Emotion Research Research Articles

Emotional Computing and Emotional Measurement Methods based on Intelligent Algorithms of Wireless Network Communication

Emotion has always been a complex psychological and physiological phenomenon of people. In order to solve the problem of emotional calculation and emotional measurement methods, it will make people's research and understanding of emotion more meaningful in the future. This article aims to study the research of emotional computing and emotional measurement methods based on intelligent algorithms for wireless network communication. This paper proposes a modelling algorithm of physiological signal emotion based on random forest and LDA. After extracting the general features and proprietary features of the signal, the random forest algorithm is used to calculate the importance of these features under different labels, and the effective features are selected from all the features according to the order of importance. This article also realizes the process of establishing a complete emotional material database and physiological emotional database. Through multiple steps such as signal screening, material selection, emotion annotation and physiological data collection, the problem of missing physiological emotion database is solved. Experimental data shows that compared with other low-level feature classification, the recognition rate of the fusion method in this paper is 57.37% higher than other algorithms, the recognition rate of other behaviours is increased by 4.35%.

Emotional, Attitude and Classroom Action Research Competency Conduction of Undergraduate Students Through STEM Education

The purposes of this research were: 1) to develop lesson plans for STEM education for undergraduate students with the efficiency of the processing performances and the performance results (E1/E2) at the determining criteria as 75/75, 2) to compare emotional, attitude towards research, and classroom action research competency of undergraduate students before and after implementing STEM education. The sample was one class of the teaching profession program in Chemistry. The experimental group was selected by simple random sampling. The research instrument was lesson plans for STEM education management and practical skill development, a test of research knowledge, a research skill assessment form, an observation form, and a questionnaire. The statistics used were the percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Multivariate Paired Hotelling’s T-Square. The research results showed that 1) the efficiency of the STEM lesson plans for undergraduate students’ processing performances was 87.12 percent, and the performance results were 74.17 percent (87.12/74.17), meeting the set criteria of 75/75, 2) students had emotional, attitude towards research and classroom action research competency conduction after implementing the lesson plans of STEM education was significantly higher than before at the .05 level of statistics.

Emotion Recognition and Context in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Emotion recognition research in autism has provided conflicting results and has ignored the role of context. We examined if autistic adolescents use context to identify displayed and felt emotion. Twenty adolescents with autism and 20 age-matched neurotypical adolescents identified emotions from a standardised set of images. The groups also viewed videos scenes with actors displaying a feigned emotion masking their true feelings. Participants identified the displayed and felt emotions. Both groups identified emotions from static images equally well. In the video condition, the autism group was unable to distinguish between the displayed and felt emotions. Emotion research is often divorced from context. Our findings suggest that autistic individuals have difficulty integrating contextual cues when processing emotions.

Using genetic algorithms to uncover individual differences in how humans represent facial emotion.

Emotional facial expressions critically impact social interactions and cognition. However, emotion research to date has generally relied on the assumption that people represent categorical emotions in the same way, using standardized stimulus sets and overlooking important individual differences. To resolve this problem, we developed and tested a task using genetic algorithms to derive assumption-free, participant-generated emotional expressions. One hundred and five participants generated a subjective representation of happy, angry, fearful and sad faces. Population-level consistency was observed for happy faces, but fearful and sad faces showed a high degree of variability. High test–retest reliability was observed across all emotions. A separate group of 108 individuals accurately identified happy and angry faces from the first study, while fearful and sad faces were commonly misidentified. These findings are an important first step towards understanding individual differences in emotion representation, with the potential to reconceptualize the way we study atypical emotion processing in future research.

Seeing Complexity To Continue to Understand Emotions

Commentary on Michael S. Brady’s book, Emotion: The Basics, indicating that it offers an overview of the field of philosophy of emotions while raising awareness about the intrinsic complexity of the issues in emotion research. This makes it possible to show how emotion research is inevitably tied to specific philosophical assumptions. Three illustrations are discussed that hopefully also testify that, as Brady states, the philosophy of emotion is inevitably tied to the question of what it means to do philosophy.

Scale Development of Non-Smoking Theme Park Visitors’ Emotion and Its Connation

Objectives: To advance consumer emotion research in tourism, it is necessary to develop practical and context-relevant emotion measures. This paper aims to discover the connation of consumer emotion of non-smoking theme park visitors and develops emotion scale and provides theoretical and practical suggestions for theme parks. This paper adopted two studies and combined qualitative and quantitative research methods with Shanghai Disneyland as the research objective. In study one, this paper develops theme parks visitors’ emotion scale based on literature review and three focus group interviews. In study two, this paper verifies the scale based on 215 on-site effective questionnaires. The final emotion scale has four dimensions, love(cared, loved, romantic, happiness and warm-hearted), joy(content, happy, satisfied and joy), surprise(surprise, exciting, indulged and fantastic)and unpleasantness(anger, sad, disappointed and worried). This emotion scale can be used as an effective tool to measure theme park’s visitor emotion since it considers theme park’s character and consumer experience.

Educational Psychology Is Evolving to Accommodate Technology, Multiple Disciplines, and Twenty-First-Century Skills.

This article covers recent research activities in educational psychology that have an interdisciplinary emphasis and that accommodate twenty-first-century skills in addition to the traditional foundations of literacy, numeracy, science, reasoning (problem-solving), and academic subject matter. We emphasize digital technologies because they are capable of tracking learning data in rich detail and reliably delivering interventions that are tailored to individual learners in particular sociocultural contexts. This is a departure from inflexible pedagogical approaches that previously have been routinely adopted in most classrooms and other contexts of instruction with no precise record of learning and instructional activities. A good design of educational technology embraces the principles of learning science, identifies the basic types of learning that are needed, implements relevant technological affordances, and accommodates feedback from different stakeholders. This article covers research in literacy, collaborative problem-solving, motivation, emotion, and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) areas.

“I Feel Like a Guinea Pig”: Emotional Responses to the Online Pivot

This paper reports on the emotional experiences of first year students as they prepared to start their higher education online because of Covid-19 public health precautions. Emotion research holds important insights for the development of pedagogical and institutional strategies to support students adapt to the increased focus on online learning both now and into the future. Students’ responses to a survey embedded at the beginning of an online learning preparatory MOOC were analysed to identify (a) the anticipatory emotions they were experiencing towards online learning, and (b) what they perceived to be the sources of those emotions. Findings revealed that anxiety was the prevailing emotion, although positive emotions, such as excitement and hope, were also reported. A thematic analysis identified seven over-arching sources of those emotions as described by the students. This paper concludes by briefly discussing the implications for educators.

Probing emotional recognition memory: how different response formats affect response behaviour

ABSTRACT Receiver-operating characteristic curves from confidence ratings and remember/know (R/K) judgments are often used to estimate the contribution of familiarity and recollection to recognition memory. Both coming with specific advantages and disadvantages, which could be reduced by their combination. Little is known how the combination of both methods impacts response behaviour. This could be particularly important for emotional memory research, which is susceptible to variation in meta-mnemonic processes. We obtained reference performance indices from the two methods, instructing individuals to give confidence ratings or R/K judgments in one step. Against these, we contrasted R/K judgments in a two-step format and two combined formats, confidence ratings followed by R/K judgments and vice versa. Regarding reference formats, confidence ratings resulted in more liberal response criteria and false alarm rates than R/K judgments. Two-step R/K judgments and confidence ratings followed by R/K judgments resulted in patterns similar to one-step R/K judgments. Reversing the order resulted in more liberal response biases, higher hit and false alarms rates. Recollection and familiarity were unaffected by response formats. Valence effects did not vary with response formats. The present results suggest that confidence ratings followed by R/K judgments provide the advantages of both without biasing response behaviour.

Turning HART into HEART: Human Emotional AI/Robot Teaming

The advancement of technology requires a new teaming dynamic between humans and AI/robots. As emotions and affect are critical in forming human-human relationships, they are also expected to have a significant impact on human-AI/robot team dynamics. However, little research has been conducted on the effects of emotions on this relationship and team performance. In this perspective paper, I propose turning HART (human-AI/robot teaming) into HEART (human-emotional AI/robot teaming) and demonstrate its potential effects. To this end, existing frameworks on emotion research are introduced, followed by a brief literature survey on emotional AI/robot research and its potential applications to HART. Finally, further considerations are discussed. I hope this paper can spark lively discussions on a new legitimate framework, HEART, to more accurately understand and predict human behavior and team performance in HART settings.

New Books across the Disciplines

New Books across the Disciplines

Integrated Theoretical Model of Smoking-Consumer Emotions and Research Outlook

Objectives: Research on smoking-consumer emotions attracts increasing attention. Based on the literature review and analysis, this paper recognizes different definitions, categorizations, measurements of consumer emotions. Then the paper identifies the antecedent variables, moderating variables and outcome variables of consumer emotion and relevant emotion theories to explain the relationship and proposes an integrated theoretical model of consumer emotions. Finally, this paper talks about the future studies of consumer emotions on four aspects. This paper offers insights on the research of smoking-consumer emotions, theoretically and practically.

Can situations awaken emotions? The compilation and evaluation of the Emotional Situation Sentence System (ESSS).

We aimed to establish and evaluate a standardized emotional situation sentence system (ESSS) relevant to the lives of college students to supplement prior literature and adapt to the needs of emotional research. Two studies were designed for this research; study 1 examined the effect of words in the ESSS and study 2 involved the use of pictures. For Study 1, 778 items were selected by 607 college students and 15 experts. We then tested the scale with 80 undergraduate participants. The ESSS sentences were rated on their degree of valence, arousal, and dominance using a 9-point scale. Cronbach's α (greater than 0.986) of the overall score as well as each sub-score in the three components confirmed the scale's reliability. As seen on a scatter plot, the results suggest that negative emotions (fear, disgust, anger, sadness, anxiety) are convergent and different from the distribution of positive (happiness) and neutral emotions. Study 2 included 30 participants to compare the difference in valence and arousal between the ESSS and emotional pictures. The results indicate that the ESSS is a standardized, situational, and ecological emotional contextual text system, well-suited to invoke emotion in college students. The ESSS has significantly better arousal and potency than pictures; moreover, it can be applied to experimental studies of anxiety-related emotions. However, emotion pictures have shorter response times, and wider application ranges, and they can include more cross-cultural characteristics compared to words.

Using Positioning Theory to Study the Role of Emotions in Engineering Problem Solving: Methodological Issues and Recommendations for Future Research

<strong>Background:</strong> Engineering is often portrayed as a purely rational discipline, where emotions are considered irrelevant to problem solving. Also, in-depth research on emotions in engineering education is scarce, and most of the existing studies take their theoretical departure in individual and cognitivist perspectives. There is thus a need for emotion research from social interactionist perspectives—such as positioning theory. <strong>Purpose:</strong> This methodological paper aims to (1) develop an analytical framework for studying emotions through positioning theory and multimodal analysis, (2) illustrate its use in engineering education research, and (3) discuss methodological issues and offer recommendations for this type of research in engineering education. <strong>Method:</strong> To develop the analytical framework, we engaged with philosophical and empirical literature on positioning theory and emotions, as well as empirical data from a pilot study on engineering students’ emotional positioning in individual, video-recorded interviews about a wicked sustainability problem. We illustrate the application of the framework and multimodal analysis using three extracts from that data. In line with positioning theory, the analysis focuses on how emotional moral orders are activated and negotiated. Three units of analysis are used: emotion acts, emotional storylines, and emotional positions. <strong>Results:</strong> The analysis shows how a dominant storyline of engineering as purely rational can be reconstructed, but also how a competing storyline of emotions as important for engineering can be constructed, sometimes simultaneously. These findings disrupt simplified narratives about engineers as unemotional and show that there are multiple ways of engaging with emotions in engineering problem solving. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> We conclude that positioning theory holds much potential for exploring a wide range of social interactional phenomena in engineering education. More research is needed to explore additional types, levels, and orders of emotional positioning to further nuance our understanding of the role of emotions in engineering education.

Customer emotion research in hospitality and tourism: conceptualization, measurements, antecedents and consequences

PurposeTo clarify inconsistencies in the emotion elicitation process and to suggest avenues for advancing emotion research, this study aims to conduct a systematic review of emotion research in the subject area of hospitality and tourism management.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyzes 178 emotion-related articles published in 37 journals from 2004–2019 in the context of hospitality and tourism, providing a systematic synthesis of publication outlets and trajectories, research settings, the conceptualization of emotion, emotion measurement, classifications of antecedents and consequences.FindingsRegarding the elicitation of emotions, many studies ignore the developments in emotion research in the mainstream discipline and still consider external stimuli as the direct causes of emotion. Numerous studies conceptualize customer emotion as positive or negative, which overlooks the nuances between discrete emotions with the same valence. Additionally, emotion scales are largely borrowed from psychology without considering the specific characteristics of the hospitality and tourism context. Methodologically, most studies take a single-measure lens with either a self-report, physiological or expression behavior measure.Research limitations/implicationsThe analysis of the literature highlights three main areas for future emotion studies in the hospitality and tourism context.Originality/valuePrevious reviews are narrative and only address specific areas of interest, rendering them incapable of explaining how a systematic literature identification process was conducted. The present systematic review is among the first to provide an overview of emotion studies in hospitality and tourism over a 15-year period. By drawing insights from appraisal theories of emotions, this review addresses common misunderstandings concerning the emotion elicitation process in the current hospitality and tourism literature.

가구디자인에 관한 감성평가연구 - 접이식 의자를 중심으로 -

This study, which started with the curiosity about the criteria and basis for evaluating the visual design evaluation criteria of users for furniture and the emotional evaluation based on perception, is based on a questionnaire by using a linguistic semantic discrimination technique using emotional evaluation vocabulary It was studied by statistical analysis method. When the study contents based on the analysis result were summarized, the visual design evaluation criteria for the folding chair as the study object were summarized in about six dimensions from users. Among them, four dimensions of the common evaluation criteria appearing in the four models were identified, and the four named factor dimensions were organized into ‘uniqueness’, ‘efficiency’, ‘sensitivity’ and ‘variability’. In addition, as a result of examining the actual evaluation contents of users according to each named dimension, the difference was confirmed by the discrimination and evaluation criteria of the visual design for each model. Therefore, it was possible to confirm the achievements suitable for the purpose of this study, and through these results, it was possible to organize the user’s perception criteria and judgment variables. Based on the research results of this study, it is expected that it will be used as basic data for more advanced emotional research in the future.

A dataset of daily ambulatory psychological and physiological recording for emotion research

To better understand the psychological and physiological basis of human emotion, increasing interest has been drawn towards ambulatory recordings of emotion-related data beyond the laboratories. By employing smartphones-based ambulatory assessment and wrist-worn physiological recording devices, the Daily Ambulatory Psychological and Physiological recording for Emotion Research (DAPPER) dataset provides momentary self-reports and physiological data of people’s emotional experiences in their daily life. The dataset consists of ambulatory psychological recordings from 142 participants and physiological recordings from 88 of them over five days. Both the experience sampling method (ESM) and the day reconstruction method (DRM) were employed to have a comprehensive description of the participants’ daily emotional experiences. Heart rate, galvanic skin response, and three-axis acceleration were recorded during the day time. By including multiple types of physiological and self-report data at a scale of five days with 100+ participants, the present dataset is expected to promote emotion researches in real-life, daily settings.

Situated emotion and its constructive role in collaborative design: A mixed-method study of experienced designers

The process of design involves rich emotional experiences from resolving team conflict to breaking impasses to discovering creative insight. To explore emotion in designing we present a mixed-method study of experienced designers. Situated emotion is assessed by triangulating speech acoustics, electrodermal activity, and semantics with contextual inquiry of video data and retrospective self-reporting. We show the value of triangulating multimodal data in dealing with discrepancies amongst different measures. We present results to show how situated emotion mediates design work using multi-level model analysis. To conclude, we discuss how emotion relates to design ability and the role of emotion in designing. Finally, we reflect on the methodological approach we have taken and indicate directions for future emotion research in the process of design.

How Many Emotions Does Film Studies Need?

A look at current emotion research in film studies, a field that has been thriving for over three decades, reveals three limitations: (1) Film scholars concentrate strongly on a restricted set of garden-variety emotions—some emotions are therefore neglected. (2) Their understanding of standard emotions is often too monolithic—some subtypes of these emotions are consequently overlooked. (3) The range of existing emotion terms does not seem fine-grained enough to cover the wide range of affective experiences viewers undergo when watching films—a number of emotions might thus be missed. Against this background, the article proposes at least four benefits of introducing a more granular emotion lexicon in film studies. As a remedy, the article suggests paying closer attention to the subjective-experience component of emotions. Here the descriptive method of phenomenology—including its particular subfield phenomenology of emotions—might have useful things to tell film scholars.

The importance of socio‐emotional considerations in online communities, social informatics, and information science

AbstractAlongside cognitive and social phenomena, many scholars have examined emotional and affective considerations in information science, but a potential emotional or affective paradigm has not coalesced to the extent of the social or cognitive paradigms. We argue information science research should integrate the social paradigm, as offered by social informatics, with affective and emotional considerations: a socio‐emotional paradigm. A review of existing literature and findings from users' motivations to participate on the Academia section of the Stack Exchange social questioning‐and‐answering site make our case. We uncovered tensions between the intended information‐centric focus of the community and users who believed social, emotional, and affective considerations needed to be foregrounded, speaking to online communities acting as boundary objects, with the “fit” for one user or community not always the same as for another. An integrated socio‐emotional paradigm shows much strength for social informatics and information science research, including uncovering hidden concerns and differences in values, as in our study. Affective and emotional research, often bubbling under in information science, should rise to the surface is not so much a paradigm shift but an integration of social, emotional, and affective considerations into a socio‐emotional paradigm.