Republic Of Sakha Research Articles

Оказание скорой специализированной медицинской помощи и проведение медицинской эвакуации с использованием санитарной авиации в Республике Саха (Якутия) в условиях пандемии Covid-19

Summary. The aim of the study is to investigate the peculiarities of sanitary aviation work in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and research methods. The subject of the study is the work of the Disaster Medicine Service of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia); the object of the study is the volume and structure of sanitary tasks performed during the spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Research methods were analytical methods, methods of expert evaluation and mathematical analysis. Results of the study and their analysis. A comparative analysis of the main performance indicators of the Republican Center for Disaster Medicine of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2020-2022 is presented. The results of the study indicate that during the spread of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 the air ambulance service of the Republic worked with increased workload. Under the conditions of COVID-19 pandemic, emergency medical care and medical evacuation of not only patients with severe form of new coronavirus infection, but also of patients with other nosologic forms of diseases requiring emergency medical intervention were provided. The conclusion about the acute urgency of using sanitary aviation in vast sparsely populated areas of other regions is made.

Species Diversity in Larch Forests of Amur Oblast and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Species Diversity in Larch Forests of Amur Oblast and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The embodiment of the image of the People's Artist of the USSR Anegina Ilyina in Yakut fine arts and literature

The article is devoted to the embodiment of the image of the Yakut opera singer, People's Artist of the USSR Anegina Ilyina in the Yakuts visual arts and literature. For the first time, this article discusses issues related to the disclosure of the theme of an outstanding contemporary woman - famous figure of musical art as a carrier of creativity. The subject of the study is the image of a talented Yakut vocalist captured in the best works of fine art (L.M. Neofitoff, V.R. Vasilyeff, A.N. Ossipoff, L.D. Sleptsova) and literature (Semen Daniloff, E. Neimokhoff, I. Gogoleff, L. Popoff P. Kharitonoff). The object of the study is the work of Yakut artists and writers of the second half of the 20 - 21 centuries. For the first time, the article explores a previously unexplored aspect of their work. The descriptive, comparative, iconographic, historical-biographical methods are applied, which allow us to reveal the topic most effectively. This image presents the ideas of female beauty and natural talent inherent in the national consciousness of the people, which indicates that in the 1960-1980 in the perception of the Yakut society traditional ideas based on the mythology and folklore of Sakha were quite strong and stable. Thanks to her natural talent, studying in the class of the People's Artist of the USSR, professor of the Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory N.L Dorliak A.E. Ilyina was able to take place as an outstanding master of Russian academic vocal performance and herself as a creative personality had a great influence on the creative inspiration of many writers, artists and the development of Yakut art in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) in the second half of 20 centuries. This article is the first experience in studying of this scientific problem.

Rare Plant of Central Yakutia Polygala sibirica L.: Phytochemical Profile and In Vitro Morphogenic Culture

Polygala sibirica L. is a rare and endangered plant species that is listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) under category “3 c” as a species with a narrow ecological limitation to limestone rock outcrops. For the first time, the phytochemical profile of the above-ground phytomass of P. sibirica growing in Central Yakutia was studied, and in vitro culture induction was performed. Using HPLC-MS/MS and tandem mass spectrometry methods, 74 compounds were allegedly identified in methanol extracts of the above-ground phytomass of the P. sibirica, of which 40 compounds were identified for the first time within the genus Polygala L., including 22 polyphenolic compounds: flavones (isoformononetin, syringetin, apigenin 7-O-glucoside, etc.), flavonols (herbacetin, myricetin, etc.), flavan-3-ols (afselequin, epicatechin, etc.), flavanones (hesperitin, eriocitrin), phenolic acid, and anthocyanins. A primary callus culture of P. sibirica was based on leaf explants of intact plants with the study of the dynamics of growth of raw and dried cell biomass. On the basis of callus tissue, indirect morphogenesis with abundant shoot formation is initiated. Thus, the basis has been laid for the subsequent propagation of the rare plant P. sibirica for the purpose of reintroduction in the conditions of the Yakut Botanical Garden.

Digital Transformation in Education: social well-being and adaptation strategies (on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia))

Digitalization creates a new quality of life, new opportunities and new risks for society, prerequisites for a radical transformation of social systems, new challenges and a new digital inequality. And one of the key sectors of the social sphere, which is directly influenced by the introduction of digital technologies, is the field of education. This article presents the results of a sociological study "The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and big challenges: social well-being, mobility and adaptation strategies" conducted in 2021-2023 in Yakutia. Special attention is paid to the impact of digitalization of education and the introduction of distance learning formats on the social well-being of the region's population. The study captures the main contradictions that arose during the emergency transfer of the educational process to a remote form of work, local material shows the emerging social contradictions that are formed under the influence of objective differentiation between urban and rural territories. A mass sociological survey was conducted in five socio-economic zones of Yakutia: using a complex of field work: face-to-face, online survey, and a survey involving "public correspondents". The study used a multi-stage quota sample of respondents, the sample totaled 1,320 respondents. Among the most tangible consequences of the pandemic, respondents noted an increased level of stress, psychological tension, increased time spent on social networks and on the Internet in general, an increase in financial burden and expenses. Problems related to the implementation of remote work and study, 26.8% of respondents attributed to one of the most tangible consequences of the pandemic.The majority of respondents expressed satisfaction with the state, quality and accessibility of education, about half of the respondents are more or less dissatisfied with the quality of Internet connection in their place of residence. The main determinants of the digital divide between urban and rural areas and the growth of educational inequality are the uneven material and technical equipment and the introduction of digital educational resources, as well as the availability and quality of telecommunications services.

The head of Defense of the Okhotsk district of the Siberian Volunteer Squad is Captain Boris Mikhailovich Mikhailovsky

The article is devoted to the military biography of the participant of the First World War, the civil war in Siberia, the governor of the Tomsk province during the reign of Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak, the organizer of the Yakut campaign and the chief of defense of the Okhotsk district of the Siberian Volunteer squad, Captain Boris Mikhailovich Mikhailovsky, whose biography is currently incomplete and focuses on the events when B. M. Mikhailovsky held the position of manager The province. Meanwhile, all that is known about B. M. Mikhailovsky as the chief of defense of the Okhotsk district of the Siberian Volunteer squad is that he disobeyed the order of the commander of the squad A. N. Pepelyaev on the transfer of civil power to representatives in Okhotsk and usurped power in the Okhotsk region. The work was carried out in compliance with the basic scientific principles of objectivity, historicism and multifactoriality. Within the framework of the problems of intellectual history, it is considered justified to apply an approach based on microhistoric analysis. The author pays special attention to the period of Mikhailovsky's participation in the organization and implementation of Lieutenant General Pepelyaev's campaign in Yakutia, as a poorly illuminated area in the biography of a white officer. Documents from the National Archive of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are introduced into scientific circulation, which contain orders, proclamations, letters from participants in the events of 1922-1923. Special attention is paid to the situation of the city of Okhotsk during the civil war in Yakutia, the cold confrontation between Mikhailovsky, as a representative of the Siberian Volunteer Squad and the Provisional Yakut Regional People's Government. The author concludes that Captain Mikhailovsky was not the last officer in the Civil War and the Yakut campaign, and played an important role in the events under consideration. This work is important for a comprehensive and objective coverage of the events of the civil war in Russia, filling in the white spots in the biography of Mikhailovsky, who is widely known as the governor of the Tomsk province during the Kolchak government, but remains unknown during the years of the campaign of the squad in Yakutia, one of the organizers of which he was. In addition, this work allows you to get to know Lieutenant General Pepelyaev's entourage better through studying his associates. The article is a continuation of the study of the biography of the command staff of the Siberian Volunteer squad.

Северный завоз как триггер развития транспорта Арк­тической зоны Якутии и Дальнего Востока в целом

The paper analyzes the scheme for organizing the northern delivery of goods to Yakutia, identifies the main problems of the development of regional transport infrastructure, and proves that the northern delivery improvement by the development of water transport will allow the formation of a railway — river transport corridor (Skovorodino — Yakutsk — Tiksi). The Yakutsk transit meridian railway-river corridor will solve many logistical problems of northern delivery by redirecting part of the cargo from the Northern Sea Route to the south of the region and backwards. As a result, the spatial configuration of the transport network of the Sakha Republic will be able to “complete” the transport infrastructure of the Far Eastern Federal District by integrating the Yakutsk railway and river corridor as a western segment into the structure of the promising Great Far Eastern Transport Ring. The measure will expand significantly the prospects for the development of Yakutia and the Far East as a whole, and the logistics potential of the emerging transport ring in the future will complement favorably the Northern Sea Route, reducing the total distance of cargo delivery by 3—3.5 thousand km.

YAKUT TELEVISION IN USSR: FACTORS OF FORMATION, INFRASTRUCTURE, INFORMATION POLICY

The article considers the process of organization and development of television in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in USSR from the establishment of the fi rst TV studio to the collapse of the USSR (1961-1991). It is the fi rst attempt to describe the factors of the appearance of television, the organization of infrastructure and activities of a television studio in the national republic in the conditions of party-state policy. The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions, stages, features of the organization and development of Yakut television. Also we have a goal to determine the content and forms of information policy implementation in the Soviet period. To achieve the goal, empirical research methods were used: analysis of archival documents, statistical and literary sources, periodical materials.Basing on archival documents, we identifi ed three stages of technological development of regional television: the 1960s - material and technical base establishment, training, mastering television genres, techniques and technologies of live broadcasting; the 1970s‒1980s – infrastructure development, Union-wide centralized broadcasting network establishment, the emergence of satellite and color television, the introduction of video recording and linear installation, organization of belt broadcasting throughout the country; The late 1980s and early 1990s saw the abandonment of fi lm news technologies, the use of linear and nonlinear editing, and the testing of new video formats.In Soviet times, television employees were tasked with the ideological, political, cultural and aesthetic education of the population by promoting achievements in all areas of the country’s life. According to archival data, Yakut television sought to cover various socially signifi cant topics in the fi eld of foreign and domestic policy, labor achievements, history, culture, art, health and sports. The broadcast was conducted in Yakut and Russian. The main genres were news, reports and conversations in the studio. For 30 years, the creative teams of the TV studio have managed to create samples of serious TV journalism, art productions, documentaries and feature fi lms. During the years of “perestroika”, the Yakut TV Studio set a course to strengthen regional identity and form national culture.

High genetic diversity of Echinococcus canadensis G10 in northeastern Asia: is it the region of origin?

Echinococcus canadensis consists of 4 genotypes: G6, G7, G8 and G10. While the first 2 predominantly infect domestic animals, the latter are sylvatic in nature involving mainly wolves and cervids as hosts and can be found in the northern temperate to Arctic latitudes. This circumstance makes the acquisition of sample material difficult, and little information is known about their genetic structure. The majority of specimens analysed to date have been from the European region, comparatively few from northeast Asia and Alaska. In the current study, Echinococcus spp. from wolves and intermediate hosts from the Republic of Sakha in eastern Russia were examined. Echinococcus canadensis G10 was identified in 15 wolves and 4 cervid intermediate hosts. Complete mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) sequences were obtained from 42 worm and cyst specimens from Sakha and, for comparison, from an additional 13 G10 cysts from Finland. For comparative analyses of the genetic diversity of G10 of European and Asian origin, all available cox1 sequences from GenBank were included, increasing the number of sequences to 99. The diversity found in northeast Asia was by far higher than in Europe, suggesting that the geographic origin of E. canadensis (at least of G10) might be northeast Asia.

Организация физкультурно-оздоровительной работы с детьми дошкольного возраста с тяжелыми нарушениями речи в условиях Крайнего Севера

The present article explicates the problem of organizing physical culture and recreation work with preschool children with severe speech impairments in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It argues the importance of intro-ducing physical training and recreational activities into the daily regimen of children with severe speech im-pairments, taking into account the specificity of physical development, children's fitness and climatic conditions. In the course of the work, special and methodological literature on this problem was studied and analyzed, a study of the coordination abilities of preschool children with severe speech impairments in the Far North was carried out, since one of the main aspects of the physical development of preschoolers is the development of coordination abilities. A methodology for the development of coordination abilities of preschool children with severe speech impairments has been developed and tested, which includes general developmental physical exercises for the development of all basic movements and national games of the peoples of the North.

Резильентность арктических поселений: опыт моделирования

Modern challenges turn up the heat on scientific and practical interest in finding new approaches to solving the problems of the Arctic macro-region’s resilience to rising shocks. In this regard, the article analyzes the resili-ence (viability) of socio-economic systems of the Arctic settlements of Yakutia over eight years of “Arctic” trans-formations (the period 2011–2019). To this end, a system of models was built to comprehensively assess, de-scribe and identify the degree and properties of the Russian Arctic’s resilience to economic shocks under the influence of various factors on the example of individual districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Statistical methods were used to analyze the relationships between phenomena and processes. The study obtained very unexpected results that allow us to draw ambiguous conclusions at this stage of modeling. The study found that the identified group of key influences did not have a significant impact on the population increment of the mac-ro region. This raises the question: how effective is the ongoing “active” state policy and how effective are the measures of its impact? The results of calculations at this stage indicate the opposite: the policy of state non-interference and support for habitual habitat in the Arctic can contribute to increasing the resilience of Arctic settlements much more than the active activity of the state in this region. The conducted research can be useful in the formation of information and analytical solutions in the management process for authorities and busi-nesses.

Clinical Features of Essential Tremor in the Two Ethnic Groups

Objective: The aim of the study was to study the clinical features of essential tremor (ET) in residents of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in various ethnic groups.Material and methods. The study involved 53 patients with an established diagnosis of essential tremor. All patients underwent a detailed neurological examination with a quantitative assessment of the severity and severity of tremor, as well as the degree of maladjustment and activity in everyday life using unified scales.Results and Discussions. It was revealed that the clinical variant of essential tremor-plus, associated with a more severe course and disability of patients. In the representatives of the Russian ethnic group, with the classic version of essential tremor, a combination of head tremor and hand tremor is observed, as well as a more rapid progression of disease symptoms. Representatives of the Yakut ethnic group in the clinical picture of essential tremor-plus are statistically significantly more likely to have a dystonic head position.Conclusion. Clinical variability of essential tremor with differences in the ethnic aspect in the rate of progression and in the frequency of the combination of action tremor with dystonic head position was demonstrated.

Formation of a Document Fund in the Languages of the Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberia, and the Far East

The main mission of the National Library of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the formation of the documentary heritage of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. The document fund in the languages of the indigenous peoples of the North of the National Library of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was formed from publications in five languages: Even, Evenki, Yukagir, Chukchi and Dolgan. The main principle by which the library fund was completed was an exhaustive collection of all published documents. The history of the book fund in the languages of the peoples of the North is divided into five chronological periods. The first period (1812—1917) is associated with the activities of the Russian Orthodox mission. The second (1918—1960) includes the creation of the Committee of the North (1924), the opening of the library (1925) and the beginning of the introduction of universal primary education in Yakutia. At that time, the People’s Commissariat of Education of the Yakut ASSR published and distributed the first ABC books for adults. The third period (1961—1990) was marked by the problem of publishing literature in the languages of the Evens, Yukagirs and Chukchi. In total, 3—5 books were published in the Even language per year, literature in other languages of the peoples of the North was not published. Languages were on the verge of extinction, there were no necessary conditions for their preservation. The fourth period (1991—2020) is associated with the completely destroyed book supply system in the early 1990s, the beginning of the commercialization of publishing. In 1990, the library was returned to the national status, which played a positive role in the formation of national and local history documents. The modern stage of the development of the book fund in the languages of the peoples of the North began in 2021, when the “Strategy for the Development of Librarianship in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030” was adopted, which fixed the main tasks, directions and measures of state policy in the field of librarianship. In July 2022 The Government of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has approved the “Strategy for the Development of Librarianship in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the period up to 2032”, which defines the main tasks for the formation of a depository storage fund for documents in the languages of all indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. As of January 1, 2023, the document fund in the languages of the peoples of the North numbered 2,659 copies. Work continues to preserve the documentary heritage of the small peoples of the North. The electronic library of the National Library of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is being developed, and the digital project “Knigakan: about the Arctic and the indigenous peoples of the North” is being implemented as part of it. The digital library of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East “Knigakan” currently has 2,760 digitized documents that are in great demand among readers. The electronic publishing house of the National Library of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) plans to publish books in all languages of the small peoples of the North, including endangered languages, and preserve them for future generations. The long-term task is to create a depository storage fund for documents in the languages of all indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East. This project should intensify efforts to preserve and ensure free access to the documentary heritage of indigenous minorities, the development of linguistic and cultural diversity of the peoples of Russia.

Род Rinodina (Physciaceae, лихенизированные Ascomycota) в Республике Саха (Якутия), с ключом для определения видов

The lichen genus Rinodina in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is revised on the basis of extensive materials collected by the authors in 1974–2022. Twenty-four species of this genus have been recorded for the lichen biota of Yakutia. Eight species are recorded for the first time: Rinodina cinereovirens, R. confragosa, R. conradii, R. intermedia, R. interpolata, R. metaboliza, R. orculata, R. trevisanii. Five previously reported species were not found: Rinodina archaea, R. exigua, R. exiguella, R. milvina, R. sophodes. A key for identification of Rinodina known in Yakutia is given. For each species, characteristic features, differences from closely related species, and distribution in Russia and the world are discussed.

Cerebrorenal connections in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia living in Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Purpose of the study. Identification of cerebrorenal relationships in patients with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) of elderly and senile age.Material and methods. We studied 522 elderly and senile patients with stage I and II CCI living in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Doppler ultrasound was the main method for studying cerebral hemodynamics in this work. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is the most reliable integral measure of the functional state of the kidneys, was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula, which takes into account race, gender, age, and serum creatinine levels.Results. Between the value of the glomerular filtration rate and almost all ultrasonic indicators included in the analysis (except for the diameter of the right and left vertebral arteries and the linear velocity of blood flow in the vertebral artery on the right), weak and moderate negative correlations were found. A univariate analysis confirmed the existence of relationships between GFR, age, duration of CCI, and blood lipid parameters.Conclusions. The study revealed a statistical relationship between GFR and age, duration of CCI, lipid spectrum parameters, as well as with all 12 ultrasound parameters characterizing cerebral hemodynamics.

Development of a Network of Landing Sites and Heliports: Ensuring Aviation Accessibility of Settlements in the Arctic Regions

While considering the problems of ensuring aviation accessibility of remote settlements in the regions of the Eastern Arctic Area of Russia, the study has concretised the concept of aviation accessibility of a settlement.The analysis of aviation mobility of the population of the Arctic zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was carried out. It has been established that the lack of a sufficient number of landing sites is a limiting factor in performance of regular flights between settlements and the centres of the Arctic regions. Under these conditions, local flights are carried out mainly by MI-8 helicopters which are expensive in operation, with extremely low regularity and not full load.To justify the construction of a network of landing sites in the Arctic region, a methodology has been developed for predicting seasonal distribution of passenger flows within local air transportation. This methodology is based on Ward’s hierarchical clustering method, which allows, considering many criteria, to divide all settlements into clusters, in each of which the demand for air transportation is present during a certain number of months.It is substantiated that construction of a landing site in a settlement is necessary if there is a demand for air transportation for more than five months a year. Using the example of 65 Arctic settlements of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), five clusters were identified. For three of them the need to build landing sites is proved. The zones of gravity of regional airports with a range of 150 km were determined, considering the possibility to get from the settlement to the airport in 3–4 hours. Based on the results of clustering and identification of gravity areas of regional airports, a predictable network of landing sites in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was built.

Promotion of food culture based on gastronomic tourism technologies on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

The article deals with the development of gastronomic tourism as one of the important areas of tourism. The subject of the study is the food culture in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The object of this research is the promotion of food culture based on the technologies of gastronomic tourism on the example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The article considers the food culture of the Yakut ethnic group, the trends of the restaurant market, as well as local catering enterprises that specialize in the national Yakut cuisine. The concepts of tourism and gastronomic tourism and their state in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are studied. The problems of popularization of national cuisine are touched upon. The article is devoted to the promotion of Yakut cuisine at the interregional and international levels. The necessity of promoting the food culture of the Yakut ethnic groups on the basis of participation in gastronomic festivals is identified and justified. The fundamental methodology for the study is a descriptive method, which includes the method of observation, interpretation, comparison, generalization. The presented article is relevant due to the fact that currently in modern culture there is a growing interest in the field of everyday food culture. In this regard, the term "food culture" correlates with the accumulated experience of the people, the bearer of culture, of satisfying the need for food. In modern science, everyday food culture correlates with the definition of "gastronomic culture", although to date there is no unambiguous understanding of this multidimensional cultural phenomenon, which is a specific attribute of each nation. The purpose of this study was to identify the features of everyday life through theoretical aspects and practical provisions that reveal the specifics of gastronomic tourism in the region, and the use of everyday food culture of the Yakut ethnic group for its further improvement and development. Based on the conducted study, the reasons for the positive impact of participating in gastronomic festivals are listed.

Features of epizootology of brucellosis of domestic reindeer in the mountain taiga zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Features of epizootology of brucellosis of domestic reindeer in the mountain taiga zone of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

NANOSTRUCTURED COMPOSITES BASED ON MATRICES OBTAINED FROM COAL RAW MATERIALS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRODE MATERIALS FOR SUPERCAPACITORS

The article reports the results of the study of the morphology, porous structure and electrical capacitance characteristics of highly porous carbon matrices (HPCMs) obtained from coal raw materials with different degrees of metamorphism and nanostructured composites (NSCs) based on them, the surface of which is decorated with gold or manganese oxide nanosized particles (NP), accumulating electrical charge during polarization in the electrolyte via two mechanisms (formation of an electrical double layer (EDL) and involvement of pseudo-capacitance component during Red-Ox reactions on electrodes). The samples of HPCMs were obtained by high-temperature (800 °C) alkaline activation (the mass ratio KOH/C = 2 : 1) of fossil coal from the coal basins of the Kemerovo Region and the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): CAK - based on anthracite of the Kiyzasskiy open-pit mine (Kuzbass), with the highest coalification degree; CBK - based on boghead (a kind of sapropel coal ) from the Taymylyr deposit (Yakutia) with the lowest degree of metamorphism; CDK - based on long-flame coal (Kuzbass) occupying an intermediate position in the metamorphism series. Results obtained by scanning electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering in combination with sorptometry showed that the NSC morphology is largely determined (except for submicron aggregates) by the porous structure of the matrices. The shape of cyclic voltammetry (CVA) curves for HPCMs CDK, CBK and Au-NP filled NSC based on them indicated a significant contribution from EDL into capacitance; the contribution of pseudo-capacitance is observed for the composite MnOx/CDK electrode. The features of CVA curves for microporous CAK HPCM and NSC based on it are probably caused by hindered diffusion. The specific electrical capacitance is higher as a result of the polarization of CDK and CBK HPCM with large proportions of mesopores, as well as NSCs on their basis, than that resulting from the polarization of microporous CAK and the corresponding composites. For all three HPCMs, the introduction of fillers causes an increase in the electrode capacitance. The effect is more significant for NSCs obtained from hard coals with a low level of metamorphism (an increase up to 1.8 and 1.6 times with respect to the capacitance of initial matrices for NSCs based on CDK and CBK, respectively, according to the impedance measurement data), which is due to a decrease in the active resistance and the charge transfer resistance of the cells, and, in general, to the active component of the impedance.

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the frequency and structure of edentulism in elderly and senile people of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Aim. Based on the results of the study of the frequency and structure of complete loss of teeth in the upper and lower jaws, to determine the need of elderly and senile people in prosthetics with complete removable orthopedic structures. Materials and methods. A dental examination was carried out in 5,791 people aged 60 to 93 years. At the same time, on the recommendation of WHO, a key age group of 65-74 years was formed. The study took into account the topography of the absence of teeth, gender, age, the presence and evaluation of previously manufactured complete removable dentures and the need for prosthetics. Results. A high prevalence of complete loss of teeth on the upper and lower jaws was found in the examined age groups of elderly and senile age. The largest proportion of complete loss of teeth of the upper and lower jaws was revealed in the age group of 75-84 years. At the same time, in elderly people, complete adentia is detected mainly in women, since men occupy a quarter of the gender ratio. Meanwhile, taking into account the indications for reprosthetics and the absence of prostheses with complete loss of teeth, the need for the manufacture of orthopedic structures in the form of complete removable prostheses in the surveyed population is determined. Conclusions. The obtained results dictate the need to improve orthopedic rehabilitation of patients with complete loss of teeth in the upper and lower jaws, taking into account the data obtained on the structure and frequency of complete loss of teeth in elderly and senile people.