Resilience Perspective Research Articles

Resilience perspective on healthcare professionals’ adaptations to changes and challenges resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic: a meta-synthesis

ObjectiveTo identify, review and synthesise qualitative literature on healthcare professionals’ adaptations to changes and challenges resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignSystematic review with meta-synthesis.Data sourcesAcademic Search Elite, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, Science...

Reflections of South African educators on the enablement of at-risk learners with protective systems via the Read-me-to-Resilience intervention

Resilience-promoting interventions, such as the Read-me-to-Resilience intervention strategy, that consists of culturally relevant indigenous stories has been shown to encourage resilience in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) orphans. In this study, educator participants reflected on the protective systems that the Read-me-to-Resilience stories might offer for at-risk learners within their school context. Resilience protective systems include self-regulation, attachment relationships, agency and mastery motivation systems, cultural traditions and religion, cognitive competence and meaning making. The exploration of the Read-me-to-Resilience intervention as a protective strategy was rooted in the social-ecological perspective of resilience, which focuses on positive adjustment to adversity through resilience protective systems. Fifteen South African educators were requested to implement the Read-me-to-Resilience intervention strategy within their school context. Participation in the study was voluntary. An explorative qualitative research approach was used. Three unstructured focus-group interviews were conducted, and research diaries were kept by the participants. The educator participants reported that the indigenous African stories had promoted problem-solving and leadership skills, personal positive strengths and attachment relationships and had stimulated renewed appreciation for resources within the traditional African culture. Relevant literature on protective systems for resilience development supports my research findings. It is proposed that culturally relevant stories, as an inexpensive strategy, should be utilised within the school community to promote adaptive and preventive protective systems for at-risk learners.

Evaluation of Safety Management of Smart Construction Sites from the Perspective of Resilience

In the context of green, low-carbon, and sustainable construction, the safety management of smart construction sites has been a key issue. Current related research mainly focuses on the application of technology, but lacks methods to evaluate the safety management level. Therefore, this research aims to construct a smart construction site safety management evaluation model from a resilience perspective. First, this research identified and screened the indicators initially based on the 4R resilience characteristics and 4M theory by analyzing the policy texts of smart construction site safety management. Then, through expert consultation, the ISM model of resilience indicators was established to determine the evaluation indicator system of smart construction site safety management. Next, the weight of each indicator was determined with the help of the analytic network process, and the evaluation criteria of the indicators were formulated according to the existing specifications and expert interviews; then, the evaluation model of smart construction site safety management was established. Finally, the feasibility of the model was proved through a case study. The findings of the research show that in terms of weights, management has the highest score, followed by media, man, and machine. However, more resilience measures are used for the safety management of machine than the other three in policy texts. Obviously, there is a deviation between weights and resilience characteristics. These findings help reveal the current situation of safety management at smart construction sites, which is of great significance for improving resilience. The findings also help smart construction sites to realize the upgrading of safety, efficiency, and greenness, and promote the sustainable development of smart construction sites as well as the construction industry.

Urban rivers health assessment based on the concept of resilience using improved FCM-EWM-MABAC model

Urban rivers are vital for urbanization and regional economic development, which can provide water for living, industrial and agricultural needs of urban residents, and regulate the hydrological environment in the urban. The exploration of urban rivers health based on resilience theory can provide important reference for urban rivers restoration and resilience urban construction. To this purpose, this study explores the health status of Jialu River during 2011–2020 from the perspective of resilience. First, a comprehensive indicator system based on the resilience theory was established for the health analysis of urban rivers. Second, an urban rivers resilience index (URRI) was developed utilizing the improved FCM-EWM-MABAC method to accurately illuminate the health states of urban rivers. Final, the health state of Jialu River from 2011 to 2022 was diagnosed using the comprehensive indicator system and URRI. Our results suggested that the Jialu River’s health state showed a rapid improvement trend from ordinary state in 2011 to good state in 2020. The health status of resistance, recovery and adaptability subsystems displayed different degrees of improvement during the study period, and the growth trend of adaptability subsystem was the most obvious. Over the past decade, the resilience state of Jialu River had improved by implementing a series of governance measures, but there is still room for improvement. This study can provide significant references for future work on the water resource conservation and sustainable development in rapidly economic developing regions.

Hybrid warfare and disinformation: A Ukraine war perspective

AbstractMisinformation, disinformation and mal information are part of the information disorder construct, dominating the information warfare domain. These are key enablers associated with grey zone operations, and an integral part of current adversaries' and competitors' hybrid warfare tool kit. Disinformation, in combination with influence operations, also plays an important role within the concept of hybrid warfare; both from a threat–and own resilience perspective. This article reflects on these information warfare tools and their application by Russia in the current Russo‐Ukraine war, offering potentially considerable force multipliers in the information domain for the Russian aggressor. Hybrid warfare and associated threats, specifically focusing on aspects of information warfare, disinformation, deception (typically within the context of political activity or warfare so commonly associated with Russian active measures) and as part of an adversary's grey zone operations approach are all discussed raising awareness towards building resilience by means of a comprehensive approach to counter such threats to national security.

Economic evaluation of redundancy design for transportation networks under disruptions: Framework and case study

Adding transportation network redundancy is an effective strategy to hedge against disruptions in the pre-disaster planning stage. However, given the low frequency of disruptions and large financial cost of redundancy design, the economic feasibility of redundancy design has always been challenged. This paper develops a framework to investigate the economic feasibility of adding redundancy to road networks in the pre-disaster planning stage by considering network-wide benefits and stochastic disruption scenarios. Specifically, the redundancy of road networks is defined as route diversity, which refers to the number of behaviorally alternative routes between each origin-destination pair. The redundancy design schemes are formulated by adding parallel links to critical links in current road networks, as these added links provide alternative routes for numerous travelers when the critical links are disrupted. As the redundancy of a transportation system is not only accessible under disruptions but also on duty in normal states, this paper estimates the benefits of redundancy design for road networks in both normal and disruptive states. The Winnipeg network is then used in the case study with the focus on adding redundant bridges. Results indicate that the benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of adding one redundant bridge is 3.51 and redundancy design in road networks is economically feasible. Since the value of BCR is sensitive to the discount rate and the performance of disruptive events, the related data should be collected cautiously when estimating the benefits of redundancy design in practice. Meanwhile, we observe the diminishing marginal effect in the addition of multiple redundant links, which provides insights into the decision-making regarding the optimal amount of redundancy investment in road networks. The proposed framework can be considered as a decision support tool to justify and rank alternative projects from the new perspective of redundancy and resilience.

Exploring the relationship between urban residents' emotional changes and built environment before and during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of resilience

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the emotion of urban residents has been largely affected, resulting in different levels of stress and negative emotions. Emotion is an indispensable component of urban resilience, especially in the post COVID-19 period. The changes in residents' moods have the potential to reflect the degree of resilience of urban space as a carrier of daily urban life. This study used machine learning to analyze residents' emotion changes revealed by their posts in Sina Weibo mobile application, and analyzed urban resilience through exploring the relationship between urban built environment and emotional changes before and during the pandemic, using Shenzhen as an example. Our results illustrated the spatial pattern of emotional changes in Shenzhen, and we found that built environments could enhance urban resilience in two approaches. On one hand, catering, retail and sports facilities are supportive to emotional stability and thus contribute to the relatively steady emotional changes. On the other hand, proximity to open space is related with positive emotion, and thus contributes to higher levels of restoration. In contrast, industrial and urban village land uses are associated with lower levels of emotional resilience. This study explored to assess urban resilience from the perspective of emotional changes, which would provide insights for environmental interventions in the post-pandemic era.

Norwegian low-intensity ovine and bovine farming systems—a resilience perspective

ABSTRACT The concept of socio-ecological resilience can be used to understand and measure to what degree farming systems are able to handle and adapt to disturbances. The article is based on the application of a framework for resilience assessment in European farming systems to the Norwegian low-intensity ovine and bovine farming systems. The aim is to identify the characteristics of farming systems and important trends in them. Interviews held at county and municipality level, and statistical data revealed that farming systems appeared quite robust, and resource-strong in terms of adhering and adjusting to current and coming environmental and animal welfare regulations, although some coming regulations may put farms under pressure and result in farm exit. Assessing the consequences of development trends envisioned by two scenarios underlines that the provision of goods and services by farming systems may be challenged in the future and that resilience needs to be enhanced. The authors conclude that the current war in Ukraine and its impacts on the food market, as well as the increased electricity prices in Norway, are examples of contextual changes that may challenge agricultural production. In this context, the article can serve as a baseline to reassess the resilience of farming systems.

Supply network resilience capabilities: a social–ecological perspective

PurposeThis study aims to investigate supply network (SN) resilience capabilities across the organizational, supply chain (SC) and industry levels by drawing on the complex adaptive systems (CASs) theory and the social–ecological perspective of resilience. An empirically grounded framework operationalizes the concept of social–ecological resilience by expounding resilience capabilities across phases of the CAS adaptive cycle.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a qualitative multiple case study approach. It draws on the case of the Australian Defence Manufacturing SN (ADM SN) during COVID-19 disruptions. A total of 28 interviews with senior decision makers from 17 companies, complemented by 5 interviews with the Australian Defence SC organizations and secondary data analysis, support the findings.FindingsIndividual organizations’ SC visibility and flexibility enabled by effective risk management and collaboration enhance the ability of the SN to anticipate and prepare for disruption. At the same time, the strength of SC relationships reduces resilience. SN disruption response velocity is enabled by inventory redundancy, process flexibility at the organizational level and visibility and collaboration at the SC level. Institutional support at the national industry level, development of value-adding capabilities and manufacturing process flexibility at the organizational level enhances the SN’s ability to re-organize. The transition from hierarchical to decentralized collaborative governance enhances SN resilience.Practical implicationsFrom a practitioner’s perspective, the findings highlight the need to embrace a broader view of SC beyond immediate tiers. Decision-makers in multinational companies must recognize the long-term impact of their procurement decisions on the supplier ecosystem. Developing local supplier capabilities rather than relying on established global SCs will pay off with future resilience. It, however, demands substantial investment and radical changes across all SC tiers. The lesson for smaller firms is not to over-rely on the existing relationships with supply partners. Although trust-based relationships and collaboration are essential, over-commitment can be counterproductive during global disruptions. With a lack of visibility and control over the SC, operational flexibility is critical for small firms to adapt to shifts in supply and demand.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this empirical research is one of the first attempts to operationalize the social–ecological perspective of SN resilience. Evidence-based theoretical propositions contribute to the emerging conversation about the CAS nature of resilience by demonstrating the multi-level effects of resilience capabilities.

Urban human settlements' resilience measurement and characteristics and their mechanism model in China.

This study introduces the principle of resilience into the study of human settlements. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation model of urban human settlements' resilience based on the provincial region of China was constructed using the Driver-Pressure-State-Impact-Response framework. The spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of urban human settlements' resilience was explored. The influencing factors were analysed by geographical detectors, and the driving mechanism was constructed. Results show that the following. (1) The resilience level of human settlements in China continued to increase, and the resilience level of each province and city changed significantly. The overall clustering effect showed a tendency to fluctuate and weaken. The distribution of cold spot areas became less and less, and the hot spots were moving from northeast China to southeast China. (2) Significant differences existed in the intensity of the impact of different indicators on the resilience system. The value of the impact factor showed an overall upward trend, and the number of key impact factors increased. (3) Improving the ability of scientific and technological innovation, accelerating the transformation and upgrading of the regional economy, increasing the training of talents and making financial inclination in scientific and technological development and industrial pollution control were all important ways for developing and maintaining the resilience of urban human settlements. This study not only introduces a new evaluation of urban human settlements from the perspective of resilience but also explores key impact indices and driving mechanisms, which provides new ideas for studying urban human settlements.

Power to Push Through? A Resilience Perspective on Disability Relationships and Leader Performance

Power to Push Through? A Resilience Perspective on Disability Relationships and Leader Performance

Socioecological Perspectives of Resilience Among Arab and Middle Eastern Migrants

This phenomenological study explored the lived experience of resilience among Arab and Middle Eastern migrants living in the United States through a socioecological framework. Nineteen first- and second-generation Arab and Middle Eastern adults were interviewed from 10 families. The study explored two research questions (a) how participants described their experience of resilience and (b) how participants experienced resilience in the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Eleven subthemes emerged and included a variety of themes that described the interaction between migrants and their environment at each level of the socioecological system. Findings add to the literature by revealing the dynamic nature of resilience as well as providing a socioecological perspective of resilience, contextualizing our understanding of resilience for this community, and illuminating how socioecological factors can hinder or foster resilience.

How Open Data and Interdisciplinary Collaboration Improve Our Understanding of Space Weather: A Risk & Resiliency Perspective

How Open Data and Interdisciplinary Collaboration Improve Our Understanding of Space Weather: A Risk & Resiliency Perspective

A Study of the Effects of Job Stress on the Psychosocial Safety Behavior of Construction Workers: The Mediating Role of Psychological Resilience

A large number of studies have been conducted to demonstrate that job stress negatively affects construction workers’ physiological safety behaviors, but there is a lack of research on the impact of psychosocial safety behaviors on construction workers, which is an important component of overall workplace safety. This study modeled the effects between three job stressors (the job itself, job insecurity, and family-work conflict) and psychosocial safety behavior sub-dimensions (psychosocial safety compliance and psychosocial safety participation), using psychological resilience as a mediating variable. Data were obtained from 304 construction workers in China. The results showed that there were positive and negative effects between the three job stressors, psychosocial safety behavior sub-dimensions, and psychological resilience. Psychological resilience was mediated differently across the three job stressors and psychosocial safety behavior sub-dimensions. This study reveals the mechanisms by which job stress affects the psychosocial safety behaviors of construction workers and provides more empirical evidence to unravel the relationships between various job stressors and psychosocial safety behavior sub-dimensions. In addition, this paper discusses measures to improve psychosocial safety behaviors based on the perspectives of job stressors and psychological resilience.

Psychological resilience of small tourism business entrepreneurs in times of crisis through the lens of compensatory control theory

ABSTRACT Guided by the psychological resilience perspective and compensatory control theory, this study examined the psychological resilience of small tourism business (STB) entrepreneurs during the COVID-19 outbreak between January 2020 and April 2023. Qualitative face-to-face interviews with 21 entrepreneurs of STBs in Macao, China were conducted. The findings showed that entrepreneurs faced different stages of uncertainty during the pandemic, which led them to draw on various personal and external resources in their compensatory control strategies. Also, the types of resources the entrepreneurs drew on varied depending on their degree of control over the uncertainties in various stages. When a certain degree of control was improved, entrepreneurs’ reliance on particular types of resources would decrease, and vice versa. This study contributed a novel approach to examining the psychological resilience of small business entrepreneurs during the pandemic, especially the various stages of uncertainty they faced, and the compensatory control strategies they adopted. In addition, this study highlighted the importance of understanding the dynamic between one’s degree of control over uncertainties and the use of personal and external resources. Practical suggestions were also given to the relevant stakeholders for ways to provide timely and appropriate assistance to the STBs.

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Urban Shrinkage and Its Impact on Urban Resilience in Three Provinces of Northeast China

Currently, Chinese cities are experiencing both overall growth and localized shrinkage. Therefore, it becomes crucial to quantify urban shrinkage and explore the transformation and sustainable development of shrinking cities from the perspective of urban resilience. This study focuses on the three provinces of Northeast China, which are representative areas of urban shrinkage, as its research subjects. Employing the analytic hierarchy process, a comprehensive evaluation system for urban shrinkage is constructed based on three dimensions: population, economy, and space. Furthermore, urban resilience is scientifically measured from four aspects: economy, society, ecology, and infrastructure. The study analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of urban shrinkage and urban resilience in the three northeastern provinces from 2012 to 2018. It also examines the impact of urban shrinkage on urban resilience through regression analysis and mediation models. The results indicate the following: (1) Half of the cities in the three northeastern provinces experienced shrinkage, although the extent of shrinkage decreased with the implementation of the Northeast China revitalization strategy. Population-related shrinkage was the most extensive and continued to expand, while economy-related shrinkage was the most severe, and space-related shrinkage was the least severe. (2) The resilience of shrinking cities was lower than the average level. Population-shrinking cities and economy-shrinking cities exhibited low levels of economic resilience, and the gap between them continued to widen. Space-shrinking cities generally had low infrastructure resilience. (3) The urban shrinkage index had a significant positive impact on the urban resilience index, mediated through intermediary variables, such as innovation capability and cultural development. Notably, both the direct and indirect effects of innovation capability were the greatest. Population-related shrinkage had the largest impact on urban resilience, while more intermediary variables of economy-related shrinkage passed the significance test.

Global resilience analysis of combined sewer systems under continuous hydrologic simulation

Managing and reducing combined sewer overflow (CSO) discharges is crucial for enhancing the resilience of combined sewer systems (CSS). However, the absence of a standardised resilience analysis approach poses challenges in developing effective discharge reduction strategies. To address this, our study presents a top-down method that expands the existing Global Resilience Analysis to quantify resilience performance in CSS. This approach establishes a link between threats (e.g., rainfall) and impacts (e.g., CSOs) through continuous and long-term simulation, accommodating various rainfall patterns, including extreme events. We assess CSO discharge impacts from a resilience perspective by introducing eight new metrics. We conducted a case study in Fehraltorf, Switzerland, analysing the performance of three green infrastructure (GI) types (bioretention cells, green roofs, and permeable pavements) over 38 years. The results demonstrated that GI enhanced all resilience indices, with variations observed in individual CSO performance metrics and their system locations. Notably, in Fehraltorf, green roofs emerged as the most effective GI type for improving resilience, while the downstream outfall displayed the highest resilience enhancement. Overall, our proposed method enables a shift from event-based to continuous simulation analysis, providing a standardised approach for resilience assessment. This approach informs the development of strategies for CSO discharge reduction and the enhancement of CSS resilience.

Coping Capacity, Adaptive Capacity, and Transformative Capacity Preliminary Characterization in a “Multi-Hazard” Resilience Perspective: The Soccavo District Case Study (City of Naples, Italy)

An innovative methodology for characterizing Coping Capacity (CC), Adaptive Capacity (AC), and Transformative Capacity (TC) resilience determinants in a multi-hazard territorial context is applied to the Soccavo district (Naples, Italy), located in the Campi Flegrei caldera and exposed to volcanic eruptions, ground deformations (bradyseism), earthquakes, geomorphological processes (landslides, rock falls, erosion), and climate change-related hazards (heat waves, pluvial floods). The method allowed for the identification of the CC, AC, and TC parameters that can be easily converted into qualitative–quantitative variables. Among all parameters, the method focused on multi-stakeholder and civil society engagement, which is representative of TC and variable relating to the risk perception and awareness, the urban space perception, or the people’s ability to activate bottom-up urban transformation processes within resilient development pathways. Therefore, qualitative tools such as collaborative mapping and co-design processes, pertaining to the urban planning and design fields, and quantitative tools such as surveys, from the social science field, were harmonized and combined to collect and analyze data on these site-specific topics. Considering people’s priorities and needs, the study was useful to define shared sustainable and resilient solutions in order to holistically integrate Disaster Risk Reduction/Climate Change Adaptation urban planning and design approaches and simultaneously deliver social, environmental, and economic co-benefits.

Research on sustainable development of agricultural product cold chain logistics under public safety emergencies

Under a sudden public security event, as agricultural cold chain logistics has the characteristics of many participating subjects and wide spatial and temporal distribution, it is extremely vulnerable to shocks. Even minor disruptions in logistics can result in a significant impact on the daily lives of residents. Therefore, improving the resilience of agricultural cold-chain logistics is crucial for sustainable development. This paper studies the sustainable development path of agricultural cold chain logistics from a resilience perspective. Through rooting theory, the process of resilience in agricultural cold chain logistics under sudden public safety events is explored. Based on the knowledge meta-model, three elements of resilience events, resilient subjects, and resilience measures are used to contextualize the resilience process, and finally, using Bayesian networks and fuzzy set theory, a contextual derivation model of the resilience process of agricultural cold chain logistics under sudden public safety events is created. The results show that the resilience process of sustainable development consists of a resistance period, an adaptation period, a readjustment period, and an innovation period, during which the government and enterprises jointly take measures to effectively resist the impact of public emergencies, and further enhance the resilience through innovative development to ensure the sustainable development of agricultural cold chain logistics.

How does environmental regulation affect the double dividend for energy firms? Evidence from China’s EPT policy

Changes in international markets and strict environmental regulations have challenged Chinese energy companies to reconcile sustainable and low-carbon development. Therefore, this paper focuses on 296 energy firms in China from 2011 to 2021 and uses the Difference-in-Differences (DID) method to explore the impact of China’s environmental protection tax (EPT) reform on the dual dividend of energy firms from the perspective of resilience and CO2 emissions, and fully discusses the role of government subsidies and corporate social financing. This research finds that China’s EPT reform can improve the resilience of energy firms while reducing CO2 emissions, and thus bringing a double dividend to energy firms. At the same time, government subsidies can enhance the decarbonization effect of EPT reform, but excessive subsidies can reduce the resilience of firms. In addition, the EPT reform can expand the scale of social financing for energy firms, helping them to realize a double dividend. The study’s findings have important implications for the long-term low-carbon development of energy firms and provide a theoretical reference for China’s EPT reform.