Parental Responsibility Research Articles

PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF PARENTS IN REMOTE TIME: STRATEGIES AND METHODS

The article explores the important role played by parents in the education of their children in modern conditions of distance learning. The article presents a literature review, research results and discussion of important aspects of pedagogical support for parents.Various theoretical models and practical approaches to pedagogical support of parents are considered, the impact of distance learning on the roles and responsibilities of parents in the educational process of children is assessed, and effective strategies and methods of support adapted to the distance learning format are presented. The study alsoincludes an analysis of the results of surveys and questionnaires of parents, as well as statistical data on the level of their involvement in the educational process. Modern education is facing challenges related to distance learning and hybrid models of education. In this regard, the article presents not only an analysis of current problems and challenges, but also offers practical recommendations and strategies to ensure successful interaction between educational institutions and parents.Taking into account the rapid development of technology and the constantly changing educational context, this article calls for constant updating and improvement of methods of pedagogical support for parents. She also emphasizes the importance of cooperation and exchange of experience between various educational institutions and countries.The article serves as an important contribution to the discussion and development of strategies aimed at improving the education and support of children in the era of distance learning.

Legal Balance: Where Parental Obligations and Responsibilities Lie in the Current Legal Landscape Concerning Gender-affirming Treatments for Transgender Minors in the United States and the United Kingdom

Legal Balance: Where Parental Obligations and Responsibilities Lie in the Current Legal Landscape Concerning Gender-affirming Treatments for Transgender Minors in the United States and the United Kingdom

Corporal Punishment of Young Children: Parents’ Perceptions and Family Practices

ABSTRACT Our study aim was to examine the perceptions and experiences of parents regarding corporal punishment of children during early childhood within the context of traditional families. Participants of this qualitative phenomenological study were parental pairings of 11 preschool-aged children living in Eyyübiye district of Şanlıurfa, Türkiye. Data were collected through participant interviews during home visits and content analysis was followed for data analysis. It was revealed through the findings that parents used various forms of corporal punishment as a means of protecting family dignity as well as disciplining their children. It was also pointed out those traditional and cultural elements including parental respect, patriarchal structure, parental responsibilities of children, religious beliefs, and intergenerational transmission, which shaped how parents utilized and perceived corporal punishment. Finally, our study results were discussed in light of the relevant literature.

Parenting During the Student Period: the Possibilities of Combining Life Strategies

The demographic challenges that Russia is facing today require more and more new measures aimed at increasing the birth rate. In the context of an increase in the age of first childbearing, modern youth have stable ideas that the age of 18-24 is not “suitable” for childbearing. The authors’ review of existing and proposed measures to support student families suggests the active development of this area. The key areas of implemented and planned support are highlighted: assistance to student families in solving housing issues; financial support for student parents; organizational measures aimed at combining parental and educational responsibilities. Our analysis focused on the problem of creating the necessary conditions for the implementation of the parental life strategy by young people during their student years. The aim of the study was to develop potential tools to minimize the difficulties of parenthood that arise during parental leave for student families. To achieve this goal, two tasks were set: to identify the totality of difficulties and contradictions experienced by parents during parental leave, and to develop proposals based on the results obtained aimed at increasing the birth rate of students during their higher education. The research method was semi-formalized interviews with 40 parents whose families use the right to parental leave. According to the results of the analysis, two levels of complexity have been identified: institutional (difficulties related to government regulation, infrastructure, labor market) and personal (social attitudes, relationships with the environment, health status). For student parents, the situation during parental leave is even more difficult, and support is more in demand. Based on this, recommendations have been developed that are aimed at mitigating the difficulties of student families on parental leave and can be implemented in the Russian higher education system.

Защита прав несовершеннолетних в алиментных правоотношениях

Based on the analysis of federal legislation and law enforcement practice, the author examines the issues of protecting the rights of minors in alimony legal relations. It is concluded that despite the purposeful work of state bodies to ensure the right of citizens to receive alimony in a timely manner, a significant number of debtors on alimony obligations are avoiding financial responsibility. The article analyzes the latest legislative initiatives aimed at encouraging parents to conscientiously fulfill parental responsibilities for the maintenance of minor children. The necessity of improving the mechanisms for protecting the rights of minors in this area is substantiated.

Gross Negligence as an Element of Involuntary Manslaughter

Introduction: legislation holding parents criminally responsible for the delinquent acts of their children faces with the difficulty of meeting the requisite legal thresholds, such as proving willful intent or gross negligence on the part of the parent. Typically, a person who contributes to the neglect or delinquency of a minor is guilty only of a misdemeanor. Purpose: address important questions about the negligence of the parents and their potential criminal liability for manslaughter. Results: James and Jennifer Crumbley’s conviction doesn’t fit into any of the categories of traditional parental responsibility laws and is instead a first-of-its-kind extension of the manslaughter statute. The liability for the lethal acts of others involves proof of the existence of felonious intent plus a causal relationship between the felony and the death. Under the current common law, the core of complicity lies in intentionally encouraging or assisting the principal offender. Conclusions: the Crumbley verdict may forge a precedent for being gradually applied as a tool for prosecutors to pressure suspects into plea bargains. They “lessen the mens rea needed to establish guilt,” and thus parents are held responsible despite not intending to allow the child to commit the crime.

Balancing acts:

While Canadian policy makers are considering expanding school food programs in Canada, parents remain primarily responsible for packing lunches. Although women perform disproportionate amounts of foodwork, including feeding their children on school days, little research has investigated mothers’ experiences of packing school lunches in Canada. Drawing on 14 interviews with mothers of elementary-aged children in British Columbia, this study explored how mothers experience and make meaning of packing school lunches. Mothers described lunch packing largely as an individualized responsibility for children’s nutritional health and general wellbeing. Mothers strived to enact largely unattainable ideals about packing a “good” school lunch and engaged in diverse forms of physical, mental, and emotional labour to do so. When mothers were perceived to fall short of elusive lunch packing ideals, mothers judged themselves and other mothers, and also reported feeling scrutinized by other parents, teachers, and their children. While assuming the bulk of labour related to school lunch work, mothers also forged connections with their children through lunch packing, which they viewed as emotionally meaningful and a symbol of their care, love, and parental responsibility. These findings show that mothers’ experiences with lunch packing are complex and wrapped up in notions of “good” mothering and feeding ideals. For mothers, a “balanced” lunch requires not only a nutritionally adequate meal, but also involves balancing various forms of labour and contradictory emotions about food work. Understanding mothers’ experiences of lunch packing is pivotal for successfully developing school food programs that meet the complex expectations of Canadian families.

Balancing acts:

While Canadian policy makers are considering expanding school food programs in Canada, parents remain primarily responsible for packing lunches. Although women perform disproportionate amounts of foodwork, including feeding their children on school days, little research has investigated mothers’ experiences of packing school lunches in Canada. Drawing on 14 interviews with mothers of elementary-aged children in British Columbia, this study explored how mothers experience and make meaning of packing school lunches. Mothers described lunch packing largely as an individualized responsibility for children’s nutritional health and general wellbeing. Mothers strived to enact largely unattainable ideals about packing a “good” school lunch and engaged in diverse forms of physical, mental, and emotional labour to do so. When mothers were perceived to fall short of elusive lunch packing ideals, mothers judged themselves and other mothers, and also reported feeling scrutinized by other parents, teachers, and their children. While assuming the bulk of labour related to school lunch work, mothers also forged connections with their children through lunch packing, which they viewed as emotionally meaningful and a symbol of their care, love, and parental responsibility. These findings show that mothers’ experiences with lunch packing are complex and wrapped up in notions of “good” mothering and feeding ideals. For mothers, a “balanced” lunch requires not only a nutritionally adequate meal, but also involves balancing various forms of labour and contradictory emotions about food work. Understanding mothers’ experiences of lunch packing is pivotal for successfully developing school food programs that meet the complex expectations of Canadian families.

Tanggung Jawab Orang Tua Yang Menelantarkan Anak Prespektif Perdata

Introduction: Government Children are a mandate as well as a gift from God the Almighty, who must always be guarded because every person (child) has basic human rights that have been regulated in the constitution, even he has inherent dignity and human rights, so children cannot be abandoned. The law has regulated related to child protection.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to find out and explain the responsibilities of parents who abandon children, and the legal consequences for parents who abandon children.Methods of the Research: This research uses the type of normative juridical research, with a problem approach used is descriptive analysis, namely literature studies and from field studies, the sources of law used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The data collection procedure is using literature study. The legal management and analysis used is the method of normative analysis, namely relating it to the applicable legal norms.Results of the Research: The results of the writing show that the responsibility of parents who abandon children is caused by economic factors, harmony in the family, the awareness and attention of parents towards children is so lacking that children lose their rights. The legal consequences for parents who abandon their children are fines, even up to the revocation of custody of their children, therefore supervision regarding this case must be more efficient.

Analisis Pengaruh Partisipasi Orang Tua dalam Kegiatan Sekolah Terhadap Prestasi Siswa

One of the responsibilities of parents as first adults is to educate children about their family environment, as children are usually around their mother and father when they are born. This research uses a qualitative approach. This study aims to analyze the influence of parental participation in school activities on student achievement. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The subjects used in this study are parents and students. The determination of the subject uses purposive techniques. The data collection technique used is interviews with parents and students. The data analysis used is qualitative data analysis consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of this study show that parental participation in school involves physical presence, learning support, collaboration with teachers, and involvement in important decisions for children's development. Parents' participation in school activities has a significant positive impact. Their involvement strengthens the school-family relationship, providing benefits for children's development in academic, social, and emotional aspects

Родительство в позднеантичном обществе (по сочинениям Авсония)

The article explores the autobiography of the 4th-century poet Ausonius, as well as the issue of the relationships between parents and children, and between spouses. The views of the rhetorician on family values, parental responsibilities towards children, child-rearing and education, as well as their social status, are analyzed in the article. The author concludes that Ausonius considered the life path of a person as a sequence of stages, each of which includes unique challenges and difficulties. Assessing the role of the family in formation of personality, he notes that the upbringing and education of children required direct involvement and attention from the parents.

Enhancing Parent-Teacher Collaboration in Tahfidzul Qur'an Learning: Roles, Challenges, and Strategies

The memorization of the Quran, holds significant importance in Islamic education, fostering spiritual, cognitive, and moral development. This research aims to identify the profile of early-age children Qur'an memorizers, discover the learning methods used for young children, and examine the roles of family and teachers in supporting young children in memorizing the Qur'an. Early-age children lack strategies in the memorization process; therefore, the responsibility of parents and teachers is to accompany them in devising strategies for memorizing the Qur'an. The method used was a qualitative research method with a field research type. The research findings conclude that: 1) Qur'an memorizers among early-age children come from diverse family backgrounds in terms of economic, social, and educational status. However, these differences do not affect the enthusiasm and diligence of early-age children in participating in Qur'an memorization. 2) The method used in teaching early-age Qur'an memorization is the ‘talaqy’ method, involving direct teaching between teachers and students with three processes: ‘talqin’ (the teacher dictates the Qur'an verses in front of the child), ‘tasmi’ (the child imitates the teacher's recitation), and ‘murajaa’h’ (the child repeats the memorization in front of the teacher). 3) The role of the family includes motivation, guidance, setting an example, and discipline. The role of the teacher encompasses being a facilitator, guide, evaluator, and manager. Recommendations are provided for fostering holistic Tahfidzul Quran education, promoting synergy between home and school environments, and empowering stakeholders in cultivating Quranic literacy among the younger generation.

The relational correlates of sexual desire and distress in Turkish women: a structural equation model

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between relational factors and sexual desire and sexual distress. In order to achieve these goals, a sample of 788 married Turkish women was recruited through social media platforms between June and July 2022. The study employed three instruments to assess the relevant variables: the Sexual Satisfaction Scale for Women to measure sexual distress, the Female Sexual Function Index to assess sexual desire, and the Couple Burnout Measure Short Form to evaluate couple burnout. Structural equation modeling was utilized to analyze the data and test the proposed models. The initial model indicated a negative correlation between marriage length, parenthood, couple burnout, and sexual desire. The employment status of the participants was not found to be a significant factor. The second model revealed that marriage length, parenthood, and sexual desire were negatively correlated with sexual distress, whereas couple burnout was positively associated. In conclusion, our study highlights the intricate interplay between various factors and their impact on sexual desire and distress among married women. Specifically, marriage length, parenthood, and couple burnout were identified as significant determinants of sexual desire and distress. These findings underscore the importance of addressing relationship dynamics, parental responsibilities, and couple well-being in order to promote sexual well-being within committed relationships.

About the (un)acceptability of working in the presence of the child: parents’ constructions of the child and corresponding parental responsibilities

The work-family literature suggests a contradictory relationship between working parenthood and (good) childhood, with disruptive or neglected children on the one side and absent or overburdened parents on the other. While the child occupies a complicated space in this relation, their position is rarely examined. Against this background, I explore the position of the child by turning to children’s co-presence during parents’ performance of home-based paid work and ask how parents construct the child and their corresponding parental responsibilities. Following a practice-theoretical framework, I approach parents’ accounts as practices of representation in which the boundaries of what was perceived as (not) acceptable ways of doing family and work were sketched out.For this purpose, I analysed 25 qualitative interviews with and about home-based working parents in the Austrian creative industries with positional maps. The parents had between one and three children in kindergarten or primary school.Parents’ constructions of the child were complex and ambiguous, as were the corresponding parental responsibilities. Meeting the child’s needs and not harming the child emerged as a common ground, yet the parents’ commitment to paid work was not questioned. Conversely, home-based work was seen as a way to meet both work and care demands. These findings suggest that home-based work may bridge ideas of good childhood and working parenthood. The paper contributes to an understanding of work and family that goes beyond simple dualism and offers new insights into parental home-based work, which remains relevant in the post-pandemic era.

Young Spouses' Experiences of Having a Partner With Heart Disease and Adolescents Living at Home.

To describe the life situation of spouses having a partner with heart disease and adolescents living at home. Qualitative inductive design. Participants (n = 22) were included from three Scandinavian countries. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using thematic analysis with an inductive and latent approach. Three themes were derived. 'Being in spousal and parental role transition' described how daily life had been affected and parental responsibilities had been doubled due to their partner's heart disease. 'Living with unpredictability and insecurity' included how the unpredictable illness trajectory caused worries and affected the well-being of the family. 'Managing a challenging life situation' highlights how spouses coped with their partners' heart disease and adapted to a new life situation. Young spouses' life situation was greatly affected by their partner's heart disease, resulting in increased responsibilities and double parenthood. Having a positive attitude and mindset towards life was used as a strategy to cope with the changed life situation and find a new way of life. All family members are affected by heart disease. Spouses needed additional professional support and guidance on how to involve the children when a parent is ill. This study highlights how young spouses, with adolescents living at home, experience their life situation. The life situation is unpredictable due to the partner's heart disease, as they must handle both caring for their partner and taking on double parenthood. Research involving family members can improve person- and family-centred care and treatment outcomes in health care and society. COREQ checklist was used preparing the manuscript. Data collection included interviews with spouse. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER CONTRIBUTE TO THE WIDER GLOBAL CLINICAL COMMUNITY?: By highlighting the spouses changed life situation due to heart disease and the importance of including them in health care.

Two unsuccessful bites at the legal parenthood cherry – really in the child’s best interests?

ABSTRACT This case review considers Theis J’s judgment in Re Z (Surrogacy: Step-parent Adoption) [2024] EWFC 20, in which she refused a step-parent adoption order but made several other orders in relation to contact and the exercise of parental responsibility between the three adults involved. I posit that while the judgment probably represents the best possible outcome all round – especially the best interests of the child at its heart – it does not reflect the lived reality of most surrogacy agreements entered into in this country, or the experiences of those involved. It does, however, indicate that proposed reforms as recommended by the Law Commission of England and Wales and the Scottish Law Commission in 2023 would be welcome, especially as the intention behind them is precisely to protect against breakdowns in surrogacy arrangements such as sadly happened in this case.

Retrospective assessment of parental attitudes versus severity of early maladaptive schemas in a non-clinical population of Polish adults – preliminary reports

Objectives: While from a developmental perspective, a secure bond with a parent is of great importance to a child's functioning, its establishment depends mainly on the caregivers and their parental attitudes – specific strategies or styles that enable the fulfilment of parental responsibilities. The objective of the presented study was to assess the correlation between the early maladaptive schemas and retrospectively assessed parental attitudes. Methods: The study involved 94 people between the ages of 18 and 64 (average age: M=34.84, SD=11.12). Each participant completed a set of the following tools: the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3-PL), the Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCR), and the Young Parent Inventory (YPI). Both parents’ attitudes were similarly associated with the formation of early maladaptive schemas. For both mothers and fathers, loving and rejecting attitudes had the most numerous associations with the formation of early maladaptive schemas. Conclusions: 1. In a retrospective evaluation of the subjects, both parents had a similar impact on the formation of domains of early maladaptive schemas. The Results: only statistically significant differences occurred in the domain of Impaired Autonomy and Performance. Mothers had a stronger influence on the formation of schemas in this group. 2. For both mothers and fathers, loving (L) and rejecting (R) attitudes had the most numerous associations with the formation of early maladaptive schemas. Keywords: early maladaptive schemas, parental attitudes, attachment

The Responsibilities of Business Actors and The Legal Implications of Minors Purchasing Online Mobile Game Credits

Children’s interactions and lifestyles worldwide have greatly benefited from the expansion of the internet gaming sector. However, the practice of minors purchasing and reselling online game certificates has prompted concerns about the accountability of corporate operators and potential legal repercussions. In the context of minors purchasing online game vouchers, this study investigates the responsibilities of commercial actors and the legal implications. This research methodology uses a normative legal approach to gather data from the literature, relevant judicial judgments, statutes, and regulations. This analysis aims to comprehend corporate actors' accountability, legal ramifications, and parents' function in this type of transaction. The findings demonstrated that business actors who offer online game vouchers have a duty to uphold the legitimacy of transactions. Businesses have a responsibility to make sure that such transactions adhere to ethical and legal standards, even though many laws forbid minors from engaging in transactions without their parent's permission. The legal ramifications of minors purchasing and selling online game vouchers may include possible violations of consumer rights, the protection of personal data, and provisions of contracts that may be void owing to age restrictions. Monitoring and limiting their children's access to these kinds of transactions is a crucial responsibility for parents. Collaboration between commercial actors, the government, and parents is required to maintain the integrity and protection of children in online game voucher purchasing and selling operations.

A critical history of child protection and welfare services for disabled children in the Republic of Ireland, 1960–2023

Existing research demonstrates at least threefold higher rates of maltreatment for disabled children than for their non-disabled peers. The situation is compounded by pervasive impediments to effective safeguarding practice for disabled children. While scholarly attention to this area is growing, one aspect remains thoroughly neglected in the Irish context, namely, historical accounts of disability and child protection are stark by their absence. This article presents key historical changes in child protection and welfare practice for disabled children from 1960 to 2023 in the Republic of Ireland. The account illustrates how discourses of risk aversion, rights and inclusion have collided with increased bureaucratisation and state regulation. Towards achieving a critical theoretical exposition of the history, conceptual conventions of the ‘5-P’ child protection model (prevention, paramountcy, partnership, protection and parental responsibility) are applied. Key lessons for policymakers and practitioners about the sociocultural construction of child protection and disability are then extracted and, with respect to informing future practice, critically explored.

Problems of protecting children’s rights who are citizens of Ukraine enjoying temporary protection in EU countries

The full-scale war in Ukraine caused a mass migration of its population and led to the increase in private relations complicated by a foreign element, which are the subject matter of private international law. The Council Directive 2001/55/EC of 20 July 2001 on minimum standards for giving temporary protection in the event of a mass influx of displaced persons and on measures promoting a balance of efforts between Member States in receiving such persons and bearing the consequences thereof provided the opportunity for citizens of Ukraine to receive the status of temporary protection on the territory of the EU countries. Cases of children being taken away from their accompanying persons or from their families have become a new challenge for Ukrainian children and their parents, who moved from Ukraine to the territory of the EU and who are under the temporary protection status. Those cases occur due to differences in legislation in matters of guardianship and parental responsibility. The author of the article has studied and systematized cases, when social services of the host country are authorized to act urgently in the interests of a child and take a child away from the family. The article provides general characteristics of circumstances that are reasons for taking a decision on the application of emergency measures by social services of EU countries to children who are citizens of Ukraine enjoying temporary protection in EU countries. It is established that the removal of children from their parents, guardians or authorized persons to accompany the child occurs under different circumstances and each situation is individual, but having systematized the cases, the author has identified the following reasons: staying in the EU unaccompanied by adults and on the grounds of “parental negligence” or “improper performance of parental duties”. The author analyses the legal status of an unaccompanied child under the national legislation of Ukraine and foreign national legislation of some EU countries. The legal status of unaccompanied children under the Directive 2001/55/EC and the Convention on the Rights of the Child of 1989 is investigated. It is substantiated that the practice of recognizing Ukrainian children enjoying the temporary protection status as unaccompanied children is based on the following grounds: а) deficiency (inconsistency, non-recognition) of documents authorizing a person who accompanies a child for taking care of a child; в) non-compliance (non-recognition) of documents on the right to guardianship, issued in Ukraine, with the requirements of the host country that granted temporary protection; с) independent stay of a child on the EU territory, who is a citizen of Ukraine and has reached the age of 16, left Ukraine independently and is on the EU territory without parents and accompanying persons.