GIS Research Research Articles

Interfaces do Método de Leitura da Paisagem e Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG): contribuições do estudo das Unidades de Paisagem para o ensino-aprendizagem no Ateliê de Projeto Urbano

The interdisciplinary and multiscale methodological approach presented here seeks to understand the biogeophysical support in repeated interactions with society, highlighting the process of socio-spatial production. It outlines the structuring and adaptation of the Landscape Reading method for didactic workshops in Geographic Information Systems, as a result of the GIS research project applied to Landscape Planning developed in (omitted for blind reading). Structuring such method adapted to geotechnology tools and environmental modeling in a GIS environment proved to be of great value for application in Architecture and Urbanism undegraduate courses, which is undergoing an important process of teaching-learning design methodological adaptation, especially in the areas of landscape, urbanism, and urban and regional planning.

High resolution spatiotemporal modeling of long term anthropogenic nutrient discharge in China

High-resolution integration of large-scale and long-term anthropogenic nutrient discharge data is crucial for understanding the spatiotemporal evolution of pollution and identifying intervention points for pollution mitigation. Here, we establish the MEANS-ST1.0 dataset, which has a high spatiotemporal resolution and encompasses anthropogenic nutrient discharge data collected in China from 1980 to 2020. The dataset includes five components, namely, urban residential, rural residential, industrial, crop farming, and livestock farming, with a spatial resolution of 1 km and a temporal resolution of monthly. The data are available in three formats, namely, GeoTIFF, NetCDF and Excel, catering to GIS users, researchers and policymakers in various application scenarios, such as visualization and modelling. Additionally, rigorous quality control was performed on the dataset, and its reliability was confirmed through cross-scale validation and literature comparisons at the national and regional levels. These data offer valuable insights for further modelling the interactions between humans and the environment and the construction of a digital Earth.

Proposing the combination of spatial components to build residential buildings at levels of details in 3D space

In the long historical development of urban architecture is always diverse in terms of type, style, and color. This is a major challenge for GIS researchers of 0-1-2-2.5-3-3.75-4D space. How can they perform residential buildings in a 2D computer screen? This great challenge is reflected in such aspects as shapes of buildings, storage of space of buildings, update the space of buildings, and query the space of buildings. This article systematizes the related researches, classifies existing GIS models, reviews and recommends the combination of spatial components for the construction of residential buildings at the detailed level (LODs) in three-dimensional (3D) space, so receivable result is a GIS new data model, this new model is called IOLODs. The paper installs experimental combinations of spatial components to become residential buildings. This experimental setup is deployed on Oracle 11G and C#, resulting in a visual representation of residential buildings at LODs in 3D space. The empirical results show that integrating spatial components into the construction of residential buildings in new urban planning is a practical and correct work.

Verification and Validation of Applied GIS Research

Verification and Validation of Applied GIS Research

A Decade of Land Cover Transformations in Akure's Peri-Urban Region (2011-2022) Using Multispectral Landsat Imagery

Aim: To analyze the spatial distribution of land uses in the peri-urban areas of Akure, Nigeria between 2011 and 2022.
 Study Design: Quantitative GIS research.
 Place and Duration of Study: Oke-Odu, Ipinsa and Aule, Akure, Ondo-State, Nigeria, 2022.
 Methodology: ArcGIS was employed in conjunction with Landsat images for 2011, 2016 and 2022 to conduct a supervised classification of land uses in Oke-Odu, Ipinsa and Aule Peri-urban areas of Akure, Nigeria. Data quality was considered such that cloud cover and scene cover of selected imagery downloaded are less than 10%. The classification method used was maximum likelihood, and three distinct classes were targeted: Built up areas, Green Areas and Open Spaces.
 Results: Between 2011 and 2022, Oke-Odu, Akure, Nigeria, experienced significant development, with its built-up area growing from 45 ha (20.15%) to 160 ha (71.45%). However, this came at the cost of green spaces, which decreased from 97 ha (43.43%) to 33 ha (14.78%), indicating a loss of vegetation and natural areas. Similarly, open spaces decreased from 65 ha (29.42%) to 14 ha (6.46%). In Ipinsa, the built-up area expanded from 6 ha (6.50%) to 36 ha (36.40%), while green areas decreased initially but slightly increased later. Open spaces in Ipinsa declined consistently from 17 ha (17.50%) to 3 ha (3.10%). Aule experienced steady development, with built-up areas increasing from 297 ha (56.86%) to 431 ha (82.30%), accompanied by a decline in green spaces and open spaces over time. Overall, built-up areas and open spaces in Oke-Odu, Ipinsa, and Aule have significantly increased over time; however, in both Ipinsa and Aule, there was a slight recovery of green spaces in 2022.
 Conclusion: The study shows that the pattern of land uses in Oke-Odu, Ipinsa, and Aule, Akure demonstrates a consistent trend of urbanization. Built-up areas have expanded substantially over time, while green spaces and open spaces have experienced significant declines, these trends align with global patterns of urbanization and raise concerns about environmental degradation and the need for conservation efforts. Therefore, this study recommends that sustainable development strategies be Implemented to ensure a balance between built-up areas and natural environments.

Urban agglomeration and spatial formation of urban growth in the Colombo District

An urban agglomeration is one of the biggest drivers of national or global economic development since its cities are interconnected. The world's population was 55% urban in 2020, compared to 52% in developing countries (United Nations, 2020).Land usage statistics for small and medium-sized town centers were analyzed using primary and secondary sources. Semi-structured interviews capture 30 experts' thoughts. Reviewing historical planning papers, maps, census records, and other secondary data. Hybrid data analysis. GIS and qualitative research study urban agglomeration and spatial formation. Space Syntax and its integration measure street-to-street transitions to define urban design. Space syntax illustrates population integration and interaction. The Landscape Expansion Matrix controls dynamic systems.Research shows Colombo urbanized nuclear style before 1970. That impacted neighboring municipalities and suburbs for 50 years. After the 1990 Open Economy, outer-circle suburbia expansion began. The Civil War halted suburbanization (2001). Rapid exurban growth created ribbon-shaped urban districts. Development plans for Megacity Colombo City after the 2009 civil conflict advocated corridors and extensive urbanization.

A comprehensive and up-to-date web-based interactive 3D emergency response and visualization system using Cesium Digital Earth: taking landslide disaster as an example

ABSTRACT As with the fast advances in the technologies of big Earth data and information communication, Web-based 3D GIS system has come a long way from a few years ago. These advances reflect in many aspects of 3D GIS such as higher real-time performance, enhanced interactivity, more realistic 3D visualization effect and improved user interface. This paper aims to present a comprehensive and up-to-date 3D Web GIS for Emergency Response using the current vue.js web application framework and the well-known Cesium API, taking landslide disaster as an example. Building upon recent advances in WebGL technology, we developed a suite of enhanced 3D spatial analysis functions, including interactive route planning, instant text/image/video messaging being incorporated into both 3D WebGL page and mobile GIS applications, and progressive 3D construction and AR visualization using LiDAR and camera over local emergency network or internet. Moreover, professional functions such as landslide susceptibility mapping, landslide monitoring, spatial temporal contingency plan management, landslide information management, personnel and equipment management, and communication are all implemented and integrated in the 3D GIS system. Most of the functions of the system are implemented using open-source projects, which is beneficial to the development of the 3D GIS research community.

AdaFI-FCN: an adaptive feature integration fully convolutional network for predicting driver’s visual attention

ABSTRACT Visual Attention Prediction (VAP) is widely applied in GIS research, such as navigation task identification and driver assistance systems. Previous studies commonly took color information to detect the visual saliency of natural scene images. However, these studies rarely considered adaptively feature integration to different geospatial scenes in specific tasks. To better predict visual attention while driving tasks, in this paper, we firstly propose an Adaptive Feature Integration Fully Convolutional Network (AdaFI-FCN) using Scene-Adaptive Weights (SAW) to integrate RGB-D, motion and semantic features. The quantitative comparison results on the DR(eye)VE dataset show that the proposed framework achieved the best accuracy and robustness performance compared with state-of-the-art models (AUC-Judd = 0.971, CC = 0.767, KL = 1.046, SIM = 0.579). In addition, the experimental results of the ablation study demonstrated the positive effect of the SAW method on the prediction robustness in response to scene changes. The proposed model has the potential to benefit adaptive VAP research in universal geospatial scenes, such as AR-aided navigation, indoor navigation, and street-view image reading.

역사 GIS 기반 1910년 기준 면(面) 단위 행정구역의 복원

This article examined the methodologies and achievements of the spatial information restoration of local administrative districts dating back to 1910, focusing on the areas and boundaries of the myeon(township) unit, and described their significance and value. In particular, this article studied the restoration of the spatial information of local administrative districts, which is being carried out under the National Institute of Korean History, as well as the development of a historical administrative district database. This study highlighted the significance and value of spatial information restoration for local administrative districts based on historical GIS, emphasized the need for historical GIS research methodologies in research on Korean history, and opened up possibilities of research expansion. The unit of myeon used in 1910 is closely related to the unit of myeon in the late Joseon Dynasty. The nationwide restoration of the areas and boundaries of the 1910 myeon unit will facilitate spatial information restoration of the myeon unit as used in the late Joseon Dynasty. While the GIS-based restoration of spatial information for the myeon administrative district is an important achievement in itself, it is also expected to significantly enhance the diachronic understanding of Korean history, from premodern to modern and contemporary times. As such, researchers of Korean history should take a deeper interest in research methodologies and achievements that utilize historical GIS.

The Intersection between GIScience and History: an Overview of an Emerging Scientific Field

Abstract. Using the methods of Geographic Information Science and Technology (GIS&T) to analyze historical data has been of increasing interest to the scientific community of History in the last two decades. The spatial turn in the Humanities fueled this development and lead to a number of scientific initiatives that utilized GIS&T to store, analyze and visualize historical data accordingly. This article, documenting ongoing work, outlines the scientific developments, main research foci, and past and current research interests of the emerging field of historical GIS from the beginning of the spatial turn in the social sciences to the present day. The article is using a literature review in the fields of Geographic Information Science and History as core methodology. Our main findings are centered around the fact that historical GIS research is spread out over a variety of disciplines and journals. Hence, building a methodological and theoretical core, and forming cohesion in the field has been challenging. Current research trends underpin this trend. Nevertheless, a number of promising research initiatives are pursued at the intersection of GIS&T and History – which documents an intensification of the collaboration between both fields.

Research and application of GIS and data mining technology in monitoring and assessment of natural geography environment

Research and application of GIS and data mining technology in monitoring and assessment of natural geography environment

VecLI: A framework for calculating vector landscape indices considering landscape fragmentation

Currently, raster-based landscape indices (LIs) that measures the landscape pattern of raster-format land-use data, can be easily computed by relevant software (e.g., Fragstats). Unfortunately, open-access software for vector-based LIs often implement a small variety of metrics, which cannot meet the growing demand of the GIS and landscape design research. The common approach often results in a loss of accuracy. Hence, this paper presents the state-of-the-art VecLI framework for computing 217 vector-based LIs. A parcel merging algorithm is proposed to address the impact of landscape fragmentation on vector-based LIs by considering the neighborhood effect. A case study was conduct in Shunde, China. The result shows that 80% of the LIs from VecLI are strongly correlated to Fragstats's LIs. The patch perimeter-related metrics from VecLI portray a more realistic geographical pattern compared to those from Fragstats. Moreover, the VecLI-based software is developed for use by the GIS and landscape design researchers.

Scenario Expression Method for Regional Geological Structures

Knowing the GIS expression of geological phenomena is an important basis for the combination of geology and GIS. Regional geological structures include folds, faults, strata, rocks, and other typical geological phenomena and are the focus of geological GIS research. However, existing research on the GIS expression of regional geological structure focuses on the expression of the spatial and attribute characteristics of geological structures, and our knowledge of the expression of the semantic, relationship, and evolution processes of geological structures is not comprehensive. In this paper, a regional geological structure scene expression model with the semantic terms positional accuracy, geometric shape, relationship type, attribute type, and time-type attributes and operations is proposed. A regional geological structure scenario markup language (RGSSML) and a method for mapping it with graphics are designed to store and graphically express regional geological structure information. According to the geological time scale, a temporal reference coordinate system is defined to dynamically express the evolution of regional geological structures. Based on the dynamic division of the time dimension of regional geological structures, the expression method of “time dimension + space structure” for the regional geological structure evolution process is designed based on the temporal model. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the regional geological structure scene expression method proposed in this paper is verified using the Ningzhen Mountain (Nanjing section) as an example. The research results show that the regional geological structure scene expression method designed in this paper has the following characteristics: (1) It can comprehensively express the spatial characteristics, attribute characteristics, semantics, relationships, and evolution processes of regional geological structures; (2) it can be used to realize formalized expression and unified storage of regional geological information; and (3) it can be used to realize dynamic expression of the regional geological structure evolution process. Moreover, it has significant advantages for the expression of regional geological structure semantics, relationships, and evolution processes. This study improves our knowledge of the GIS expression of regional geological structures and is expected to further promote the combination and development of geology and GIS.

Construction of an old-map framework for promoting historical GIS research and education

Construction of an old-map framework for promoting historical GIS research and education

Retraction Note: Stability of slope rainfall condition based on GIS and nutrition intervention of football training

This paper mainly studies the problems related to the evaluation of high slope intelligent area under rainfall conditions and, through the unified design method, saturation unsaturation theory, marginal equilibrium neural network theory, and GIS, based on Fengjie area, studies the rainfall conditions and the evaluation of high and low slope stability in intelligent area. This paper provides a positive research and practice way for GIS intelligence and is establishing an intelligent regional evaluation system based on GIS platform. As the goal of high slope stability research under rainfall conditions, the intelligent regional evaluation map based on slope stability can become an important basis for Fengjie region to prevent and control global disasters. Although football training is scientific, scientific and reasonable use of nutrition intervention measures can improve the training efficiency of football players, increase the time of athletes to bear the extreme sports load, delay the fatigue of sports, and ultimately improve the performance of athletes. This study is based on the investigation and field test of nutritional intervention of football players and puts forward and proves the practical basis and empirical effect of nutritional supplements in football players. The purpose is to provide an effective basis for supporting football players’ nutritional supplements through targeted case studies. According to the research of GIS, it is applied to the slope rainfall and football training nutrition intervention, which can effectively improve the slope rainfall and football training nutrition intervention.

Research and application of 3D GIS in the visualization and information management of power grid construction projects

The research direction and application scope of transmission line 3D visualization aided design system include design data retrieval of transmission line project, preliminary path selection, feasibility study, and preliminary design. Actively explore the in-depth application of line 3D construction drawing design and digital transfer. Based on the relevant work experience of the author engaged in the application of GIS technology for many years, and taking the application of 3D GIS technology in power grid planning and design as the research object, this paper designs and implements a 3D GIS visualization system for power grid planning and design, decomposes the system function with a case, and analyzes the operation flow of the system in detail, which is believed to be beneficial to colleagues engaged in related work.

Deep Learning Classification of High-Resolution Drone Images Using the ArcGIS Pro Software

Deep learning classification of invasive species using widely-used ArcGIS Pro software and increasingly common drone imagery can aid in identification and management of natural areas. A step-by-step implementation, with associated data for users to access, is presented to make this technology more widely accessible to GIS analysts, researchers, and graduate students working with remotely sensed data in the natural resource field.

A Study on the Efficient Treatment and Management Method of Flood Waste Using GIS

본 연구는 수해폐기물의 효율적 처리 및 관리를 위한 개선방안을 마련하고자 한다. 침수사례지역인청주시를 대상으로 GIS 분석기법을 이용하여 폐기물 처리시설에 대한 공간정보를 구축하고, 기존지침상의 선정 기준을 고려하고 GIS 분석기법을 활용한 입지 선정기법을 이용하여 임시적환장의적절한 위치를 선정한다. 선정된 임시적환장의 위치를 바탕으로 수해폐기물의 매립, 소각, 재활용처리를 위한 운반경로를 도출하고 이를 비교·분석하여 최적의 경로를 제안하고자 한다. 이와 같이GIS 분석기법을 이용하여 수해폐기물 발생량 산정 방법, 임시적환장 부지 선정 방안, 수해폐기물수집/운반을 위한 최적경로 도출 등 연구내용 및 분석결과를 각 지자체별로 적용하여 재해 발생시 투입되는 인력, 인프라, 예산에 대하여 사전에 대비와 폐기물 처리시설, 수해폐기물 수집/운반을위한 경로 확보 등 다양한 부분에서 적극 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 이러한 연구를토대로 수해뿐만 아니라 지진과 같은 다른 환경재난에 따른 폐기물 처리 및 관리 연구가 필요할것으로 판단된다.In this study, that is to try to prepare improvement measures for efficient treatment and management of flood waste. Using the GIS analysis method for the inundation case area of Cheong-Ju City, construct spatial information of the waste treatment facility, consider the selection criteria on the existing guidelines, and use the location selection method that utilizes the GIS analysis method. Then, temporarily select an appropriate location for the waste relay facility. Based on the location of the selected temporary waste transfer facility, that it to derive transportation routes for landfill, incineration, and recycling of flood waste, compare and analyze them, and try to provide the optimum route. In this way, using the GIS analysis method, research contents and analysis results such as calculation method of flood waste generation amount, site selection plan of temporary waste relay facility, derivation of optimum route for collection transportation of flood waste, etc. Applicable to each local government, regarding human resources, infrastructure, budget to be invested in the event of a disaster, in various parts such as preparation in advance, waste treatment facilities, securing routes for collection transportation of flood waste, etc. It is judged that it can be actively utilized.

Measuring Toronto's vital signs – Comparing global and local ideal point analysis in an urban equity case study

Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) offers a unique analytical lens for examining socio-economic indicators within cities. Competing, interrelated criteria are combined to produce a single weighted score for each location or spatial unit. The Toronto Foundation's Vital Signs report provides an annual snapshot of Toronto's quality of life, using ten indicator categories. While the report is published at a city scale, a spatially explicit approach could offer a deeper interpretation of the results. While global MCDA methods can conceal geographic variation, novel local techniques account for spatial heterogeneity in relevant characteristics. In this paper, a localized ideal point method, the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), was applied to the Vital Signs report. The results show more variation and less spatial autocorrelation than the global approach and a simplified representation of the report. GIS researchers are increasingly exploring local MCDA approaches using vector data, but the more complex techniques such as TOPSIS are relatively underdeveloped. This case study aims to fill this conceptual gap and illustrate the applicability of local ideal point analysis in an urban equity context.

Correction to: A study of thermal controls in rapidly developing city using remotely sensed satellite data: spatiotemporal perspective

In the article “A Study of Thermal Controls in Rapidly Developing City Using Remotely Sensed Satellite Data: Spatio-Temporal Perspective” by Mahmood et al. (Journal of Acta Geophysica, advance online publication, January, 2021, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11600-020-00535-9 ) the affiliation of first (Khalid Mahmood) and third (Syeda Yuman Fatima) authors has been wrongly stated, the correct affiliation of both the authors is Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National center for GIS and Space Applications), Department of Space Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.