Residents Of Old Age Homes Research Articles

Periodontal health of the geriatric population in old-age homes of Delhi, India.

Background:Periodontal disease is one of the leading causes of tooth loss in the geriatric population. Assessment of periodontal disease in a population is an important step in planning effective prevention and control programs for periodontal disease. Therefore, a study was carried out in old-age homes of Delhi to assess the periodontal status of 65–74-year-old elderly and recommend interventions to improve their periodontal health.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 464 elderly from old-age homes of Delhi. Periodontal health status of the participants was determined using the WHO oral health assessment form. Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and loss of attachment (LOA) were recorded. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Chi-square test was used to determine statistically significant difference among CPI scores and LOA according to age and gender. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The result of the study showed that 25.4% of the elderly had healthy periodontium, 71.1% had a periodontal pocket of 6 mm or more, and 2.40% had a pocket depth of 4–5 mm. Around 36% had 6–8 mm LOA and 34.70% had 9–11 mm LOA. The difference between CPI scores among gender and age group was not significant (P = 0.20, P = 0.096). However, the difference among gender for LOA was found significant (P = 0.014).Conclusion:The results from this study show that periodontal health of elderly residing in old-age homes is very poor. The periodontal status of this population can be enhanced by special collaborative efforts from the government and various nongovernmental organizations toward preventive and curative periodontal health services.

Effectiveness of neurobic exercise program on memory and depression among elderly residing at old age home.

Objectives This study finds out the effectiveness of neurobic exercise program on memory and depression among elderly residing in old age homes. Methods The non-probability purposive sampling technique was used for sample selection. Wechsler's memory scale (WMS-IV) and Geriatric depression scale (GDS) were the instruments used to assess the memory and depression among elderly during the pretest and posttest, respectively and the researcher had developed data sheet to collect information about the background variables using interview technique. Results The neurobic exercise program was found to be effective in reducing depression among elderly residing in old age homes. There was a significant difference (p<0.001) in the level of depression had been found during the pretest and posttest in the interventional group. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) found between the study group and in the control group. There was significant correlation (r=0.417, p<0.05) found between the memory and depression during the pretest in the study group among the elderly. A statistically significant association (p<0.05) found in the mean scores of depression and marital status of the elderly during the pretest in the study group and there was a significant association (p<0.01) found in the mean scores of depression and the gender of the elderly during the pretest and posttest in the non interventional group were found. Conclusions The findings suggested that neurobic exercise program is an effective intervention in improving memory and reducing depression.

The Effectiveness of Autogenic Relaxation on Reducing the Level of Depression among Elderly People Residing in Old Age Homes

Introduction:- Aging is a worldwide issue in our society, elderly people living in old age homes may suffer from sadness, pain, and isolation. Depression is a common condition in the elderly that negatively affects numerous parts of their lives. Autogenic therapy uses visual imagery and body awareness to promote a state of deep relaxation. A detached but alert state of mind called “passive concentration” must be achieved for autogenic therapy exercises to be carried out. DESIGN:- A quantitative approach using pre experimental one group pre test post test design. PARTICIPANTS:- 60 old age people were selected by using a purposive non-probability sampling technique. INTERVENTION:- Autogenic relaxation TOOL:- geriatric depression scale was used to assess the level of depression in old age people RESULT:- The Mean depression level before intervention is 14.23 while after intervention it is reduced to 11.83. It shows statistically significant change in the mean depression level before &amp; after the autogenic relaxation session. CONCLUSION:- The findings of the study indicate that autogenic relaxation is effective in lowering the level of depression among old age people living in old age homes.

Comparision of Quality of Life of Senior Citizens Residing in Old Age Homes and Own Residence.

Quality of life of elderly is becoming even more relevant with demographic shift happening towards an ageing society. With fast changing family condition and social contexts, lives of elderly people in Nepal have been changing dramatically. Old age homes have sprung up to cater to the needs of the elderly from different socio-economic backgrounds. The objective of this study is to compare the quality of life of senior citizens of selected old age homes and own residence and to find the association of quality of life with selected study variables. A comparative study was conducted among 120 senior citizens from Dhankuta, Morang and Sunsari districts of Koshi zone. Two strata were formed based on their residence, i.e., old age homes and own residence. Equal proportion of the samples were selected from both the settings. Data was collected using interview schedule through pretested semi-structured and standard World Helth Organization, quality of life - old questionnaires. More than one fifth (23.33%) of research participants were from the age group 65-69 and 75-79 and more than half (55%) of them were female. More than half (58.33%) of the research participants residing in their own residence had high quality of life level, while among those residing in the old age homes, only about 40% had high quality of life level. Quality of life level was found to be significantly associated with sex and educational status of the research participants. Quality of life was found to be better among the people residing in their own residence as compared to those residing in old age homes.

Comparison of Age-Related Anthropometric Changes Among Elderly Punjabi Males Residing in Old-Age Homes with Those Residing with Their Families

The present study was conducted to find out the changes in anthropometric measurements with advancing age among elderly males living in old-age homes and those living in family. Cross-sectional data on anthropometric measurements and other general information were obtained for 400 male subjects (200 living in old-age homes and 200 living with family) ageing 60 years and above, and data were collected from various districts in Punjab. Height decreased non-significantly and sitting height decreased significantly ( p = 0.03) from 60 years to ≥80 years of age in both the groups of elderly males. Weight decreased significantly among the elderly males residing in old-age homes ( p &lt; 0.001). Biceps ( p = 0.03) and thigh skinfold ( p = 0.009) thicknesses decreased significantly only among elderly residing in old-age homes. Abdominal ( p = 0.01) and supra-iliac ( p = 0.01) skinfold thickness measurements decreased significantly among elderly residing with their families. Circumference measurements on limbs decreased significantly ( p &lt; 0.01) among both the groups of elderly (except upper arm circumference among elderly residing with their families). Abdominal circumference decreased significantly ( p = 0.04) among the elderly males residing with their families. Elderly residing in old-age homes retained more abdominal subcutaneous fat mass and lost more appendicular fat mass as compared with those residing with their families. Elderly residing with their families lost lesser appendicular muscle mass as compared with their counterpart’s elderly residing in old-age homes.

Prevalence of Depression among Residents of old age homes in Eastern Nepal

Introduction: Geriatric depression is emerging mental disorder with old age. The present study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of depression among residents of elderly homes in Eastern Nepal and to measure the severity of the symptoms of depressive disorders.&#x0D; Material And Method: This study involved residents of old age homes in four different districts of Eastern Nepal, the participants were heterogeneous with diverse cultural background and ethnicity. All elderly people of age 60 years and above living in the old age homes were at first informed about the rationale of our study, we took the informed verbal(as most of the subjects were illiterate) or written consent before going through our questionnaire which was translated into Nepali language by a panel of translators using repeated “forward backward procedure.” General Health questionnaire was applied to all subjects. Geriatric Depression scale (GDS) was then applied to those subjects whose score on GHQ-12 was ≥6 and the categorization of the subjects as normal, mild depressives or severe depressives was done.&#x0D; Results: A total of 62 elderly people of 60 years and above from aforementioned old age homes were enrolled in our study, out of which, 48.38% of the respondents belong to age group of 60-69 years , 27.4% belong to the age group 70-79 and 24.2 % were 80 years and above. Out of total respondents, 56.46% showed normal mental status on our GHQ scale while 43.54% were screened to have some sorts of psychological problems. The GDS detected them with mild and severe depressive symptoms. Out of which, 81.48% had mild depressive symptoms while 18.52% were severe depressive symptoms. Prevalence of depression was found to be significantly related to family history of mental illness.&#x0D; Conclusion: Most of the people living in the old age home in Eastern Nepal are found to have depressive symptoms among which majority have mild depressive symptoms and few have severe depressive symptoms. It depicts the miserable mental health of the elderly people in old age home.

A comparative study of depression among the elderly living in old age homes and community in Visakhapatnam, India

Background: Depression in old age is an emerging public health problem leading to morbidity and disabling effect on the quality of life. Depression in elderly is not yet perceived as a public health problem and is grossly underdiagnosed and undertreated. The physical and social environment plays an important role on the mental health of the elderly. Hence the present study was undertaken to assess and compare the depression among elderly residing in old age homes (OAHs) and community. The objective of the study was to assess and compare depression among elderly residing in OAHs and those living in community.Methods: A cross sectional study was done from October to December, 2016 among 100 elderly, of which 50 were inmates of old age homes and 50 were living in community selected by house to house survey. A pre tested, externally validated short form geriatric depression scale (GDS-15) in the local language is used after taking informed consent.Results: Prevalence of depression was high among inmates of old age homes (80%) compared to those of community (52%), this difference was statistically significant (p=0.003). On analyzing the association between sociodemographic factors and depression among the elderly residing in the community, it was found that marital status and presence of chronic disease were significantly associated with depression (p&lt;0.05). Whereas among the elderly residing in old age homes, no significant asociation was found between depression and the sociodemographic factors.Conclusions: High prevalence of depression observed among the studied population indicates the need of screening for depression among elderly.

A study on self-perceived uselessness and its determinants among residents of old age homes in North Bengaluru.

The study on self-perceived uselessness may help health-care workers to provide opportunities for intervention for increased quality of health and greater survival rate in elderly. To find the prevalence of self-perceived uselessness and its determinants among the elderly residents of old age homes of North Bengaluru. A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken on 129 elderly aged 60 years and above in the old age homes of North Bengaluru. Self-perceived uselessness, sociodemographic variables, morbidity status, functional status, financial status, and personal habits were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Proportions, percentages, and Chi-square test were used for analysis. Nearly half (45%) of the elderly had agreed that they had perceived themselves as useless as they age. Majority of those who perceived uselessness had one or >1 chronic morbidities and were functionally dependent (81.2%). Significant association was seen between self-perceived uselessness and functional dependency, gender, education, and having some form of activities during their leisure time. It can be concluded that self-perceived uselessness is quite prevalent in nearly one-half of the elderly in the old age homes in North Bengaluru having significant association with variables such as gender, education, leisure activities, and functional status.

Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs among institutionalized elderly population of four major Cities of Madhya Pradesh

Background: The world is undergoing a demographic transition, and the proportion of elderly people is growing faster than any other age group. According to census 2011, older people comprise 8.14% of the total population. The literature on assessment of oral health status of the institutionalized elderly particularly for the state of Madhya Pradesh (MP) remains to be sparse and scant. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of institutionalized elderly population of four major cities of MP. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among the institutionalized elderly residing in old-age homes of four major cities of MP, India. The study was conducted among 487 inmates of 12 old-age homes of Indore, Bhopal, Jabalpur, and Gwalior cities. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20 software. The Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables. ANOVA test was performed for quantitative variables. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: About 5.6% of the inmates with 6 different types of oral-mucosal condition were reported. The prevalence of periodontal diseases in accordance with Community Periodontal Index scores was found to be 96.8%. Only 41.02% of the population had sound teeth, 4.48% were affected by caries, 6.34% were missing due to caries, and 43.12% required no treatment needs. The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth score of 15.57 ± 10.08 was seen in the age group of 60–75 years, 18.95 ± 9.79 in the age group of 76–90 years, and 19.18 ± 9.97 in the elderly aged 91 years and above. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that oral health status of institutionalized inmates was found to be poor with higher prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases, poor prosthetic status, and higher prosthetic needs.

HEALTH SERVICE UTILIZATION BY RESIDENTS IN OLD-AGE HOMES IN INDIA

Health problems of older persons are major concern of a society both from the perspective of cost and health quality of life. This mixed methods, cross-sectional study, assesses the health conditions and health service utilization of the residents of old-age homes in two major southern cities in India. From an updated compiled list of existing old age homes, 20 old age homes were selected randomly. Approximately 10–20 elders, both men and women were interviewed from each selected facility to represent their personal experiences and views about institutional life. Findings indicate access and affordability to health care is a primary dilemma for all residents and their expressed health problems (physical/mental illnesses, disability) differ by gender, education, religion, and type of residential facility. Solutions to addressing health care issues have implications for academic and governmental action both in India and other similar Asian countries.

Distribution and prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in residents of old age homes in Delhi, India.

BackgroundIt has been seen that very less attention has been given to the oral health of the geriatric population residing in old age homes and as the oral mucosal lesions are a matter of concern for this growing population. Therefore, a study was done with the objective of finding the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions and the distribution of oral mucosal lesions among 65-74 year old residents of old age homes in Delhi, India.Materials and MethodsA cross sectional study was done on 65-74 year old age group elders of old age homes in Delhi. A total of 464 subjects participated in the study. Oral Health Assessment Form, WHO was used for assessing oral mucosa. Clinical examination was performed using two mouth mirrors under natural illumination in a systematic manner. Data was processed and analyzed using SPSS version 23.ResultsOut of a total of 464 subjects, 291 (62.70%) were males and 173 (37.30%) were females. Oral mucosal lesions seen in the study subjects were malignant tumours, leukoplakia, lichen planus, ulcerations, ANUG, Abscess and candidiasis. Leukoplakia was seen in 70 subjects (15%) and was present on buccal mucosa in the majority. A malignant tumour was seen in 7 subjects (1.5%) and commonly seen area is floor of mouth.ConclusionPrevalence of oral mucosal lesions among residents of old age homes shows the need for increased preventive and diagnostic measures for prevention and early identification of oro-mucosal lesions. Taking adequate care for oro-mucosal health of elderly people residing in old age homes is necessary.

Prevalence of Psychiatric Illness among Residents of Old Age Homes in Northern India.

Context:There are many factors which compelled older adults to live in old age homes (OAHs) and vulnerable to psychological problems. Studies reported high prevalence of mental health problems (20%–60%) among elderlies of OAHs. Therefore, the study was conducted to explore prevalence of psychiatric illness (PI) among residents of OAHs of Northern India.Settings and Design:The present study was conducted in OAHs of Districts Bareilly, Lucknow, Varanasi, Dehradun, and Haridwar, using cross-sectional descriptive study method. Sample Size were 306 (male – 98 [32.5%] and female n = 208 [68%]) residing in OAHs selected by means of purposive sampling.Subjects and Methods:Inclusion criteria: (a) older adults aged 60 years and above residing in OAHs and able to communicate. (b) Staying in OAHs for 6 months or more. (c) Able to understand comprehends and reply to questions and (d) Giving written informed consent. Exclusion criteria: (a) Residents who declined/not interested to participate in the study. (b) Residents having any sensory impairment/physical health problem which can impede the interview. Research tools were (i) a semi-structured pro forma, (ii) Hindi Mental Status Examination, (iii) Survey psychiatric assessment schedule, and (iv) Schedules for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry-based clinical interview for diagnosis of PIs according to International Classification of Disease 10.Statistical Analysis Used:The quantitative data obtained was analyzed by means of frequency tables.Results:The results show overall prevalence of PI is 43% among residents of OAHs. The prevalence of PI was found to be higher among females compared to males. Depression was the most common among the residents of OAHs.Conclusions:There is an urgent need of trained professionals to provide professional help for highly prevalent psychiatric disorders among residents of OAHs.

Assessment of Oral Health Related Quality of Life Among the Institutionalised Elderly in Delhi, India.

To assess the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older people residing in old-age homes in Delhi, India. Oral health related quality of life was measured by using the Hindi version of Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) which was tested for its reliability and validity. Sociodemographic data were collected and questions regarding the self-perception of general health, oral health and perceived need for dental treatment were put forward. Clinical assessment was also performed. The mean additive-GOHAI score of the study population was found to be 41.57 ± 6.07. Statistically significant associations were found between GOHAI and perceived measures. GOHAI scores decreased with a decrease in the number of teeth present and a decrease in the number of teeth having coronal and root caries. Those subjects who were in need of multi-unit prostheses or full prostheses had significantly poorer OHRQoL compared to those without any prosthetic need or need of single-unit prostheses. This study revealed the extent of dental problems in old-age home residents and may help to plan appropriate preventive measures.

A study to assess the depression among elderly residing in old age homes of Thiruvananthapuram District, South Kerala

A study to assess the depression among elderly residing in old age homes of Thiruvananthapuram District, South Kerala

Perceptions on service quality: A study of old age homes in Kerala and Tamil Nadu

The proportion of old age citizens (above 60 years) in India constitutes 8.6% of the total population (60 million). 1% of this population currently resides in old age homes across India due to various reasons. The present living conditions of elderly in old age homes are not commendable. It has been found from research that the setting of old age homes and the employees influence the welfare of the residents and their health care. Despite various services provided, researchers have concluded that service gaps exist among staff and residents of old age homes. In the present scenario, it is the need of the hour to understand the living standards of the older generation in old age homes, to study the various services offered by them and how the residents spend their lives there in order to better their conditions of living. The purpose of this paper is (i) to draw insights from an in-depth analysis of old age homes and (ii) to study the perceptions in service quality of old age homes; by studying old age homes in the Indian states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Data for the study was collected through a face to face interview with its residents. Analysis of the collected data shows that ‘responsiveness’ and ‘empathy’ are the dimensions that are to be improved in both the states to increase overall satisfaction levels and meet the expectations of residents. The quality of the attributes, ‘Cleaning services for rooms’, ‘freedom to plan own time’ and ‘respect for residents’ privacy’ shall be improved by old age homes in order to improve the perception of service quality by residents.

Health problems and healthcare needs of elderly- community perspective from a rural setting in India

Background: Population is ageing in India. Health care and other needs associated with ageing have risen. The study objectives were to explore the concept of ‘healthy ageing’; health problems of elderly; and felt needs in the care of elderly perceived by the community.Methods: Total of five focus group discussions was conducted. Three Focus group discussions were conducted with family members of homebound elderly and one discussion each were conducted with primary health workers and residents of old age home to supplement the qualitative information gathered from the family members.Results: The participant could make a long list of geriatric health problems. But, their knowledge and attitude towards them was grossly incorrect. All the problems were regarded as part and parcel of ageing for which help was not sought proactively. Mental health problems were regarded as ‘behavioural’ and ‘psychological’ problems. The health problems had its bad effect on family relationships. The perceived healthcare needs were mostly of palliative nature. Day care centres were proposed to improve social interaction of elderly. The community could not afford the level of services which they need. Home care visits by a health team were regarded highly useful.Conclusions: Wide spectrum of barriers to healthcare access of elderly exists in the community. In this regard, a comprehensive community based geriatric health care program including health promotive, preventive, curative and palliative services needs to be formulated with a strong component of health education.

An evaluation of prosthetic status and treatment needs among institutionalized elderly individuals of Delhi, India

Context: Oral health is essential for elderly person's general health and well-being. The most common oral problem in elderly is tooth loss which results due to periodontal diseases and caries. Prosthetic status is very important as it is related to dietary intake and maintaining nutritional status. Hence, to promote the oral health of the elderly, we need to know their prosthetic status and need. Aims: The aim of this study is to find the prosthetic status and need of 65–74 years old elderly residing in old age homes of Delhi, India. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 464 residents of 20 old age homes of Delhi, India. Material and Methods: Residents with age group of 64–75 were included in the study. The prosthetic status with treatment need was recorded using the World Health Organization Oral Health Assessment Form (1997). Statistical Analysis Used: Chi-square test and t-test were used to find significance of variables. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Full removable dentures were worn by 7.30% of participants with predominance in upper arch, and one bridge was seen in 9.10% of participants with predominance in lower arch. Full removable denture was required in 25.20% of participants. Most of participants required multiunit prosthesis in both upper as well as lower arch (42.20% and 36.20%, respectively). Conclusion: The present study underlines a considerable need for dental treatment in elderly as the prosthetic status of participants was poor, and prosthetic needs were high.

The Perception of Senior Citizens of Mumbai on Old Age Homes

Globalisation has resulted in increased mobility of people for pursing their profession, which in turn, has caused the society getting used to living in small unit nuclear families. Focus group discussion with the residents of Old Age Home. An increasing number of senior citizens are now staying in residential old age homes that are designed to cater to the needs of the aged. Most of these old age homes provide help with personal care and hygiene, meals, social interaction and bedside care. This paper is based on a series of Focus group discussions (FGDs) that were held with the senior citizens of Mumbai to know their views on various aspects of elderly life especially regarding the alternative arrangement for aged, that is, old age homes. On the basis of the study, it was generally seen that elderly people who are very sick or dying prefer to stay in their own homes. Moreover, if the aged person stays in the home, it is cost-effective for the family members too. In this situation, it is easier for them to carry out their day- to- day activities in comparison to paying required visits to the hospital or old age homes.

Cognitive impairment and reduced quality of life among old-age groups in Southern Urban India: home-based community residents, free and paid old-age home residents.

The purpose of the study were (i) to screen for cognitive impairment using Mini-Mental Status Examination among three old-age groups based on dwelling types in Chennai, India i.e. residential paid old-age homes, residential free (charitable) homes and home-based community-dwelling residents; (ii) secondly to investigate factors (demographic, psychological, medical and disability) associated with cognitive impairment in the these old-age; (iii) third, to investigate the independent association between cognitive impairment and health-related quality of life (QOL) among elderly across aged care dwelling types. A total of 499 elderly from three old-age groups were interviewed in this cross-sectional study (173 elderly home-based community-dwellers, 176 paid-home and 150 free-home residents). All the participants were interviewed for their socio-economic condition, medical morbidity, self-reported worry and anxiety, disability and QOL. 42.7% free-home elderly residents were found to have cognitive impairment, whereas 32.4% of paid-home and 21.9% of community-dwelling elderly had cognitive impairment. The residents of free-home were less educated, had lower income and reported higher incidence of worry, anxiety, disability and poor QOL than community-dwelling or paid-home residents. Increasing age, low education, female gender, high blood pressure and disability were associated with cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment had significant negative effect on their health-related QOL (b = -0.10, P = 0.01), independent of age, gender, education, chronic illness and dwelling type. The burden of cognitive impairment was high in all aged-care dwelling types in urban India; with free charitable home residents being worse affected. Cognitive impairment was associated with disability and poor health-related QOL in these age-care settings.

Effectiveness of self enhancement programme on depression and self esteem among elderly residing in old age homes

Effectiveness of self enhancement programme on depression and self esteem among elderly residing in old age homes