Research Problem Research Articles

Mother tongue: multilingual approach to acquisition

The article presents the results of the impact of mother tongues on the learning of English as a foreign language (EFL) by students at the University of Kinshasa’s communication department. The study used a double sequential explanatory model combining quantitative and qualitative data collected through surveys, interviews, and tests. The research problem stemmed from observations of how the integration of French and Lingala facilitated students’ understanding, leading to an investigation into the positive impact of mother tongues on EFL learning. The study’s objectives included establishing the perfect mother tongue of students, comparing performance between monolingual and multilingual teaching, and suggesting the multilingual approach for EFL classrooms. Results supported the hypotheses that most students are proficient in lingala for some and French for others. Multilingual teaching outperforms monolingual teaching, and multilingual teaching is appropriate for EFL learners. The study recommends incorporating translanguaging and multilingual strategies into EFL classrooms at the University of Kinshasa to enhance learning outcomes.

Synthesizing Jakarta City’s Local Wisdom: Reimagining Sidewalks with an Emotional Design and Sustainability Approach

The research objective was to design sidewalks as walking facilities and public spaces, considering comfort, safety, cleanliness, and functionality for Jakarta’s residents. The city of Jakarta, as a megapolitan center, hosted various societal activities. The high mobility of Jakarta’s population led to busy sidewalk activities, especially walking, regulated by the Director General of Highways’ guidelines. Walking could help reduce pollution, with Jakarta having the worst pollution in 2023. The research problem, based on 360-degree Google Maps images of sidewalks, was that sidewalks serve not only as footpaths but also as public gathering spaces. The qualitative research method examined digital data on sidewalk use in Jakarta (west, central, south, east, and north). The design process incorporated emotional design (visceral, behavioral, reflective) and three dimensions of sustainability (The Overlapping Spheres Model of Triple Bottom Line/TBL). The result is a 3D sidewalk model using emotional and sustainability design approaches. Synthesis of emotional design interprets visceral (sensory), behavioral (habits), and reflective (values) levels. Synthesis of sustainability includes environmental, social, and economic dimensions, focusing on air quality, water management, and energy efficiency. Social and economic aspects aim to meet Jakarta residents’ basic needs. Ultimately, these recommendations aim to make cities and neighborhoods inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. However, the research is limited to design recommendations without direct implementation. Further research or implementation is needed to address these challenges and ensure Jakarta residents’ future well-being.

The Current State of Research on the Development of Entrepreneurial Competence in Vocational Education

This research paper delves into the current state of outline of entrepreneurial competence development in vocational education. It analyzes the research problems of domestic and international researchers from 2016 to the present, drawing conclusions about the effectiveness of the economic component of content in vocational education and the level of development of entrepreneurial competence for changing students' economic behavior. The research identified a prevalence of theory over practice, highlighting the challenge of implementing entrepreneurial practices, internships, mobility programs, and grant project participation for educators and students. The study underscores the need for state support and assistance for future entrepreneurs, improvement of the quality and quantitative indicators of the effectiveness of students, and official registration of youth startups. The study offers recommendations for enhancing the pedagogical effectiveness of entrepreneurial competence development in the vocational education system: curriculum revision: review and update the content, means, and methods of instruction to incorporate interactive learning forms that foster entrepreneurial competence development; personnel education: training future teachers of vocational (technical and vocational education) who are capable of developing entrepreneurial competence; institutional collaboration: establish cooperation between state institutions (vocational education institutions and employment centers) to provide graduates of vocational educational institutions with non-reimbursable state financial assistance for entrepreneurial activities. The study emphasizes the crucial role of entrepreneurial competence development in preparing students for the dynamic and competitive labor market. By implementing the proposed recommendations, vocational education institutions can effectively equip students with the necessary skills, knowledge and attitudes to navigate the entrepreneurial activities and contribute to economic growth.

LINGUISTIC COMPETENCE OF GRADE SIX STUDENTS:BASIS FOR LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM FOR INTERMEDIATE LEARNERS

This study seeks answer to the level of linguistic competence of the intermediate students. Eventually, from the findings drawn out of the study a Language Development Program will be designed and proposed. This study employed the non-experimental descriptive survey research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Linguistic Competence of Grade Six Students: Basis for Language Development Program for Intermediate Learners. According to Good (2005), this method of research shows merely description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2005). This study will be conducted in Sulop Central Elementary School. The respondents in this study are the 185 intermediate students of the research locale. The respondents will answer a researcher made assessment test on their oral and written communication skills. This study makes use of the universal sampling procedure considering the manageable number of respondents in the research locale. This study revealed that the intermediate students are struggling in their linguistic competence. This means that a development program should be developed to address their linguistic competence in order for them to be performing in English and other subject areas where English is the medium of instruction. KEYWORDS: linguistic competence, grade six students, basis for language development program, intermediate learners

UTILIZATION OF PERFORMANCE-BASED ASSESSMENT IN MATHEMATICS: BASIS FOR NUMERACY REMEDIATION PROGRAM FOR GRADE FOUR LEARNERS

This study aimed at determining the utilization of performance-based assessment as the basis in developing the numeracy intervention program for grade four learners. This study employed the non-experimental descriptive-correlation research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Utilization of Performance-based Assessment in Mathematics: Basis for Numeracy Remediation Program for Grade Four Learners. According to Good (2005), this method of research shows merely description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2005). This study was conducted in all public elementary schools in Binugao district, Davao City. The respondents of this study were the 5 grade four teachers to assess the 250 grade four learner in the research locale who were the subjects of this study and whose numeracy was assessed using performance-based assessment. Moreover, simple random sampling procedure was used considering the enormous number of the grade four learners in the district while at the same time simple sampling procedure was used in determining the number of teacher who will participate in the study. This study revealed that teachers most of the time used performance-based assessment in assessing learning outcomes in mathematics of the grade four learners. This also means that teachers are confident in using performance-based assessment as it monitors academic progress of the child in mathematics subject. KEYWORDS: utilization of performance-based assessment, mathematics, basis for numeracy remediation program, grade four learners

IMPLEMENTATION OF 8-WEEK READING PROGRAM FOR STRUGGLING READERS: BASIS FOR ENHANCED SCHOOL REMEDIATION PROGRAM

This study seeks to determine the effect of Implementing the 8-week Reading Program on the Struggling Learners: Basis for Enhanced Remediation Program. This study employed the non-experimental descriptive survey research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Implementation of 8-week Reading Program for Struggling Readers: Basis for Enhanced School Reading Program. According to Good (2023), this method of research shows merely description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2022). This study will be conducted in Almendras Elementary School. The respondents in this study are the 150 struggling learners of the research locale. The respondents will answer a researcher made assessment test on reading comprehension. This study makes use of the universal sampling procedure considering the manageable number of respondents in the research locale. This revealed that learners’ level in majority of the least mastered competency in reading is at Approaching competency except for giving judgment where they are at developing level. Therefore, it is concluded that the current reading program should be enhanced giving more focus on giving judgment. KEYWORDS: implementation of 8-week reading program, struggling readers, basis for enhanced school remediation program

INSTRUCTIONAL COMPETENCE OF NEWLY HIRED TEACHERS: BASIS FOR PEDAGOGICAL UPSKILLING PLAN

This study sought the level of Instructional competence of newly hired teachers. Eventually, an upskilling plan was designed and proposed. This study employed the non-experimental quantitative utilizing descriptive research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data was presented in qualitative descriptions on the “Instructional Competence of Newly Hired Teachers: Basis for a Pedagogical Upskilling Plan”. According to Good (2021), this method of research shows a correlation tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2020). This study was conducted in Magsaysay South District, Division of Davao Del Sur. The subjects of this study were 50 Elementary School teachers. This is self-appraisal where the respondents answer the survey questionnaire given to them. This study utilizes simple random sampling procedure in determining the research respondents considering the enormous number of elementary school teachers in the district. This study revealed that the teachers manifested expertise in their instructional competence which is expected to result to higher academic outcomes. The classroom observation done by the school regularly is a form of technical assistance to every teacher in school. The study also revealed that the school head is prompt in conducting classroom observation and shows expertise in coaching and mentoring as regards effective classroom instruction. KEYWORDS: instructional competence, newly hired teachers, basis for pedagogical upskilling plan

Target assignment for multiple stages of weapons systems using a deep Q-learning network and a modified artificial bee colony method

Multistage Weapon Target Assignment (MWTA) in defense systems is a critical process that focuses on minimizing deviations and inaccuracies during target assignment across stages like initialization, tracking, and counterattack. The research problem lies in efficiently assigning targets to weapon systems while accounting for distractions and tracking accuracy constraints. Existing approaches often face challenges related to computational complexity, real-time engagement limitations, and scalability issues, leading to inaccuracies in various stages within the system's perceived radius. This paper proposes a novel State-based Modified Artificial Bee Colony Method (SMABCM) that integrates Q-learning to generate adaptive target assignment decisions. SMABCM aims to maximize assignment accuracy by prioritizing low deviation rewards, enabling precise one-to-one target tracking and reducing the population of the artificial bee colony. The Q-learning network dynamically defines generation and reduction states based on deviations to minimize distracting targets and enhance tracking precision. Experimental results demonstrate SMABCM's superior performance over existing approaches in target precision comparison, hit probability, increase in distracting target detection, reduced deviation factor, and computation time. As the speed increases, the proposed SMABCM improves target accuracy by 9.54 %, hit probability by 9.17 %, distracting target detection by 12.35 %, while reducing deviation by 7.39 % and computation time by 10.11 %. This approach addresses complexities in multistage weapon systems through dynamic strategies, contributing to proactive defense against evolving security threats.

COLLABORATIVE READING PRACTICES OF TEACHERS AND DECODING SKILLS OF GRADE TWO LEARNERS

This study sought to answer the level of the reading practices of teachers and the level of decoding skills of grade two learners. Further, it sought to determine the significant relationship between the collaborative reading practices of teachers and the decoding skills of grade two pupils. This study employed the non-experimental descriptive survey research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Collaborative reading approach and Decoding skills of grade six pupils. According to Good (2005), this method of research shows merely a description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved the procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2005). This study was conducted in selected 10 schools of Matanao II district. The respondents in this study are 150 grade two learners and 30 grade two teachers. The respondents answered a researcher made assessment test on their oral and written communication skills. This study made use of the single random sampling procedure. This study revealed that teachers in reading are skilled in establishing and implementing a reading program to address the reading needs of struggling readers. KEYWORDS: Collaborative reading approach, Decoding skills, grade six pupils

ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY OF EARLY GRADE IP LEARNERS: BASIS FOR A BRIDGING PROGRAM

The general purpose of this study is to look into the language proficiency level of the Early Grade IP learners which eventually be the basis of a bridging program that will be designed.This study employed the non-experimental descriptive survey research design in investigating the research problem. It is descriptive because the data are presented in quantitative descriptions on the “Language Competence of IP Learners: Basis for a Bridging Program. According to Good (2020), this method of research shows merely description of tasks presenting the conditions regarding the nature of the group of persons or class of events that involved procedure of analysis, classification, and measurement. It involves varied information regarding the current or present condition (Deauna, 2021). This study was conducted in the schools of Sulop district. The respondents in this study were the 210 IP learners of the research locale. The respondents answered a researcher made assessment test on their oral and comprehension skills. This study makes use of the universal sampling procedure considering the manageable number of respondents in the research locale. This revealed that Early Grade IP learners display basic skills in reading which means that their reading skills need to be developed further so that when reading stories, they do not comprehend the stories literally but they will read between the lines in order to have a broad understanding of the literary piece that eventually brings lesson and new insights. KEYWORDS: english language, proficiency of early grade, learners, basis for a bridging program

Public Participation in the Management of Traditional Markets from the Perspective of Local Governance

Background: Regional economic development necessitates a complex process involving various initiatives and collaboration between the government and the local community to enhance employment opportunities and community welfare. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the trade sector, mainly traditional markets, which have experienced a decline in the number of traders and turnover. Traditional markets, which play a crucial role in the distribution of local products and the provision of employment, need help with management and must compete with modern shopping centers. To sustain and enhance the competitiveness of traditional markets, professional management and revitalization are required, adhering to health, hygiene, and safety standards. Additionally, adaptation to digitalization is essential despite posing challenges in maintaining the traditional characteristics of these markets. Success in managing traditional markets necessitates active participation and collaboration between the central government, local government, the private sector, and the community. This reflects the concept of local governance, which involves multiple actors in addressing local issues. Research Methods: This study employs a qualitative descriptive method to analyze public participation in managing traditional markets in Bengkulu City. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with stakeholders, including market traders, market managers, and local government officials. Direct observations were also conducted to understand the market management dynamics better. Data analysis was carried out thematically to identify patterns of participation and the factors influencing them. This approach allows the researcher to explore the experiences and perceptions of market participants and identify barriers and opportunities for enhancing public participation. Theoretical Review: This research draws on the theories of public participation and local governance in managing traditional markets. Public participation involves the active engagement of the community in the decision-making processes that concern their interests. This theory emphasizes the importance of information openness, transparency, and commitment from all parties to achieve optimal outcomes. Meanwhile, local governance refers to managing public resources by local governments involving various stakeholders such as the community, the private sector, and non-governmental organizations. This approach highlights the importance of collaboration and partnership in creating market management more responsive to community needs. By understanding and applying the principles of these two theories, it is expected that the management of traditional markets can be more effective and sustainable, especially in facing challenges such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Result and Discussion: This study employs a descriptive research design with a qualitative approach. Data were collected through interviews, field notes, and other documents. This research aims to comprehensively and thoroughly understand the phenomenon of public participation in the management of Panorama Market in Bengkulu City from the perspective of local governance: the research procedures involved snowball and purposive sampling, triangulation of data collection, and inductive data analysis. In this study, the researcher was directly involved in the research setting through both field observations and social interactions with the research subjects. The qualitative method was chosen because the research problem still needs to be clearly defined, and sufficient data must still be provided. This method allows for a broader and deeper depiction of the social processes being studied. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that public participation and local governance play crucial roles in managing traditional markets, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Collaboration between the government, the community, and the private sector is critical to effective and sustainable management. By applying the principles of public participation and local governance, the management of traditional markets can be enhanced to face future challenges better.

Foundations & Trends in Multimodal Machine Learning: Principles, Challenges, and Open Questions

Multimodal machine learning is a vibrant multi-disciplinary research field that aims to design computer agents with intelligent capabilities such as understanding, reasoning, and learning through integrating multiple communicative modalities, including linguistic, acoustic, visual, tactile, and physiological messages. With the recent interest in video understanding, embodied autonomous agents, text-to-image generation, and multisensor fusion in application domains such as healthcare and robotics, multimodal machine learning has brought unique computational and theoretical challenges to the machine learning community given the heterogeneity of data sources and the interconnections often found between modalities. However, the breadth of progress in multimodal research has made it difficult to identify the common themes and open questions in the field. By synthesizing a broad range of application domains and theoretical frameworks from both historical and recent perspectives, this article is designed to provide an overview of the computational and theoretical foundations of multimodal machine learning. We start by defining three key principles of modality heterogeneity , connections , and interactions that have driven subsequent innovations, and propose a taxonomy of six core technical challenges: representation , alignment , reasoning , generation , transference , and quantification covering historical and recent trends. Recent technical achievements will be presented through the lens of this taxonomy, allowing researchers to understand the similarities and differences across new approaches. We end by motivating several open problems for future research as identified by our taxonomy.

Flow and Aeroacoustic Characteristics of Underexpanded Supersonic Jets Exhausting from a Conical Converging Nozzle

Ensuring the safety of space flights and solving the problems of reducing acoustic loads during the launch of space vehicles requires not only the development of new technical systems for launch complexes, but also methods for the numerical simulation of fluid and aeroacoustic fields generated by supersonic jets. The growing regulations for space vehicle noise also explain the interest in developing models and techniques that anticipate flow and the aeroacoustic characteristics of supersonic jets. Together with integral techniques for computing far-field noise, development of relevant mathematical models and implementation of numerical tools, the concepts of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational aeroacoustics (CAA) are covered. The noise generated by a supersonic underexpanded jet is used to illustrate the capabilities of current numerical modelling and simulation tools. The jet structure, flow properties, and aeroacoustic quantities are affected by the nozzle pressure ratio. The outcomes of numerical simulation are contrasted with existing experimental and computational data. The available numerical modelling and simulation tools facilitate the development of novel computational methods and methodologies for challenges in CFD and CAA, in addition to solving research and engineering problems.

INTEGRASI KEILMUAN ISLAM HOLISTIK-INTEGRATIF PERGURUAN TINGGI DI INDONESIA

There are various ways of integrating holistic-integrative Islamic scholarship in the era of postmodernism such as in Indonesia today. This qualitative descriptive writing with a literature study aims to discuss the holistic-integrative integration of Islamic knowledge in higher education in Indonesia. The data analysis technique uses content analysis by sorting data according to the research objectives and problems. This research found the following two things. First, in essence, the integration of Islamic scholarship from holistic-integrative postmodernism-era thinkers is a criticism of the normative-theological Islamic scientific paradigm of the traditionalism era as well as a criticism of the empirical-sociological Islamic paradigm of the modernism era. Second, the essence of the integration of Islamic science in the postmodern era of religious universities in Indonesia is to end the dichotomy of science and religious science for scientific construction in the future. Several Islamic universities in Indonesia have carried out scientific integration, including UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta with the concept of Reintegration of Sciences in Islam, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta with the concept of Integration-Interconnection using the Spider Web metaphor, UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang with the concept of Integration of Science in Islam with the Tree of Knowledge metaphor, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung with the concept of Wahyu Guiding Knowledge with the wheel metaphor, UIN Alauddin Makasar with the concept of Integration and Interconnection of Science and Religious Knowledge with the metaphor of the Tree of Science Cells, and others.

Evaluating the Relationship Between Banking Credit and Total Deposits in the Context of National Highway Development in India

National Highways (NHs) are key facilitators of sustainable growth and development. NHs have a multiplier effect on overall growth, industrialization and urbanization. A key challenge is that the investment that manifests, in terms of savings, deposits and bank credit, is highly endogenous. In such a scenario, a pertinent question arises: Do NHs have an impact or a mirror effect on bank credit? We skirt the problem by investigating the impact of the NH on bank credit. We study this research question by using NHs, examining the growth of banks in the treatment districts (districts within 10 km of an NH) and the control districts (districts beyond 50 km of an NH). We adopted panel regression with fixed effects and long difference estimation to analyse the research problem. The results from the districts that are within 10 km of an NH have a positive association with bank credit and aggregate deposits. This fosters the belief that bank credit and aggregate deposits respond to the development of infrastructural projects such as NHs. In conclusion, the study investigates an empirical association between the construction of NHs during the period between 2014 and 2022 and the local financial sector. Our results are helpful for policymakers and the National Highway Authority of India in evaluating the impact of infrastructural investment on access to banks in the context of an emerging economy. Our results indicate that an NH has a positive impact on the financial sector, but there is still a long road ahead.

Опыт истолкования соотношения созерцания и преобразования в учении И. Канта

The author of this article sees the research problem in the fact that I. Kant in his ontological substantiation of the theory of knowledge shifted from the concept of contemplation to the concept of transformation, considering transformation to be the main factor that determines the method of cognition and constructs the object of knowledge. Kant – the founder of classical German Philosophy – uses the terms contemplation and transformation in an epistemological sense, taking into account a certain ideological foundation laid by the cultural and historical conditions of the epoch that were reflected in his teaching. At that time, the idea of the subject’s dominance, that was ruling the worldview of the new European man, was being established in culture. According to Kant, humans are beings whose normal state is that which corresponds to their consciousness. This state must be created by a person him/herself. Kant is talking about a world in which the phenomena of nature are transformed by humans. From that moment on, history began to move faster than the natural environment. The centre of a new, accelerated (compared with natural processes) development started to take shape, which allowed humans to escape from the influence of purely natural processes while remaining in the same space with them. Nature handed activity to humans. According to B.F. Porshnev, an updated periodization of a historical process, if it is objective and captures the process’s own rhythm, turns out to be acceleration. This was the context in which Kant’s epistemological approach originated. The assertion of the subject’s dominance transported thinkers to an ontologically new world, ruled not by the naked necessity of nature, condemning humans to a contemplative position that was criticized by K. Marx in his first thesis on Feuerbach, but by necessity linked with consciousness. This necessity is established by consciousness and becomes a conscious necessity, redefined by Kant and by a person him/herself.

Technology park possibilities in implementing the system of digital civil and patriotic education at the university

Introduction. Trends in digitalization and convergence in education, the introduction of distance learning technologies affect both the education system and the educational process as its significant component. Traditional forms and methods of educational work, which were effective with previous generations of students, show low results with generation “Z”. In this regard, digital means of education, implemented within the framework of a digital educational system, become relevant, which would allow students to move from the position of an observer to the state of an active participant in the educational process. The development of a system of civic-patriotic education is becoming the most relevant and in demand in the university environment.Materials and Methods. The research was carried out by analyzing scientific literature on the research problem, analyzing regulatory sources, summarizing our own practical experience on the problems of digital technologies for civic and patriotic education of youth.Results. The article presents a description of the system of digital civic-patriotic education being developed at the South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University. The developed system of digital civic-patriotic education will be implemented on the basis of the university website, taking into account the capabilities of the technology park of universal pedagogical competencies. The offices created in the technology park provide an opportunity for the implementation of various civil-patriotic activities.Discussion and Conclusions. Currently, there is an urgent need in universities to conceptually substantiate and develop a digital education system that would contribute to the activation and interest of students in the process of education and self-education. The system of civic-patriotic education will be implemented taking into account the capabilities of the technology park equipment: VR technologies, robotics, 3D modeling, etc. The developed system of digital civicpatriotic education includes such digital educational technologies as: virtual excursions, video resources, social and civic-oriented projects, web quests, cultural and historical Internet portals, etc.

Про фундаментальну підготовку фахівців авіаційної та аерокосмічної галузей

The subject of the study is the state of the fundamental training of specialists in aviation, rocket, and space technology. Recently, the processes of expanding and deepening the fundamental training of specialists in the specialized areas of specific higher education institutions have been intensified. Unfortunately, experience of recent years has shown, the priorities rightfully belong to the aviation and aerospace industries, both in the scientific/creative and design/production spheres. Training of the specialists in the field of aerohydrodynamics of aircraft and their components; gas dynamics of the modern aircraft engines of various types, is currently the priority. In addition, both – the problems in aeroelasticity and research in the field of aerodynamic acoustics related to the environmental safety of the operation of aviation equipment are important for the design of the modern aircraft. Moreover, the design of aircraft that overcomes trans- and supersonic flight speed, requires in-depth study of the processes of heat and mass exchange determining physico-chemical transformations, which are also present in the internal gas-dynamic processes of gas-turbodynamic and rocket engines of aircraft. Structure and comparative analysis study of programs and courses for fundamental training of specialists in the aerospace industry at the universities of USA, Canada, Germany, China, as well as in KhAI, Ukraine, are presented. This study provides comparative information about scientific and experimental bases of aerodynamic complexes available in Ukraine and in leading organizations of North America and Western Europe. This study demonstrates the real unification of deep fundamental theoretical knowledge and practical skills with experimental research based on existing modern research laboratories. Conclusion. Analysis and comparative indicators presented in paper allow us to state that based on today’s needs, the National Aerospace University "Kharkiv Aviation Institute" is capable of significant increase of the quality of training for specialists of all levels for the developed aviation and rocket-space industries of Ukraine.

Behavioral Determinants of Business Continuity in Public Drinking Water Utilities (PDAM) in East Nusa Tenggara of Indonesia

The research pointed out the escalating challenges faced by the Indonesian Public Drinking Water Utilities (PDAMs) in ensuring water access, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices. The primary research problems are deliberately around understanding how CSR practices, corporate culture, and leadership styles impact business continuity in the context of water management utilities. The objective is to explore the relationships between CSR, corporate culture, leadership styles, and business continuity in PDAMs. The data were collected through structured self-administered questionnaires distributed to 100 employees of PDAM in East Nusa Tenggara of Indonesia, assessing their perceptions of CSR practices, corporate culture, leadership styles, and business continuity. The Likert-type scale responses were analyzed, revealing significant associations between these variables. Findings indicate that CSR initiatives positively contribute to business continuity, aligning with the leader's vision of community impact. The unique corporate culture, rooted in strong spiritual values, fosters a distinct work atmosphere and influences community habits. Additionally, a distinctive leadership style, treating employees as family, positively impacts employee attitude and business sustainability. While providing valuable insights, the study acknowledges limitations in generalizability and recommends further research for a comprehensive understanding of these dynamics.

Peran Perhimpunan Bangsa-Bangsa Asia Tenggara dalam Menanggulangi Eksploitasi Perempuan dan Anak

Human trafficking, especially the exploitation of women and children, is a serious problem that threatens humanity in the ASEAN region. The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has an important role in tackling this phenomenon. This research aims to analyze ASEAN's role in tackling human trafficking, with a focus on the exploitation of women and children, as well as to identify challenges and provide recommendations for improvement. The research method used is the normative juridical method, which examines various legal materials as the main basis for answering research problems. A statutory and conceptual approach is used to examine relevant legal instruments and examine concepts related to human trafficking, human rights, and the protection of women and children. Data was collected through document studies and secondary literature, then analyzed qualitatively to evaluate ASEAN's role and effectiveness in tackling human trafficking. The research results show that ASEAN has adopted various legal instruments, including the ASEAN Convention Against Trafficking in Persons (ACTIP), but implementation and coordination between member countries is still a major challenge. The role of civil society and non-governmental organizations is also important in supporting efforts to combat human trafficking in the ASEAN region. Recommendations are suggested to strengthen policy implementation, increase regional cooperation, and strengthen protection for victims, especially women and children.