Respiratory Gymnastics Research Articles

STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF THE COMBINATION OF HALOTHERAPY AND BREATHING GYMNASTICS IN CHILDREN WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Purpose. To date, there is no developed program and in-depth analysis of the complex impact of the effect of the combination of halotherapy and respiratory gymnastics in children with bronchial asthma, and the effect of its application on the disease has not been tracked. For this reason, referring to the successful results of the combined application of physiotherapeutic techniques, natural and reshaped physical factors in the recovery process in bronchial asthma in childhood, the following research goal was set: to implement the combined application of respiratory gymnastics and halotherapy for more effective rehabilitation program and optimal functional recovery in children with bronchial asthma and to track the effect of its impact. Material/Methods. The study was conducted from October 2018 to March 2020 in the city of Razgrad, Bulgaria, in the Resonance after-school training center. Results. The results show that properly conducted respiratory rehabilitation, combining the application of respiratory gymnastics and aerosol therapy, can contribute to the improvement of clinical indicators, reducing the frequency and severity of paroxysmal conditions, improving ventilation indicators, some gas parameters, physical capacity and quality of life. Conclusions. There are objective grounds for asserting that the tested physiotherapy program with an emphasis on respiratory gymnastics and halotherapy has a positive effect on the functional status of children with bronchial asthma and contributes to achieving independence in daily activities and improving their quality of life.

EFFECTIVENESS OF APPLYING ORIGINAL METHOD OF BREATHING EXERCISES, INCLUDING TECHNIQUES FOR MOBILIZING DIAPHRAGMAL BREATHING IN COMPLEX EARLY MEDICAL REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WHO HAVE UNDERGONE CORONARY BYPASS GRAFT

Highlights In the physical rehabilitation of patients after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), special attention has recently been paid to respiratory rehabilitation. The article presents the results of studies demonstrating that a course of respiratory coordination training was associated with a decrease in the incidence of hydrothorax, improved blood oxygen saturation, increased exercise tolerance and muscle strength by reducing diaphragm dysfunction and increasing respiratory muscle strength in patients in the postoperative period. AbstractAim. To analyze the clinical effectiveness of a new method of breathing exercises developed for improving breathing control in complex early rehabilitation of patients who underwent CABG.Methods. The study involved 73 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent CABG at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases” (Kemerovo, Russia) in 2021. During the inpatient rehabilitation, patients were randomized into two groups comparable in anamnestic and baseline clinical and functional indicators: the experimental group (38 patients) had individual breathing exercises as a part of respiratory gymnastics (with different types of exercises), and the control group (35 patients) underwent conventional exercise training.Results. Initially, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. After 14 days the number of patients in the main group with signs of hydrothorax was significantly lower compared with the control group: 7 (18.4%) vs 11 (31.4%), respectively, p = 0.001. The ultrasound examination of the pleural space revealed the same pattern - hydrothorax was less pronounced in the main group compared with the control group: 0.9 [0.5; 1.5] vs 1.7 [0.6; 2.5] mL, p = 0.049. Analysis of oxygen saturation (SpO₂,%), reflecting the functional status of the oxygen transport system, showed higher blood oxygen saturation rates in the main group compared with the control group: 98 [96; 99] vs 95.2[94; 97]%, p = 0.04, respectively. At the same time, the exercise tolerance (ET) estimated with bicycle ergometry was comparable at baseline in both groups, and at the end of the inpatient rehabilitation ET in the main group was significantly higher than in the control group with conventional exercise training: 74. 9 [50; 100] vs 55.1[25; 75] W, p = 0.005, respectively.Conclusion. Respiratory gymnastics facilitates cardiac and respiratory rehabilitation mainly by improving the coordination of respiratory muscles and preparing them for respiratory gymnastics within short period of early inpatient rehabilitation.

The effectiveness of respiratory gymnastics and technologies of virtual reality and mechanotherapy in rehabilitation programs for patients with post-COVID syndrome

The effectiveness of respiratory gymnastics and technologies of virtual reality and mechanotherapy in rehabilitation programs for patients with post-COVID syndrome

Factors of increasing mental efficiency and reducing social anxiety in primary schoolchildren

Introduction. The article presents a theoretical review and an experimental study of children’s cognitive and emotional development in the current information and communication situation. Moreover, the study focuses on the possibilities of using a neuro-educational approach for improving mental efficiency and reducing social anxiety in primary schoolchildren. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the effectiveness of a set of neuro-educational techniques as factors for improving mental performance and reducing social anxiety in primary schoolchildren. Materials and Methods. The study adopts a neuro-educational approach and its basic principles. The data were collected via the following methods: (1) E.F. Zambatsevichene’s test for studying verbal and logical thinking, (2) L.A. Yasyukova’s inventory for evaluating the development of short-term verbal and visual memory, (3) the Toulouse-Pieron test for the assessment of selective/sustained attention, (4) Phillips' School Anxiety Test. 63 primary school students took part in the study. To detect the randomness of the results and track the dynamics, the experimental data were subjected to mathematical processing (Wilcoxon's T-test, which ensures the validity and reliability of the research findings). Results. The authors propose and theoretically substantiate the neuro-educational approach as a strategy for cognitive and emotional development. Relying on psycho-educational experimentation based on the psychophysiological developmental characteristics of primary schoolchildren, the authors implemented neuro-educational techniques for increasing mental performance and reducing social anxiety in primary schoolchildren. The research findings show that the use of respiratory gymnastics, psychogymnastics, games for the development of hemispheric interaction, for the development of phonemic perception, for the development of afferent and efferent praxis, neuroarticulatory gymnastics, bioenergy calisthenics, and kinesiological exercises, have a significant impact on the indicators of students’ cognitive and emotional development. The study confirms the assumption that achieving a high level of development of cognitive functions and social emotions is possible if the set of neuro-educational techniques and technologies is utilized in primary education. Conclusions. The article concludes about the effectiveness of the set of neuro-educational techniques as a factor for increasing mental performance and reducing social anxiety in primary schoolchildren. The authors emphasize that the application of the set of psycho-educational techniques increases children’s emotional well-being, which improves quality of children’s cognitive and emotional development and helps to avoid the risks of school maladaptation.

Використання дихальної гімнастики для дітей, які заїкаються.

The overcoming stuttering peculiarities from the integrated approach standpoint, where one of the means is breathing gymnastics, are highlighted in the article. Breathing gymnastics that provide correct speech breathing, exercises acquiring the correct full inhalation and exhalation skills, fixed exhalation with sound, emphasis on the breathing simulation gymnastics use for children with stuttering, breathing gymnastics with elements of phonation gymnastics and playful breathing are described. Emphasis is placed on physical exercises that promote the muscular system development and the coordinated movements education, improving lung function, heart rate, metabolism, create a good mood in children and stimulate them to certain activities. Corrective work has been carried out to improve respiratory gymnastics in children who stutter, it was found that breathing exercises, as an important component of a comprehensive system to overcome stuttering, aimed at maintaining and improving children's health, improving physical fitness and efficiency, which promotes the formation and normalization of speech, the development of positive personal qualities in children of this category. It is noted that mastering the complex of respiratory gymnastics should be done gradually. It is emphasized that performing breathing exercises with forcing stuttering children can lead to unpleasant subjective feelings. It is investigated that respiratory gymnastic exercises should be used in all periods of corrective action

THE PECULIARITIES OF NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF A CHILD WITH PSYCHOVERBAL RETARDATION

This article is devoted to the analysis of the results of the implementationof the program of neuropsychological correction of mental activityof preschool children with psychoverbal retardation. The relevance ofthis study is caused by the annual increase in the birth rate of childrenwith psychoverbal retardation and by the need for effective forms andmethods of correctional work.The study is based on the assumption that the process of mental development of children with psychoverbal retardation in preschool-age specific features and complications due to the neuropsychological peculiarities of their development, and therefore it requires systematic professional neuropsychological support, which may be complicated by quarantine restrictions during the covid pandemic 19. Сonsequently, it is necessary to implement a specifically worked out effective program of neuropsychological correction of mental activity of children with learning disabilities , which can be implemented independently by parents (with a remote guidance of a psychologist) during home development classes. It can significantly increase the effectiveness of neuropsychological correctionof higher mental functions of children with psychoverbal retardation.Neuropsychological correction aims to use continuous non-medicamentalactivation of subcortical and stem structures of the brain, tostabilize of interhemispheric interaction, to form the optimal functional status of the cortical structures of the brain. Each neuropsychological correctional session with a child includes cognitive exercises (tasks and games which are aimed to develop higher mental functions of the child) and movable exercises (sensory-motor correction), as well as body-orioriented therapy and elements of respiratory gymnastics. According to the results of the study, the rates of psychoverbal development of preschool children who used an individual program of neuropsychological correction at home under the guidance of a specialist during the quarantine and social isolation are much higher than those which have children who attended classes only with a neuropsychologist.

МЕДИКО-СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ И СИТУАТИВНООБУСЛОВЛЕННЫЕ ФАКТОРЫ В ПСИХОЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОМ СОСТОЯНИИ ЖЕНЩИН С РАННЕЙ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОЙ ПОТЕРЕЙ

Purpose of the study: To evaluate socio-psychological characteristics of women after early reproductive loss and to suggest some forms of psychological support for this category of patients. Material and methods. The sample is represented by 64 women of reproductive age with a primary episode of pregnancy loss. A medical and sociological interview and psychological questionnaire were conducted using the Spielberg-Khanin scale (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI). Results. The material of the pilot sample demonstrates the significance of the situationally conditioned psychoemotional state (ideas of self-blame and situationally conditioned anxiety) of women with early reproductive loss and shows the directions and forms of possible outpatient psychological intervention after experiencing perinatal loss (respiratory gymnastics, auto-training, neuromuscular relaxation, music and art therapy). Conclusions. In order to maintain mental well-being in women after early reproductive loss, a comprehensive integrative approach is needed, including the provision of medical care by an obstetrician-gynecologist and psychological support by a psychologist at an antenatal clinic.

Influence of Respiratory Exercises on the Functional State of the Cardiovascular System Under Different Physical Activities of Students

The article stresses that the state of the cardiovascular system determines the level of physical performance. Maintaining the required level of metabolic processes is necessary for efficient mechanisms of energy supply and dynamic work. The researcher proves that activation of respiratory function contributes to such support. Under the influence of systematic breathing exercises in the body develops a set of structural and functional changes aimed at optimizing the functioning of the whole organism and its individual systems. The study involved 35 lyceum students aged 14 years, who were engaged in the developed system for 1.5 years. Each lesson consisted of six parts. In the first, third and fifth parts, they performed exercises with dynamic, and in the second and fourth – with static load. In the first three parts they were combined with breathing exercises with increasing duration of individual phases of breathing, in 4-6 parts – only with deepening of exhalation. The sixth part (relaxation) was performed in a horizontal position. The purpose of the work is to determine the impact of breathing exercises during each part of the lesson on the activity of the cardiovascular system. It has been established that certain features of fatigue and recovery during different types of muscular work in a specific sequence are a reliable physiological basis for improving the health and training effect of physical training in combination with breathing exercises. The results of the experiment on the implementation of our system of health-improving training sessions of respiratory gymnastics prove that changes in work power, nature of muscle contractions and body position during training create conditions for improving adaptive compensatory reactions to different types of loads.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy in rehabilitation of patients after COVID‑19

Severe complications of COVID‑19 are pneumonia and the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome, which is accompanied by hypoxia. Tissue hypoxia increases against the background of inflammatory reactions and hypercoagulation. Hyperbaric oxygenation can effectively reduce systemic hypoxia, improve blood circulation, has a beneficial effect on reducing the severity of the inflammatory condition by modulating oxidative stress, including lipid peroxidation, and increasing antioxidant enzymes. A review of clinical studies conducted in different countries shows the overall effectiveness of systemic maintenance therapy with the inclusion of hyperbaric oxygenation, which reduces the use of artificial ventilation and reduces the mortality rate of severely ill patients with COVID‑19. The article presents the results of our own research on the rehabilitation of 10 patients who had a severe form of COVID‑19. The inclusion in the rehabilitation of COVID‑19 patients of daily sessions of hyperbaric oxygenation in ‘soft’ modes (1,4–1,6 ATA) in combination with respiratory and physical gymnastics showed a positive effect and safety. In patients, shortness of breath decreased, blood saturation indicators improved, cognitive functions decreased, the severity of anxiety and depression decreased, and exercise tolerance increased.

The use of respiratory gymnastics technology for recovery after COVID-19

The use of respiratory gymnastics technology for recovery after COVID-19

Assessment of Functional Status and Rehabilitation Intervention in Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)

Aim: To assess the functional status of patients and to investigate the effectiveness of rehabilitation intervention in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Materials and Methods: There were 21 patients with clinically-laboratory confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19), who participated in the study. Among the examined patients there were 16 (76.2%) women and 5 (23.8%) men. The average age of the patients was 58}5.08 years. The rehabilitation cycle included an initial and final assessment of the patients’ functional status, after which a rehabilitation intervention was carried out, which consisted of breathing exercises and motor activity. Results: The initial assessment of the patients’ functional status in physical exertion during the 1st day showed that the heart rate (HR) was 127.09}0.55 bpm, the respiratory rate (RR) was 28.05}0.39/min, SpO2 was 85.95}0.38 %, systolic arterial pressure (APs) – 145.09}1.48 mmHg, diastolic arterial pressure (APd) – 84.33}0.86 mmHg. Up to the 5th day of the rehabilitation cycle, heart rate decreased at 25.9%, RR – at 16.8%, SpO2 increased at 6.8%, АPs decreased by 14.3%, АPd decreased at – 9.3% (p<0.001). The SpO2 saturation index after respiratory gymnastics increased significantly starting from the first up to the 5th day of rehabilitation from 92.29}0.44% to 97.62}0.29% (р<0.001). Subjective indices under the influence of rehabilitation intervention had reliable dynamics with a tendency to the decrease of manifestations of shortness of breath according to the Modified Borg scale (MBS) at 63.6% (р<0.001), leveling of general fatigue according to the Borg CR10 scale – at 63.4% (р<0.001), an increase in the patient’s mobility index – at 66.4% (р<0.001), an increase in tolerance to the physical exertion for 6-minute walking distance 6MWD – at 93.4% (р<0.001). Conclusions: Thus, rehabilitation assessment and intervention is an extremely important stage in the treatment of patients with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which provides an opportunity to improve the functional status of patients by physically influencing the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease.

Respiratory gymnastics as a means of strengthening the health of student youth

The article analyzes the current state of health of students of higher education institutions. The importance of breathing exercises for student youth in a pandemic is determined. The necessity of using respiratory techniques to harden the body, improve the work of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is substantiated. It is established that breathing exercises are a system of breathing exercises and an effective means of strengthening human health. During respiratory gymnastics our body is saturated with oxygen, blood circulation improves, metabolic processes are accelerated, emotional state is stabilized, immunity is strengthened. Breathing exercises improve and activate the function of external respiration, promote its faster recovery after exercise and have a specific effect on some respiratory diseases.
 Health is the main value of human life, to which man himself does not pay due attention. An important preventive factor in strengthening it is a healthy lifestyle. There are basic requirements for maintaining a healthy lifestyle - physical activity, nutrition, comfortable conditions and a rational mode of work and rest, optimal exercise, abandonment of bad habits, the use of traditional and non-traditional means of health. The problem of health, especially of students, is receiving more and more attention. The state of health of students can be classified as high risk. The transition from one learning environment to another, more intensive, requires the body of the future student to pay more attention to the work of critical systems, including respiratory. There are many issues related to the formation of new approaches to health promotion.

Дыхательная гимнастика как эффективная здоровьеразвивающая технология для обучающихся в общеобразовательной организации

The relevance of the study is due to the negative trends noted by Rosstat of the Russian Federation, which lead to a deterioration in the health of children and adolescents over the past few decades, which negatively affects both the quality of life of an individual and society as a whole. The authors of the article suggest considering the use of health-promoting and health-saving technologies as a significant factor, the use of which contributes to the stabilization of the indicated situation. Breathing exercises are a classic method of improving health with proven effectiveness. In the situation of a pandemic caused by the spread of COVID-19, the importance of using the technology of respiratory gymnastics as a health-saving and health-developing, aimed at preventing this disease, increases many times. However, in the conditions of modern schools, the use of this technology is very limited due to the underestimation of its significance and benefits for preserving and improving the health of students. Mastering the basics of breathing exercises is not provided for in the Federal state educational standards of basic and secondary General education, which emphasizes the importance and timeliness of our research. The article presents the results of a longitudinal shaping experiment conducted in the period from 2015 to 2019, the purpose of which was to identify the effectiveness of respiratory gymnastics as a health-developing technology in physical education classes, contributing to the objective improvement of students ' health, increasing their individual adaptability and academic performance. Our analysis of the results of the study allowed us to conclude that all of the above indicators have significantly improved. The introduction of the health-developing technology we are considering has significantly improved the quality of life of schoolchildren who took part in the experiment.

Practical aspects of using exercise therapy methods for the rehabilitation of patients with COVID-19

In the article it is discussed about the approved methods of using physical therapy on patients with different forms of COVID-19 at the stage of inpatient treatment. The study involved 86 patients with varying degrees of lung tissue damage (CT2CT4), the main group included 49 patients, and the control group included 37 patients. A scheme of rehabilitation measures that can be used in patients with SARS-CoV-19 is proposed. Methods of therapeutic and respiratory gymnastics for both passive and active work with patients to restore muscle strength, improve sputum outflow, prevent deep vein thrombosis and bedsores with various degrees of lung tissue damage are described. The importance of performing physical therapy techniques in the early stages, when the patient is still in bed, is shown. Using the modified Questionnaire "quality of life" (GAD-9), the effectiveness of respiratory and therapeutic exercises was confirmed.

The influence of the preoperative rehabilitation on the results of anatomical lung resections

The objective was to investigate the efficiency of the preoperative rehabilitation for patients with planned anatomical lung resections.Methods and materials.The study included 92 patients aged 27 to 87 years (mean age (63±10.8) years), 25 women (27.2 %) and 67 men (72.8 %) who underwent anatomical lung resections (79 patients, 85.9 % for lung cancer). Group 1 (39 patients – 42 %) included patients who did not smoke or quitted smoking at least 2 months before the operation. Also, they complied with the recommendations regarding respiratory gymnastics and the use of exercise and induction spirometers in full for at least 14 days. All patients who continued smoking or abandoned it less than 2 weeks before the operation, did not use breathing exercises, were included in group 2 (53 patients – 58 %).Results. Significant difference was found in the number of complications in the studied groups (the average number of complications in one patient in group 1 was (0.46±0.8), in group 2 – (1.47±1.5), p = 0.03). The difference was found in the duration of hospitalization (19.7 days in group 1 and 25.3 days in group 2, p <0.017), in the length of stay in the ICU ((1.6±0.9) days in group 1 versus (3.4±5.9) days in group 2, p = 0.011). The early postoperative period for patients of group 1 was more favorable regardless of the presence and severity of the course of concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Conclusions. Comprehensive preoperative rehabilitation helps to reduce the number and severity of manifestations of complications after anatomical lung resections.

CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL INDICATORS OVER TIME IN OVERWEIGHT PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA RECEIVING STANDARD THERAPY VS. STANDARD THERAPY WITH A COMPLEX OF REHABILITATION MEASURES

The combination of bronchial asthma and obesity leads to increased severity of bronchial asthma course and poorer control level, the development of resistance to basic therapy, and increased frequency of hospitalizations. Modern approaches to the treatment of bronchial asthma and obesity suggest that more attention should be paid to comprehensive rehabilitation programs using methods aimed at all pathogenesis stages of this combination of diseases. Objective: to analyze changes in clinical and functional indicators over time in overweight patients with bronchial asthma receiving standard therapy vs. standard therapy with a complex of rehabilitation measures The study involved 102 overweight patients (body mass index (BMI) ≤ 39.9 kg/height, m2) with persistent asthma of moderate severity aged 35–60 years. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group I included 72 patients receiving standard pharmacologic therapy (budesonide 160 μg and formoterol 4.5 μg) along with a diet close to the Mediterranean diet, as well as a complex of rehabilitation measures, which included Buteyko breathing technique plus respiratory gymnastics and dosed walking. Group II (30 patients) received only standard pharmacologic therapy along with a diet close to the Mediterranean diet. The duration of the therapy was 6 months. All patients underwent general clinical studies, spirometry, the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) with dyspnea assessment according to the Borg Dyspnoea Scale, surveys using the Asthma Control Questionnaire-5, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Beck Depression Inventory, and Spielberger–Khanin Anxiety Inventory. It was found that the patients receiving treatment along with physical rehabilitation measures presented with more pronounced positive changes, so the indices of FVC and 6MWT medians in Group I were 6 times and 2.4 times higher, respectively. The changes in ACQ5, SGRQ, BDI, and SAI-t score medians in Group I were also more prominent and exceeded the values in Group II by 1.8 times, 4.4 times, 2.5 times, and 3.5 times, respectively. Inclusion of physical rehabilitation measures, i.e. Buteyko breathing technique, respiratory gymnastics, and dosed walking, contributes to a significant increase in FEV1 and statistically significant improvement in quality of life and psychological status after 6 months of therapy.

ОБ ОЗДОРОВИТЕЛЬНОМ ЭФФЕКТЕ ПАРАДОКСАЛЬНОЙ ДЫХАТЕЛЬНОЙ ГИМНАСТИКИ А. Н. СТРЕЛЬНИКОВОЙ

Introduction. The paper discusses the significance of the current balance of the activity of the autonomic nervous system and a group of factors that affect it. The conditions that cause the need to promptly correct the functional status of the organism to relieve excessive tension of regulatory mechanisms are noted. Analysis of literature indicates that there are conflicting data on the benefits of breathing exercises as health remedies. Materials and methods. According to the study of the specific features of response of the autonomic nervous system, including heart rate variability, and changes in the functional status index, there is a positive effect of respiratory gymnastics by A. N. Strelnikova on the health. Research results. The data on specific features of the individual reactions of the autonomic nervous system to a set of breathing exercises by A. N. Strelnikova are presented. The positive influence of respiratory gymnastics on the indices of the regulatory mechanisms in terms of heart rate variability is noted. Conclusion. A. N. Strelnikova’s respiratory gymnastics can act as a corrector of the functional status of the body and its adaptive capabilities and as a health promotion solution by reducing the tension of the autonomic nervous system activity.

The effectiveness of the use of breathing exercises in training shooters

Breathing plays a leading role in ensuring human life processes. Breathing exercises promote the formation of a certain breathing rhythm in accordance with the muscle movements produced. Each sport requires the formation of its optimal functional state. In bullet shooting, an athlete does not experience intense physical exertion, but must show high coordination, attention and psychological stability. The paper presents an assessment of the effectiveness of the use of breathing exercises as a means of recovery for athletes involved in bullet shooting. The functional capabilities of the shooters' respiratory system have been studied. The assessment of the tolerance of hypoxic load An improvement in the functional capabilities of the respiratory system of shooters, an increase in tolerance to hypoxic loads were revealed. In both groups, there is a positive effect of the course of breathing exercises on the functional state of the respiratory system. The shooters showed a higher increase in the indicators of functional tests than those who do not go in for sports. The inclusion of respiratory gymnastics in the process of sports training as a means of recovery is effective. The course use of breathing exercises made it possible to improve the functional capabilities of the shooters' respiratory system, to increase their tolerance to hypoxic loads.

Prevention of nosocomial pneumonia in conditions of resuscitation and intensive care unit: literature review

The article presents a review of literature on the prevention of nosocomial pneumonia (NP), which has a high frequency in the resuscitation and intensive care unit, severe complications (up to 52.1 % of cases) and mortality. The following aspects are shown: risk factors for NP and multiple antimicrobial resistance; the goal and program of NP prevention aimed at reducing the likelihood of contamination and infection of patients; the need for epidemiological surveillance of health care associated infections and observance of principles of asepsis and antiseptics by medical personnel; the prevention of oropharyngeal colonization and aspiration; methods of timely verticalization of patients who suffered from acute cerebral insufficiency of any etiology; stimulating spirometry, respiratory gymnastics and chest massage.

The effectiveness of the using moveable games, metered running, breathing exercises in the physical therapy of orphans born to HIV-infected mothers

Aim: to develop and experimentally substantiate the method of physical education for orphans born to HIV-infected mothers, based on the use of moveable games for the development of physical qualities, metered running, breathing exercises in orphanage conditions.
 Material and methods: 28 children of 5-6 years old took part in the experiment. The experimental group included orphans born to HIV-infected mothers (14 children). The control group consisted of orphans with poor health (14 children). The research was carried out on the basis of the health care institution "Regional specialized children's home" Green Gai "for orphans and children left without parental care. The experiment lasted for 12 months, at the beginning and at the end of the experiment anthropometric studies, functional state testing (spirography, Genchi's test, Stange's test), physical fitness tests (running from a high start at 30 meters, a long jump from the spot, throwing a ball from - for the head, standing)
 Results: An experimental method of physical education for orphans in an orphanage, born to HIV-infected mothers, was developed and implemented. The technique includes the use of moveable games for the development of physical qualities, dosed running exercises and complexes of respiratory gymnastics, taking into account the age characteristics of children of preschool age. A significant improvement (p<0,05) in the indicators of physical development, functional state and physical fitness of children in the experimental group was shown in comparison with the control group.
 Conclusions: As a result of using the proposed method, it was possible to reduce the incidence of acute respiratory infections in children born to HIV-infected mothers from 8-10 to 4-3 times a year. It has been established that the simplicity and availability of the developed methods of organizing physical education allows them to be used not only by specialists in the field of physical education of preschool children, but also by educators of preschool institutions.