Resource Management Issues Research Articles

Commoning under the new rangeland development paradigm: ‘Pastoralisation’ of the Banni grasslands of India

Granting collective rights over grazing lands is considered a win-win strategy for grassland conservation without compromising pastoralist livelihoods. However, the initial enthusiasm for decentralised management has been dampened due to differing socio-ecological and political outcomes of their implementation. Commoning is increasingly accompanied by commodification and market-based initiatives that undermine the anti-capitalist premises of commoning. Banni grasslands in the Kutch district of Gujarat, India, have undergone numerous development interventions by NGOs and activists to ‘recommon’ pasture lands. Using a mixed-methods approach, we show that the commoning of the Banni which is a response to increasing fragmentation of the landscape relies on invoking an identity of people of Banni as pastoralists first and foremost. We call this process pastoralisation. We argue that calls for commons in Banni, even as they oppose privatisation and agrarian enclosures are embedded in the capitalist economy. Our study shows that the reliance on commoning to address complex issues of resource access and management could lead to the exclusion of marginal actors and the extension of capital and markets into new areas.

Critical Issues of Human Resource Management in Ageing Care Centres: Case of Malaysia

The entire world is progressing towards an ageing population, as, until 2030, 1.4 billion population will be elderly, which leads to 2.1 billion by 2050. The changing lifestyle and the declining fertility rate are main reasons for drastic makeover of economic environment and business issues. This study aims to examine the critical issues of Human Resource Management (HRM) in elderly care sector. The success of a business is associated with employed staff and ‘ human resource’ in elderly care centres entails knowledge, skills, passion, loyalty, and personal traits. A qualitative research strategy is adopted, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 HR executives of elderly care centres throughout Malaysia. Saldana’s structured inductive data analysis method for analysis. The result revealed critical issues of human resource management such as lack of professional and competent workers, absence of flexible and adaptive potential of employees. A recommendation plan is proposed regarding planning, recruitment, selection, training and professional development and supervision, and support of staff. Thus, it is imperative to achieve these objectives of human resource management in elderly care centres to provide graceful ageing to an older adult. The findings of the study may use as a guide for HR executives in elderly care centres.

Enabling technologies for AI empowered 6G massive radio access networks

Predictably, the upcoming six generation (6G) networks demand ultra-massive interconnectivity comprising densely congested sustainable small-to-tiny networks. The conventional radio access network (RAN) will be redesigned to provide the necessary intelligence in all areas to meet required network flexibility, full coverage, and massive access. In this respect, this paper focuses on intelligent massive RAN (mRAN) architecture and key technologies fulfilling the requirements. Particularly, we investigate potential artificial intelligence algorithms for network and resource management issues in 6G mRAN. Furthermore, we summarize the research issues in edge technologies and physical layer intelligence on 6G network architecture.

Toward a national eDNA strategy for the United States

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) data make it possible to measure and monitor biodiversity at unprecedented resolution and scale. As use‐cases multiply and scientific consensus grows regarding the value of eDNA analysis, public agencies have an opportunity to decide how and where eDNA data fit into their mandates. Within the United States, many federal and state agencies are individually using eDNA data in various applications and developing relevant scientific expertise. A national strategy for eDNA implementation would capitalize on recent scientific developments, providing a common set of next‐generation tools for natural resource management and public health protection. Such a strategy would avoid patchwork and possibly inconsistent guidelines in different agencies, smoothing the way for efficient uptake of eDNA data in management. Because eDNA analysis is already in widespread use in both ocean and freshwater settings, we focus here on applications in these environments. However, we foresee the broad adoption of eDNA analysis to meet many resource management issues across the nation because the same tools have immediate terrestrial and aerial applications.

Computational-Intelligence-Inspired Adaptive Opportunistic Clustering Approach for Industrial IoT Networks

The major issues and challenges of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) include network resource management, self-organization; routing, mobility, scalability, security, and data aggregation. Resource management in IIoT is a challenging issue, starting from the deployment and design of sensor nodes, networking at cross-layer, networking software development, application types, environmental conditions, monitoring user decisions, querying process, etc. In this paper, computational intelligence (CI) and its computing, such as neural networks and fuzzy logic, are used to tackle the challenges of resource management in the IIoT. The incorporation of the neuro-fuzzy technique into the IIoT contributes to the self-managing intelligence systems’ self-organizing and self-sustaining capabilities, offering real-time computations and services in a pervasive networking environment. Most of the problems in IIoT are realtime based; they require fast computation, real-time optimal solutions, and the need to be adaptive to the situation of the events and data traffic to achieve desired goals. Hence, neural networks and fuzzy sets would form appropriate candidates for implementing most of the computations involved in the issues of resource management in IIoT networks. A real-time test-bed network is simulated and implemented on the Crossbow mote (sensor node) using TinyOS.

The extractive industry and expectations of resource benefits: does CSR promote community well-being?

Purpose This paper aims to examine the effects of extractive activities on the well-being of local communities and assesses stakeholder expectations of resource benefits and the corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices of oil companies in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a qualitative approach based on an exploratory research design to investigate the opinions and experiences of stakeholders in the growing oil and gas industry in Ghana. Findings The empirical findings demonstrate that entry negotiated agreements and local content requirements in the offshore oil industry have minimal benefits because of the lack of linkages with the economies of local communities. Additionally, the nature of CSR practices within the extractive industry is directly traceable to the resource governance arrangements and plural logics in Ghana’s institutional context. Research limitations/implications This study only provides insights into natural resource governance and CSR issues in offshore oil and gas projects. Thus, the findings are not generalisable to the entire industry, including onshore drilling, which have other sustainability issues. Practical implications This research highlights the gap in natural resource management in Ghana and the effects of community expectations on CSR practices in the oil and gas industry. Therefore, this study posits the significance for including compliance requirements for improving the well-being of host communities in entry negotiated agreements and local contents. Originality/value By highlighting the nuanced issues in natural resource management within the oil and gas industry in Ghana, this paper makes significant contributions to the CSR and sustainability literature.

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE COMPANY'S HR STRATEGY

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE FORMATION OF THE COMPANY'S HR STRATEGY

Uncovering the Depletion Patterns of Inland Water Bodies via Remote Sensing, Data Mining, and Statistical Analysis

Addressing the issue of shrinking saline lakes around the globe has turned into one of the most pressing issues for sustainable water resource management. While it has been established that natural climate variability, human interference, climate change, or a combination of these factors can lead to the depletion of saline lakes, it is crucial to investigate each case and diagnose the potential causes of this devastating phenomenon. On that note, this study aims to promote a comprehensive analytical framework that can reveal any significant depletion patterns in lakes while analyzing the potential reasons behind these observed changes. The methodology used in this study is based on statistical analysis, data mining techniques, and remote sensing-based datasets. To achieve the objective of this study, Maharlou Lake has been selected to demonstrate the application of the proposed framework. The results revealed two types of depletion patterns in the lake’s surface area: a sharp breaking point in 2007/2008 and a gradual negative trend, which was more pronounced in dry seasons and less prominent in wet seasons. Furthermore, the analysis of hydro-climatic variables has indicated the presence of abrupt and gradual changes in these variables’ time series, which could be interpreted as a signal that climate change and anthropogenic drought are changing the basin’s status quo. Lastly, analyzing the statistically significant correlation between hydro-climatic variables and the lake’s surface area showed the potential connection between the observed changing patterns. The results obtained from data mining models suggest that Maharlou Lake has undergone a morphological transformation and is currently adopting these new conditions. If preventive measures are not taken to revive Maharlou Lake, the tipping point might have been reached, and reviving the lake could be improbable, if not impossible.

Exploring social networks in a small tank cascade system in Northcentral Sri Lanka: First steps to establishing adaptive governance

Systems of irrigation governance that are community-led, flexible, and adaptive are better suited to meet the needs of local communities, resolve conflicts and minimize risks posed by a changing climate. Small Tank Cascade Systems (STCS) in Sri Lanka's dry zone have been critical to ensuring food and livelihood securities of local communities, and governance of STCS to reduce future climate risks will assume increased significance. Adaptive co-management (ACM) practices could reconcile complex natural resources management issues by incorporating flexible community-based resource management systems tailored to specific geographical places and contexts, supported by organizations working at various scales. We sought opportunities to enhance existing systems of resource governance through ACM as a response to the uncertainty surrounding changes in climate. The first steps were to identify actors and processes related to the governance of Palugaswewa STCS through the cultivation meeting; a key decision process for resource management. We used social network analysis (SNA) with a survey of 48 farmers to identify key actors, their roles and responsibilities, practices and decision processes. The findings indicate that current decision processes are compartmentalized within the cascade system with less collaboration among actors in the upper, middle and lower parts of the cascade than anticipated. We conclude that governance structures of STCS could be improved by recognizing and incorporating informal actors, farmer subgroups, existing social relationships and community norms. To minimize future climate risks, information provision to farmers needs to recognize existing information flows in local networks, develop strategies to enhance existing relationships, build on existing adaptive/flexible decision processes, foster collaboration across the cascade system and develop governance mechanisms that operate at cascade/catchment level.

Constructive career development of Japanese local employees and the human resource employment strategies of Japanese overseas subsidiaries in Asia

Global human resources and overseas local hiring is a concept unique to Japan. Professor Kyomi Koizumi, Sagami Women's University, Japan, is conducting a study on constructive career development of Japanese local employee and human resource (HR) employment strategies of Japanese overseas subsidiaries in Asia. In this study, she is working closely with Associate Professor Akira Sugiyama, Tokyo University of Social Welfare. Key factors that led the researchers to this project are the anxiety and dissatisfaction experienced by local hires who are neither Japanese expatriates nor local staff but intermediaries between the two and a lack of understanding of a local subsidiary on the part of the Japanese HQ, which could lead to human resource management issues that could affect performance. Sugiyama and Koizumi are exploring whether establishing an effective strategy of hiring locally based Japanese nationals could enhance the competitiveness of Japanese companies in overseas markets. The project's focus on Japanese nationals who are already present in a variety of overseas regions and who may offer the best solution to the HR management needs of Japanese companies expanding overseas makes it truly unique. The researchers want to identify the elements and conditions necessary for Japan to once again become a leading country in Asia and the world. Their intention is that their research will lead to corporate activities and individual career design.

Applicability of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Federated Learning in Massive IoT Communications

To build intelligent model learning in conventional architecture, the local data are required to be transmitted toward the cloud server, which causes heavy backhaul congestion, leakage of personalization, and insufficient use of network resources. To address these issues, federated learning (FL) is introduced by offering a systematical framework that converges the distributed modeling process between local participants and the parameter server. However, the challenging issues of insufficient participant scheduling, aggregation policies, model offloading, and resource management still remain within conventional FL architecture. In this survey article, the state-of-the-art solutions for optimizing the orchestration in FL communications are presented, primarily querying the deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based autonomy approaches. The correlations between the DRL and FL mechanisms are described within the optimized system architectures of selected literature approaches. The observable states, configurable actions, and target rewards are inquired into to illustrate the applicability of DRL-assisted control toward self-organizing FL systems. Various deployment strategies for Internet of Things applications are discussed. Furthermore, this article offers a review of the challenges and future research perspectives for advancing practical performances. Advanced solutions in these aspects will drive the applicability of converged DRL and FL for future autonomous communication-efficient and privacy-aware learning.

The problems of functioning of the existent management system of defense resources of the security and defense of Ukraine sector

In the conditions of military aggression, resource limitation, actual transition to weapons, military equipment and standards of NATO member countries, the issue of centralization of the existing defense resource management system of the security and defense sector of Ukraine is becoming more and more urgent. A constellation of scientists was engaged in researching the issue of defense resource management, but new challenges are not taken into account in the construction of the existing defense resource management mechanism, which determines the relevance of this study. The paper is devoted to the analysis of the legal framework for the regulation of the defense resource management system. The paper highlights the problems of legislative regulation of the existing defense resource management system of the security and defense sector of Ukraine in the context of resource limitations and full-scale military aggression of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the paper is to identify and study the actual problems of the functioning of the existing defense resource management system of the security and defense sector of Ukraine. Identified inconsistencies and problems in the regulatory support of the defense resource management system. There is a well-founded need to establish a system of obtaining weapons, military equipment, and military materials with the international assistance of Lend-Lease partner countries, automating planning and provisioning processes at the tactical, operational, and strategic levels, bringing the resource provision system closer to the principles and standards of NATO member states. The domestic legislation does not sufficiently fully and effectively ensure the functioning of the existing defense resources management system of the security and defense sector of Ukraine. This requires a clear distribution of powers between the management bodies for each separate area of defense resource management, coordination of priorities, ways and measures for providing defense resources and taking into account the experience of advanced NATO countries for its implementation in the domestic system.

The use of antithesis and other contrastive relations in argumentation

This paper presents a study of use of the rhetorical figure of antithesis and other contrastive relations in several modern-day environmental science policy journal articles on issues of food security, climate change, and water resource management. The articles present the conflicting perspectives of environmentalists and engineers, i.e., the view that nature should be preserved and protected versus the view that it should be engineered to solve human problems. The main contribution of this paper is a taxonomy characterizing argumentative uses of contrastive relations in these articles based on our semantic/pragmatic interpretation of text including, in some cases, discourse coherence relations. The number of examples and the breadth of the taxonomy is indicative of the key role of contrastive relations in argumentation in this genre. This investigation is a necessary step towards comprehensive computational approaches to detecting antithesis and other contrastive relations and to identifying their argumentative roles.

The role of COP26 commitment and technological innovation in depletion of natural resources: Evidence from BRICS countries

Recently, twenty sixty Conference of the Parties (COP26) related to climate change provided guidelines for reducing the harmful emissions that affect the environmental and natural resources management. These environmental and natural resources management issue need researchers' attention. Hence, the current article examines the factor of environmental degradation such as carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and methane emissions and technology innovation's impact on the natural resources management in BRICS countries. The article has also taken industrialization as the control variable. The article has used the secondary data extracted from World Development Indicators (WDI) from 2001 to 2020. The research has applied the Cross-Sectionally Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) technique to examine the linkage among the variables. The results indicated that the CO2 emissions, methane emissions, economic growth and industrialization have a positive and significant, while technology innovation has a negative and significant linkage with natural resources depletion in BRICS countries. This research helps the upcoming studies in examining this area in the future and also guides the regulators to formulate effective policies to implement the COP26 commitments to reduce climate change and improve the natural resources management.

A Survey on Resource Management for Cloud Native Mobile Computing: Opportunities and Challenges

Fifth-generation mobile communication networks (5G)/Beyond 5G (B5G) can achieve higher data rates, more significant connectivity, and lower latency to provide various mobile computing service categories, of which enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine-type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC) are the three extreme cases. A symmetrically balanced mechanism must be considered in advance to fit the different requirements of such a wide variety of service categories and ensure that the limited resource capacity has been properly allocated. Therefore, a new network service architecture with higher flexibility, dispatchability, and symmetrical adaptivity is demanded. The cloud native architecture that enables service providers to build and run scalable applications/services is highly favored in such a setting, while a symmetrical resource allocation is still preserved. The microservice function in the cloud native architecture can further accelerate the development of various services in a 5G/B5G mobile wireless network. In addition, each microservice part can handle a dedicated service, making overall network management easier. There have been many research and development efforts in the recent literature on topics pertinent to cloud native, such as containerized provisioning, network slicing, and automation. However, there are still some problems and challenges ahead to be addressed. Among them, optimizing resource management for the best performance is fundamentally crucial given the challenge that the resource distribution in the cloud native architecture may need more symmetry. Thus, this paper will survey cloud native mobile computing, focusing on resource management issues of network slicing and containerization.

Mining dust as a health threat to employees of extraction departments of coal mines

Mining dust as a health threat to employees of extraction departments of coal mines

The Concept of Employers Brand-the Case of Heineken

Organizational managers and the academic community have converged in recent years in recognizing human capital as a valuable resource at the base of operating in markets that are increasingly based on knowledge and skills. This perspective has been reinforced by the rapid development of organizational competition, at the level of locating, attracting and maintaining the appropriate labor force. Competition between organizations, known as the 'war for talent', has become a central issue in strategic human resource management and has been argued to be increasingly intense. The reason behind, may be that jobs are becoming more and more complex, while achieving high levels of organizational performance requires more and more innovative solutions to problems that depend on highly skilled and quality workers. Organizations should develop processes to enhance understanding of the behaviors and attitudes of talented employees (potential and existing). These should keep pace with contemporary social and demographic trends and the strengthening of the labor force migration phenomenon. The concept of employer brand, on the one hand, has to do with attracting strong talent, but equally important is the attraction and retention of the right employees, in the right conditions, contexts and constraints. This article dealt with the concept of employer brand, having as research objective the thorough study of the concept, analyzing the Heineken organization based on the case study technique. The organization was chosen as it is a prime example of employer branding, which can provide valuable lessons for today's organizations.

TALENT MANAGEMENT ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY

The article examines the issues of human resource (talent) management in the context of the digital economy. It presents the role of human resources in the formation of the digital economy, the importance of human resource management, the disadvantages of traditional human resource management systems and the need to switch to digital human resources management systems. At the end of the article, it was indicated what the new digital human resources management systems should be, the introduction of artificial intelligence into human resource management at 3 levels was proposed – the recruitment procedure, talents training and support and talents assessment procedure, as well as a description of how this should be implemented. It was also suggested that the Government of the Republic of Armenia become a part of this procedure by providing tax incentives to companies that invest in the creation of a digital human resources management system.

ЕКОЛОГІЧНА СКЛАДОВА УПРАВЛІННЯ ЗЕМЕЛЬНИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ В ОТГ ЯК ВАЖЛИВИЙ ЧИННИК РЕСУРСОЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ І РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНУ

The article is devoted to the study of the ecological state of land in Ukraine and the Kharkiv region, as well as the issue of land resource management in the OTG for the purpose of land protection. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, graphic (when studying the state of land resources, organic production), system-analytical, inductive (for summarizing research results, forming conclusions and recommendations). The main problems of the ecological condition of land resources in Ukraine and in the Kharkiv region were identified and investigated. It was established that the level of fertility of the region is sufficient for agricultural production, but there are a number of negative factors: mining of a large part of the territory, soil degradation, exogenous geological processes. A significant negative impact of military operations and minefields on the state of the environment and, in particular, on land resources in the occupied part of the Kharkiv region was revealed. It may take decades to eliminate the adverse factors caused by war. The development of the production of organic products in Ukraine was analyzed. The dynamics of the export of organic products from Ukraine to the EU countries was studied, as well as the volume of sales on the domestic market was analyzed. On the basis of the conducted research, it is proposed to stimulate organic production in UTC for the development of the region and filling of the local budget. The management of land resources from the point of view of environmental problems in the context of decentralization of power was studied using the example of the Zmiiv urban territorial community. The plan of environmental measures of the governing body of the Zmiiv city territorial community was studied. A number of preventive measures are proposed for further improvement of the ecological condition of land resources. One way to improve the environmental situation in the Kharkiv region is to involve representatives of local businesses and volunteers in environmental and environmental protection measures. The organization of such events should be carried out by the governing body of the united territorial community.

Determinants of Employee Job Satisfaction: An Empirical Analysis of the Banking Sector in Bangladesh

The most hotly contested issues in the field of organizational behavior are around issues of human resource management, organizational management, and employee happiness. This paper uses interviews and surveys of bank workers to identify factors that contribute to job satisfaction. This study aims to measure the impact of job pressure, supervision of management, compensation and benefits, working environment, job security, training, and development on the employee satisfaction of the banking sector and how they affect the overall job satisfaction of bank employees in Bangladesh. Convenience sampling methods were used to collect data from 160 employees from both public and private banks. SPSS 25 version used as statistical tools. The findings of the study reveal that job pressure, supervision of management, job security, training, and development impact overall employee satisfaction. On the other hand, compensation, benefits, and the working environment have no significant impact on the overall job satisfaction of bank employees. For the banking system in Bangladesh to flourish, the relevant authorities must accordingly address these critical elements. The findings of this research can inform policymakers on what influences workers' happiness on the job. When the authority has a firm grasp on what its employees want and need, it can better manage its workforce, boost employee loyalty, and boost customer satisfaction. The study's findings offer draconian recommendations for the financial services industry. This study opens up a new scope for academicians to work on employee job satisfaction in different financial and non-financial sectors; additional research can be done while taking them into account.