Reproduction Of Capital Research Articles

АМОРТИЗАЦІЯ В ЗНАЧЕННІ ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЮ ВІДТВОРЕННЯ ВЛАСНИХ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ РЕСУРСІВ

The paper examines depreciation as an effective tool for replenishing one’s investment resources. The theoretical foundations of depreciation and its significance in business management and financial management are discussed here based on the processes of simple and expanded capital reproduction of the company. The significant features of simple and expanded reproduction, which lie precisely in the possibility of capitalization of financial resources invested in production funds, are separately noted. The place and role of depreciation at various stages of social production reproduction are determined. Depreciation in this case serves as a tool for capitalizing resources. The circulation process of the main production capital (MPC) at various stages, namely, circulation, production, and circulation, is examined. The peculiarity of creating the final material product, which precisely allows for the capitalization of financial resources, is highlighted, and the secondary role of expenditure processes in circulation without which the realization of the finished product is not possible is determined. It is determined that the useful value of the main production capital (MPC) is the means of labor that have useful properties for production: they participate in the process of creating new useful value. MPC as value is social labor embodied. The activation of the reproduction of the main capital implies, first of all, the acceleration of its real circulation, which is manifested in the reduction of the reproduction cycle. And since the reproduction cycle of the main capital includes stages of innovative production, industrial production, testing, operation, and replacement, its reduction contributes to the renewal, modernization of means of labor, optimal use of available production capacities, which allows increasing capital productivity and production efficiency as a whole. All possible alternative sources of forming investment resources of enterprises are considered in the study, where separate instruments that can be applied to the reproduction process are distinguished. It is determined that leasing deserves separate attention as a tool of amortization reproduction, since it has certain features of depreciation accrual and its accounting on the company’s accounts depending on the methods of depreciation and the chosen type of leasing. The problem of effective reproduction of the company’s capital is considered from various points of view and at different levels of management.

SOCIAL RISKS: FACTORS AND CONSEQUENCES

The article is aimed at revealing the social risks that arise in society, encompass all aspects of life, and go beyond the oversight of social institutions that ensure safety in society. The authors argue that social risks in Ukraine have certain country-specific features, and that they have emerged and become widespread due to problems accumulated during a long transformational period. In the face of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, the level of uncertainty has increased, and problems in the socio-economic sphere of the country have worsened. Put together, these factors led to changes in the lives of a large part of the population and increased the intensity of the manifestation of social risks. An analysis of the current situation in Ukraine shows that risks in the labor, demographic, and educational sectors, as well as risks related to the availability and quality of medical services, are of particular concern. The features of the manifestation of contemporary risks are the deterioration of the demographic situation, the decrease in the possibilities of reproduction of human capital, the disruption of balances in the labor market, the decline in the well-being of the population, the deterioration of the financial condition of social benefit funds and the heavy load on them. Social risks increase the probability of negative changes, the danger of the dysfunction of social institutions, the inhibition of social reproduction processes, the transmission of social norms and values, production processes, and are likely to lead to social instability and tension. The dynamism, instability, and unpredictability of socio-economic changes and their irreversibility give way to the emergence of new social risks. Accordingly, focusing on priorities and specific ways to minimize social risks is one of the most pressing and urgent tasks of our time, the solution of which requires the development and application of effective mechanisms that will ensure an adequate response to social risks in the system of ensuring the economic security of the state.

Determinants of Profession Choice in Students’ Educational Strategies in the Context of the Reproduction of Human Capital

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the necessity to optimize the process of reproduction and building up the human capital of the Russian Federation, where the primary place belongs to education. The article discusses the educational strategies of Russian students in the current conditions of transition to the sixth technological mode, when the formation of a learning society and knowledge economy is of particular importance, which requires additional investment in human capital and educational capital in particular. The purpose of the study is to describe the educational strategies of Moscow students as dynamic systems of perspective orientation of an individual, as well as constructing their future life in accordance with a certain plan. Materials and Methods. The empirical basis of the article constitute the findings of the online sociological survey “Students of Russia: civic culture and life strategiesˮ, conducted in April‒May 2022 with an additional representation of the array in Moscow. Having carried out an exploratory factor analysis by the method of principal components and rotation by the Varimax method, the authors identify factors that allow interpreting various educational strategies for choosing a direction of study by students. Results. Comparing the social practices of students in Moscow with those in the regions, identifying the dominant factors in choosing a speciality/academic specialism, the authors identify speciality choice indices that are determined by different factors and lead to studentsʼ adherence to different types of educational strategies: “rationalˮ strategy, “inner circle of trustˮ strategy and “random choiceˮ. Discussion and Conclusion. The study conducted by the authors made it possible to formulate a number of significant conclusions that make a significant contribution to understanding the structure of the social capital of today's youth. The development of the educational capital of the younger generation is an important task in the process of ensuring the development of the entire Russian society as a whole.

Changes in the human resources market as a key factor of political decisions

The human resources market is a derivative of the key market for goods and services, the growth of which ensures economic growth in the country. However, it is efficient human resources that enable rational use of natural potential, ensure capital reproduction and new technologies creation. Changes in the labor market can fundamentally transform socio-economic ecosystem and affect the level of political stability in the country. For example, in the 2010s, imbalance in the United Kingdom human resources market provoked political instability that forced the government to withdraw from the European Union. The purpose of the research is to identify impact of the labor market on political decisions on the example of the United Kingdom, to determine causes of disequilibrium in the human resources market, to highlight stages of the European Union and stages of Great Britain’s exit from it, and to present the results of Brexit at the level of the economy and the labor market. The article relies on historical-logical and comparative methods of research, comparison of macroeconomic indicators dynamics on the basis of a systematic approach. Statistical data of the World Bank and the Office for National Statistics allow us to confirm mutual influence of the labor market and the policy of the country’s government.

HUMAN CAPITAL AND INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL: FEATURES AND TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

This article is devoted to the study of human capital, its relationship with intellectual potential. The main factor influencing the formation and accumulation of human capital is education and science. The purpose of the study is to identify the role of education, science and intellectual potential in the formation and reproduction of human capital. The article identifies the distinguishing characteristics of human capital from other types of capital, provides justification of its priority role in the economy of Kazakhstan. Varieties of investments in human capital are described. The article shows the degree of influence of education on successful realisation of professional activity of the person, gives characteristics of sources of formation of human capital, and also describes influence of education and science on process of development of human capital. The research results and conclusion provide recommendations. Their implementation will contribute to the improvement of the system of education and science, increase the quality side and efficiency, which will ultimately lead to the discovery of intellectual potential and the development of human capital as one of the competitive factors of the national economy.

Internal migration, stepping into the academic field, and talking to Pierre Bourdieu: a critical autoethnography

This critical autoethnography interprets my internal migration experience in China. Using Bourdieu’s capital, field and habitus toolkit, I investigated my cultural capital transformation and habitus formulation when being educated in secondary schools and universities after internal migration to the city. Taking my lived experience as an example, the article illustrates the challenges of disadvantaged social groups in cultural capital exchange and the challenges of developing and re-­assembling habitus influenced by the doxa in the education field. The study highlights that the reproduction of the cultural capital of rural-to-urban migrant students is restricted by the rule of the urban education field. The article also suggests further research on the educational experience of different sub-groups of students with internal migration backgrounds.

Towards a Manifesto for the Liberated Image

Towards a Manifesto for the Liberated Image

The Tension Between Chinese Peasants’ Family Capital Reproduction Strategies and Massification in Higher Education

This paper is focused on the tension between Chinese peasants' family capital reproduction strategies and the existing higher education system. Under an institutionalised urban-rural segregation, most rural residents are not entitled to some of the basic social welfare guarantees available to urban residents, such as pensions. As a preparation for the future of their children as well as for themselves, peasants have a strong urge to invest in their children's higher education as their family capital reproduction strategy. However, higher education institutions, without sufficient funding from the government, have to increase enrolment size and charge high tuition fees. Increase in the cost of higher education has strongly impacted on the family economy of rural residents, and the rapid expansion of the system has resulted in an employment crisis for college graduates. Bourdieu's theory of capital reproduction will be applied in the analysis of several cases of rural parents and their children who have participated in higher education. The research eventually leads to the conclusion that, under urban-rural segregation, Chinese peasants are compelled to convert their limited economic capital into academic capital, while the reversibility of this capital conversion is hardly objectively guaranteed.

From “Authentic” to Actual Marxist Educational Theory: Advancing Revolutionary Pedagogies

ABSTRACT Education is central to both the reproduction of capitalism and the revolutionary project of creating a new social order. As revolutionary and leftist activists, organizers, researchers, and academics—along with capitalist and imperialist powers—increasingly turn to educational theory, the pedagogical contents and forms of such theories are of decisive political importance. This article conducts a historical-materialist inquiry into the origins, critiques, and developments of two dominant radical educational theories in imperialist countries—and in much of the world—to advance a revolutionary educational theory adequate to our moment. After establishing the political and strategic significance of the “scholastic apparatus” and its centrality in reproducing and challenging capitalism, this article examines critical pedagogy (the educational spin-off of the Frankfurt School), finding it originated not from Paulo Freire’s praxis but as a break from it. This article investigates Marxist responses to critical pedagogy, arguing they’re held back by their lack of orthodoxy, as Marxist orthodoxy adheres to limitless flexibility and creativity based on material conditions. Reclaiming Freire’s orthodox Marxism, this article homes in on a pillar of his praxis that critical pedagogy and Marxist educational theory avoid: education is only revolutionary within revolutionary organization.

Locating labour conflict and its organising forms in contemporary times: between class and the reproduction of capitalism

The following article aims to provide a conceptually rooted introduction to the articles in the internationally coordinated themed collection on Labour Conflict, Class and Collective Organization, an initiative which has involved four journals focusing on labour studies from different geographical angles and academic traditions: Economic and Labour Relations Review (ELRR); Global Labour Journal (GLJ); Partecipazione e Conflitto (PACO); and Revista Latino Americana de Estudios del Trabajo (RELET). The contributions across the four journals are diverse, both in terms of geographical focus, disciplinary perspectives and sector of analysis. This diversity is very welcomed and represents a fertile soil for conceptual considerations, because it corresponds to the manifold forms in which labour conflict expresses itself in the reality of capitalism. What’s the abstract unity of these concrete empirical realities, as Marx would have put it? In the following introduction, we focus on two general theoretical issues we consider fundamental and mutually interrelated: a rethinking of workers’ collective forms of organization within and beyond trade unions; and the framing of these forms and of labour conflict in the broader historical dynamics of working classes formation. With this, we hope to provide a lens of analysis for the articles in the international special issue and, more generally, methodological guidance to future studies on labour conflict.

Neoliberal fascism? Fascist trends in early neoliberal thought and echoes in the present

This article theorises the contemporary convergence of neoliberal and fascist principles by examining the thought of political actors in the 1930s and 1940s who were active in both neoliberal and fascist organisations. I suggest that a sympathy for fascism formed a minor but significant strand of early neoliberal thought, and that unpacking the logics that led particular thinkers and political actors to believe that fascism was compatible with neoliberalism can shed light on the contemporary political moment. Based on my reading of early ‘neoliberal fascists’, I theorise three points of convergence. The first was a belief that socialism had to be opposed by all possible means, including violence and the repression of popular democracy. The second was a racialized understanding of the underpinnings of the market economy, leading to an acceptance of the necessity of racial exclusion. Thirdly, both fascist and neoliberal thinkers believed that patriarchy was a necessary feature for the reproduction of capitalism, and hence that traditional gender roles had to be preserved against pressures for social change. In theorising this convergence, I also gesture to how the overlap of neoliberalism and fascism can be witnessed in the contemporary milieu, with a focus on the libertarian Mises Institute.

Class structure without politics or history?

This review essay considers Vivek Chibber’s social theory of capitalism critically and develops some of the themes that a historicist social theory of capitalist stability should integrate theoretically. I start by outlining Chibber’s notable book and present its key claim about the materiality and primacy of class structure in terms of economic decision-making. I then point out the limits and antinomies of structural theory as a historical explanation, sketch the contours of a historicist methodology and provide examples of three political phenomena that are irreducible to the class structure but that have been central for the reproduction of capitalism. The final section considers the political consequences of my historicist criticism of Chibber.

Reproduction of Competitive Human Capital as a Factor of Ensuring Russia's Economic Security in the Global Economy

The growing interest in the study of the reproduction of competitive human capital is caused by the destabilization of the political, social and economic situation in the world in the conditions of pandemics and the sanctions policy of the countries of the «golden billion». The implementing of artificial intelligence leads to the reduction of even the elite layer in the labor market, such as IT specialists. Enterprises of basic industries and related industries face a decrease in demand and reduce staff. The digitization of processes results in personnel reductions in sectors that provide financial, informational, and other services. Job cuts — reduction in disposable income — reduction in demand — reduction in economic growth — reduction in investment resources and opportunities: all this requires the search for new levers to improve efficiency and life security. The analysis of modern economic scientific literature shows an underestimation of the reproduction characteristics of a specific factor and investment resource — a person, his creative component in the process of its productive use. The reproductive perspective allows for the alignment of interests among all parties involved in the production process within a company, the creation of value-added chains at regional and national levels, and serves as a key factor in increasing their competitiveness in global markets. This approach fits well with the search for mechanisms to ensure economic security at all three levels: micro, meso and macro in the global economy of a multipolar world.

Reproduction of Natural Resource Capital in the Framework of the Implementation of Vari-ous Priorities of Regional Socio-Economic Development

The use of cognitive modeling tools in the process of studying the influence of the dominants of regional socio-economic development on the parameters of reproduction of the natural resource capital of the territory is considered. Particular attention is paid to the implementation of this process in the agricultural sector, its relationship with the possibility of achieving the effect of resource decoupling.

Wasting CO2and the Clean Development Mechanism: The remarkable success of a climate failure

This paper examines how global climate mitigation policies articulate with urban political–ecological transformations. It focuses on South African waste-to-value projects as case studies, exploring how local processes of urban ecological modernization combine with global climate finance through the now largely defunct Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Whilst it is generally recognized that waste-related CDM projects in South Africa (and elsewhere) have been an unmitigated failure in terms of climate and socio-economic benefits, we demonstrate that landfill-to-gas/energy projects have functioned effectively as geographical–discursive dispositifs through which particular knowledge systems are enrolled, specific ‘solutions’ are projected, and singular imaginaries of what is possible and desirable foregrounded, thereby crowding out alternative possibilities. This not only nurtures the commodification and marketization of non-human matter with an eye towards sustaining capital accumulation but, rather more importantly, successfully installs state-orchestrated private property relations around common resources, thereby deepening the dispossessing socio-ecological relations upon which expanded capitalist reproduction rests. We argue that whilst the formal outcome of the CDM is a failure, its success resides precisely in how it permitted local and global elites to create administrative and regulatory practices that solidify and naturalize a neoliberal market-based framework to approach the climate crisis.

FEATURES OF HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA

The study of human capital management issues is essential for both economic growth and economic development. Because of that, the problem was studied by various economists, such as: A. Smith, D. Ricardo, J. Walsh et al. The indisputable relevance of the issue at hand accounts for the choice of the research topic. The article presents the role of human capital in the modern economic system, examines the elements of human capital, analyzes one of the most important factors affecting the development and reproduction of human capital in the Republic of Armenia - the dynamics of the number of students in higher educational institutions of the RA in 1998-2020 and the possible negative consequences of that. The conducted studies show that the number of students of higher education institutions in 2000-2009. increased by 53.9 thousand, the increase was 1.9 times or 88.8%, and in 2009-2020, the same indicator decreased by 45.6 thousand. Compared to the same years, the number of students decreased by 39.8%. Accordingly, the need to develop and implement a systemic state policy was substantiated as a prerequisite for accumulating and increasing the efficiency of reproduction of human capital.

Social reproduction and the family: contradictions of childcare and eldercare in Germany

At the heart of capitalism is a contradiction between capital’s need for value-producing labor, including the commodification of care work and care products, and capitalists’ pursuit of profit at all costs, including the value of wages and the life and wellbeing of workers. The family is entangled in this contradiction insofar as its members, and particularly its female members, are encouraged to care for their children and for their dependent parents without (adequate) compensation out of love or duty, at the same time as they are immersed in and held up to standards of autonomy and self-care. In this article, I unpack this entanglement with respect to men and women’s care for their children and for their dependent parents in Germany. I argue that family members live out a structural contradiction in the reproduction of capitalism as a personal and family conflict and assume its fallouts as their personal failures. This makes the family relationships that center on care singularly excessive and family members prone to questioning their commitment, sensibility, and competence as mothers and fathers and as daughters and sons.

DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL FACTORS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE: TRENDS IN CHANGE

The article examines the key demographic trends and dynamics of social infrastructure development in rural areas of Ukraine in historical retrospect (1959-2021). The regional specificity of rural population depopulation is determined with an emphasis on sex and age structure transformations, and the regions are grouped by the nature of changes in rural fertility and mortality. The dynamics and peculiarities of the development of the social sphere of life support, which is considered as the basis for the preservation and reproduction of human capital in rural areas, are analyzed. The novelty of the study is the analysis of the long-term depopulation demographic trend, as well as changes in the development of social infrastructure in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods, with the presentation of examples of mapping schemes illustrating these processes.

The problem and contradictions of the reproduction of human capital in the Russian arctic

The problem and contradictions of the reproduction of human capital in the Russian arctic

Digital health and the platformization of the Brazilian Government

The implementation of digital health constitutes an enormous challenge to Public Health, making it imperative to call for an urgent debate regarding the more immediate impacts of digital technologies on health policies. Digital health involves the incorporation of new technologies and potentially reconfigures the relationship between Government and society, in a process known as platformization - of health services management through the interpretation of a huge volume of data. This work provides a historic overview of Brazilian digital health information policies and analyzes digital health as a case of platformization of the Brazilian Government. For this reason, this work analyzes the Brazilian digital health strategy from three dimensions: data concentration, users/consumers, and the privatization of public infrastructure. Lastly, this work seeks to highlight the global trend in favor of an innovation that conceals the expectation for digitalization as a driver of the reproduction of capitalism.