Growth Of Research Research Articles

VISUAL ANALYSIS OF LOCAL EARTHQUAKE IN NORTH TAPANULI BASED ON DATA SCIENCE

Earthquakes are natural phenomena that occur when the Earth's tectonic plates move and release energy. Big Data's emergent epistemological and research paradigms, as well as data science, an increasingly integrated field of data research, are opening up new opportunities. Visualizing earthquake data is all about understanding earthquake characteristics such as size, location and depth. The result show that September was the quietest month in terms of earthquakes, and in this graph we can see the number of earthquakes for each month in 2022. The month of October is the one that has the highest number of earthquakes. We can see the average depth and magnitude of each year on the bubble chart. In addition, the size and color of the bubbles indicate the number of earthquakes that month. In general, most of the earthquakes occurred in the shallow earthquake range and the 1.8-3.85 magnitude range.

Appearance-based rejection sensitivity mediates the relationship between Instagram addiction and dysmorphic concerns in young adult women.

Dysmorphic concerns refer to excessive preoccupations with one's physical characteristics. There is a need to better understand the factors associated with these experiences, especially in young adult women. Given emergent research suggesting a link between the use of Instagram, dysmorphic concerns, and appearance pressures, we tested a mediation model in which appearance-based rejection sensitivity mediated the relationship between Instagram addiction and dysmorphic concerns. In this cross-sectional study, 300 young adult women from Romania with mean age of 22.19 years (SD = 2.07) and who possessed an Instagram account were asked to complete an online survey consisting of measures of dysmorphic concerns, Instagram addiction, and appearance-based rejection sensitivity. Correlational analyses revealed that all three variables were positively and moderately inter-correlated. Mediation analysis supported the hypothesis that appearance-based rejection sensitivity mediates the relationship between Instagram addiction and dysmorphic concerns. Implications of this study are discussed in terms of the urgency of prevention and intervention strategies, especially given the link between dysmorphic concerns and more extreme manifestations of severity, such as body dysmorphic disorder.

Nitrous oxide use in Canadian pediatric emergency departments: a survey of physician's knowledge, attitudes, and practices.

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an inhaled analgesic/ anxiolytic gas with evidence supporting its safety and efficacy for distressing procedures in children. Despite this, its use is not consistent across Canadian pediatric emergency departments (EDs). We aimed to characterize a) physicians' knowledge and practices with N2O and b) site-specific N2O protocols in Canadian pediatric EDs to help optimize its use nationally. This cross-sectional survey was distributed to physician members of Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) in early 2021. Survey items addressed practice patterns, clinician comfort, and perceived barriers/ facilitators to use. Further, a representative from each ED completed a site-specific inventory of N2O policies and procedures. N2O was available in 40.0% of 15 pediatric EDs, with 83.3% of these sites having written policies in place. Of 230 distributed surveys, 67.8% were completed with mean (SD) attending experience of 14.7 (8.6) years and 70.1% having pediatric emergency subspecialty training. Of the 156 respondents, 48.7% used N2O in their clinical practice. The most common indications for use were digit fracture/ dislocation reduction (69.7%), wound closure (60.5%), and incision & drainage (59.2%). Commonly perceived facilitators were N2O equipment availability (73.0% of 156) and previous clinical experience (71.7% of 156). Of the 51.3% of physicians who reported not using N2O, 93.7% did not have availability at their site; importantly, the majority indicated a desire to acquire access. They identified concerns about ventilation/ scavenging systems (71.2% of 80) and unfamiliarity with equipment (52.5% of 80) as the most common barriers to use. Despite evidence to support its use, only half of Canadian pediatric ED physicians surveyed use N2O in their clinical practice for treating procedure-related pain and distress. Increased availability of N2O equipment, protocols, and training may improve clinicians' abilities to better manage pediatric acute pain and distress in the ED.

Randomized feasibility trial of remote ischemic conditioning to enhance resuscitation (RICE)

RationaleRestoration of blood flow after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is associated with inflammation that causes cellular injury. The extent of this reperfusion injury (RI) is associated with the duration of ischemia and adequacy of resuscitation. Remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) consists of repeated application of non-lethal ischemia then reperfusion to a limb distal to the heart by inflating a blood pressure (BP) cuff. Trials in animal models in cardiac arrest and in humans with acute infarction show RIC reduces RI. ObjectiveWe sought to demonstrate the feasibility and safety of RIC in patients resuscitated from OHCA and transported to hospital. MethodsThis study was conducted under exception from informed consent (EFIC) for emergency research. Eligible subjects were randomized with masked allocation to control (standard care) versus intervention (standard care and RIC). Included were adults with non-traumatic OHCA. The primary outcome was attrition, the proportion of patients enrolled and not on allocated therapy for the study duration. Key secondary outcomes were survival to discharge, neurologic status at discharge, hospital-free survival, and adverse events. Results were summarized descriptively as recommended for pilot studies. ResultsN = 30 patients were enrolled (n = 14 control, n = 16 intervention). Mean age of enrolled patients was 52.5 ± 16.2 years. Eight (27%) were female gender and 7 (23%) had a shockable first recorded rhythm. 100% of enrolled patients completed their allocated study intervention (i.e., 0% attrition). The RIC group had 7 (44%) survival to discharge and median Rankin score of 6 (IQR 1, 6) at discharge as compared to the standard care group which had 6 (43%) survival to discharge and median Rankin score of 6 (IQR 1.5, 6) at discharge. A single patient (6%) in the intervention group had transient occlusion of their upper extremity intravenous line, which immediately resolved on repositioning of the blood pressure cuff. ConclusionApplication of RIC to patients resuscitated from CA and transported to an ED is feasible and safe. An adequately powered trial is required to assess whether RIC is effective at decreasing morbidity and mortality after CA.

Coupling dynamics of dissipative localized structures: From polarized vector solitons to soliton molecules

Dissipative solitons are well known as representative nonlinear localized wave packets resulting from the composite balance of dispersion, nonlinearity, gain and loss in optical cavities. Since the last three decades, dissipative solitons keep as one of the most active research topics in the framework of nonlinear physics, not only for fundamental researches but also for various industrial applications. From one hand, due to the rich nonlinear dynamics, dissipative solitons have been considered as an ideal testbed to study the pumping-dissipation-bifurcation complexities. On the other hand, the emergences of dissipative solitons are tightly linked with the emission of ultrashort laser pulses, as well as the formation of broadband optical frequency combs. Compared with single-soliton counterpart, the multi-component dissipative solitons have exhibited even more fascinating properties and much wider range of applications, therefore the coupling dynamics of dissipative solitons is the blooming and emergent research area in the last decade. From this point of view, this review article covers the latest developments of compound dissipative solitons, not only in passive Kerr resonators, but also in mode-locked laser cavities. Ranging from polarized vector solitons to soliton molecules, the rising degree of freedom of these multi-component localized structures is boosting the discovery of novel nonlinear dynamics and underpin the various photonic applications in light science.

Beyond data labor: sowing synthesis science in the Global South

Synthesis science is an emergent research field for harmonizing different data, concepts, and theories to create new insights and endorse novel approaches. Here we provide a brief general overview of synthesis science, emphasize the geographically biased location of synthesis centers一particularly their paucity in the Global South一and highlight the pioneering role of the Synthesis Center on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (SinBiose, CNPq) concerning transdisciplinary aspirations in the Global South. Working with the ecosystem service dimension requires breaking discipline boundaries to approach society, stakeholders, and decision-makers, which SinBiose fosters and is rarely found elsewhere. This article features a “Brazilian experience” of synthesis science through the perception of SinBiose’s postdoctoral researchers, which have a central role in the workflow as the only professionals dedicated exclusively to the projects. As a conclusion, we present recommendations for improving the support for postdoctoral researchers and arguments for a continued funding of synthesis science in Brazil.

The First 5-year Integrated Doctoral Program Exploring the Frontiers of Pharmaceutical Sciences

To empower the next generation of students to become leaders that play active roles in various fields in society, research universities must offer attractive and meaningful doctor of philosophy (PhD) programs in their graduate schools. The Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, at Kyoto University has trained a large number of researchers who are leading drug discovery science and clinical pharmacy in academia as well as in the pharmaceutical industry, in medical organization and in government. However, due to changes in the trends of students and the evolving skill requirements of future PhD holders to handle the challenges of a changing society, it is necessary to revise the curriculum of our graduate school. Thus, we will reform the graduate and undergraduate school programs by implementing a so-called late specialization program and a double mentoring system and aim to nurture emergent researchers who will explore uncharted areas in pharmaceutical sciences. Toward this goal, we established the Division of Medical Frontier Sciences in April 2022 to replace the former Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics. This program is Japan's first five-year integrated doctoral course in the field of pharmaceutical sciences. In this review, I will introduce the background leading to its development construction and provide an overview of the characteristics of this five-year integrated doctoral program.

Assessment of Burn Severity and Monitoring of the Wildfire Recovery Process in Mongolia

Due to the intensification of climate change around the world, the incidence of natural disasters is increasing year by year, and monitoring, forecasting, and detecting evolution using satellite imaging technology are important methods for remote sensing. This study aimed to monitor the occurrence of fire disasters using Sentinel-2 satellite imaging technology to determine the burned-severity area via classification and to study the recovery process to observe extraordinary natural phenomena. The study area that was sampled was in the southeastern part of Mongolia, where most wildfires occur each year, near the Shiliin Bogd Mountain in the natural steppe zone and in the Bayan-Uul sub-province in the forest-steppe natural zone. The normalized burn ratio (NBR) method was used to map the area of the fire site and determine the classification of the burned area. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used to determine the recovery process in a timely series in the summer from April to October. The results of the burn severity were demonstrated in the distribution maps from the satellite images, where it can be seen that the total burned area of the steppe natural zone was 1164.27 km2, of which 757.34 km2 (65.00 percent) was classified as low, 404.57 km2 (34.70 percent) was moderate-low, and the remaining 2.36 km2 (0.30 percent) was moderate-high, and the total burned area of the forest-steppe natural zone was 588.35 km2, of which 158.75 km2 (26.98 percent) was classified as low, 297.75 km2 (50.61 percent) was moderate-low, 131.25 km2 (22.31 percent) was moderate-high, and the remaining 0.60 km2 (0.10 percent) was high. Finally, we believe that this research is most helpful for emergency workers, researchers, and environmental specialists.

78 Nitrous Oxide Use for Children Experiencing Painful Procedures: A Survey of Canadian Paediatric Emergency Physicians’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices

Abstract Background Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an inhaled analgesic/anxiolytic gas with ample evidence supporting its safety and efficacy in children. However, its prevalence of use remains low, while its indications in paediatric emergency departments (EDs) across Canada remain unknown. Optimization of safe and appropriate of N2O use in this setting requires an understanding of paediatric emergency providers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns surrounding its use. Objectives We aimed to characterize physicians’ perceptions and current site-specific processes and procedures surrounding N2O use to understand differences between current evidence and clinical practice and standardize care for children undergoing distressing procedures. Design/Methods This cross-sectional survey was distributed electronically to all physician members of Paediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC) from February to April 2021. Survey items pertained to N2O availability, comfort with N2O use, and perceived barriers/facilitators to its use. Further, a PERC representative from each site completed a site-specific inventory of N2O policies and procedures. Results Response rate was 67.8% (156/230), with 53.2% (83/156) women; 66.6% (104/156) had paediatric emergency subspecialty training, and mean clinical experience was 14.7 years (SD 8.6). 40.0% (6/15) of sites had N2O available in the ED, and 83.3% (5/6) of these institutions had written policies and/or procedures in place for N2O use in the ED. Overall, 48.7% (76/156) of physicians reported using N2O in their clinical practice. The most common indications for use were fracture/dislocation reduction (69.7%, 53/76), wound closure (60.5%, 46/76), and incision and drainage (59.2%, 45/76). The most common perceived barriers to N2O included concerns about ventilation/scavenging systems (71.2%, 57/80) and unfamiliarity with equipment (52.5%, 42/80). The most common perceived facilitators were N2O availability in the ED (73.0%, 114/156) and clinical experience with N2O (71.7%, 112/156). Of the 51.3% (80/156) physicians who reported not using N2O, 93.7% (75/80) did not have access available at their site; notably, 77.3% (58/75) indicated a desire to have access to N2O. Conclusion Despite evidence to support its use, only half of paediatric emergency physicians in Canada currently use N2O as a tool for treating children’s procedure-related pain and distress. Increasing availability of necessary equipment, protocols, and clinical training surrounding N2O use in children may improve clinicians’ abilities to better manage children’s acute pain and distress in the ED, and other clinical contexts.

Differentiated policy implementation in the European Union

This special issue analyses the patterns, causes and consequences of Differentiated Policy Implementation (DPI) in the European Union (EU). DPI is an umbrella term for the diversity in the presence and use of discretion during legal and practical policy implementation processes and outcomes in the EU. The emergent DPI research agenda emphasises differentiation in EU policy implementation beyond mere legal compliance, which is more widespread, and its role in the broader political and policy processes of EU multilevel governance. The contributions highlight anticipated implementation as one dimension of DPI, as well as legal and practical implementation. DPI serves as an alternative to differentiated integration (DI), accommodating heterogeneous national preferences, capacities and conditions, and feeding back into EU policy-making. The impact of DPI on the EU’s output legitimacy and effectiveness depends on scope conditions that require more scholarly attention.

Adaptations to a statewide walking program: Use of iterative feedback cycles between research and delivery systems improves fit for over 10 years.

FitEx is an 8-week, group-based physical activity and fruit and vegetable consumption program co-created and implemented with the Cooperative Extension System. Effectiveness and delivery personnel perceptions of the program are promising; however, ongoing adaptations are required to continuously meet shifting needs of both researchers and delivery systems. We applied the APDER iterative cycles of implementation over 15 years to understand dynamic and ongoing adaptations as well as implications for FitEx sustainability. Each year, an IRPP between delivery (FitEx deliverers) and research (FitEx developers) systems shared feedback on program core elements and strategies for adaptation through regular team meetings, emails, and evaluations. While the core elements (delivering to groups, goal setting, feedback, and self-monitoring) of FitEx remained consistent, changes were made to address logistical factors, emergent research questions, and technological advancements. For example, program deliverers suggested decreasing training time and making program content available on demand rather than through traditional in-person training. Using APDER with a long-standing IRPP allowed the delivery system to provide feedback to program developers to co-create ongoing adaptations and data-driven decisions. Future work in response to shifting needs includes Fitbit integration and technological updates to the usability of the FitEx platform. Our aim is to report the 15+ years of applying the Assess, Plan, Do, Evaluate, Report (APDER) process with an integrated research-practice partnership (IRPP) for co-creation of ongoing adaptations of FitEx and to share methods for capturing relevant data for decision-making to integrate health promotion programs in community settings.

Household water insecurity experiences and their perceived determinants in a low-income community of Cartagena, Colombia, during a water service expansion project

Traditional water indicators primarily focus on water quantity and quality, but emergent research demonstrates that measurement of lived experiences with water availability, accessibility, and use is important for understanding how household water insecurity impacts health and well-being. Few empirical studies have explored which household water insecurity experiences are most salient, or their potential causes, in Latin American cities. We analyzed data from 266 households in a low-income settlement of Cartagena, Colombia, to identify correlates and perceived determinants of water insecurity. The most prevalent household water insecurity experiences were water supply interruptions (96%), water worry (94%), and anger about the water situation (90%). Unexpected water interruptions and use of non-piped primary drinking water sources were associated with greater household water insecurity scores, water worry subscores, and hygiene subscores. Respondents perceived water issues in their community to be caused by deficiencies in gray infrastructure (49%), which included deficiencies in water distribution, treatment, or storage technologies. Social infrastructure (36%), including issues with political, economic, or administrative systems, was also cited as a barrier to water security. We did not detect significant relationships between water insecurity scores and the attribution of these problems to gray or social infrastructure, but there may be relationships between these factors and duration of residency and using a non-piped water source. These findings underscore the importance of socio-political factors and community engagement for improving urban water insecurity through slum-upgrade projects.

Exploring emergent collaborations for digital transformation in local governments: The engagement of public libraries in the development of smart cities

Collaboration is increasingly perceived as essential for digital transformation in the public sector. Transforming services and internal operations through the use of information and communication technologies frequently requires the engagement of multiple stakeholders beyond government agencies. This is particularly important in the specific case of smart city initiatives, which intend to leverage technologies to address complex socio-economic and sustainability challenges in local jurisdictions. In addition, emergent research asserts that community organizations such as public libraries can be strategic partners in these multi-actor efforts but does not adequately assess the determinants of these collaborations for developing smart cities, which may result in significant digital transformation at the local level. Based on public management literature on collaboration, this article contributes to digital transformation research by quantitively testing the antecedents of existing collaborations between public libraries and other stakeholders to develop smart cities. Overall, our findings suggest that leadership, preexisting relationships, and agreement on initial aims significantly impact the extent and effectiveness of public libraries' collaborations in developing smart cities.

Mapping the Landscape of Artificial Intelligence Research: A Bibliometric Approach

This research study employs a comprehensive bibliometric approach, enhanced by the utilization of VOS viewer, to map the expansive landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) research. Through the meticulous collection, pre-processing, and analysis of a diverse dataset, this study uncovers the multifaceted dimensions that define AI research. The analysis encompasses publication trends, authorship dynamics, citation patterns, and emergent research themes. The integration of VOS viewer’s visualization capabilities enriches the exploration by offering intuitive representations of collaboration networks, citation maps, and thematic clusters. The results highlight the growth trajectory of AI research, the collaborative networks among researchers and institutions, the influence of seminal works, and the emergence of thematic trends. Moreover, the study contextualizes the findings, discussing their implications for interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical considerations, and the societal impact of AI research. Ultimately, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of AI research dynamics, guiding future exploration, collaboration, and innovation within this rapidly evolving domain.

Inclusion in Public-Sector Workplaces: Charting a Path for Theory and Practice

In the current context of public-sector workplaces, there is a more concerted effort to address identity and equity through greater inclusion. The aim of the special issue is to present emergent empirical research assessing organizational attributes, policy, and practice for achieving improved workplace inclusion and individual perceptions of inclusive public-sector workplaces. This special issue highlights studies that advance innovative methodologies to address emergent research questions related to understanding, implementing, and assessing inclusive cultures and perceptions of inclusion. The collection of articles advances the understanding and theories of inclusive practices, policies, and organizational attributes. The authors go beyond the rhetoric of inclusion to parse out how inclusion is defined and operationalized in organizations, the impact of inclusive initiatives, and areas of identity that need to be explicitly included. This research provides a pathway for intentionally making the case for inclusion, not just acknowledgment of diversity.

The Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN): five years of collaboration

In 2018, a group of Irish emergency medicine (EM) trainees recognised their common interest in collaborative research and the difficulties that trainees can encounter when trying to broaden their research capacity, prompting the beginning of the Irish Trainee Emergency Research Network (ITERN) journey. Trainee-led collaboratives have been shown to be feasible and have the potential to deliver impactful research projects, generating an evidence base that may not have been possible without collaboration. This article describes the successes and achievement of ITERN and describes the processes and challenges that a trainee-led research network can encounter. The authors believe that trainee-led collaboratives can deliver powerful and impactful research for patients and broaden the research capacity of individuals, hospitals, and groups of healthcare professionals.

Experiences of Parents of Pre-Adolescents Coping with Online Learning, Socialization and Navigating Critical Media Literacy

COVID-19 school closures necessitated shifts in how students engaged in learning and connected socially. For pre-adolescents and their families, these closures added urgency to an already identified challenge for parents trying to navigate their children’s engagement with digital platforms. Researchers utilized interviews to explore parent and child experiences related to online learning and behavior. Online workshops provided parents with critical media literacy (CML) knowledge and skills for navigating media texts and platforms. This paper employed emergent design-based research methodology and interpretive qualitative case-study methods. Data from interviews, recordings, and field notes were analyzed thematically. The analyses identified that parents noted increased time spent online by their children due to COVID-19 lockdowns. They also highlighted concerns for child safety, issues connected to CML, acknowledgment of the benefit of a support community amongst parents, and parent-child conversations about online actions. This study affirmed the need for parent support regarding CML and digital tools in educational and social online environments and provided suggestions for ways to promote this type of support.

From Media Systems to Digital Journalisms: An Introduction to the Special Issue

Nearly half a century since the first calls for comparisons of national-level media-political relations, comparative studies of media systems – and even more so of digital journalism – are still an emergent research field. In this introduction to the special issue ‘Comparing Digital Journalisms across Nations and Cultures’, we draw links between media systems and digital journalism(s) in comparative studies. First, we suggest a ‘systemic turn’ in media systems studies, with various branches of systems theory applied to media studies in a sound way; directing comparative studies to seeking systemic stability of journalism along with assessing its democratic performance; dealing more with contexts; and finding new criteria for cross-country comparisons. Second, we argue that, for digital journalisms as multi-level research objects, the systemic perspective intertwines with the epistemic one of truth-seeking and cultures of media professionalism. Third, we show how this logic is supported by the articles in the special issue which assess the impact of de-industrialization upon media performance and compare journalistic roles across nations and media segments. They also draw attention to audience as a major new comparative criterion, rethink nation-state as the level of analysis, and highlight risk as a new dimension of comparing digital journalism(s).

Untethered Magnetic Soft Robot with Ultra-Flexible Wirelessly Rechargeable Micro-Supercapacitor as an Onboard Power Source.

Soft robotics has developed rapidly in recent years as an emergent research topic, offering new avenues for various industrial and biomedical settings. Despite these advancements, its applicability is limited to locomotion and actuation due to the lack of an adequate charge storage system that can support the robot's sensory system in challenging conditions. Herein, an ultra-flexible, lightweight (≈50 milligrams), and wirelessly rechargeable micro-supercapacitor as an onboard power source for miniaturized soft robots, capable of powering a range of sensory is proposed. The simple and scalable direct laser combustion technique is utilized to fabricate the robust graphene-like carbon micro-supercapacitor (GLC-MSC) electrode. The GLC-MSC demonstrates superior areal capacitance (8.76mFcm-2 ), and maintains its original capacitance even under extreme actuation frequency (1-30Hz). As proof of conceptthe authors fabricate a fully integrated magnetic-soft robotthat shows outstanding locomotion aptitude and charged wirelessly (up to 2.4V within 25s), making it an ideal onboard power source for soft robotics.

The specialized competency framework for industry pharmacists (SCF-IP): validation and pilot assessment

ObjectivesThis study aimed to validate a specialized competency framework for industry pharmacists and assess correlates related to the competency domains in a pilot sample.MethodsA team of experts assessed the old framework and improved its content validity after a thorough literature review, using the Delphi technique. Domains and their respective competencies and behaviors were re-defined in the framework. Afterward, a web-based cross-sectional study was carried out between March and October 2022, enrolling a convenient sample of ten industry pharmacists who worked in Lebanese pharmaceutical plants. Participants were contacted through the Syndicate of the Pharmaceutical Industries in Lebanon.ResultsThe specialized competency framework for Lebanese industry pharmacists comprised seven domains. Behavioral items had appropriate loading on their respective factors, which could involve one, two or three competencies. Cronbach alpha values for all domains were close to one, showing appropriate reliability. Each domain was correlated with at least another one, except for domains related to pharmaceutical and industrial development and emergency preparedness, which were not correlated with other domains. The lowest confidence was found in the research and development domain, particularly among participants with only a PharmD.ConclusionsThis study validated the specialized competency framework for Lebanese industry pharmacists. Some domains, specifically those related to industrial development and emergency preparedness, were found to diverge from others. Therefore, it would be recommended to include additional education in the emergency preparedness, research and development fields and to integrate industry-specific skills, courses, and training programs into academic curricula. Furthermore, specialized postgraduate degrees may be necessary to produce practice-ready pharmacists to operate effectively in this vital setting.