Temperature Resistance Research Articles

Synthesis and oxidation behavior of Ti-Zr-Ta(Hf) high entropy carbide nanopowders by sol-gel method

Multi-component solid solution carbide is a promising material due to its excellent mechanical strength, thermal stability, and resistance to chemical corrosion. In this study, we intentionally designed and synthesized three types of solid solution carbide powders using the sol-gel method: (Ti1/3Zr1/3Ta1/3)C, (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)C and (Ti1/4Zr1/4Ta1/4Hf1/4)C. The results show that the liquid-phase precursor undergoes pyrolysis at 800 °C and subsequently form homogeneous single face-centered cubic structure solid solutions upon thermal treatment at temperatures exceeding 1800 °C. The obtained powders exhibited ultra-fine and uniform particle sizes of 340 nm, 248 nm, and 401 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the oxidation behavior of the three types of carbide powders in air shows that Hf and Ta elements are of great significance in improving oxidation resistance. The solid solution of Hf increases the initial oxidation temperature, while Ta tends to form a complex oxide with Zr, which helps to improve the oxidation temperature resistance. This work therefore contributes filling the gap of employing the sol-gel method in the fabrication of multi-component solid solution carbide materials and provides novel insights into their synthesis mechanism and oxidation behaviours.

Core-Shell Composite Nanofibers with High Temperature Resistance, Hydrophobicity and Breathability for Efficient Daytime Passive Radiative Cooling.

Radiative cooling technology, which is renowned for its ability to dissipate heat without energy consumption, has garnered immense interest. However, achieving high performance, multifunctionality, and smart integration while addressing challenges such as film thickness and enhancing anisotropic light reflection remains challenging. In this study, a core-shell composite nanofiber, PVDF@PEI, is introduced and designed primarily from a symmetry-breaking perspective to develop highly efficient radiative cooling materials. Using a combination of solvent-induced phase separation (EIPS) inverse spinning and (aggregation) self-assembly methods (EISA or EIAA) and coaxial electrostatic spinning (ES), superconformal surface anisotropic porous nanofiber membranes are fabricated. These membranes exhibit exceptional thermal stability (up to 210°C), high hydrophobicity (contact angle of 126°), robust UV protection (exceeding 99%), a fluorescence multiplication effect (with a 0.6% increase in fluorescence quantum efficiency), and good breathability. These properties enable the material to excel in a wide range of application scenarios. Moreover, this material achieved a remarkable daytime cooling temperature of 8°C. The development of this fiber membrane offers significant advancements in the field of wearables and the multifunctionality of materials, paving new paths for future research and innovation.

Optimization of cooling process under varied pulsed conditions in multi-stage thermoelectric systems

This paper addresses the issue of thermoelectric cooling in a pulsed quasi-steady state (repetitive) condition. This situation occurs, for example, for an electronic integrated circuit performing demanding tasks in a discontinuous manner. Using heat reservoirs of selected capacity that are part of the thermoelectric system and appropriate shaping of the time profile of the supplied electrical current, cooling temperatures not achievable in the steady state for the system can be reached in a pulsed manner for a specified period. This process is subject to optimisation. The analysis was carried out for a two-stage system with an internal (interstage) heat reservoir of a given thermal capacity. The aim of the study was to find the relationship between the level of the supercooling temperature, its repeatability and the ability to maintain this temperature for a given time. To this end, two supply current waveforms were adopted and optimised both without and with contact thermal resistance in the system. The lowest subcooling temperature of about 7 K lower than the steady-state temperature was obtained for a very long period and a very short holding time. Decreasing the period or increasing the holding time results in a non-linear increase in temperature. Similar effects are obtained for the contact thermal resistance present in each layer. A full map of the period-thermal resistance–temperature relationship was determined, as well as the supercooling potential curves.

Variations of the elemental composition distribution over the thickness of YBa2Cu3O7-δ thin films obtained by pulsed laser deposition from one target

Epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7‒δ (YBCO) films 150-200 and 300 nm thick, respectively, were deposited on SrTiO3 (100) substrates by pulsed laser deposition at different conditions: with and without using the velocity filtration technique. The films have T(R=0) in the range of 77.4 - 87 R(T) depending on the conditions of deposition from one target with YBa2Cu3O6.8 composition. The films contain Zn, Sr, Pd, Ag and Ti impurity elements obtained from the target (a total of no more than 2 at. % ). Data of the film resistance temperature dependences, X-ray phase analysis, analysis of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectra and study of the surface relief by SEM methods revealed the nonuniform distributions of impurity and matrix Y, Ba, Cu elements over the film depth. Impurity concentrations near the surface lead to the formation of faceted spiral pyramids on the surface, which probably evolve into large elongated particles according to the Ostwald mechanism. This knowledge is practically important for optimizing pulsed laser deposition technologies and creating 2D instruments and devices for studying physical phenomena.

Pt-Ta microhotplate with low resistance temperature coefficient and low resistance drift

Micro thermal plates are widely used in various sensors in the aerospace and automotive fields. With the reduction of chip size and the development of MEMS, micro thermal plates are also moving towards integration. The device failure caused by the Pt film at high temperatures seriously affects the stability of the sensor, and degradation determines the sensor's operating temperature and service life. In this paper, Pt, Pt-Ta, and Pt-Pd microcalorimetric plates were prepared and analyzed for their sintering behavior, microstructure, electrical properties, and high-temperature stability using co-firing of resistors and alumina substrates. The film layers prepared by co-firing were better matched to the alumina substrate, and the sintered network of the film layers was better. The Pt-10%Ta microthermal plate has a 46% lower resistance temperature coefficient TCR compared to the Pt microthermal plate, and the resistance drift at 800°C is reduced to 2.11%/Day. And even at 1100°C, the Pt-Ta system also has a very low resistance drift -12%/Day (Pt26.6% /Day and Pt-Pd35.18%/Day) with improved high temperature stability. The addition of Ta allows the membrane layer to have fewer voids at high temperatures, reinforcing the high temperature characteristics of the resistance thermometer. It improves the stability and accuracy of the heating plate in high temperature gas sensor applications.

Effects of Ni cation ratio and sintering temperature on microstructure and electrical properties of NiMnCoO4-based ceramics

Negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors as temperature sensors play an important role in various electrical/electronic devices and are widely applied in the fields such as, automotive sensor modules, home appliances and control applications. The electrical properties of NTC thermistors can be effectively controlled by regulating the content of their chemical components or changing the microstructures. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of Ni cation ratio and sintering temperature on microstructures, crystal structures, and electrical properties of NiMnCoO4-based ceramics. With increasing Ni content, it was found that sinterability of NiMnCoO4-based ceramics was decreased with forming rock-salt phase of NiO, resulting in degrading resistivity. Furthermore, the spinel structures were detected by X-ray diffraction analysis regardless of sintering temperatures. Notably, values of average grain size for sintered samples were increased with increasing sintering temperature. Besides, it was clarified that electrical properties were significantly influenced by average grain size. The room temperature resistivity was increased from approximately 300 kΩ⋅cm for the sintered sample at 1100°C to about 600 kΩ⋅cm for for the sintered sample at 1300oC. On the other hand, the B(25/85) constant was not significantly influenced by the sintering temperature. Accordingly, it is expected that the results of this study are useful for controlling electrical properties of MnCoNiO4-based ceramics.

Rapidly one-step fabrication of durable superhydrophobic graphene surface with high temperature resistance and self-clean

High temperature resistant and self-cleaning superhydrophobic flexible film has potential application value in lunar exploration. In this paper, a novel method of magnetic field-assisted ultrafast laser induced plasma was proposed to fabricate strongly superhydrophobic graphene on polyimide film with multi-level micro-nano structure. The longitudinal magnetic field contributed to constrain the induced plasma in the lateral direction so as to form a plasma plume with high temperature and high energy density. The multi-level micro-nano graphene structures with better ordering and superhydrophobicity were fabricated, which had a contact angle of 163.1° and a roll-off angle of 1.5°, as well as hydrophobic CC bond content of 72.82 %. The droplets can achieve obvious bouncing at different heights of 1 cm and 5 cm on surfaces at different angles of 0°, 5° and 10°. The contact angle was still greater than 160° after 25 days of aging treatment and heating at 300 °C for 40 min. The water droplets before and after the heating of the sample can push the dust off the surface, showing excellent high temperature resistance and self-cleaning performance.

Hybrid Effect of Metakaolin and Nano-Silica on Mechanical and Durability Parameters of Mortar

The incorporation of pozzolanic materials such as nano silica and metakaolin in cementitious materials has gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential to improve the mechanical and durability properties of cement-based composites. This thesis investigates the hybrid effect of nano silica and metakaolin on the mechanical and durability properties of cement mortar. The research work involved the preparation of cement mortar specimens with varying proportions of nano silica and metakaolin, which were then subjected to a series of mechanical and durability tests. The mechanical tests included compressive strength, while the durability tests included water absorption and elevated temperature test. The study showed that the addition of both nano silica and metakaolin to cement mortar resulted in a significant improvement in the mechanical properties of the mortar. Additionally, the hybrid effect of nano silica and metakaolin resulted in enhanced durability of the cement mortar, with a significant reduction in water absorption and improved temperature resistance. The findings of this study will have significant implications for the development of sustainable and durable cementitious materials. The use of pozzolanic materials such as nano silica and metakaolin can reduce the consumption of cement and the associated carbon footprint while also improving the durability and long-term performance of cement-based composites. Overall, this study suggests that the incorporation of nano silica and metakaolin can lead to significant improvements in the mechanical and durability properties of cement mortar, making it a promising material for use in various construction applications.

Photothermal/magnetothermal coupled polyphenylene sulfide composite membranes for ultra-efficient and continuous seawater desalination

As the population continues to expand and industrialization gathers pace, the rate at which freshwater resources are dwindling is alarming. Solar desalination technology has shown encouraging results in generating clean water. However, solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology still faces a series of major challenges, specifically manifested in its low efficiency, poor chemical stability, and the tendency for salt crystallization to accumulate on the evaporation surface during operation. In this work, we proposed a novel magneto/photo-thermal coupled evaporator based on polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) fibrous membrane, which showed excellent high temperature and corrosion resistance. This non-contact responsive interfacial evaporator exhibited outstanding photothermal and magnetothermal conversion performance properties. Under one solar illumination, the evaporation rate of this evaporator could reach 1.52 kg m−2 h−1, corresponding to an evaporation efficiency of 91.84 %. In addition, under a magnetic field power of 2 kW m−2, the evaporator could achieve a remarkable evaporation rate of 4.2 kg m−2 h−1 under one solar illumination, with an evaporation efficiency of up to 93.77 %. Moreover, it also exhibited superb salt resistance, great mechanical properties, long-term operational stability, and outstanding dye purification property. Furthermore, by integrating the thermoelectric generator with the evaporator and utilizing the waste heat from the evaporation process to generate electricity, the efficiency of energy utilization has been improved. The interfacial evaporator opens up vast prospects for efficient and rapid clean water production, demonstrating significant potential and advantages.

Genome-wide analysis of fatty acid desaturase (FAD) gene family in Camellia sinensis: Identification, expression and their biochemical functions in low temperature resistance

Fatty acid desaturase (FAD) is critical for unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) biosynthesis and plays crucial roles in plants' response to low temperature. Nevertheless, a comprehensive genomic analysis of the FAD gene family in Camellia sinensis remain unreported. This study employed bioinformatics to identify 17 CsFAD genes, which are unequally distributed across 9 chromosomes. CsFAD proteins are localized to chloroplasts and/or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by subcellular localization predictions. Phylogenetic categorization divides CsFADs into six subfamilies. The cis-elements are related to hormonal regulation and adversity response. Additionally, differential expression patterns of CsFADs across various tissues were observed. qRT-PCR analysis revealed a marked upregulation in the expression of CsSLD3 and CsSLD4 (encoding sphingolipid Δ8 desaturase) under cold stress conditions. Moreover, subcellular localization assays in tobacco leaves confirmed the presence of CsSLD3 and CsSLD4 within ER. Yeast heterologous expression demonstrated the capacity of CsSLD3/4 to transform ceramide(t18:0) into ceramide(t18:1), and overexpression of CsSLD3/4 enhanced yeast tolerance to low temperature. Thus, this comprehensive analysis of the CsFAD gene family furnishes a robust foundation for future study into the biological functions of CsFAD genes, and offers a profound insight into their regulatory roles in stress resilience.

Controlled Vapor-Liquid-Solid Growth of Long and Remarkably Thin Pb1-xSnxTe Nanowires with Strain-Tunable Ferroelectric Phase Transition.

The Pb1-xSnxTe family of compounds possess a wide range of intriguing and useful physical properties, including topologically protected surface states, robust ferroelectricity, remarkable thermoelectric properties, and potential topological superconductivity. Compared to bulk crystals, one-dimensional (1D) nanowires (NWs) offer a unique platform to enhance the functional properties and enable new capabilities, e.g., to realize 1D Majorana zero modes for quantum computations. However, it has been challenging to achieve controlled synthesis of ultrathin Pb1-xSnxTe (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nanowires in the truly 1D region. In this work, we report on a Au-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of remarkably thin (20-30 nm) and sufficiently long (several to tens of micrometers) Pb1-xSnxTe nanowires of high single-crystalline quality in a controlled fashion. This controlled growth was achieved by enhancing the incorporation of Te into the Au catalyst particle to facilitate the precipitation of the Sn/Pb species and suppress the enlargement of the particle, which we identified as a major challenge for the growth of ultrathin nanowires. Our growth strategy can be easily extended to other compound and alloy nanowires, where the constituent elements have different incorporation rates into the catalyst particle. Furthermore, the growth of thin Pb1-xSnxTe nanowires enabled strain-dependent electrical transport measurements, which shows an enhancement of electrical resistance and ferroelectric transition temperature induced by uniaxial tensile strain along the nanowire axial direction, consistent with density functional theory calculations of the structural phase stability.

A multifunctional Mg2Si5Al4O18/Y2Si2O7 glass-ceramic coating for porous Si3N4 ceramic

In order to enhance the oxidation and moisture resistance of porous Si3N4 ceramics, here we design a novel Y2O3-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic coating through a straightforward scraping process followed by sintering method. The crystalline phase, water absorption, dielectric properties and high temperature resistance of the coating are evaluated systematically. The result shows that the coating obtained by sintering at 1200 °C for 30 min exhibits high density, with an approximate thickness of 88 ± 5 μm. The crystalline phases present in the coating are composed of Mg2Si5Al4O18 and Y2Si2O7. The water absorption rate of the coating is only 0.59 %, and its dielectric constant ranges from 3.3 to 3.4 in the frequency range of 2–20 GHz, with a low dielectric loss tangent below 4 × 10−3. After exposure to high-temperature (1000 °C for 30 min), no significant changes are observed in the microstructure or water absorption rate of the coating. Therefore, this study has successfully developed a multifunctional glass-ceramic coating that is moisture-proof, high-temperature resistant, and exhibits low dielectric loss.

Multi-Parameter Experimental Investigation on the Characteristics of Acidizing Effectiveness in High-Temperature Carbonate Formation

Carbonate formation is the key reservoir in Sichuan Basin for natural gas development. Compared with the early stage of development, the burial depth of targeted formation becomes deeper, and the formation temperature gets higher. So, the characteristics of acidizing effectiveness in high-temperature carbonate formations make this evaluation slightly difficult. Currently, it is common that a single parameter is considered to study acidizing effectiveness by simulation and experiment methods. In this paper, for a more accurate investigation of acidizing effectiveness, multiple parameters, including permeability change rate, fracture conductivity, and surface roughness, were introduced by a series of experiments. It is revealed that the permeability change rate is more than 57% when using gelled acid. As the amount of diverting agent increases in diverting acid, the viscosity of the acid grows to its peak with the reaction, making it easier to block the high permeability core temporarily and divert to acidify the low permeability core, where the permeability change rate of the low permeability core goes from 51.6% to 64.2%, which shows well acidizing effectiveness. In addition, the short-term and long-term conductivity of the samples from the three different formations are more than 200 mD∙m under high closure stress. The conductivity of Maokou Formation is the largest due to its high content of carbonate minerals and high dissolution rate. And the results of long-term conductivity are consistent with those of surface roughness, making the evaluation results more reliable for acidizing effectiveness. It is worth noting that temperature is a factor that cannot be ignored in the evaluation of acidizing effectiveness because it has a great influence on the performance of the acid system, such as viscosity and the reaction-reduced rate, leading to an acidizing effectiveness affect. So, the temperature resistance of an acid system is important as well.

Shape memory resin with high temperature resistance for plugging fracture formations drilled with oil-based drilling fluid

Lost circulation usually occurs when drilling fracture formations using oil-based drilling fluids (OBDFs). This study synthesized the shape memory epoxy resins (EHN) with a glass transition temperature range of 94–122 °C. They exhibited good thermal stability and dynamical mechanism performance. The EHN did not swell in oil at different temperatures; however, its shape changed with temperature. Optimized by an orthogonal experiment, the thickness swelling rate prepared under the optimal conditions was more than 74%. The particle size reduction rate did not exceed 5% after aging at 150 °C in oil, which was less than 1/4 of that of the nutshell. The EHN1 with a glass transition temperature of 122 °C, prepared under the optimal conditions (OEHN1), was utilized to control lost circulation in OBDF at high temperatures. At a heating rate of 1–10 °C/min, the shape memory rate of OEHN1 required 14–107 min to reach 100% in the temperature range of 30–150 °C, respectively. The shape memory recovery rate of OEHN1 reached to 10, 28, 57, and 97% at 80, 100, 120, and 125 °C within 60 min, respectively. In addition, it required 4–10 min to recover to 100% at 135–150 °C, respectively. OEHN1 did not recover below 80 °C, partially recovered between 80 and 120 °C, and completely recovered above 125 °C (>glass transition temperature). When plugging the wedge fracture with inlet/outlet fracture widths of 3/1 mm at 80–150 °C, formula 2 (F2) containing OEHN1 exhibited lower fluid loss and stabler pressure-bearing capacity under 15 MPa. When plugging the wedge fracture with inlet/outlet fracture widths of 4/2 mm, F2 withstood a pressure of 5 MPa at 80 °C and 15 MPa at 120 °C and 150 °C. Further, OEHN1 exhibited excellent temperature responsiveness and plugging performance. They transformed from the glassy to rubber state following full activation at 125–150 °C. They became elastic particles, expanded from flakes to cubes, and could adapt to different crack sizes. In addition, they bridged, accumulated, filled, and formed compact cracks with other lost circulation materials. Consequently, they formed a force-chain network that improved the stability of the plugging layer.

Pt thin-film resistance thermo detectors with stable interfaces for potential integration in SiC high-temperature pressure sensors

Due to the excellent mechanical, chemical, and electrical properties of third-generation semiconductor silicon carbide (SiC), pressure sensors utilizing this material might be able to operate in extreme environments with temperatures exceeding 300 °C. However, the significant output drift at elevated temperatures challenges the precision and stability of measurements. Real-time in situ temperature monitoring of the pressure sensor chip is highly important for the accurate compensation of the pressure sensor. In this study, we fabricate platinum (Pt) thin-film resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) on a SiC substrate by incorporating aluminum oxide (Al2O3) as the transition layer and utilizing aluminum nitride (AlN) grooves for alignment through microfabrication techniques. The composite layers strongly adhere to the substrate at temperatures reaching 950 °C, and the interface of the Al2O3/Pt bilayer remains stable at elevated temperatures of approximately 950 °C. This stability contributes to the excellent high-temperature electrical performance of the Pt RTD, enabling it to endure temperatures exceeding 850 °C with good linearity. These characteristics establish a basis for the future integration of Pt RTD in SiC pressure sensors. Furthermore, tests and analyses are conducted on the interfacial diffusion, surface morphological, microstructural, and electrical properties of the Pt films at various annealing temperatures. It can be inferred that the tensile stress and self-diffusion of Pt films lead to the formation of hillocks, ultimately reducing the electrical performance of the Pt thin-film RTD. To increase the upper temperature threshold, steps should be taken to prevent the agglomeration of Pt films.

Femtosecond Pulsed Laser Machining of Fused Silica for Micro-Cavities with Sharp-Corners

Abstract Fused silica is the preferred material for applications requiring high temperature resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and excellent optical properties. The machining of micro-cavities on fused silica surfaces is of particular interest for microfluidic manipulation, mechanical locking, and miniaturization of high-quality optical waveguides, but it still remains technically challenging via traditional manufacturing techniques especially for micro cavities with sharp corners. In the present study, the machining of micro-cavities in fused silica by a femtosecond laser-based method has been investigated numerically and experimentally. The effects of laser machining conditions, including laser power, laser scanning speed, laser incidence angle, and laser-off delay time, on the sidewall slope and bottom surface roughness of the micro-cavities were comprehensively investigated. The results indicated that laser power played a crucially important role in determining the sidewall slope of the micro-cavity, and the laser scanning speed had a significant influence on the bottom surface roughness. Furthermore, the sidewall slope of the micro-cavity was linearly increased as the laser incidence angle increases. By using a laser incidence angle of 10° and a laser-off delay time of 280 ms, a micro-cavity with sidewall slopes close to right angles (10°) was fabricated. This study confirms that femtosecond laser machining is an effective method for fabricating micro-cavities with sharp corners on fused silica surfaces, and the appropriate laser machining conditions should be considered based on practical application scenarios.

The Carrying Behavior of Water-Based Fracturing Fluid in Shale Reservoir Fractures and Molecular Dynamics of Sand-Carrying Mechanism

Water-based fracturing fluid has recently garnered increasing attention as an alternative oilfield working fluid for propagating reservoir fractures and transporting sand. However, the low temperature resistance and stability of water-based fracturing fluid is a significant limitation, restricting the fracture propagation and gravel transport. To effectively ameliorate the temperature resistance and sand-carrying capacity, a modified cross-linker with properties adaptable to varying reservoir conditions and functional groups was synthesized and chemically characterized. Meanwhile, a multifunctional collaborative progressive evaluation device was developed to investigate the rheology and sand-carrying capacity of fracturing fluid. Utilizing molecular dynamics simulations, the thickening mechanism of the modified cross-linker and the sand-carrying mechanism of the fracturing fluid were elucidated. Results indicate that the designed cross-linker provided a high viscosity stability of 130 mPa·s and an excellent sand-carrying capacity of 15 cm2 at 0.3 wt% cross-linker content. Additionally, increasing reservoir pressure exhibited enhanced thickening and sand-carrying capacities. However, a significant inverse relationship was observed between reservoir temperature and sand-carrying capacity, attributed to changes in the drag coefficient and thickener adsorption. These results verified the effectiveness of the cross-linker in enhancing fluid viscosity and sand-carrying capacity as a modified cross-linker for water-based fracturing fluid.

Preliminary characterization of glycerin, gelatin, propylene glycol, and cellulose based substrates for application in green microelectronics

In this study, the potential of biopolymer-based films for printed electronics was investigated. Three different tapes were prepared using a modified tape casting method, with compositions including glycerin, propylene glycol, and cellulose combined with gelatin. The films were evaluated for their temperature resistance, dielectric properties, and water absorption. The results indicated that the film with propylene glycol exhibited the highest temperature resistance, making it suitable for further application in electronic devices. Additionally, the dielectric properties were stable across the tested frequency range, and further research on biopolymer based biodegradable substrates is recommended for environmentally friendly electronics.

Drawing on bionics, a flexible silica fiber paper is designed with high temperature resistance and hydrophobic properties

In this paper, a flexible silica fiber paper (SFP) made of silica ceramic with excellent high-temperature resistance was prepared. After modification with fluorosilane, the contact angle of the modified fiber paper with water was 153°. At the same time, the modified fiber paper maintains the superhydrophobic properties even after high-temperature heat treatment (150 ± 1° after treatment at 400 °C) and shows excellent hydrophobic performance at high temperatures. The produced ceramic inorganic fiber paper has good comprehensive properties and is a promising skin material for aircraft.

Invasion Characteristics of Marginal Water under the Control of High-Permeability Zones and Its Influence on the Development of Vertical Heterogeneous Gas Reservoirs

In-depth understanding of the gas–water seepage law caused by different degrees of gas layer perforation and varying gas production rates is key to determining a reasonable development technology policy for vertical heterogeneous edge-water gas reservoirs. Based on core physical data from the entire section of the X2 well, a large-scale high-pressure positive-rhythm profile model that takes into account the influence of “discontinuous interlayer” was innovatively established. The water intrusion process of the gas layer profile under different gas production rates and degrees of gas layer perforation was simulated using an electrical resistivity scanning device. The experimental model has an area of 3000 cm2, with a maximum pressure of 70 MPa and a maximum temperature resistance of 150 °C. It includes 456 evenly distributed fluid saturation test points to accurately monitor the gas–water distribution, addressing the issues of small bearing pressure and insufficient saturation monitoring points found in other large-scale models. The experimental results show that, in heterogeneous reservoirs, the high-permeability zone controls the invasion path of edge water, which is the main reason for the uneven invasion of edge water. For the positive-rhythm profile of the F layer, a higher gas production rate (1000 mL/min) shortens the water-free gas recovery period of the gas well and reduces the recovery rate. Perforating the upper two-thirds of the layer can inhibit edge-water breakthrough, prolong the water-free gas recovery period of the gas well, enable the gas–water interface to advance more uniformly, and enhance the recovery degree. The results of this study greatly enhance our understanding of the water invasion characteristics of positive-rhythm reservoirs under the influence of different gas production rates and varying degrees of gas layer perforation.