Azerbaijan Research Articles

Military-Patriotic Education of the Young Generation Using the Example of the Life of Heydar Aliyev

The description of the life of Heydar Aliyev, his merits is presented. The main goal of the work was to educate the military patriotism of the younger generation using a specific example. With the coming to power of Heydar Aliyev in Azerbaijan, special attention was paid to the patriotic education of the younger generation. The importance of serving in the army, in the ranks of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Azerbaijan was noted. The formation of high moral qualities in young people. Love for the Motherland, moral preparation of the younger generation for military service is a very important issue.

Development of an Environmentally Friendly, Economical and Effective Method for Pre-sowing Treatment of Cotton Seeds with a Pulsed Electric Field

The aim of this work is to study the effect of electric pulse gas discharge on cotton seeds in pre-sowing processes in grass-grass-gray soils. The studies were conducted on cotton seed samples brought from the Saatli district of the Azerbaijan Republic. Cotton seed samples were treated with pulse gas discharge at 14 kV for 15 minutes at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. As a result of agrotechnical measures in cotton agrocenosis, the living conditions of microorganisms change dramatically. The number of microorganisms increases. Processing seed in the electric field of pulse discharge helps to reduce the number and harmfulness of phytophages by 46.5-68.3% and 13.1-88.5%, respectively.

Muslim Shia pilgrimage sites in Baku and the Absheron Peninsula

This article outlines the key pilgrimage sites in Baku and the Absheron Peninsula in Azerbaijan, offering a comprehensive discussion of the history of Shia Islam in this region, with a particular focus on the Republic of Azerbaijan. Each site is examined in terms of its historical development, the figure of devotion associated with it, architectural features, surrounding environment, and religious practices, encompassing both orthodox and heterodox traditions. By integrating personal observations and an analysis of existing literature, this study discusses the main patterns of worship and devotion, providing insights into the broader context of Shia religious practices in Azerbaijan.

Comparative characteristics of the amount of cytokines in patients with hepatitis B and C

The problem of viral hepatitis is also important for the Armed Forces, which are the guarantor of the independence of each state. Timely diagnosis of viral hepatitis among new recruits, as well as among military personnel already in service, is distinguished by its importance. Undiagnosed viral hepatitis can later lead to the spread of viral infection among other military personnel. The diagnosis of the virus has an significant strategic importance among those in the service for the prevention of liver failure and cirrhosis due to the damaging effect of that virus on the liver in the future. The purpose of the study: Study of the amount of cytokines and TNF-alpha in the blood of military personnel with latent hepatitis infection, comparing the results with patients with steatosis and practically healthy individuals. Material and methods: The material of the study was composed of 89 military personnel examined at the Central Military Polyclinic and Military Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Patients were divided into 3 main groups: hepatitis B group consisted of 45 people (50.6%), hepatitis C group 21 people (23.6%), steatohepatosis group consisted of 23 people (25.8%). Conclusion: Determination of immune response parameters and cytokines in the blood during hepatitis B and C virus infections among military personnel has important perspectives as a new direction in the diagnosis of viral hepatitis. Thus, the results of general and biochemical analysis of blood may not show specific changes during examination of military personnel infected with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses.

Establishing a pattern of change in the quality indicators of Tokaj-type wine materials prepared by different variants

The object of this study is Tokaj-type wine materials made from white and red grape varieties grown in the foothills of the Goy-Gol region and the flat zone of the Samukh region in the Azerbaijan Republic. An important condition for the production of Tokaj wine is the high sugar content in the raw materials. Therefore, fully ripe and slightly withered grape varieties were used to prepare the wine materials. The quality indicators of wine materials prepared in three options were studied. Option 1 – preparation of Tokaj wine material by adding must with pulp from ripe grapes to alcohol; Option 2 – preparation of Tokaj wine material by adding must with pulp from grapes withered on the vine for 10–12 days to alcohol; Option 3 – preparation of Tokaj wine material by adding must with pulp from grapes withered on the vine for 4–5 days to alcohol. The most appropriate options were the first and second, according to which Tokaj wine material is produced by adding must with pulp from grapes ripened and dried on the vine for 4–5 days to alcohol. The content of sugar, volatile acids, titratable acidity, phenolic compounds, methyl alcohol, and the volume percentage of alcohol added to the must were studied in the prepared wine materials. For the preparation of wine material, it is advisable to use the white Rkatsiteli grape variety and the red Cabernet Sauvignon variety grown in the flat zone of the Samukh district. This is due to the fact that in the flat zone, grapes accumulate more sugar, and the volume percentage of alcohol added to the must is less, which is also economically advantageous. During the study, using mathematical and statistical methods, the most appropriate option was determined for the organoleptic indicators of Tokaj wines made from the Rkatsiteli grape variety, which was rated 9.8 points

Azərbaycan Respublikasinda arbitraj mübahisələrin həllinin alternativ üsulu kimi

The article analyses in detail the recently adopted Law on Arbitration in the Republic of Azerbaijan, which was intended to replace the Law on International Arbitration. The Law sets out the categories of disputes subject to arbitration, the criteria for the selection of local arbitrators and the rules for the recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards. Particular attention is paid to the development of a system of domestic arbitration as a means of reducing the judicial burden, as well as harmonising the country's arbitration practices with international standards. The article also extends the discussion by raising questions about the history of arbitration, beginning with its origins as a method of resolving conflicts without involving the judicial system. The evolution of arbitration is examined in detail, emphasising its ancient roots and its gradual development in many cultures and legal systems. Special emphasis is placed on the term "arbitration courts" in the Republic of Azerbaijan, exploring the specifics and peculiarities of the local context of arbitration. In addition, the article touches upon the important comparison between arbitration and mediation in our state, highlighting the differences and similarities between these two methods of alternative dispute resolution. Both methods stand out as key tools in legal practice, helping to resolve conflicts and strengthen business relationships. Keywords: law on arbitration, alternative dispute resolution, arbitration, arbitration agreement, arbitral tribunal, international arbitration, arbitration organizations, arbitration award, mediation

Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prokurorluğunun hüquqi statusu, vəziyyəti və inkişaf perspektivləri (prosessual aspektdə)

The prosecutor's office in the Republic of Azerbaijan is the basis for ensuring the rule of law and protecting the rights and interests of citizens within the framework of the country's legislation. This article aims to examine the legal situation, current conditions and future prospects of the Azerbaijani prosecutor's office, paying special attention to its procedural functions. The legal authority of the prosecutor's office is determined by the national Constitution and relevant legislation. Currently, the current state of the prosecutor's office is characterized by a number of challenges and opportunities. It should be noted that the prosecutor's office in Azerbaijan plays an important role in the legal system of the country. The prosecutor's office contributes to the rule of law and the protection of the rights and interests of citizens by solving the problems encountered and using the opportunities that have arisen. Keywords: Republic of Azerbaijan, prosecution, procedural aspect, ınvestigation, court procedures, legal status, rule of law, ınternational standards.

İnternet provayderlərin məsuliyyətinə dair təcrübənin Azərbaycan, Türkiyə və Avropa hüquqi tənzimlənməsi əsasında müqayisəli təhlili

In the article, a comparative analysis of the practice of the liability of Internet providers is carried out based on the legal regulation of Azerbaijan, Turkey and Europe. It is noted that the issue of responsibility of providers for the content shared in the virtual space is based on the regulation of the Internet and information legal responsibility as a unity of two main information legal research topics. In the end, it is concluded that Internet providers are not classified in the legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Thus, the terms host provider, Internet information resource owner, and telecommunications operator and provider are used. Only the legal understanding given to the host provider complies with international norms and best foreign practices. The lack of basic legal concepts also makes it difficult to solve the issues of responsibility in case of violation of rights and freedoms. Keywords: Internet provider, virtual space, Internet regulation, information-legal responsibility, Internet information resource, rights and freedoms, legal regulation.

Müqavilənin standart şərtləri

The article examines the institution of "standard terms of contract", which is an important parameter of today's civil law sphere. The place of the concept in question in the modern legal system is discussed. In relation to this issue, the legislator's position, court practice and approaches available in the doctrine are analyzed. Important nuances such as the understanding of the standard terms of the contract, their place in the legal system of the Republic of Azerbaijan, their elements, verification, reliability, and defense mechanisms formed by the legislator against abuses that may arise from it are touched upon. In particular, the imperative requirements regulating this institution are considered in the legislation. It is clarified whether this type of condition is necessary and desirable from the perspective of civil law. Key words: contract, standard, condition, element, validity, check, mechanism, court, legislator, imperative, interpretation, content

“YAŞIL DÜNYA NAMİNƏ HƏMRƏYLİK İLİ” İLƏ ƏLAQƏDAR KEÇİRİLƏN TƏDBİRLƏRİN MƏKTƏBƏQƏDƏR YAŞLI UŞAQLARIN DAVRANIŞ MƏDƏNİYYƏTİNİN FORMALAŞDIRILMASINA TƏSİRİ

The article talks about the factors influencing the formation of preschoolers' behavior towards living and inanimate nature, ecological culture, and the characteristics of ecological culture. In this regard, in connection with the announcement of 2024 as the "Year of Green World Solidarity" in the Republic of Azerbaijan, the article provides detailed information on the formation of skills and feelings of nature con¬servation, respectful attitude and love for it, as well as projects and events held in a number of preschool ed¬ucational institutions of our republic. It should be noted that educators and teachers of preschool educational institutions benefit from the content and structure of such events held in our republic and operating in a net¬work mode, practical examples that they apply in the course of various activities, as well as the involvement of parents in this work, turns children into active participants in the process, and in them lives and cares for inanimate nature, protects greenery, cares for it, etc. creates the basis for the formation and development of ethical skills.

Конструирование исторической памяти о революции 1917 года в школьных учебниках Азербайджанской республики (2018–2023 годы)

The paper deals with the main conceptual approaches to the presentation of the events of the February and October stages of the 1917 Revolution in the school textbooks of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Considerable attention is paid to the national component of the 1917 Revolution – the formation of the First Republic (Azerbaijan Democratic Republic) and the Second Republic (Azerbaijan SSR). The content of textbooks on academic subjects “History of Azerbaijan” for grades 5, 9, 11 and “General History” for grades 9, 11 published in 2018 - 2023 was analyzed.

Производственно-биологические характеристики вегетативных подвоев яблони и груши

Research Institute of Fruit and Tea Growing of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic ofAzerbaijan, Quba, Azerbaijan to the "Program and methodology of variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops" of the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding. The monthly growth dynamics for PB-4 was the most intense in August, and for M9 and 62-396 – in August-September. In M 9, 4-5 shoots with a height of 70-104 cm and a diameter of the root neck 8-10 mm were formed on the mother bush, MM 106 – up to 6 shoots with a height of 63- 82 cm and a diameter of the root neck 7-9 mm. In other rootstocks, the number of shoots ranged from 3 to 6, their height ranged from 63 to 111 cm, and the diameter of the root neck randed from 6 (PB-4) to 10 mm (62-396). In the M-9 rootstock, root formation was estimated at 4-5 points, in others – at 2-5. The results of this study help to better understand the similarities and differences in the biology and economically valuable traits of these rootstocks, which provides important clues for all players involved in the fruit growing sector. Key words: Azerbaijan, horticulture, vegetative rootstocks, growth and development, regenerative ability

Comparative Genetic Study of Local and Introduced Cattle Breeds of Khizi District of Azerbaijan Republic

A comparative genetic study of local and introduced breeds of cattle in the farms of the Khizi district was carried out. Cattle of various breeds are kept on the territory of the region at enterprises of legal entities and individuals, in farms belonging to individual owners. Introduced breeds of cattle, beef and dairy cattle make up 0.0029% of the total livestock. Simmental (25%), Holstein-Frisian (27%), Brown Swiss (12%) and Aberdeen-Angus (7%) breeds are derived from introduced beef and dairy cattle. For a comparative study of the genomes of local and introduced breeds of cattle, blood samples were taken, DNA was obtained and prepared for further analysis.

A Small Macro Econometrıc Model of Azerbaıjan Economy

In the presented article, the construction of the Macroeconometric model for short- and medium-term forecasting of indicators of socio-economic development in the economy of Azerbaijan has been carried out. The model consists of 64 variables (41 endogenous, 23 exogenous) and 41 equations, built in four blocks (national income account, deflators, balance of payments and public finance). The database of the model is formed in four parts, covering the years 1995-2017 on an annual basis, including national income account, deflators, balance of payments and public finance. The development of the database was carried out together with the State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan (SSC) in full compliance with UN standards. The methodology used includes time series stationarity tests, ARIMA models, vector error correction models and other econometric methods. As a result, a compact macroeconometric model for the economy of Azerbaijan was established. Based on the model, predictions were processed in the short-term scientific research approach and compared with the actual results.

Employment and Unemployment as A Subject of State Regulation of The Labor Market in Azerbaijan

Annotation: The level of employment and unemployment are important macroeconomic indicators in order to characterize the effect of the economic policy implemented in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the degree of economic development of the country. The high level of unemployment in the economy causes various complications, which negatively affects the state of socio-economic progress. It is appropriate to consider a number of directions in the field of state regulation of employment and unemployment. These are the regulation of the demand and development for workplaces, the implementation of a successful state policy in the field of education, vocational training and personnel retraining. In the study of the scientific basis of employment issues, it is selected due to the importance of maintaining the continuity of workplaces and regulating its market relations based on the relevance of objective development laws. In this field, it is also worth noting the need for specialization. Measures in the field of policy regulation in the direction of employment and unemployment mostly act as efficiency indicators of the state's social policy as well. Implementation of various projects, representation of people from relevant classes in those projects and other necessary issues carry the strategic essence of employment-oriented social policy. The paper clarifies various issues regarding employment and unemployment in the Republic of Azerbaijan and deals with the state regulation in this direction. In the study, the approach to both problems on the current national economic priorities is more concrete and systematic. The creation of industrial parks and districts in different regions of the country will have a positive effect on the reduction of unemployment and, in parallel, on the preservation of the increasing dynamics of employment indicators. If we take into account the prospects of the territories freed from occupation in recent years, we can say that substantial results will be achieved based on the reforms and strategies carried out in the future. As it is known, state programs for the development of regions are adopted continuously and gradually in Azerbaijan. The implementation of these programs in stages will allow the establishment of production enterprises and the creation of new jobs. This, in turn, will lead to a decrease in the level of unemployment and further increase in employment opportunities.

Сравнительно-правовое исследование конституционных экологических прав в Республике Армения и Республике Азербайджан: проблемы правового регулирования

The article is devoted to the study of constitutional environmental rights in the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan. The author focuses on the fact that in Armenia, constitutional norms do not formally enshrine constitutional environmental rights, which reflects the novelty of the study. In the Republic of Azerbaijan, constitutional environmental rights are reflected in domestic legislation, but they have their own individual features that distinguish them from other CIS member states. In the domestic legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the legislator reflects only the category of damage.Harm that can also be caused to a citizen as a subject of law is not reflected in the laws of Azerbaijan.In our opinion, this fact indicates a lack of legal regulation. In the Republic of Armenia, constitutional environmental rights are not formally reflected in constitutional norms, but they are reflected in the norms of the fundamentals of legislation on environmental protection. At the same time, the constitutional norms of Armenia stipulate that laws must comply with constitutional laws. In this regard, we consider it necessary to enshrine in the constitutional norms of Armenia the classical triad of constitutional environmental rights reflected in the domestic legislation of this state.

Określanie szacowanego czasu pracy maszyn i wydajności sprzętu w przedsiębiorstwie naftowo-gazowym w warunkach niepewności

One of the main conditions for long-term forecasting of equipment requirements is to ensure the maximum level of equipment utilization, which characterizes production efficiency. In line with this condition, production in drilling departments must be organized to achieve an optimal volume that maximizes equipment productivity. In other words, it is necessary to determine the functional relationship between changes in the amount of equipment involved in the production process and its productivity. Following this, it is necessary to determine the optimal amount of equipment for the enterprise to maximize its productivity. The primary goal is to identify the negative and positive consequences of changes in the production scale. This article examines the solution to the above issues using the example of SOCAR (State Oil Company of the Azerbaijan Republic). To adequately address this problem, a procedure for determining the estimated machine time for each drilling equipment at the enterprise level is proposed, using the “Annual drilling calendar balance” report from the SOCAR enterprise, Azerbaijan. It is known that as the drilling depth of a well increases, so do the labor costs associated with drilling. To solve this problem, the research examines the functional dependency of the amount of drilling equipment on its productivity. This study led to the development of a mathematical-statistical model to predict productive time based on drilling depth. The scientific innovations proposed in this article are presented with calculations, based on the example of the SOCAR drilling enterprise, offering practical insights. The results of the study can be applied when justifying production plans and forecasting future equipment and spare parts requirements for drilling enterprises.

Investigation of urban biodiversity and factors influencing it based on modern technologies

In the article, the development of the cities of the Shirvan plain, located in the central part of the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the impact of this development on the loss of biodiversity of the cities were analyzed. Currently, cities, where more than 50% of the world’s population live, are the main reasons for the change of natural landscapes. The development of cities and the intensity of urbanization accelerate these changes. Therefore, our research is dedicated to the current issue. During the research, preference was given to modern methods. Landsat 5, 8 and 9 satellite images of 6 cities located on the Shirvan plain were obtained. As a result of the processing and analysis of these satellite images, the development of the territory and population of the cities was studied, and their effects on the natural landscape, its components, vegetation and water bodies were analyzed. The boundaries of cities in 1975 and 2023 were determined and compared. As a result of the conducted studies, it was determined by the processing of the 1975 topo plans and the 2023 satellite images that the area of the cities has increased by at least 2 times. The high average annual growth of the population has led to the transformation of cities from small towns to medium and large cities in a short period of time. This causes the loss of biodiversity as soon as possible and accelerates this process.

Müasir dövrdə mediasiyaya müraciətin normativ hüquqi tənzimlənməsi

In the article, the issue of the normative legal regulation of mediation in modern times is considered in a scientific context. It is noted that certain mediation relations are created during the mediation application procedure. Such relations that arise are regulated by means of relevant mediation-legal norms. The relevant mediation-legal norms are mainly established in the following normative legal acts: Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Civil Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Civil-Procedural Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan "On Mediation", Family Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Labor Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Code of Administrative Offenses of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Administrative-Procedural Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan Decisions of the Court, relevant decisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Azerbaijan, etc. Keywords: alternative resolution of disputes, mediation process, parties to the dispute, appeal to mediation, normative legal regulation, mediation-legal norms.

Международный оборот материальных объектов культурного наследия: международное и национальное правовое регулирование

In the article, the issues of international and national legal regulation of the international circulation of material cultural heritage objects are conducted based on the analysis of their main features and directions with the diversity of opinions in the legal literature. Besides, in the article, comparative analyzes are made with reference to important international documents and national legislative acts of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The mentioned analyzes can be considered important in improving the issues of international and national legal regulation of the international circulation of material cultural heritage samples. So, along with the convergence of the national legislations of the states in the field mentioned here, the further improvement of international normative-legal acts, including the adoption of new international-legal documents, is of great importance. Keywords: material cultural heritage, international circulation, international cooperation, international obligations, responsibility of states.