Abstract
Extending previous studies on job crafting, the aim of the present study is to analyze the effect of job crafting on quality of care in residential homes for elderly people in two European countries (Spain and Sweden). We hypothesize that cognitive crafting could be a consequence of behavioral crafting and that it will mediate the relationship between behavioral crafting and the perception of quality of care. A correlational design was used, with two-waves approximately 12 months apart (n = 226). Our results indicate that behavioral job crafting at T1 had an effect on cognitive job crafting at T2, relational job crafting at T1 increases quality of care at T2, and the mediation effect of cognitive job crafting. These results indicate that we must differentiate between the two forms of crafting (behavioral and cognitive), not as indicators of the same latent construct, but as aggregates. Additionally, we point out two main implications for managerial practice. First, as relational job crafting has a direct effect on quality of care, it is important to assure an organizational culture oriented towards employees. Secondly, due to the mediation effect of cognitive job crafting, managers should facilitate meaningful work environments. To do so, jobs should be re-designed, increasing skills variety, identity and significance.
Highlights
The recent European population projections indicate that the total population will increase from 511 million in 2016 to 520 million in 2070
The present study aims to analyze the effect of job crafting on quality of care in residential homes for the elderly people
The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effect of job crafting on quality of care in residential homes for elderly people in two European countries (Spain and Sweden)
Summary
The recent European population projections indicate that the total population will increase from 511 million in 2016 to 520 million in 2070. The percentage of people over 65 years old will increase by 41.3%, and 12.5% of the total population will be represented by people over 80 years of age In this light, the European Commission report draw two possible scenarios related to high life expectation; the positive one assumes that “all future gains in life expectancy are spent in good health” [1]. The other scenario, the negative one, associates the increasing years to health problems, and with additional cost devoted to healthcare. In this scenario, the European Commission foresees that long-term care and health care costs are expected to contribute the most to the rise in age-related spending
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