an integral part of my personality” and the frequency of the use of legal imagery of children, and a positive correlation between acceptance of SIM and the frequency of sexual activities with minors. Acceptance of SIM did not change during the course of treatment. The results suggest that “acceptance” of SIM has to be discussed in a differentiated way, i.e., as possibly being associated with positive and negative outcomes as well.

The development of a morality against power abuse: The case of bribery.

In three experiments, we presented children and adults with opportunities to condemn acts resembling bribery, a prevalent form of power abuse. Adults and children (N = 333) in the United States rated the acceptability of actions by contest judges. Judges used their position in a self-serving (e.g., accepted or requested gifts from contestants prior to picking winners) versus responsible (e.g., rejected gifts, accepted gifts after judging) way. Across experiments, children by age 10 gave harsher ratings to judges who accepted or requested gifts prior to selecting the contest winners. Further, children expected judges to become biased (Experiment 1) and secretive (Experiment 2) if they accepted gifts during the contest. Children's judgments were influenced by characters' authority level (Experiment 3) and varied as a function of age and modality of assessment (e.g., whether gifts were accepted vs. rejected). Taken together, these results constitute evidence that by late childhood people showcase an emerging moral stance against unethical actions linked to authority-based corruption. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Reviving the Archives. The Researcher as Artist and the Artist as Researcher

"How to make the archives live again for a contemporary audience? Based on the writings of a famous historian, Arlette Farge, and on my own experience in working with archives I am arguing in this article that the archive researcher should take inspiration from artistic creativity and artists should pay more attention to the scholar dimension of their research, while both need to understand they are accountable to the next generations for which they need to re-write the historical narrative in a responsible way, as close to the truth as possible. Keywords: archival research, Farge (Arlette), reviving heritage, performing arts, historical narrative "

Ethical AI for Automated Bus Lane Enforcement

There is an explosion of camera surveillance in our cities today. As a result, the risks of privacy infringement and erosion are growing, as is the need for ethical solutions to minimise the risks. This research aims to frame the challenges and ethics of using data surveillance technologies in a qualitative social context. A use case is presented which examines the ethical data required to automatically enforce bus lanes using camera surveillance and proposes ways of minimising the risks of privacy infringement and erosion in that scenario. What we seek to illustrate is that there is a challenge in using technologies in positive, socially responsible ways. To do that, we have to better understand the use case and not just the present, but also the downstream risks, and the downstream ethical questions. There is a gap in the literature in this aspect as well as a gap in the actual thinking of researchers in terms of understanding and responding to it. A literature review and detailed risk analysis of automated bus lane enforcement is conducted. Based on this, an ethical design framework is proposed and applied to the use case. Several potential solutions are created and described. The final chosen solution may also be broadly applicable to other use cases. We show how it is possible to provide an ethical AI solution for detecting infringements that incorporates privacy-by-design principles, while being fair to potential transgressors. By introducing positive, pragmatic and adaptable methods to support and uphold privacy, we support access to innovation that can help us mitigate current emerging risks.

Opportunities and barriers faced by early-career civil engineers enacting global responsibility

ABSTRACT The term ‘global responsibility’ projects a holistic sense of ethics, sustainability, and obligation. To achieve the long-term viability of human life on Earth, civil engineering must be conducted in increasingly responsible ways, and civil engineers must value and enact global responsibility in their work. Interviews conducted with nine civil engineers in London provide insight regarding engineers’ familiarity with the term, how they learned about it, what opportunities and barriers they face, and what might be done by professional and educational institutions to help them practice more responsibly. Results indicate: the term itself is novel but underlying concepts are not; continuing professional development has played a crucial role in their understanding; material selection and Health & Safety represent primary avenues for contributing responsibly at work. This paper provides advice to professional institutions regarding transparencies, procedures, and metrics to enhance the UK workplace and ideas for educational institutions preparing engineering students for practice.

Ensuring Effective Public Health Communication: Insights and Modeling Efforts From Theories of Behavioral Economics, Heuristics, and Behavioral Analysis for Decision Making Under Risk.

Public health (PH) messaging can have an enormous impact on shaping how individuals within society behave, and can ensure it is in a safe and responsible way, consistent with up-to-date evidence-based PH guidelines. If done effectively, messaging can save lives and improve the health of those within society. However, unfortunately, those within Government PH bodies typically have little training about how to effectively represent PH messages in a way that is consistent with psychological theories of cognitive bias, in order to avoid cognitively biasing the public through their messages. As a result of this, inadequate representation of PH messages can result, which can often lead to cognitive bias in those from the public who read or listen to the message information. This can lead to poor decision making of the pubic as a whole, which can then further lead to harm and even death of public members as a result of these poor decisions. One way to minimize the problem of bias in decision making is to explore psychology theories that model how bias can occur from PH messaging, and identify ways in which PH agencies can utilize such approaches to improve the effectiveness of their messages. Previous focus has been largely on behavioral economic theories, however, here, other accounts are offered in addition to these. These include theories of heuristics and theories from the behavior analysis domain, which may increase the predictive power of modeling bias, and have applications for how best to represent PH message information which minimize bias.

Perceptions of Race and Ancestry in Teaching, Research, and Public Engagement in Biological Anthropology

The concept of race has a complex history in the field of biological anthropology. Despite increased recognition of the racist origins of the discipline, there remains little agreement about what the concept means, how it is used, or how it is discussed. This study presents the results of a survey of biological anthropologists to investigate the relationship of biological anthropologists with race and ancestry. The survey focuses on the areas of research, public engagement, and teaching as related to these concepts. Results indicate that a large majority of biological anthropologists agree that race (as a social not biological concept) is separate from ancestry. The majority of respondents agreed that ancestry categories should be based on geography (e.g., Asian, European, and African), and more anthropologists thought the terms “Hispanic” and “Latino” were inappropriate ancestry categories. While most respondents felt that discussions of these terms were not matters of “political correctness,” nearly a quarter of respondents suggested that concerns over the moral and ethical implications of research (e.g., photos, terminology, and ancestry) result in the silencing of anthropological research. Overwhelmingly, respondents felt that anthropologists have a responsibility to ensure the avoidance of misappropriation of their work by race science and by white nationalists/supremacists. Some differences in survey responses were found relating to respondents’ subdiscipline, educational level, location, age, self-identified racial/ethnic categories, and gender. In regard to teaching, survey results indicate that these concepts are minimally covered in university classrooms. When taught, topics focus on the colonialist/racist history of anthropology, the presence of white privilege/supremacy, and racism. Based on the results of this survey, the authors argue for greater public engagement on these concepts, a standardized system of teaching race and ancestry, and a disciplinary conversation about practice and terminology. In this way, biological anthropologists can best place themselves to combat racism in a socially responsible way.

COVID-19 pandemic-related transition to telehealth in child and adolescent mental health.

IntroductionThis article explores one mental health company's urgent response to the global COVID‐19 pandemic, and the multifaceted implications of quickly transitioning to telehealth services.ObjectivesThe purpose of this article is to share information with interdisciplinary professionals about the planning, implementation, and results of transitioning to telehealth services during a pandemic.ProceduresWe compiled practice‐related data regarding company attendance rates and customer and employee satisfaction with telehealth. Data include feedback from more than 40 clinicians and 60 families.ResultsThe data suggest there are both benefits and limitations to engaging in telehealth services within a mental health company. Attendance rates increased dramatically, engagement improved with adolescents but proved challenging with the younger children. Telehealth helped overcome many typical barriers to mental health treatment. Concerns remain regarding confidentiality, assessment of abuse and neglect, and ability to read nonverbal social cues.ConclusionFamilies and practitioners experienced the convenience and benefits of telehealth but also expressed concerns over certain limitations. Finding a responsible way to incorporate telehealth into practice postpandemic is a priority for mental health practitioners, both now and in the immediate future.

Editor's Spotlight/Take 5: How Large a Study Is Needed to Detect TKA Revision Rate Reductions Attributable to Robotic or Navigated Technologies? A Simulation-based Power Analysis.

Editor's Spotlight/Take 5: How Large a Study Is Needed to Detect TKA Revision Rate Reductions Attributable to Robotic or Navigated Technologies? A Simulation-based Power Analysis.

The need for a portfolio of solutions rooted in common messaging to facilitate negative emissions science

The need for a portfolio of solutions rooted in common messaging to facilitate negative emissions science