Research Reports Research Articles

2022 개정 초등영어 교육과정의 변화 및 적용상의 쟁점 분석

This study aimed to analyze major changes in the 2022 Revised Elementary English Curriculum, identify the challenges that in-service teachers might encounter in its implementation, and explore ways to address these challenges. To accomplish this, the curriculum document was examined for changes in its overall structure as well as for detailed changes in four major components to identify the main direction of the revision. Subsequently, to identify any implementation challenges, this study conducted a content analysis of opinion documents from in-service teachers collected during the curriculum development process, along with related research reports and journal articles. The major changes in the new curriculum can be broadly summarized as follows: 1) the notion of a competency-based curriculum was fully realized, with subject competencies explicitly presented, and a framework of learning contents and achievement standards aligned with them; 2) in order to strengthen basic literacy education, the achievement standards for grades 3-4 were adjusted upwards, and the continuity between grade groups was enhanced; 3) there was an emphasis on the use of various educational technologies and artificial intelligence in teaching and assessment, as well as individually tailored learning and assessment. In relation to these changes, three implementation issues emerged from the content analysis: difficulties with teaching and assessing competencies, particularly regarding strategies, attitudes, and values; interpreting and applying the revised achievement standards; and dealing with an increased level of written language in grades 3-4 and providing support for struggling learners.

Islamic Music Art of Gamelan Kiai Kanjeng in the Plurality of Indonesia

The Kiai Kanjeng Musical Arts Group has a strategic position and distinct function. It does not only play musical performances but also participate in helping people’s life problems through communication and dialogue in the context of Islamic pluralism. This research was to examine the Kiai Kanjeng Music Group, pluralistic dialogue, and conflict resolution. This study used a descriptive-qualitative approach with a two-stage data collection method. First, a comprehensive literature review to identify relevant sources such as books, journal articles, and research reports related to gamelan music, Islam, and pluralism in Indonesia. Second, an online search to access traditional music archives, gamelan performance recordings, and audiovisual resources related to the Kiai Kanjeng Gamelan Music Group. The findings of this study were: the Kiai Kanjeng Music Group played traditional and modern types of music. During the performance, the group had a dialogue and discussion session with the audiences. Finally, the Kiai Kanjeng Music Group was able to touch on aspects of social life by offering solutions and mediating major conflicts through a special methods.

대학의 연구 역량 강화를 위한 예술디자인연구원의 역할 연구

The Art and Design Research Institute serves as a crucial space for fostering creativity and innovation, playing a key role in discovering new ideas and solutions across diverse fields of art and design. Researchers at such institutes are expected to drive change in response to contemporary trends, undertake pioneering research in the arts and design, and lead innovation. The purpose of this study is to clearly understand and document the key roles and responsibilities within the 'Kyung Hee University Art and Design Research Institute,' establishing goals and expectations for fulfilling these roles and envisioning the future. The research involves analyzing policy white papers on design, cultural arts education, reports on university-affiliated research institutes, and various research reports to grasp and systematize the content related to the roles of art and design research institutes. Based on theoretical background development, the study identifies the perceived limitations by researchers in design institutes and derives the roles that institutes should play in overcoming these limitations. The Art and Design Research Institute should actively contribute to both academic achievements and practical advancements by fostering idea-sharing platforms through conferences and workshops, strengthening student guidance, enhancing domestic and international research exchanges, supporting researchers, and emphasizing interdisciplinary design, thereby promoting the development of the field of integrated design.

Management of cooperative banks in Poland in the context of organizational culture - research report

Objectives The main aim of the article was to determine the impact of organizational culture on the effectiveness of managing cooperative banks. The research conducted by the authors focused mainly on the internal mechanisms functioning in these organizations, such as; leadership style, employee management style, analysis of factors ensuring organizational coherence, defining success criteria and factors motivating employees (often shareholders). Material and methods The methods used in the study included literature analysis and criticism, participant observation, comparisons, case studies, induction and deduction, synthesis. The main research tool was the OCAI (Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument) questionnaire by K.S. Cameron and E. Quinn, based on a competitive value model. The authors also defined the type of organizational culture according to T. E. Deal and A. Kennedy, based on the criteria of the degree of risk and the speed of feedback. 150 entities located in various regions of Poland were deliberately selected for the study. The research sample accounted for 28%. . The research was carried out in 2020 and 2021. Results The obtained results showed that cooperative banks are characterized by an autocratic management style. The autocratic management style does not correspond to the cooperative form. The type of culture indicated by the respondents requires modification consisting in the partial elimination of bureaucracy and autocratic personnel management, downgrading the features of the culture of gamblers and routines. Conclusions From a practical point of view, resolving the dilemma of whether profit is essential the purpose of a cooperative bank's operation has a key influence on the choice of a microeconomic model bank.

Learned Helplessness of Secondary-School Students Learning English During Covid-19 Distance Education: a Research Report

Objectives of the research: This article presents a diagnosis of the learned helplessness experienced by secondary-school students learning English remotely during the 2021 lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The objectives are to (1) show the level of learned helplessness of secondary-school students learning English, (2) investigate the relationship between foreign language learning strategies and the learned helplessness of secondary-school students, and (3) determine the relationship between the level of learned helplessness and the use of private tutoring by secondary-school students.
 Research methods: The study was conducted via a written diagnostic survey. It also employed the School Helplessness Scale by B. Ciżkowicz (2009) and the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) by R. Oxford (1990).
 A short description of the context of the issue: The aim of the text is to answer the following research questions: What is the level of learned helplessness of secondary-school students? Is there a relationship between foreign language learning strategies and the learned helplessness of secondary-school students? Does the use of private tutoring differentiate the level of learned helplessness of secondary-school students?
 Research findings: The results demonstrate a significant negative correlation between learned helplessness and the use of memory, cognitive, metacognitive, affective, and social strategies. The average score of learned helplessness was 2.54, which indicates that the respondents usually felt the symptoms of it. An analysis of the results for the three deficits revealed that the motivational deficit made the greatest contribution to learned helplessness. The students who had hired a private tutor in English had a lower level of learned helplessness and cognitive deficit.
 Conclusions and/or recommendations: The research findings lead to several recommendations for educational practice in the context of foreign language learning: using new, effective pedagogical approaches to keep learners motivated—including elements of strategy training or social and emotional learning (SEL)—arranging remedial teaching, and promoting teachers’ professional development.

Seznam izopodov (Crustacea: Isopoda) v Sloveniji

Isopods are a diverse peracarid crustacean group with marine, freshwater and terrestrial representatives. Isopod species lists were typically prepared according to different habitats, which was true also for Slovenia. Here, we prepared the first unified overview of isopod species for Slovenia, which is also the first list of marine isopods in the country. We examined scientific publications, research reports and institutional databases. A total of 126 species have been recorded in Slovenia, of which 31 are marine, 21 are found in freshwater, and 74 are terrestrial. Of these, we report on seven marine and one terrestrial species for the first time. A major part of freshwater isopod richness is linked to the subterranean environment, where most endemic species for the country can be found. Among marine species, many are parasites, with potential economic impact, and two species are considered introduced. When the new species list is considered with valid national legislation, only 41 species retained the same taxonomic status. Many synonyms and invalid taxa according to recent taxonomy point out the need for revision the national red list of Malacostraca as well as other nature protection acts.

Christian Worker Analogy According to 2 Timothy 2:1-13 and Its Implications for Sunday School Teacher Professionalism

This article is conducting research based on the analogy by the Apostle Paul mentioned in 2 Timothy 2:1-13. In the text, Paul makes an analogy of Christian workers in three analogies. This analogy has something to do with the teacher’s professionalism. Therefore the research being done here is divided into two parts, namely the analogy of Christian workers in 2 Timothy 2:1-13 and the second part the implications for the professionalism of Sunday school teachers. The research approach being used includes exegesis research through utilizing Biblical hermeneutic principles and also through utilizing an analysis of implications. The hermeneutic process of the Bible is carried out by analyzing the context and meaning that is found in the text of 2 Timothy 2:1-13. We have used several relevant sources such as books on Bible commentaries and various research reports both in journals and repositories. The implication analysis was carried out after completing the exegesis of 2 Timothy 2:1-13. We have examined the various phenomena that are related to the professionalism of Sunday school teachers and find their correlation to the results of the exegesis already conducted beforehand. The results of the study show that Christian workers by way of analogy in comparison to soldiers, sportsmen, and farmers. The first is the soldier analogy. The soldier analogy explains that the Christian worker is ready to fight on the battlefield to defend his faith in Christ. The second analogy is the sportsman analogy. The sportsman's analogy explains that Christian workers must prepare himself or herself before the competition. In the analogy of sportsmen, Christian workers must be consistent, enterprising, and ready to finish the matches with an enthusiastic spirit. The third analogy is the farmer's analogy. The farmer's analogy explains that Christian workers must be ready to plant the seed of God's Word in everyone's heart. In the farmer's analogy, Christian workers must also be patient and diligent in caring for the seeds of the world that are planted so that these seeds may produce fruit.

Tanggung Jawab Perdata dan Prinsip Kehati-Hatian Notaris dalam Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence yang Menimbulkan Kerugian

Artificial Intelligence is a technology that simulates human intelligence, programmed into electronic media to think and imitate human actions. Artificial Intelligence functions as a tool for restructuring, due diligence, and making deeds, raising concerns regarding potential errors in Artificial Intelligence output that could cause losses to legal subjects. This research examines legal responsibility when the output produced by Artificial Intelligence causes losses, with a focus on the careful application of notary principles as regulated in Article 16 of the Notary Position Law (UUJN). This research adopts a doctrinal legal research approach, utilizing secondary data from literature studies, archives, research reports, and legal sources such as UUJN and the Civil Code. Through qualitative analysis, this research reveals that Artificial Intelligence is not a legal subject but can be categorized as a tool that helps notaries. In terms of legal liability for losses caused by Artificial Intelligence, civil liability is given to the owner of the order, namely the person who uses and gives orders to Artificial Intelligence. This research emphasizes the need for careful consideration of legal responsibilities and prudence in notarial practice, along with the development of Artificial Intelligence technology in the legal domain.

Peran Ormas Muhammadiyah sebagai Faith-Based Organization dalam Memberikan Respons Kemanusiaan terhadap Rakyat Palestina

The protracted conflict between Israel and Palestine, which is still unresolved, has resulted in hundreds of thousands of Palestinians being displaced and in dire need of humanitarian assistance. This issue become a great concern to all international relations actors, including religious organizations. This article will discuss the role of the religion-based organization, namely Muhammadiyah, in providing humanitarian assistance to the Palestinian community. The author uses qualitative research methods with an explanatory approach. Data collection was carried out using library research techniques, namely data collection techniques sourced from books, scientific journals, research reports, mass media news, and official documents. In analyzing the data, the author uses the concepts of “Muhammadiyah” and Faith-Based Organization. The findings of this research are that Muhammadiyah's activities related to Palestine consist of four dimensions, namely providing humanitarian assistance, developing the view that defending Palestine is part of Islamic activism, collecting humanitarian funds, and providing advocacy for Palestinian independence and increasing awareness of the Indonesian people about this issue.

Action Research as a Path to Change in the Teaching/Learning Process

Objectives of the research: The aim of this article is to present the action research method and the methodology for its implementation, using the example of a framework report of research conducted by the author. The research presented herein was designed to capture the changes in the teaching/learning process in a selected classroom following the implementation of the Universal Design for Learning (UDL) approach.
 Research methods: The method used in the research was the action research method.
 A short description of the context of the issue: In a rapidly changing world, education researchers face the challenge of how to study and analyze the educational process, which is (and must remain) changeable in order to keep up with the changing reality. Action research is an interesting methodological proposal. Three cycles of research are presented; for each cycle, the planning process (including research questions), actions taken, data collection methods, and results were specified separately.
 Research findings: The analysis shows that the research and innovative activities resulted in the development of students’ skills in planning, organizing, and managing their learning, as well as the development of their independence, responsibility, creativity, and problem-solving skills. Their willingness to cooperate also increased. As a result, they became more active (self‑)learners. At the same time, the teachers shifted from their traditional, central role of teaching others to that of facilitators, creating learning conditions for a diverse group of students.
 Conclusions and recommendations: It was demonstrated that action research is a valuable way of bringing about reflective change in the teaching/learning process. Action research is worth promoting to teacher-practitioners, as it is an effective way to introduce bottom-up changes that optimize the educational process.

The Impact of the War and Migration Crises on the Functioning of Children and Refugee Families From Ukraine in Poland. Research Report

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: Identification of challenges and preliminary recommendations for working with refugee families in Poland.
 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The study aims to identify challenges shared by previous and Ukrainian refugee families in Poland and is a part of ongoing qualitative, study where ethnopedagogical method, narrative interviews, critical case sampling and key/purposive case sampling were used. In further studies (triangulation) sensitive cases sample will be used. 
 THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The aim of the research is to diagnose challenges common to refugee families and, in further research, specific to Ukrainian families in Poland.
 RESEARCH RESULTS: Problems common to both groups of refugee families include: experiencing the disaster curve, acculturation stress, and specific experiences of migrating children and families.
 CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: The recommendations suggest selected ways of solving the problems of refugee families by professionals working with them.

Medicine and Health in the European Dream

The primary purpose of this publication is to show some fundamental links between health, medicine, democracy, and the new Europe rebuilt after 1945. The European health system is connected to the Enlightenment and its universalistic ideas. A universalistic health system includes all individuals, regardless of wealth, culture, race, gender, religion, nationality, sexual orientation, or other distinguishing features. My final point is to support the EU's universalism, which has frequently been controversial; it can be maximized by the digital revolution rather than minimized due to the high and growing costs of medical care. These pages were born from a project aimed to assess the public health changes from the perspective of the upheavals caused by COVID-19. The research project involved the collection of documentation, with interviews and fieldwork, to highlight the response capabilities to the pandemic, particularly in the Italian healthcare system, the first to be affected in the West. The interviews were conducted in various countries, and all the documentation was considered from a comparative perspective. These pages constitute an intermediate research report with a view to final publication. In my presentation, I will also delve deeper into a previous project ("EU and Turkey: Connecting Identities, Bridging Cultures") that was launched in 2008 with the support of the European Union and started together with the German universities of Heidelberg and Ludwigsburg and various universities in Turkey. At the various stages of my inquiry, I have published many books and articles on different themes (Gammone, 2021, 2018, 2015; Gammone and Sidoti, 2012).

Current Research on Inclusive Education in Mexico

Introduction. The study of access, participation and learning for people with disabilities in Mexico has been a recurring theme in the country’s educational research, however, its treatment over the last three decades has been superficial and contradictory. Based on a systematised literature review, guided through the PRISMA-S checklist and by means of a qualitative content analysis we describe and analyse the most developed themes and approaches in Mexican research published in indexed journals on the education of people with disabilities over the last nine years. Materials and Methods. Based on the protocols, reviews were conducted in multiple databases and the results were limited to Ibero-American journals published between 2013 and 2021. Keywords in Spanish related to disability and inclusion were used for the search. Inclusion criteria specified Mexican authorship or analysis of the Mexican context, blind peer review and relevance to Social Sciences teaching. The analysis involved a coding process focusing on the epistemic positioning, main themes and transformative aims of the research, providing a descriptive overview of academic articles. Results. The results highlight that the studies, for the most part, tend to be empirical research reports promoted by female re-searchers from Mexican public universities, a large part of the studies are situated in the paradigm of inclusive education and the objectives of the research tend to study the conditions of schools and universities. During the analysis process, 13 thematic sub-dimensions were identified, of which two stand out: 1) initial and in-service teacher training and 2) inclusive education policies. The study points out some contradictions between the theoretical approach selected by the authors and their own forms of research; the scarcity of socio-critical research and a worrying need for funds to develop transformative projects in Mexican schools. Discussion and Conclusion. The study calls for expanded international research efforts to collectively improve educational conditions for people with disabilities.

Analysis of Environmental Awareness of Tourism Vocational Students in Central Lombok District

The aim of this study is to analyze the level of environmental awareness of Tourism Vocational School students in Central Lombok Regency. The Central Lombok region has various tourism potentials, both natural and cultural potential. The level of environmental awareness of students greatly determines the implementation of behavior to protect the community's environment in implementing various tourism programs in Central Lombok Regency. One of the Basic Competencies of Applied Science at Tourism Vocational Schools discusses waste handling in the tourism sector. This condition places Tourism Vocational School students as one of the main actors in implementing sustainable tourism. This study was conducted using quantitative descriptive research type. The strategy used in this study is an associative strategy. The research instrument in this study used a modified questionnaire from the Waikato Regional Council research report in 2013 entitled "Environmental Awareness, Attitudes and Actions and New Ecological Paradigm Combined Survey: A survey of residents of the Waikato Region ". The respondent sampling technique used in this study was convenience sampling, by distributing questionnaires to respondents using the Google Form application. 142 respondents completed the environmental awareness questionnaire. The results of the study show that the level of environmental awareness of Tourism Vocational School students in Central Lombok Regency is categorized as low

Geo-energy and Activities, Energy Policy of the Mongolia: Problems, Challenges, and Solutions

This article summarizes research reports on the foundations of geo-energy study theory, dynamic change and transition in international relations or geopolitical fields, geo-economics fragmentation, and the new distribution of powers in the region. Based on the situation analysis, I tried to explore the dangers and risks facing the national security of the country. Moreover, policy analysis was conducted on energy strategy policy that stated mid and long-term development concepts of the country. One can distinguish the Mongolian energy strategy into two objectives: To establish and maintain energy security; To keep and grow in the role of an energy-market player. According to geo-energy theory, the Mongolian energy policy can be divided into three separate fields, such as 1) Steps according to the changes and risks associated with world order; 2) Steps according to the third-neighbor policy; and 3) Steps according to cooperation with two neighbors. The dynamics of the change in the world energy sector have naturally dragged Mongolia into its competitive field as a country that has tremendous resources of clean energy and critical minerals. Although Mongolia has the potential to be a big player in the field, it has to play along with super players in the field and consider their interests and arrangements. To attract foreign investment and high technology, Mongolia should employ an attractive policy in the long term. It requires the country to be active in the world energy field and to calculate future energy trends, dynamics, and arrangements correctly.

Simulator education in Japanese dental education.

Advances in information and communication technology (ICT) and digital technology have contributed greatly to the development of educational methods, and new educational styles have been introduced over the past several years. In recent years, it has become possible to provide more realistic simulator training to prepare for patient care through the development of phantom heads with jaws and artificial teeth that reflect actual anatomical structures and composition. While these phantom head simulator resources are becoming more realistic, the development of digital devices utilizing virtual reality has enabled training that is even more realistic than the jaw models, such as scanning the teeth and transfer this scan into a VR model in the simulator which can be used to practice on prior to treating the patient. There was a basic research report on the development of VR haptics simulators in Japan about 20 years ago, but there have been no reports for some time since then, and there are several reports on VR haptics simulators published after 2018. Even now, in terms of utilization in dental education, it is difficult to say that VR haptics simulator has been widely introduced in Japan. The reasons for this may be related to the evaluation system for clinical dental skills in the Japanese dental education system, as well as issues with budgets and in current condition of dental clinical practice in dental schools. It must be that the VR haptics simulator will be utilized in terms of preparatory training for patient care as clinical dental practice participation is enhanced in the future.

Optimizing the Use of Rice Mills Unit and Bed Drayer Technology Implementing Hygiene and Sanitation Standards to Improve Employee Performance Agricultural Industry

The purpose of the research on optimizing the use of rice mills unit and bed drayer technology and the application of hygiene and sanitation standards to improve employee performance in the rice milling agricultural industry aims to determine the use of agricultural technology and the application of hygiene and sanitation standards to support employee performance in the rice milling agricultural sector. Qualitative research using a literature study approach. Books, journals, research reports, and secondary data to support the research results. The research process begins with the urgency of using technology and implementing sanitary hygiene standards in the agricultural sector that can improve employee performance. The application of hygienic sanitation standards in rice mills is still not optimal, training is needed. That to improve employee performance in a company including in the agricultural industry sector, an employee must be able to master technology properly and correctly in order to achieve the goals of a company. The conceptual framework used as a research topic shows a link in improving performance. Employees as a parameter are given increased competence related to the use of the latest agricultural technology.

Computer games as a subject of psychological research – negative and positive aspects of gaming

Computer games are an interactive form of entertainment that is popular with younger and younger players. Therefore researchers are actively seeking information on the consequences of pursuing this type of pastime. At the beginning, the researchers’ attention was focused mainly on the negative aspects of gaming. Nowadays, more and more benefits related to this activity are being indicated. In 2014, Granic, Lobel and Engels published an article on the benefits of playing computer games. The researchers focused on four areas: cognitive, motivational, emotional, and social. They wanted to inspire new research on mental health benefits of gaming by pointing to various research reports they selected. This paper aims to present the research directions explored in recent years by researchers who strive to describe the positive and negative consequences of gaming. I present the main directions and examples of research in these areas, highlighting the ambiguity of the current results. Problematic areas related to gaming include aggression and violence, addiction, weakening of social relations, experiencing undesirable emotions, sexualization, racial prejudice, and racial discrimination. The indicated opportunities and benefits are the strengthening of cognitive, motor, emotional, and social competences.

How Transformative Education Empowers Social Justice: Bridging the Gap between Knowledge and Action

This paper examines how transformative education can empower social justice by bridging the gap between knowledge and action. It presents a theoretical framework for transformative education, which is grounded in critical reflection, dialogue, and action. By fostering critical consciousness, transformative education enables students to challenge the systemic issues that perpetuate inequality and injustice. Drawing on examples from different educational contexts, this paper highlights the importance of adopting a transformative approach to education in order to create meaningful change in individuals and communities. Ultimately, it argues that transformative education can serve as a powerful tool for promoting equity, inclusion, and social justice in society.
 This study would base on a literature review of the existing research on transformative education and its relationship with social justice. The literature review draws on various academic databases, including research works, papers, articles, books, and reports published in several journals. The paper adopts a qualitative approach to analyze and synthesize the literature on transformative education and uses thematic analysis to identify key themes and concepts. The findings are presented in a narrative format and related illustration in the topic’s case study which is organized around the theoretical framework of transformative education. The paper also includes case studies and examples from different educational settings to illustrate the transformative potential of education in promoting social justice.

The Profit Pattern and Financial Impact of NetEase Cloud Music's Marketing Strategy

With the rise of short video platforms and the onset of the post-copyright era, the digital music industry is undergoing significant transformations. The competition within the industry has intensified, while user growth and conversion to paying users have encountered obstacles. As a leader in China's digital music industry, it is worth exploring how to overcome these challenges and identify new areas for growth. This paper employs literature research, case analysis, data analysis, and other research methods. Firstly, it analyzes NetEase Cloud Music's profit model based on subscription payments, advertising revenue, and sales of virtual items outlined in its prospectus. Secondly, it utilizes authoritative industry research reports to analyze NetEase Cloud Music's user positioning, consumer profile, and partnerships, simultaneously examining their marketing strategy through a case study involving Hangzhou Metro's collaboration with NetEase Cloud Music, known as "Reviews Train." By analyzing structural changes in financial data disclosed in annual performance announcements, this paper examines the impact of marketing strategies on revenue growth, cost control measures, and profitability, as well as explores how adopting diversified market strategies can enhance risk management capabilities and improve financial stability. Finally, this paper presents corresponding countermeasures and suggestions based on identified issues from previous analyses along with future prospects.