Research Study Research Articles

Predictors of Nurses’ Talent Retention in MSME-run Home Healthcare Centre in Chennai

This research aims to identify the elements accountable for retaining talent among home healthcare nurses in Chennai. The researchers adopted a descriptive approach. The sample size of this research study is 217 respondents who are nurses from the micro, small and medium enterprises (MSME) corporate centre at Nandanam, covering its areas within Chennai city. The tool used for this study purpose was the questionnaire, consisting of eight constructs: training, compensation, cohesion, autonomy, workload, non-monetary benefits, nurses’ satisfaction and nurses’ retention. The socio-demographic factors such as age, gender, qualification, annual income, employment type, experience, marital status and designation were considered. Data analysis was done using SPSS 21.0. The reliability measures ensured the consistency of the data set. Percentage analysis, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression are the statistical tests used. Important discussions were given in the article related to the Indian healthcare sector.

Selection of Diabetic Retinopathy and Applying Optimal Classifiers

Abstract: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), often known as DR, is a common consequence of diabetes that frequently results in permanent vision loss if it is not recognized and treated in its early stages. By concentrating on this election of suitable classifiers for the analysis of retinal pictures, the purpose of this research study is to make a contribution to the enhancement of DR detection. The major goal is to improve the accuracy, efficiency, and scalability of the procedures involved in DR screening. Collecting and preprocessing a broad dataset of retinal pictures, each of which is tagged with the severity of diabetic retinopathy, is the first step in the study process. Following this, a number of different machine learning and deep learning classifiers are assessed in order to determine which model is the most effective at recognizing minor indicators of DR. The classification methods that are being taken into consideration are as follows: logistic regression, support vector machines, random forests, decision trees, and convolution neural networks. The process of assessment includes intensive testing on the training dataset and the validation dataset, as well as the extraction of features and the tuning of hyper parameters. A later deployment of the optimum classifier that was chosen for use in real-world applications is carried out, with an emphasis placed on its incorporation into healthcare systems for the purpose of streamlining DR tests. The study addresses the need for early detection, scalability, and resource optimization in healthcare settings. The goal of their search is to develop a solution that is both accessible and cost-effective for diabetes patients. Additionally, the study investigates the possibility of customized healthcare by teaching classifiers to detect unique patterns in retinal pictures, which ultimately results in an improvement in diagnostic accuracy. The research also investigates the influence that optimal classifiers have on public health, taking into consideration the possibility of a decrease in theprevalenceofvisualimpairmentthatisconnectedwithdiabeticretinopathy

The Level of Satisfaction of the Residents on the Public Healthcare Services in the Isolated Mountain Barangays of Cebu City: A Research as Basis for Crafting an Action Plan

This research study aims to investigate the level of satisfaction among residents of isolated mountain barangays in Cebu City regarding healthcare services. The identified barangays for this study are Bonbon, Sudlon 1, Sudlon 2, and Sinsin. By distributing survey questionnaires to randomly selected participants from each barangay, the study sought to assess residents' satisfaction levels with respect to healthcare services provided within their respective communities. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques. The questionnaires were designed to measure various aspects of healthcare services, including accessibility, quality of care, healthcare personnel, facilities, and overall satisfaction. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics to examine the quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify recurring themes and patterns in participants' responses. The preliminary findings of the study indicated that residents' satisfaction levels with healthcare services in these isolated mountain barangays varied across different aspects. While some residents expressed overall satisfaction, others identified specific areas that required improvement. Accessibility, availability of healthcare personnel, quality of care, and the adequacy of healthcare facilities emerged as critical factors influencing residents' satisfaction. The research findings have important implications for policymakers, healthcare providers, and local government units in improving healthcare services in isolated mountain barangays. The study provides valuable insights into residents' perceptions, allowing for targeted interventions and the development of strategies to address the identified areas of concern.

Oral Hygiene Care of Endotracheal Intubated Patients in Korean Intensive Care Units : A Scoping Review

Purpose : This scoping review was designed to identify gaps in knowledge and guide future directions for clinical nursing practices and research on oral hygiene care for endotracheally intubated patients in Korean intensive care units.Methods : We conducted a scoping review using the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. PubMed, CINAHL, RISS, Science On, and DBpia databases were searched. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted data. A total of 445 studies were identified, of which 17 were included in the final analysis.Results : No research has been conducted from 2021 to the present. A total of 12 instruments were utilized in 13 studies to assess the effectiveness of oral hygiene care. All studies investigating the effectiveness of oral hygiene care have consistently documented that chlorhexidine has the most significant effect. The frequency and time of oral hygiene care were each examined in one study.Conclusion : A research study is necessary to develop a measurement tool for assessing the effectiveness of oral hygiene care suitable for endotracheal intubated patients in intensive care units. Interventional studies should be conducted to determine the effects of chlorhexidine and the appropriate frequency and time of oral hygiene care. Thereafter, revision of domestic evidence-based clinical practice guidelines by integrating these results will be necessary.

The Sero-Prevalance of Syphilis among Blood Donors in District Mardan, A comprehensive comparative analysis and blood group correlation with findings across different cities

The necessity and importance of blood donation well known like in thalassemia, leukemia, lymphoma, patients on chemotherapy and after massive hemorrhage from trauma etc.but it’s transfusion can also lead to some major health problems like transmission of infectious diseases such as syphilis and so on. To prevent transmission of infectious diseases through blood transfusion its screening is performed everywhere. For this purpose, a research study is carried out during January 2019 to April 2019 at Mardan medical complex and Mardan teaching institute (MMC-MTI) Mardan KP, Pakistan. The specimens were collected from 625 blood donors with 619 males and 06 females. The samples were sent to the serology section of the pathology department for the diagnosis of syphilis through architect syphilis TP. The sero-prevalence of syphilis and the variation of prevalence in the previous and recent study were the objective of this research. It has found that only 06 male individuals are found to have syphilis infection while there is no such case reported in female individuals. So the overall sero-prevalence and sero-prevalence in male individuals were the same as 0.96%. The most positive cases were in the age group 38-74 years of age individuals. Which is the most sexually active age and it is reported that 1.8% of the sero-prevalence is found. The seroprevalance of syphilis in A- blood group was 5.5%, B+ patients had 1.56%, and with O+ patients it was 1.16%. From the results and analysis, the sero-prevalence of syphilis in the area and population where the study performed are at more risk of syphilis because per annual 0.30 increases is recorded by comparing the recent results with previous studies. As with the passage of time people are educated so we cannot say that it is because of the lack of awareness no also. So the opinion is that the lifestyle, social interaction of people with one another and carelessness in sexual intercourses is the main risk factors responsible for this increase in sero-prevalence of syphilis.

Revealing the Accounting Problems: An In-Depth Exploration of Accounting Challenges and Remedies

To identify the root causes of accounting issues and provide workable solutions, this research study provides a comprehensive analysis of the issues that companies across various industries encounter. It looks at the challenges presented by contemporary accounting practices, bringing to light common problems such as erroneous financial reporting, inadequate cash flow management, and inefficient accounts payable processes. The study examines how these issues might affect stakeholder relationships, monetary gain, and potential legal repercussions. This study helps readers understand these accounting errors' underlying causes and effects by simplifying its findings. To address these problems, it also examines cutting-edge approaches and future technology, such as improved internal controls, automated accounting systems, and sophisticated data analytics. Through this research, organizations can obtain a valuable understanding of the primary accounting difficulties influencing their financial operations, empowering them to make informed decisions to address these concerns. By implementing the recommended solutions, businesses can enhance their overall financial performance as well as their operational efficiency, regulatory compliance, and financial transparency. In summary, this study significantly expands the body of knowledge already available about accounting practices by doing a detailed review of the issues and offering practical answers.

Evolution of land cover from 1989 to 2023 in the southern region of the Ñeembucú department, Paraguay

This research study, conducted in the southern region of the Ñeembucú Department, Republic of Paraguay, aims to investigate the evolution of land cover from 1989 to 2023. The study area encompasses the districts of Pilar, Humaitá, Paso de Patria, General Díaz, Mayor Martínez, Isla Umbú, Desmochados, Guazu Cuá, Tacuaras, Villalbín, and Laureles. The research was initiated due to concerns regarding the degradation of wetlands, especially since this region is considered unique in the country. In recent years, the southern region of the Ñeembucú Department has undergone numerous human interventions, primarily for productive purposes. The study area, covering a total surface of 6,636.5 km², was demarcated. Subsequently, LANDSAT satellite images were obtained through the U.S. Geological Survey, selected for less than 20% cloud cover. The selected area was then delineated by cropping the images to the specified extent using QGIS 3.32 software and the Semi-Automatic Classification plugin, facilitating the semi-automatic classification of land cover. Significant deforestation, an increase in areas without land cover, urban areas, and sparse vegetation, as well as a decrease in the extent of swamps, forests, grasslands, and prairies were observed.

Relationship between mental health and job competence of college teachers: Application of sentiment analysis algorithm

In systematically collecting and investigating data related to the teaching field, the association between teachers’ Mental Health (MH) and Job Competence (JC) is an important field that has not been systematically studied. Understanding this association is vital due to its direct impact on the Quality of Education (QoE) and its standard educational system. Due to problems in evaluating all qualitative data, such as Open-Ended Survey Feedback (OESF), traditional models frequently find it challenging to epitomize intricate relations accurately. This article reports on these tasks by introducing a Mixed-Method Approach (MMA). The research study was directed through online learning across numerous higher education institutions in three provinces of China, and a combination analysis of quantitative study data using qualitative Sentiment Analysis (SA) was recommended. The new thing about the method is that it suggests an algorithm based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to SA that lets all of the qualitative data from the OESF questions be studied. This algorithm suggests a more philosophical knowledge of teachers’ MH and its association with their specialized skills overall OESF. The study’s results represent a significant insight into the dynamics between MH and JC related to College Teachers (CT). It highlights how every feature impacts others and the prerequisites for educational strategies supporting teacher well-being. By overcoming boundaries in existing models, the proposed work contributes to a broader and better knowledge of teacher well-being, its impact on educational quality, and the potential for SA in educational research. We compared how well three classifiers—Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Linear Regression (LR)—performed on six topics that were chosen for this SA research. The performance analysis for evaluation is accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The reliability of the OESF measures was confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha values signifying high internal consistency: 0.85 for JC, 0.88 for MH status, and 0.82 for innovative teaching ability.

Science Learning Game (SLG) Based on Augmented Reality Enhances Science Literacy and Critical Thinking Students Skills

Science literacy is the ability of individuals to understand, evaluate, and apply scientific knowledge in everyday problem-solving, while critical thinking is the ability to analyze, evaluate, and make decisions based on evidence and logic. This research is based on several issues in SDN Sentul2 Kota Blitar in grade 6 post-Covid 19. This research aims to produce a product used as a learning tool in Grade 6, namely Science Learning Game (SLG) Media based on Augmented Reality to Improve Science Literacy and Critical Thinking Skills in Grade 6 Students in Kota Blitar. This research and development (R&D) study uses the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) model. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The research data analysis results show that the developed media can improve critical thinking skills, as evidenced by comparing the Pre-test results at 72.21% with the Post-test results at 93.57%. This media can also enhance science literacy, as indicated by the increase between the Pre-test results at 74.28% and the Post-test results at 92.14%. The implication is that the science literacy and critical thinking abilities of students in Indonesia still need improvement, which can be achieved by considering the use of instructional media. With positive results in pre-test and post-test scores, this media has the potential to enhance science literacy and critical thinking skills in students.

Effects of Multimodal Exercise With Augmented Reality on Cognition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the effects of an exercise intervention using multimodal exercise with augmented reality and multimodal exercise-only on cognitive function in older adults living in a community dwelling. DesignQuasi-experimental research study. Setting and ParticipantsIn this control study, 78 participants were divided into 2 experimental groups (with sessions 3 times a week for 12 weeks) and a control group (CG). MethodsEG1 participated in a multimodal exercise-only intervention program, EG2 participated in a multimodal exercise program with augmented reality exergames, and CG continued its usual activities. Participants were assessed at baseline and postintervention after 12 weeks. ResultsComparison between baseline and postintervention at 12 weeks showed significant improvements in executive functions, verbal fluency, choice reaction time, and dual task in EG1, whereas there were improvements in general cognition, executive functions, verbal fluency, discrimination reaction time, and depression in EG2 (P ≤ .05). The clinical effect sizes of the interventions were large for overall cognition, executive functions, and reaction time on single- and dual-task reaction time in EG1 and for overall cognition, executive functions, and verbal fluency in EG2. Conclusion and ImplicationsThe intervention programs showed significant improvements in several cognitive domains. The multimodal exercise-only showed improvements in more variables than the multimodal exercise with augmented reality, but the augmented reality group showed greater changes between baseline and postintervention.

Synthesis, in vitro α‐Glucosidase Inhibition, DFT Calculations, and Molecular Docking Studies of Some New Substituted 2,5‐Bis(pyrazolyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles

AbstractA pivotal feature of present research study is the synthesis of some new 2,5‐bis(pyrazolyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles as promising α‐glucosidase inhibitors. In this regard, a facile reaction scheme was designed to afford 1,3,4‐oxadiazole ring. In search of the most favourable reaction condition, a model reaction was first carried out between 1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carbohydrazide (3) and 1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐4‐carboxylic acid (4 a) using phosphorous oxychloride (POCl3). The results emanated from this model reaction were utilized to prepare other derivatives to highlight the scope of current synthetic approach and the structures of the prepared molecules were characterized from spectroscopic techniques. These derivatives were further investigated for their α‐glucosidase inhibitory potentials. 2,5‐Bis(1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (5 a) and 2‐(3‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐5‐(1,3‐diphenyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole (5 c) displayed strong in vitro inhibitory activities with IC50 73.1±1.13 μM and IC50 87.3±1.12 μM respectively with least toxicity profiles. Molecular docking and computational studies including geometry optimization of synthesized molecular systems, calculations of their orbital energies, and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface maps further helped to establish structural and electronic properties contributing towards their bioactivity. The electrophilicity index significantly quantifies the biological activity. The experimental and computational data altogether facilitated in understanding the therapeutic attributes of these versatile scaffolds in relation to their α‐glucosidase inhibition.

Proposed Corporate Performance Management Using Knowledge-Based Performance Management System (KBPMS) For Privy

PT. Privy Identitas Digital or Privy Digital Identity (Privy) is a firm established in Jakarta in 2016 that specializes in the provision of Certified Electronic Certificate Organization and Electronic Signature Organization services. Privy offers legally enforceable digital signature services, along with reliable digital identities, facilitating direct connections between businesses and customers. This thesis investigates the deployment of an integrated performance management system emphasising the Knowledge-Based Performance Management System (KBPMS) at PT. Privy Identitas Digital (Privy), a firm that specialises in certified electronic certificates and digital signatures. The exponential expansion of Privy's services has highlighted the need of aligning its business strategy with frontline operations by using integrated planning and monitoring tools. The research study of integrated performance management, which includes financial goals, customer, process, and employee perspectives, is examined in detail. The suggested method uses a robust performance management framework to address enterprise issues including traditional marketing tactics and the absence of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). KBPMS optimises company performance, meets business objectives, and promotes continuous development. Significant benefits are anticipated to result from the implementation of the KBPMS, including the following: increased talent development by means of targeted training and feedback derived from individual performance evaluations; enhanced employee engagement and motivation through transparent feedback and aligned goals; increased organisational agility and responsiveness to market changes via data-driven performance insights; and optimised resource allocation and cost reduction via the KBPMS. By showcasing the advantages of incorporating digital technology into performance management, it facilitates the adoption of comparable approaches by other organisations, thereby maximising the capabilities of their workforce.

Teaching physical education during the time of pandemic

This research study aimed to identify the modalities used in teaching Physical Education in the district of San Rafael, Bulacan during the time of pandemic. Further, the study investigated the challenges experienced by the Physical Education (PE) teachers and the solutions they made to address these challenges. The end goal of the study was a school action plan for physical education to address the issues in teaching PE during the pandemic. Qualitative research design through thematic analysis was employed and a semi structured virtual interview was conducted to further substantiate the findings of the study. Results revealed that modular learning is the most common modality used by Physical Education teachers in this time of pandemic. Other modalities such as synchronous and asynchronous online learning and physical activity mobile applications were used by the teachers. It was also revealed that their main reason for using the modalities was for the welfare of their students. Further, the lack of resources of students in terms of internet connectivity and gadgets was the common struggle experienced by the Physical Education teachers and the most common solution done by the Physical Education teachers was doing follow-up with the students through social media. This study recommended the implementation of the proposed action plan to improve the modalities of teachers in teaching Physical Education and to help them avoid problems they may encounter.

Evaluation of ethanol extract of Allium cepa and fractions on haematological parameters in doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity using Wistar rats

This research study evaluated the effects of Ethanol extract of Allium cepa (A. cepa) popularly known as Onions and its fractions on haematological parameters in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity using Wistar rats. A total of 45 Wistar rats weighing between 150-200 g were recruited for this study. They were randomly divided into 9 groups of 5 animals each; as follows: Group 1: served as control and received 10 ml /kg/ body weight (b.w) per oral (p.o) of normal saline. Group II: received 3.5 mg / kg b.w intraperitoneal (i.p) of Doxorubicin (Dox). Group III: received 500 mg/kg/ b.w p.o of vitamin E plus Dox. Group IV: received 1000 mg/kg/ b.w of crude extract (C.E) of A. cepa plus Dox. Group V: received 1000 mg/kg b.w of n-Hexane fraction of A. cepa plus Dox. Group VI: received 1000 mg/kg b.w of dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of A. cepa plus Dox. Group VII received 1000 mg/kg b.w of ethyl acetate (E.A) fraction of A. cepa plus Dox. Group VIII: received 1000 mg/kg b.w of methanol (METH) fraction, and Group IX received Combinations of C.E of A. cepa + vitamin E and Dox respectively for 14days. Groups I and II treatments lasted for 14 days, while treatments for groups III-IX lasted for 16 days (making 14 days for respective treatments and additional 2 days for doxorubicin administered once 48 hourly before sacrificing. All substances in this study were administered orally except doxorubicin that was administered intraperitoneally. Haematology results obtained from this study showed Dox administration negatively altered full blood count; Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC) and Platelets levels significantly (p<0.05). However, pre-treatment administration with Allium cepa showed significant (p<0.05) improvement of full blood count levels from the effects of singular administration of Dox. Injury to the myocardium was also observed on histological examination in the Dox treated group. Our findings indicate that haematological parameters RBC, WBC, Platelets could be useful diagnostic tools in prediction and evaluation of Cardiotoxicity. Haematology results obtained from this study showed Doxorubicin administration significantly altered (p<0.05) full blood count; Red blood cell (RBC), White blood cell (WBC) and Platelets levels. However, pre-treatment administration with Allium cepa showed significant (p<0.05) improvement of full blood count levels from the effects of singular administration of Doxorubicin. Injury to the myocardium was also observed on histological examination in the Doxorubicin treated group. Our findings indicate that haematological parameters RBC, WBC, Platelets could be useful diagnostic tools in prediction and evaluation of Cardiotoxicity.

Credential Method as A Measurement Tool for Nurses' Professionalism in A Hospital

Credentials as an effort to maintain nurse competency and become the basis for granting clinical authority to nurses have not been implemented well. Implementation of processes for achieving goals varies across institutions. This research aims to identify the relationship between credentialing methods and the outcomes of the Ongoing Professional Practice Evaluation (OPPE) by investigating differences in OPPE scores based on years of experience. This is a quantitative research study with a descriptive correlational and comparative approach, involving 66 respondents who meet the criteria: Nurse PK I; less than 5 years of experience. Data analysis was conducted using Rank Spearman correlation and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The credentialing test method used a portfolio, interview, written test, and practical examination. The research results indicate that 48.48% of credentialing is done using these four methods. The majority of OPPE scores are rated as Good, accounting for 66.67%. The longer a nurse works, the better their performance rating. The Spearman rank test obtained a correlation coefficient of 0.353 with p= 0.004 (p<0.05), and the Kruskal-Wallis test obtained a Kruskal-Wallis value of 41.289 with p=0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a relationship between credentialing methods and OPPE scores. The more credentialing methods used, the better the OPPE scores.

Reducing the equity gap in under-5 mortality through an innovative community health program in Ethiopia: an implementation research study

BackgroundThe Ethiopian government implemented a national community health program, the Health Extension Program (HEP), to provide community-based health services to address persisting access-related barriers to care using health extension workers (HEWs). We used implementation research to understand how Ethiopia leveraged the HEP to widely implement evidence-based interventions (EBIs) known to reduce under-5 mortality (U5M) and address health inequities.MethodsThis study was part of a six-country case study series using implementation research to understand how countries implemented EBIs between 2000–2015. Our mixed-methods research was informed by a hybrid implementation science framework using desk review of published and gray literature, analysis of existing data sources, and 11 key informant interviews. We used implementation of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-10) and integrated community case management (iCCM) to illustrate Ethiopia’s ability to rapidly integrate interventions into existing systems at a national level through leveraging the HEP and other implementation strategies and contextual factors which influenced implementation outcomes.ResultsEthiopia implemented numerous EBIs known to address leading causes of U5M, leveraging the HEP as a platform for delivery to successfully introduce and scale new EBIs nationally. By 2014/15, estimated coverage of three doses of PCV-10 was at 76%, with high acceptability (nearly 100%) of vaccines in the community. Between 2000 and 2015, we found evidence of improved care-seeking; coverage of oral rehydration solution for treatment of diarrhea, a service included in iCCM, doubled over this period. HEWs made health services more accessible to rural and pastoralist communities, which account for over 80% of the population, with previously low access, a contextual factor that had been a barrier to high coverage of interventions.ConclusionsLeveraging the HEP as a platform for service delivery allowed Ethiopia to successfully introduce and scale existing and new EBIs nationally, improving feasibility and reach of introduction and scale-up of interventions. Additional efforts are required to reduce the equity gap in coverage of EBIs including PCV-10 and iCCM among pastoralist and rural communities. As other countries continue to work towards reducing U5M, Ethiopia’s experience provides important lessons in effectively delivering key EBIs in the presence of challenging contextual factors.

Strength, deformation, and environmental impact assessment of cement stabilized mine overburden soil

Mine haul roads are the unpaved roads that are constructed from the overburden materials obtained from the mining operations and are used for the movement of heavily loaded dumpers and trucks. The haul roads constructed from this overburden material shows continuous distress in the form of over ruts, potholes, and shear failures, creating major issues in the movement of dumpers. In the present research study, an experimental investigation was conducted based on mechanistic empirical design to evaluate the strength-deformation characteristics, durability, and environmental emissions of cement stabilized overburden soil of a local mine. The unconfined compression tests were conducted at cement dosages varying from 1 to 6% of dry soil mass and increase in the unconfined compressive strength were examined at different intervals of time until 28 days of the curing period. In the case of static triaxial tests, the enhancement in undrained shear strength and elastic modulus of stabilized specimens was determined in comparison to the untreated specimens, whereas in cyclic triaxial tests, the reduction in permanent deformations and increase in resilient modulus were evaluated under different confining pressures and cyclic deviatoric stresses. An empirical model has been proposed to predict the long-term rutting of overburden under repeated loading. The proposed model is based on the behaviour of various parameters, such as applied cyclic deviatoric stress, number of load repetitions, loading frequencies, and on the permanent deformation characteristic of mine overburden soil. In addition, durability and environmental sustainability aspects of the treatment has also been studied to determine the optimal dose of cement.

Factors Affecting Construction Delay in Residences

Construction projects in India are facing delays. It is essential to create a clear understanding among experts in the field and carry out an in-depth analysis of the causes of delays because the volume and capacity of the Indian construction sector have changed significantly over the past ten years. Construction delays have a considerable influence on residential projects budgets, schedules, and stakeholder satisfaction. Construction delays are a big issue in the residential construction industry since they increase costs, cause time delays, and disrupt quality. It is crucial to pinpoint the primary causes of these delays in order to reduce the effect they have on project performance. This research study attempts to give a thorough understanding of the factors that contribute to construction delays in residences. This study synthesises previous literature and research findings to investigate a number of factors, their interactions, and their influence on project delays. In order to properly manage and reduce construction delays in residential construction projects, the review underlines the relevance of recognising these aspects.

Meta-analysis: The effect of the discovery learning model on indonesian students’ mathematics reasoning

The ability of mathematical reasoning is one of the important skills for students. The discovery learning model is a suitable learning model to enhance students' mathematical reasoning abilities. The research uses meta-analysis methods through a review of articles in Indonesian national journals. From Google Scholar, Portal Garuda, and Sinta ristekbrin, the author obtained 10 studies that met the inclusion criteria for analysis on the Meta-Mar website to obtain a combined effect size. From the interpretation of this combined effect size, it can be concluded that the overall implementation of the discovery learning model has a moderate effect on students' mathematical reasoning abilities. The characteristics of this research study include educational level, year of research, and sample size. From the statistics, it was found that implementing the discovery learning model to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities is influenced by educational level, year of research, and sample size.

Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic fruit extract of Terminalia chebula

Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic fruit extract of Terminalia chebula was evaluated using tail-flick method, eddy’s hot plate method, acetic acid induced writhing responses and in-vivo anti-inflammatory property was determined using carrageenan rat paw edema. The ethanolic fruit extract of Terminalia chebula at different concentrations significantly inhibited the nociception in comparision with different standard drugs that showed anti-nociception. The test extract also reduced the edema induced in rats using carrageenan paw edema method as compared with the standard drug Diclofenac sodium 10mg/kg. The results obtained in this research study found to be very significant when compared to standard reference drug.