Residential Homes For Elderly People Research Articles

الوضع التغذوي للمسنين المقيمين في دور الرعاية في عمان الأردن

Background: the nutritional status of an elderly is the accumulated result from a number of different factors impacting one another at different levels. Objectives: a primary intervention to evaluate the primary nutritional intakes of individuals in the residential homes. It also aims to describe the residents’ health statuses, and to determine factors that can be independently associated with respect to under- and/or over-nutrition. Design: a cross-sectional study was performed on 9 residential homes for the elderly in Amman, Jordan. The nutritional status was \evaluated using anthropometric measurements. Food recalls were analyzed by ESHA. Results: the study included 139 residents (aged from 41 to 70+ years old). Malnutrition was not detected; inverse obesity was more common (average BMI was 45 kg/m2). Non-communicable Chronic diseases were observed amongst most of the residents. Macronutrients and micronutrients intakes varied between age groups. Most of the micronutrients did not meet the dietary reference intake (DRI). Sodium intake was higher than the recommended level 4714 mg and Vitamin D intake was less 52.3 IU than the requirements for all of age groups. Conclusion: high energy intake as well as lack of sports/activities combined with non-communicable chronic diseases all becomes problematic health-wise for individuals in residential homes in Amman. الخلفية: الحالة التغذوية للمسنين هي النتيجة المتراكمة من عدد من العوامل المختلفة التي تؤثر على بعضها البعض على مستويات مختلفة. الأهداف: تدخل أساسي لتقييم مآخذ التغذية الأولية للأفراد في دور رعاية المسنين. كما يهدف إلى وصف الحالات الصحية للمقيمين، وتحديد العوامل التي يمكن أن ترتبط بشكل مستقل فيما يتعلق بنقص التغذية و / أو فرط التغذية. التصميم: أجريت دراسة مقطعية على 9 منازل سكنية للمسنين في عمان، الأردن. تم تقييم الحالة الغذائية باستخدام القياسات البشرية. تم تحليل عمليات سحب الطعام من قبل ESHA. النتائج: شملت الدراسة 139 شخصًا (تتراوح أعمارهم بين 41 و 70 عامًا). لم يتم الكشف عن سوء التغذية ؛ كانت السمنة أكثر شيوعًا (كان متوسط مؤشر كتلة الجسم).

Cognitive job crafting as mediator between behavioral job crafting and quality of care in residential homes for the elderly.

Extending previous studies on job crafting, the aim of the present study is to analyze the effect of job crafting on quality of care in residential homes for elderly people in two European countries (Spain and Sweden). We hypothesize that cognitive crafting could be a consequence of behavioral crafting and that it will mediate the relationship between behavioral crafting and the perception of quality of care. A correlational design was used, with two-waves approximately 12 months apart (n = 226). Our results indicate that behavioral job crafting at T1 had an effect on cognitive job crafting at T2, relational job crafting at T1 increases quality of care at T2, and the mediation effect of cognitive job crafting. These results indicate that we must differentiate between the two forms of crafting (behavioral and cognitive), not as indicators of the same latent construct, but as aggregates. Additionally, we point out two main implications for managerial practice. First, as relational job crafting has a direct effect on quality of care, it is important to assure an organizational culture oriented towards employees. Secondly, due to the mediation effect of cognitive job crafting, managers should facilitate meaningful work environments. To do so, jobs should be re-designed, increasing skills variety, identity and significance.

Dreams that lie in tatters: the changing fortunes of nurses who left the British NHS to own and run residential homes for elderly people

Dreams that lie in tatters: the changing fortunes of nurses who left the British NHS to own and run residential homes for elderly people

Dreams that lie in tatters: the changing fortunes of nurses who left the British NHS to own and run residential homes for elderly people.

During the 1980s many nurses left the British National Health Service to own and run private residential care homes for elderly people. At the time, a public policy of guaranteed financial support for residents underpinned the rapid expansion in the sector and residential homes were considered as profitable low-risk business ventures. However, since the introduction of the 1990 National Health Service and Care in the Community Act, this automatic funding has been withdrawn and residential homes have had to compete amongst each other for a finite number of clients funded by limited local budgets. The withdrawal of guaranteed state support and the introduction of social care markets have had negative impacts on many residential home businesses. Indeed, many homes are facing financial difficulties. This paper considers the actions and attitudes of former nurse proprietors under the new conditions based on a three-stage survey in Devon, England. Proprietors are experiencing increased levels of stress and many are unhappy with their current work experiences. The paper concludes that although the small business private sector may seem attractive to nurses, any move into private sector ownership has an associated risk. Social policy conditions may change with concurrent consequences for businesses and business owners.

What impact does training have on the care received by older people in residential homes?

Training is commonly seen as the most viable way of ensuring good quality care in residential homes for elderly people. The literature on training has focused on a shift in emphasis from traditional 'professional' social work training for staff at a senior level to training which is to be provided for junior level staff. To this end, Scottish/National Vocational Qualifications have been introduced which, through workplace assessment of competence, have been proclaimed to be the means by which to raise the status and career prospects of a social care workforce. This article argues that task-based competence is increasingly being seen as relevant for a 'para-professional' social care workforce such as that found in the residential care sector. In the light of this, research was undertaken to establish whether residents preferred 'trained' staff, holding formal qualifications and/or NVQs, to 'untrained' staff with no recognised qualifications. The research concluded that residents want kind, understanding and experienced staff, and when length of time in post was taken into account, the effect of training was negligible. The study concluded that homes need to select staff for their good personal qualities and encourage them to stay. Staff need training that integrates skill with understanding and above all, assessment should reflect this perspective. Moreover, residents need to be involved in the assessment process.

Coping with communication disability in residential care

ABSTRACT The project was developed as a response to requests for help received by Action for Dysphasic Adults (ADA) from staff working in residential homes and from the families of residents with dysphasia and other communication difficulties. They all expressed a need for staff training on how best to help clients and for information on communication disability. There is no statutory provision for training in communication awareness or in disability in residential homes and elderly residents often have difficulty in accessing speech and language therapy services (Maxim & Bryan, 1994). The project aims are twofold: (1) To develop a training package on communication awareness and communication disability which can be delivered to care staff and managers in one single or two half‐days; (2) To evaluate the effectiveness of the training package. A training package was devised to develop knowledge and useful skills in communication awareness and communciation disability. It was designed to allow trainees to discover key aspects of communication through discussion, role play and exchange of information between trainer and care staff. ‘Training 1’ explores communication through role play and discussion. ‘Training 2’ uses video material to illustrate communication disability and helping strategies. Optional components on aphasia, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease can be chosen to suit the profile of the residents at a particular home. All care staff attending training are given a booklet containing key points from the training package. Contact was made with care staff and managers from 16 residential homes for elderly people. These homes reflect the heterogeneity of residential care: public and private sectors, inner city and suburban settings. The homes had varied population profiles. One home was specifically for Asian men and women, another for ‘black elders’; some homes had few residents with communication disabilities, whereas others had a high percentage of such residents. Pre‐ and post‐training questionnaires were devised to obtain information on the home and the perceived benefits of training from managers and care staff. One hundred per cent of care staff and managers found the course useful. Only 50% of care staff had received any training at all for their job and only two homes had already provided training on communication disability. The care staff almost unanimously report better understanding of the normal communication process of residents with communication disability. Most managers and care staff would like more training for all staff, but those on night shifts and part‐time staff have difficulty attending training sessions. The booklet and care plans for individual residents are therefore essential aspects of ensuring that all staff have access to useful information. The training package can be given with limited time input from a speech and language therapist. The next stages of the project are: (1) To produce the pack, booklet and video in a modified form; (2) Appoint a project manager to market the training; (3) Set up a training group to train trainers. In consultation with local speech and language therapy managers, trainers will be appointed who are speech and language therapists with previous experience of elderly clients.

Identification of elderly in particular need: results of a survey undertaken in residential homes in the Manchester area

Objectives: This paper aims to identify which groups of elderly people living in residential institutions are in particular need of dental care and advice. Comparison of different types of residential institution allows identification of elderly in greatest need of dental assistance. Methods: A postal survey of carers in 250 residential homes for elderly people in Manchester, UK, was undertaken to determine the frequency of dental visits, arrangements for dental care of the residents' teeth and denture cleansing and appliance-wearing patterns and, also, the carers' knowledge and practice of simple dental and oral maintenance procedures for residents. Comparisons were undertaken using the SPSS software package of: social service and private homes, large and small homes, homes where regular visits were undertaken and those not regularly visited, and also homes which maintained records of their clients' dental state with those which did not. Results: Residents' oral health tended to be more at risk in smaller or privately managed homes, in those where no dentist visited regularly and where no records of dental care were kept. Conclusion: The dental profession needs to especially target homes where care is less well organized, not only to examine and treat residents, but also to instruct carers in simple mouth care techniques, in order that dental disability in an increasingly dentate population can be minimized.

Multi-Purpose Residential Homes: A Fair Deal for Residents?

ABSTRACTThe paper reports on a study carried out in 1990 for the Department of Health looking at the development of local authority multi-purpose residential homes for elderly people in England and Wales. A national survey showed that one in five public sector residential homes for elderly people would soon be multi-purpose. This proportion could be expected to increase in the 1990S. Many of these homes had become the centre for virtually all the community support services for elderly people in the neighbourhood. Despite some obvious management advantages in making use of residential home facilities for older people in the community, there have to be serious reservations about a multi-purpose model. Case studies in six multi-purpose homes suggest that residents themselves may gain little or nothing from this arrangement. Few interact with elderly people from the neighbourhood in the day centre. So much activity on the premises meant that invasions of residents' privacy and space were common.

Unrecognized Visual Problems amongst Residents of Part III Homes

A survey of visual function and ophthalmic pathology of 100 residents of three residential homes for elderly people was carried out in Lambeth London. The main pathologies were cataracts detected in half of the subjects (6% were referred for extraction) and chronic simple glaucoma in 17%. Unrecognized significant refraction errors were found in 34% of subjects. Only eight of the 14 residents eligible for blind or partially sighted registration had been already registered. It is suggested that old people entering residential care should have a competent geriatric or psychogeriatric assessment and, in addition to the annual general practitioner assessment for residents aged 75 and over, regular ophthalmic evaluation should be offered to residents of homes.

Dignity, risks and responsibility in residential homes for elderly people.

Dignity, risks and responsibility in residential homes for elderly people.

Immunogenicity of inactivated influenza vaccine in residential homes for elderly people.

One hundred and seventy residents of 11 Leicester City Council homes for the elderly, with a total of 515 beds, were studied during a 30-week period from September 1988 to March 1989 to determine the use of influenza vaccine, the levels of influenza antibody, the incidence of influenza, and the protection afforded by vaccination. The study group of 133 women and 37 men had a mean age of 85 years and 59% had one or more chronic medical conditions. The immunization rates by home for the 170 symptomatic residents ranged from 8% to 90% (mean 45%). Seventy-one sera, 36 from vaccinated and 35 from non-vaccinated residents were collected between 1 December 1988 and 24 March 1989 and were assayed for antibody to A/Taiwan/1/86 (H1N1), A Sichuan/2/87 (H3N2) and B/Beijing/1/87. Analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between the antibody profiles of vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects. Six influenza A and 6 influenza B infections were confirmed among the 170 subjects with upper respiratory tract infections. Influenza vaccination was not associated with significant levels of protection against influenza A or B. Studies of the haemagglutinins of the vaccine strains and influenza isolates during 1988/89 showed that they were closely related.

Drug Prescribing in Residential Homes for Elderly People in the United Kingdom

Data relating to the use of medicines from a descriptive epidemiologic study of drug use in 55 residential homes for elderly people in Britain were analyzed. Of the 1888 residents included in the study, 1617 (85.6 percent) received a total of 5535 medicines. The median number of medicines received per day was three and the per-day range varied from one to thirteen medicines. Significantly more women than men received medicines and women also received more medicines each. The most frequently prescribed group of medicines were those acting on the central nervous (34.0 percent), the cardiovascular (27.2 percent), and on the gastrointestinal (8.9 percent) systems. Deficiencies were identified in doses, duration, and selection of drugs in certain therapeutic groups.

Development of an Occupational Therapy Service in Residential Homes for Elderly People

Occupational therapists are well established in Haringey's homes for elderly people and have often been called upon to share their knowledge and experience with other boroughs. The increase in the numbers of elderly people and the corresponding increased attention given to standards of care in old people's homes means that more occupational therapists are being employed in this area. This article outlines the development of the service and the current areas of occupational therapy involvement.

The use of diuretic medicines by elderly people in residential homes.

Data relating to the use of diuretics from a descriptive epidemiological study of drug use in residential homes for elderly people were analysed. Of the 1,888 residents included in the study, 797 (42%) received diuretics. Significantly more females than males received diuretics (ratio of 3.1:1) and recipients were significantly older than non-recipients. They received a total of 894 diuretics of which 413 (46.2%) were loop diuretics, 168 (18.6%) were thiazide diuretics and 278 (31.2%) were potassium-sparing diuretics. The single most frequently used diuretic was frusemide. Diuretics were involved in 209 potential drug-drug interactions which represented 41% of the total number of potential drug-drug interactions. Of these interactions 19 were considered to be potentially highly clinically significant.

The use of digoxin in 55 residential homes for elderly people.

Data relating to the use of digoxin from a descriptive epidemiological study of drug use in residential homes for elderly people were analysed. Of the 1,888 residents in the study homes, 212 were receiving cardiac glycosides. The ratio of females to males who received cardiac glycosides was 2.8:1; however, this was not statistically significant as it reflected the overall population. The median age of recipients of cardiac glycosides was 85.2 years and they were significantly older than non-recipients (P less than 0.001). The cardiac glycosides were almost exclusively prescribed as digoxin, the median dose was 125 micrograms with a range of 62.5 to 250 micrograms, and the median duration of treatment was 2.3 years, range less than 0.1 to 10.1 years. Digoxin was involved in a total of 152 potential drug interactions, 12 of which were potentially highly significant clinically.