Staff Responsibilities Research Articles

An investigation of coaches’ awareness of injury in elite adolescent rugby union in Northern Irish schools - A qualitative study

ObjectivesTo examine the decision-making processes employed by schools' Rugby coaches in the management of injured players and to explore the factors that influenced those decisions. A secondary objective was to gauge interest in an education focused toolkit for schools' Rugby coaches. DesignA qualitative study using one-to-one online interviews. SettingSchools who compete in the Ulster Schools' Cup Rugby competition. ParticipantsEleven Rugby union coaches from four post primary schools. Outcome measuresA thematic analysis approach was used to examine the factors that influence schools' Rugby coaches' decision-making processes in the management of injured players. ResultsFindings suggest coaches are influenced in their decision making by four primary factors: their experience and learning, their relationships with other stakeholders, their knowledge and understanding of the roles and responsibilities of medical staff, healthcare and health fitness professionals, and resources available to them. ConclusionsSchools' Rugby coaches play a significant role in the supervision of injured adolescent Rugby players, often drawing from their playing and coaching experiences. Schools retain, or recommend the services, of healthcare professionals (HCPs) and health and fitness professionals (HFPs). The role of these healthcare and health and fitness professionals, along with their qualifications and experience is not fully understood by coaches. Coaches acknowledge that there is a need for further training and would welcome education initiatives aimed at increasing awareness of musculoskeletal injury in schoolboy Rugby players.

Creating Evidence Driven Practices to Enhance Human Care Services for Unhoused and Low-Income Pet Owners

Background: Seattle Veterinary Outreach, a nonprofit organization providing free and sliding-scale veterinary services to those experiencing homelessness and low-income residents of the Seattle Washington Puget Sound area, began operations in 2019. A key premise of the organization is that offering veterinary services creates a trusting relationship with pet owners that fosters guiding human clients toward obtaining services for their own health and well-being [1]. Pet owners face significant barriers to obtaining care for themselves due to the lack of pet-friendly housing, shelter, and medical care clinics [2]. Methods: To support this vision, SVO partners with human care service providers to co-locate, allowing for pet-friendly access to needed services. Up until now, the decision about partners has been made based on immediate needs, circumstances, and availability. The purpose of this study was to develop a data-driven process that would assist in identifying the type of human care services needed, create a ranking system to assist in securing these services and identify partners that can co-locate with SVO mobile clinics to address human care needs. Relying on data collected by SVO staff and volunteers and incorporating attributes of potential partners into the discussion, a data-driven process for partner outreach was created. Results: A new process was created that is currently in use and will be incorporated into staff responsibilities. Conclusion: The new process offers an opportunity to ensure that the needs of pet owners are being best served.

Provision of postpartum long-acting reversible contraception: A quality improvement intervention with pre- and postintervention evaluation.

Background. Unintended pregnancies remain an important health challenge in South Africa (SA) and worldwide. Improving access to contraception and long-acting reversible contraception in particular, may reduce the number of unintended pregnancies.Objective. To determine the impact of a training and supportive mentoring programme on postpartum uptake of long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods.Methods. A quality-of-care improvement intervention with pre- and post-intervention evaluation of LARC uptake was conductedat a midwife-led, on-site obstetric unit in the Eastern Cape, SA. Midwives were trained in contraceptive counselling and postpartum etonorgestrel implant insertion. The researcher provided counselling and postpartum intrauterine device (IUD) insertion services.Results. In the 10 weeks prior to the intervention, neither the IUD nor the implant were provided in the unit. In the 10 weeks after the intervention, uptake of the IUD was n=27/289 (9.3%) and the implant n=21/289 (7.3%). Use of no contraception or condoms increased from n=22/273 (8.1%) to n=41/289 (14.2%) (p<0.02). The increase was accounted for by a change in staff in the last 4 weeks of the intervention period (n=33/105 (31.4%) v. n=8/184 (4.4%) during the first 6 weeks; p<0.00).Conclusion. Competing responsibilities of maternity staff may limit the contraceptive options offered to postpartum women. Aprogramme of training and supportive supervision resulted in a substantial increase in levels of LARC uptake. Strategies are needed to institutionalise comprehensive postpartum contraceptive provision nationally.

On the Application of Performance Management in Human Resource Management of Modern Enterprises

Entering the stage of social and economic construction and development in the new era, the market competition of 
 modern enterprises is becoming more and more fierce, so it is necessary to strengthen the scientific management of enterprises. 
 Using performance appraisal methods to manage enterprise human resources needs to specify the necessary performance appraisal 
 contents, establish appraisal standards, allocate necessary staff and implement responsibilities, so as to reflect the actual effect of 
 performance appraisal management.

The COVID-19 pandemic and sleep medicine: a look back and a look ahead.

Khosla S, Beam E, Berneking M, etal. The COVID-19 pandemic and sleep medicine: a look back and a look ahead. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(8):2045-2050.

"I'll leave that to the case managers." Healthcare Service Providers' Perceptions of Organizational Readiness for Change in a Randomized Controlled Trial-A Qualitative Analysis Exploring Implementation Success.

Up to 50% of unsuccessful implementations of organizational change are due to a lack of organizational readiness for change (ORC). This qualitative study aims to investigate the experiences of occupational physicians (OPs) and staff of test and training centers (ETTCs) with team effectiveness in the context of ORC. The change setting is the implementation of a new occupational health program in a multicentric randomized controlled trial for musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in Germany. Two rounds of expert interviews with OPs (1st round: n = 10, 2nd round: n = 13) and one round of expert interviews with ETTCs (n = 9) were conducted and analyzed with a deductive–inductive procedure. The focus of the analysis was the assessment of change commitment and change efficacy, as well as their influence on general ORC on a collective level according to Weiner’s model (2009). Differential critical assessment of change by the care providers led to a missing collective change commitment and consequently to a missing organizational change commitment. Main inhibiting factors include lacking feedback about (e.g., recruitment) success, limited time resources of and narrow communication between responsible study staff, along with a low rate of utilization and limited adherence of the study population. Main facilitators include standardized procedures and documentation along with easy-access digital tools. Researchers may use the findings to improve the development of new intervention studies, especially in a randomized setting.

Attitudes, Barriers, Motivations to Sun Protection in Reunion Island's Schools: Qualitative Study.

The incidence of melanoma in Reunion Island is on the rise and is now one of the highest worldwide. Although the main risk factor of melanoma is sun exposure during childhood, sun protection measures remain insufficient in Reunionese schools. From November 2019 to November 2020, we conducted a qualitative study to explore the attitudes, barriers, and motivations to sun protection among the main actors of children’s protection in Reunion Island. Individual semi-directive interviews were performed with 14 children aged 6 to 10 years, 13 parents, and 13 teachers. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. Relevant data were coded, triangulated, analyzed, and then modeled following the methodology of grounded theory. Sufficiency of the data was sought. All 40 participants described their sun protection habits. Protection was lower during school activities than during leisure activities. Parents identified several practical and financial barriers to sun protection. Teachers pointed out the lack of adequate infrastructure and sun protection training. Responsibility for children’s protection was a point of disagreement between parents and teachers. Children limited their use of protection, mainly for reasons of comfort. Children’s sun protection in schools is the responsibility of educational staff, parents, and society at large. Improving communication between these various actors is necessary. Sun safety campaigns and reorganization of the school environment would allow for better protection of the child population.

Introducing multi-component cardiovascular health screening into existing Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) screening programmes in the UK: a qualitative study of programme staff views

BackgroundCardiovascular disease is a major contributor to poor health in the UK and the leading cause of death in England. Peripheral arterial disease and high blood pressure are conditions that identify individuals at high cardiovascular disease risk, likely to benefit from cardiovascular risk management. Both conditions remain considerably underdiagnosed and untreated. The National Health Service abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) screening programmes represent an opportunity to screen for these conditions with potentially minimal additional effort or cost. We explored AAA screening programme staff views on the proposed introduction of such additional screening within AAA screening.MethodsNine focus groups and seven follow-on interviews were undertaken with 38 AAA screening staff. Our study methods were oriented broadly towards a grounded theory methodology, and data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsThree themes were identified: (i) ‘Perceptions of patient experience and health-related outcomes’, (ii) ‘Opportunities and challenges for programme staff’, and (iii) ‘Maintaining and improving programme standards’. Staff talked about the high uptake of AAA screening, staff experience and skills in their role, and the programme’s high quality standards as both opportunities and potential challenges linked to the proposed additions to AAA screening. While positive about the potential to improve patients’ health outcomes, participants had questions about the practicalities of incorporating additional procedures within their time- and resource-constrained context, and how this may reconfigure work processes, roles and relationships.ConclusionsThe proposed additions to the programme require taking staff’s views into account. Key areas that need to be addressed relate to ensuring follow-up support for patients, clarity around staff responsibilities, and availability of sufficient resources for the programme.

Enablers for Remote Monitoring Programs for Cardiac Conditions: Lessons From the COVID-19 Pandemic


 Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, Canada’s health care system has experienced a dramatic shift toward virtual care. Patients with cardiac conditions are at an increased risk of adverse outcomes from COVID-19 infections, and for many, remote monitoring has been viewed as a safer form of health care delivery.
 This Policy Insight summarizes key facilitators and barriers to the implementation and expansion of remote monitoring programs for patients with cardiac conditions based on lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic. These include:
 
 Technology adoption — Health care decision-makers should be aware of barriers to technology adoption, including both patient and clinician hesitation and varying levels of health and digital literacy. Developing an effective education program to train staff and patients can help overcome technological barriers to adoption.
 Program adaptation — Transitioning programs to remote monitoring requires the consideration of a programs’ operational elements, such as eligibility requirements, onboarding and assessments, appointment logistics, program equipment, roles and responsibilities of clinicians and staff, health human resource planning, and data infrastructure and management.
 Regulatory and legislative changes — Policies that support enhanced interprovincial licensure and reimbursement for remote monitoring services are examples of policy changes that would foster a regulatory environment conducive to remote monitoring programs.
 
 
 While significant government investment has enabled the transition to virtual care (including remote monitoring), continued coordination between governments is needed to enhance the adoption of virtual care within Canadian health systems.
 Further research is needed on the cost-effectiveness and clinical appropriateness of remote monitoring across cardiac conditions. This analysis can support health system decision-makers in determining when and how to apply remote monitoring services safely and effectively.

Eight-Year Investigation of the Impact of the Clerkship Administrator Certificate Program.

Introduction: The roles and responsibilities of the administrative staff supporting required clinical medical student experiences have evolved. In 2004, the Association of American Medical Colleges Central Group on Educational Affairs (CGEA) offered for the first time the Clerkship Administrator Certificate Program. This program requires the completion of a series of workshops and a project and results in a certificate. Research related to long-term outcomes of professional development programs such as this is limited. The purpose of our study was to explore the impact this professional development program had on the careers of participants.Methods: We conducted a survey of those who completed the qualifying workshops from 2010 to 2018. The survey was based on program content, including questions to explore the self-described impact on their careers. Categorical and scaled data were summarized using descriptive statistics. The realistic evaluation framework was used to guide inductive and deductive content analysis, allowing respondent interpretations and context to define outcomes.Results: Out of 244 invitations, 50 (20.5%) responded. Of the respondents, 40 still work in medical education. Scaled responses (strongly disagree to strongly agree) were positive. The individual's motivation, departmental climate, and other contextual factors (experience, collaborators, time) impacted workshop participants’ ability to complete the certificate program. Those who completed certification noted various forms of recognition locally, ranging from special recognition by the chair, raises, and promotions. Additionally, participants felt more confident and accomplished in their careers.Conclusions: Although positively rated, the success of this program had differential outcomes depending on participant contexts. Unintended results for participants completing the program resulted in promotions. Applying the realistic evaluation framework provided insights to improve the program.

Extending the Transplant Practitioner Role within the National Organ Retrieval Team to Include Organ Care Practitioner

<h3>Purpose</h3> Since 2014, the Transplant Practitioner (TP) has been an established member of the National Organ Retrieval Service (NORS) at one of the UK's transplant centres. The TP is a registered nurse who is competent in perfusion and preservation of retrieved cardiothoracic organs. With the advent of novel technology such as the Organ Care System (OCS) following Donation after Circulatory Death (DCD) the need to expand the role of a senior TP to include Organ Care Practitioner (OCP) has emerged and offered solution to the skills shortfall. <h3>Methods</h3> The OCS is a portable ex-vivo organ perfusion system which can preserve a donor heart in a near-normothermic beating state from retrieval until it is disconnected for transplant. Various methods of training were launched to extend the TP's role of practice. External training to OCS headquarters in Boston, Massachusetts was undertaken in order to develop skills and expertise on how to operate this innovative technology effectively and safely. In-house teaching sessions were also initiated by other competent members of the NORS team. Moreover, further peri-operative exposure was provided to the trainees during retrievals to develop confidence and competence with the specialist equipment as well as maintain skills. TP is deemed competent upon successful completion of a DCD heart competency pack. <h3>Results</h3> This advanced competency to the role of the TP has allowed role progression and increased expertise responsibilities for non-medical nursing staff. Having this additional skill has allowed our centre to be fit for purpose prior to the introduction of the National DCD Retrieval Service in September 2020. Nineteen machine perfused hearts out of twenty-three organ retrievals that were operated by a TP were successfully transplanted. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The expanded role of the TP as both organ preservation and Organ Care Practitioner continues to be successfully expanded within NORS which ensures that a NORS team maintains resilience.

Lifespan and Associated Factors of Peripheral Intravenous Cannula Among Hospitalized Children in Public Hospitals of the Gurage Zone, Ethiopia, 2021.

BackgroundPeripheral intravenous cannulas are routinely used in hospital-admitted children requiring intravenous therapy. The majority of peripheral IVC lines are removed before completion of therapy due to cannula complications in children. Peripheral intravenous cannula securing is a painful procedure for children, so recognizing the variables associated with the peripheral intravenous cannula lifespan would help decrease the complications and increase the duration of cannula patency.ObjectiveThe main aim of this study was to determine the lifespan and associated factors of peripheral intravenous cannula among hospitalized children in Gurage zone public hospitals, Ethiopia, 2021.MethodsWe conducted an institution-based cross-sectional study design among 422 admitted children in public hospitals of the Gurage zone using a systematic random sampling technique. We collected data from interviews of parents using structured questionnaires and direct observations using checklists. The data was coded and entered into EPI-DATA version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable analysis was used by using a binary logistic regression model. Finally, the variables with a p-value of <0.05 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) from the multivariable analysis were considered statistically significant.ResultsOne hundred and sixty-six children (41.4%) had a short cannula lifespan (below 30 h). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) [AOR = 4.975; 95% CI (2.811–8.805)], reason for removal (complication) [AOR = 3.277; 95% CI (1.924–5.583)], fluid [AOR = 2.285; 95% CI (1.274–4.100)], and blood transfusion [AOR = 2.407; 95% CI (1.005–5.572)] were the statistically significant variables associated with the lifespan of a peripheral intravenous cannula.Conclusion and RecommendationThe proportion of the short lifespan of the peripheral intravenous cannula was higher in hospitalized children and health care providers better to use low concentration electrolytes, low osmotic pressure, and weak alkalinity fluid. The cannula access might be the responsibility of the health-trained staff, and conserving immediate removal upon the presence of a signal that indicates a complication.

Awareness under anaesthesia: The role of the perioperative nurse

Intra-operative awareness is very rare yet represents a serious complication of general anaesthesia. The ongoing consequences of such an event may cause significant distress and long-term effects such as insomnia, depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To provide safer anaesthesia, it is critical to identify contributing factors related to both the patient and the anaesthesia to prevent intra-operative awareness in at-risk patients. It is also vital to provide education to Post Anaesthesia Care Unit (PACU) nurses and surgical ward nurses about the appropriate way to manage a situation when a patient reports intra-operative awareness following anaesthesia. General anaesthesia with neuromuscular blockade is still considered the highest risk factor for intra-operative awareness. Depth of anaesthesia monitoring has come under the spotlight to try and address this complication; however, there is yet to be a device or technique that provides 100 per cent accuracy in measuring depth of anaesthesia. It is the collective responsibility of all perioperative staff to identify patients at high risk of intra-operative awareness, manage the intra-operative complexities and offer support and expert counselling post-operatively when intra-operative awareness is reported.

Management, supervision, and healthcare: A field experiment

AbstractWe used a randomized management consulting intervention with 80 public‐sector healthcare facilities in Nigeria to study the role of information, training, and supervision on the adoption of improved organizational practices. Facilities that received detailed improvement plans and 9 months of implementation support—including regular visits to monitor progress and set intermediate goals related to the plans—showed large, significant short‐term effects on the adoption of practices that were under the responsibility of facility staff. Facilities that received general improvement advice but no implementation support showed no change in practices. Implementation support appears crucial for improvements, especially in contexts without market incentives for the adoption of effective managerial practices.

Stroke-related health problems and associated actions identified with the post-stroke checklist among nursing home residents

BackgroundLittle is known about the needs of permanent nursing home residents after a stroke; comprehensive descriptions of needs are rare. The Post-Stroke Checklist facilitates the identification of health problems. The study aimed to use the Post-Stroke Checklist to identify the extent of health problems, and how they were addressed, in nursing home residents that experienced strokes in Sweden. We also investigated the feasibility of the Checklist in a nursing home context.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional explorative study. Twenty nursing homes in two regions of Sweden participated. We included residents that had experienced a stroke within approximately 3 years and the responsible staff members were approached. Questionnaires were completed during face-to-face meetings with staff members (n = 45) knowledgeable about the residents. Data collection included the Post-Stroke Checklist, Barthel Index, modified Rankin Scale, resident and staff characteristics, and a satisfaction-questionnaire completed by staff.ResultsAt the included nursing homes 1061 residents, 22% (n = 239) had a history of stroke, and 6% (n = 65) had experienced strokes during the last 3.5 years. Forty-nine residents were included (41% men, median age, 86 years, range 59–97). Among the health problems identified with the Checklist, activities of daily living (82%) were most common, and spasticity (41%) and pain (29%) were least common. Residents had extensive care needs, with a median of six health problems per resident. The total number of health problems addressed by previous actions i.e., referrals, as suggested in the Checklist, was 124, when recalled by staff. The median Barthel index score was 35. Lack of follow-up after stroke (e.g., by using a checklist) was reported in 17/20 nursing homes. The staff were satisfied with the Post-Stroke Checklist.ConclusionsWe found that more than 1/5 of residents had experienced a stroke; thus, the Post-Stroke Checklist was a useful tool in nursing homes. Half of the residents had more than six health problems, identified with the Post-Stroke Checklist. Extensive needs, combined with a lack of follow-up, indicated a risk of insufficient care. These findings suggested that nursing home routines could be improved with the Post-Stroke Checklist.Trial registration The project is registered in Research web, project number: 256021.

Stakeholders’ views of supporting asthma management in schools with a school-based asthma programme for primary school children: a qualitative study in Malaysia

ObjectiveThe WHO Global School Health Initiative aimed to improve child and community health through health promotion programmes in schools, though most focus on preventing communicable disease. Despite WHO recommendations, no...

Tugas dan Tanggung Jawab Tenaga Kependidikan Dalam Lingkungan Manajemen Pendidikan

The implementation of an educational institution such as a school requires competent human resources in their field. For administrative and managerial activities, it is impossible to leave it entirely to the teacher. This is because teachers have their own portion in the teaching and implementation of education. Thus, it takes human resources who have competence in the managerial field. This article aims to describe the duties and responsibilities of school education staff using the literature study method. Research issues that arise due to managerial inequality are discussed theoretically and practically in the field based on published journal articles. The results of research tracking found that education personnel have overly complex tasks and responsibilities. Not only in the managerial field, but also providing motivation for educators to be in an orderly administration so that they also help in the overall school administration process.

Crna hronika kao segment medijske agende u dnevnim novinama u Srbiji

The paper problematizes substantial presence of black chronicle in print media reporting. Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of ten daily newspapers in Serbia, we researched genre characteristics and editorial policies used in presenting the content from the black chronicle segment. It can be seen that daily newspapers on a large-scale deal with the topic of violence and death, but also that the reporting quality does not correspond to the quantity of the published texts. Looking at the content, it can be concluded that serious daily press invests certain efforts in the maintenance of professional standards of the journalist profession, unlike tabloids that dominate the media space. During the analyzed time interval, there was almost not a single day when tabloids, on the pages reserved for the content from the black chronicle segment, did not reveal some details related to the lives of victims, possible perpetrators of criminal acts, as well as other actors, along with the observed violations of the rules of journalist ethics. Therefore, it is necessary to work on emancipation in two directions, towards greater responsibility of editorial staff, editors and journalists, and towards stronger media literacy of the public itself.

Analiza kompententnog osoblja za akreditaciju laboratorija AHP metodom

The competent and experienced staff is one of the criteria for assessment the technical competence of the laboratory. This paper presents the AHP analysis of competent and experienced laboratory accreditation staff. The following sub-criteria were analyzed: training SRPS ISO 17025:2017, training ISO 9001, training staff to work on a particular machine using a valid method, responsibility, impartiality, confidentiality, authority and interpersonal cooperation of the laboratory staff. The criterion for competent and experienced staff should meet all the requirements for the technical equipment of the laboratory to submit an application for accreditation.

Pothranjenost i dehidracija korisnika u domovima za starije osobe i uloga nemara

Elderly dehydration and malnutrition are very common types of elder abuse and neglect in nursing homes. Malnutrition and dehydration of the elderly in nursing homes are two of the most common health problems faced by users. They are also a leading sign of neglect and inadequate care and are often the result of negligence. It is the responsibility of the home staff to provide their users with adequate food and fluid. Staff and administrators have a legal responsibility to take reasonable care of the safety and well-being of their users and others who come to the facility. Part of this is the duty to provide adequate food and water to the users to avoid malnutrition and dehydration. In most cases, proper nutrition and hydration involves developing a diet plan and schedule to meet the individual needs of each patient. This includes considering any physical or mental health issues a patient may have, as well as any nutritional needs of that patient. Failure to meet these needs can be considered negligence or transgression. The risk of developing these conditions is much higher in the elderly, as well as the serious side effects as a result. It is therefore crucial that the staff of the establishment is appropriately trained to predict whether the beneficiary is malnourished or dehydrated. Key words: the elderly; nursing homes; dehydration; malnutrition; neglect