Abstract
Background: The world is undergoing a demographic transition, and the proportion of elderly people is growing faster than any other age group. According to census 2011, older people comprise 8.14% of the total population. The literature on assessment of oral health status of the institutionalized elderly particularly for the state of Madhya Pradesh (MP) remains to be sparse and scant. Aim: The present study aimed to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of institutionalized elderly population of four major cities of MP. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among the institutionalized elderly residing in old-age homes of four major cities of MP, India. The study was conducted among 487 inmates of 12 old-age homes of Indore, Bhopal, Jabalpur, and Gwalior cities. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20 software. The Chi-square test was used to compare the categorical variables. ANOVA test was performed for quantitative variables. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: About 5.6% of the inmates with 6 different types of oral-mucosal condition were reported. The prevalence of periodontal diseases in accordance with Community Periodontal Index scores was found to be 96.8%. Only 41.02% of the population had sound teeth, 4.48% were affected by caries, 6.34% were missing due to caries, and 43.12% required no treatment needs. The mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth score of 15.57 ± 10.08 was seen in the age group of 60–75 years, 18.95 ± 9.79 in the age group of 76–90 years, and 19.18 ± 9.97 in the elderly aged 91 years and above. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that oral health status of institutionalized inmates was found to be poor with higher prevalence of dental caries and periodontal diseases, poor prosthetic status, and higher prosthetic needs.
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