Residents Of Megacities Research Articles

General clinical blood analysis of zaanen goats

Goat breeding is currently becoming an increasingly popular and popular branch of animal husbandry. Goat milk producers are trying to cover the need of residents of megacities for a dietary, hypoallergenic product. There are only two large dairy goat farms in the Leningrad Region, and the rest are small private farms that produce and sell dairy products. One of the most common breeds of dairy goats is Zaanenskaya. The aim of the work was to conduct a clinical blood test of young goats of the Zaanen breed. During the research, it was found that the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes did not exceed the reference values. At the same time, the hemoglobin content in the blood of the studied animals was 50.3% lower than the average physiological indicators. Such a picture may indicate a violation of hemoglobin synthesis, which in turn provokes the development of hypochromic anemia.

Snow mass characteristics for the indication of the ice-melting products application load

Introduction. For the time present, the active substances of many ice-melting agents used in Moscow are technical sodium and calcium chlorides. By degree of impact of sodium chloride on the human body is characterized as a moderately dangerous substance that belongs to the 3rd hazard class. Residents of megacities who remain unprotected from the possible harmful effects of these substances need the compliance of the ice-melting product’s application with appropriate security measures. Our research focused on the presence of these substances and their accompanying components in the transit environment and determining their actual and extreme loads to prevent possible functional changes in the future traffic chain objects. Material and methods. Chloride (Cl-) and sodium (Na+) content in the snow mass samples taken from the sites adjacent to motorways in Moscow were determined using ion chromatography. Other associated elements in the ice-melting agents were detected using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method (ICP-MS). Results. According to the snow mass analysis as an object of transit accumulation and distribution of ice-melting reagents, the authors ranked results and identified clusters with different degrees of contamination for many indices. Selecting the group with very high contamination enabled us determine the indices’ levels that limit the use of deicing reagents. When using sodium-chloride reagents, they are the levels of the specific electrical conductivity (SEC) ≥ 4500 µS/cm, the concentration of chloride anions (Cl- ≥ 2500 mg/l), the concentration of sodium ions (Na+) ≥1500 mg/l, the index of total contamination (Zc).

Social Character: Issues of Methodology and Research Methods

This article analyzes the methodological issues of the study of the phenomenon of social character. Social character is considered not as a typical (modal) individual character in society. As a systemic formation of social interactions, social character has non-additive (emergent) properties. Both individuals and various social communities are subjects of social character. At the individual level, social character is manifested as typical behavior traits in the process of communicating with different social groups. At the level of interpersonal, intergroup and mass communication, social character is a typical form of social interaction. Social character is the result of the mutual influence of subjects on individual behavior in the form of persuasion, suggestion, imitation and infection. The article analyzes the methods of measuring social character. It presents a test developed by one of the authors (R. B Shaikhislamov) to measure the degree of inner-, tradition- and other-directedness (according to D. Riesman’ stypology). The results of the measurement of social character in the course of interviewing residents of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2015-2016 are presented. The authors come to the conclusion about the need for a comprehensive study of social character. The following problems are of great scientific interest. What are the emergent properties of social character in stable and unstable social situations? What are the trends of changes in the social character of Russians in the post-Soviet era? How significant are the differences in the social character of different generations, ethnic groups, residents of megacities, other cities and villages? We note that it is necessary to develop a system of indicators to measure social character. In addition to such indicators as inner-, tradition- and other-directedness, it is necessary to measure social character by such variables as "dominance – subordination", "productivity – non-productivity", "responsibility – irresponsibility", "cooperation – isolation", "trust – distrust", "Conformity – Innovation – Ritualism – Retreatism – Rebellion".

Environmental management in the field of noise impact on recreational, public and agricultural areas

As a result of increase in the number of residents of megacities, the anthropogenic impact on the public, recreational and agricultural areas is increasing. Anthropogenic load causes degradation of the natural structure of the city and has a negative impact on public health. In current situation, more recreational areas are organized for residents of the city. However, the organization of recreational areas does not always comply with the population requirements. In the formation that sort of spaces, it is necessary to obtain complete and reliable information about the quality of the environment, which can only be obtained through the regular monitoring studies. This article considers a number of recreational, agricultural and public areas under the noise exposure. The spatial organization of recreational areas should be carried out taking into account the main goal of creating a comfortable architectural and planning structure of the urban environment. This article shows the insolvency of the public, recreational and agricultural areas as comfortablespaces.

THE EXPIRIENCE OF RESEACH OF URBAN RESERVES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN AGRICULTURE IN MODERN MEGASITIES

The article is devoted to solving problems associated with the use of town-planning reserves in the largest cities for urban food production technologies. One of the forms of urban reserves is the use of roofi ng resources. In roof construction, modular, quickly erected structures can be used. Such greenhouse energy-effi cient construction projects can be located on the roofs of buildings of various functional purposes - shopping centers, shops, garages and other public and communal facilities. In the structure of the largest city, such greenhouse complexes can be located both in peripheral areas and in the middle zone. In some cases, greenhouse complexes on hydroponics can be elements of more complex cluster formations such as research bio-eco-agro centers, agricultural parks, and other innovative urban complexes. Such objects function not only as agricultural production, but also as integrated scientifi c and experimental, educational, leisure and educational complexes. The article describes in more detail the experience of placing urban farms and greenhouses in the USA, using the examples of the largest megacities. At the same time, such city farms are becoming places of labor for some sections of the townspeople, solving an important social problem. The article raises the problems of the formation of modern innovative agriculture in cities, thanks to which residents of megacities can be employed and constantly provided with fresh food. In the conditions of the modern world, this is becoming more and more relevant, since a healthy lifestyle and nutrition is gaining popularity, including in the southern regions of Northern Kazakhstan, Russia