Reproduction In Catfish Research Articles

In silico analysis of kiss2, expression studies and protein–protein interaction with gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 (GnRH2) and luteinizing hormone beta (LHβ) in Heteropneustes fossilis

Kisspeptins, encoded by the kiss genes, are neuropeptides that regulate the onset of puberty, maturation of gonads, and fertility in higher vertebrates including fishes. The gene ontology suggests that kisspeptin plays an important role not only in reproduction but also in cell signaling, immune response and metabolic processes, and to decipher protein–protein interactions, computational approach has been favored. The present investigation focuses on the detailed structural analysis and molecular docking of kiss2 gene using in silico tools. A putative kiss2 protein of 113 amino acids was encoded by an open reading frame of 342 bp kiss2 gene. The protein is of 13.12 kDa with isoelectric point of 9.45. The secondary structure of the protein indicates more than 50% random coils, followed by 34% of alpha helix and 13% extended strand. The protein was found to be extracellular and secretory in nature. Since, protein–protein interactions play a very crucial role in every cellular process and due to unavailability of crystal structure of our protein of interest in fishes computational approach has been employed. The 3D PDB modeling and the molecular docking of kiss2, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2 (GnRH2) and luteinizing hormone beta (LHβ) proteins in fishes have been demonstrated applying protein-docking approach. Molecular interactions of kiss2 protein were the highest with kisspeptin receptor 2 and lowest for the neuropeptide FF-amide peptide precursor protein. Expression of kiss2 transcripts, mainly in the brain and ovary of H. fossilis, supports its hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis signaling and reproductive function. Further, changes in expression patterns of kiss2 mRNA during different developmental stages, indicate its potential role in embryonic development also. The present study conclusively reveals interaction of kiss2 with other neuropeptides. Prediction of binding structures and identification of key residues in protein–protein interaction illustrate direct interaction among these proteins, playing a cardinal role in neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction in catfish. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Cloning and effects of fasting on the brain expression levels of appetite-regulators and reproductive hormones in glass catfish (Kryptopterus vitreolus)

The regulation of feeding is a complex process that involves coordination between various signals. Feeding hormones can be described as orexigenic (stimulate food intake, e.g. orexin and neuropeptide Y – NPY) or anorexigenic (inhibit food intake, e.g. cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript – CART). Reproduction and energy homeostasis are closely linked, as factors that affect appetite have also been shown to influence reproductive hormones and behaviors. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is one of the most influential factors controlling reproduction. Although our understanding of the endocrine regulation of feeding and reproduction in fish is progressing, many gaps still remain, particularly in catfish. Glass catfish (Kryptopterus vitreolus) are freshwater fish known for their natural transparency. In this study, we isolated cDNA encoding reproductive hormones (GnRH1, GnRH2) and appetite regulators (orexin, NPY, and CART) from glass catfish and examined their distribution in various tissues. All peptides had wide distributions across various brain and peripheral tissues, except CART, which was only present in brain. In order to assess whether limited energy supply affects these peptides, we examined the effects of fasting on their brain mRNA expression levels. Fasting increased the expression of both the orexigenic (i.e. orexin and NPY) and anorexigenic (i.e. CART) hormones, and decreased expression levels of GnRH1, but did not affect GnRH2. Overall, our results suggest that fasting affects the expression of peptides involved in both feeding and reproduction, and provides new insights on the endocrine mechanisms that regulate feeding and reproduction in catfish.

The Environmental Regulation of Reproduction in Cat Fish (Clarias Batrachus) With Special Reference to the Role of Photoperiod

Development, growth and reproduction are influenced by daily and seasonal variations of photoperiod in teleost fish. Experiments were carried out to investigate the environmental regulation of reproduction in cat fish (Clarias batrachus) with special reference to the role of photoperiod. The effect of the photoperiod and temperature regimes on reproductive function was assessed by GSI and histological techniques. The Photo regimes taken up for the study were; 5hr L / 19 hr D at 22 0 C ,9 hr L / 15 hr D at 22 0 C and 18hr L / 6 hr D at 22 0 C. The results reveal the advancement in reproduction of fishes by changing

Role of melatonin on the regulation of ovarian function: new findings in Danio rerio

Event Abstract Back to Event Role of melatonin on the regulation of ovarian function: new findings in Danio rerio Oliana Carnevali1*, Giorgia Gioacchini1, Francesca Maradonna1, Ike Olivotto1 and Beatrice Migliarini1 1 Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Marine Sciences, Italy Melatonin is involved in a number of activities including reproduction acting on hypothalamus , pituitary and gonads . The mechanism by which melatonin acts on the reproductive axis is still unknown although this hormone does not appear to have a direct influence on GnRH neurons. The nature of relationship between pineal melatonin and reproductive physiology remains controversial, in mammals the administration of melatonin may induce or inhibit reproduction depending on the species reproductive strategy: melatonin inhibits long day summer phenotype and induces a short day winter phenotype reproduction. In these latter species, melatonin is referred to as being progonadotrophic .Conflicting conclusions on the role of melatonin in the neuroendocrine system has been also found in teleost; administration of melatonin decreases LH β and FSHβ secretion in the ell and inhibits reproduction in catfish, trout, etc…while LH β is induced in kroacker, sea bass and carp. Recently, the antioxidant activity of melatonin have been found in the mammalian oocyte evidencing the beneficial effects of this hormone on reproductive physiology by improving oocyte quality. In zebrafish, we have demonstrated a clear positive role of melatonin in follicle growth and maturation. The large variability of the impact of melatonin on brain, pituitary and on gonadal factors observed among vertebrates will be discussed. Keywords: comparative endocrinology Conference: 25th Conference of the European Comparative Endocrinologists, Pécs, Hungary, 31 Aug - 4 Sep, 2010. Presentation Type: Conference Presentation Topic: Comparative endocrinology Citation: Carnevali O, Gioacchini G, Maradonna F, Olivotto I and Migliarini B (2010). Role of melatonin on the regulation of ovarian function: new findings in Danio rerio. Front. Endocrinol. Conference Abstract: 25th Conference of the European Comparative Endocrinologists. doi: 10.3389/conf.fendo.2010.01.00011 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 26 Aug 2010; Published Online: 29 Aug 2010. * Correspondence: Dr. Oliana Carnevali, Polytechnic University of Marche, Department of Marine Sciences, Ancona, Italy, o.carnevali@univpm.it Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Oliana Carnevali Giorgia Gioacchini Francesca Maradonna Ike Olivotto Beatrice Migliarini Google Oliana Carnevali Giorgia Gioacchini Francesca Maradonna Ike Olivotto Beatrice Migliarini Google Scholar Oliana Carnevali Giorgia Gioacchini Francesca Maradonna Ike Olivotto Beatrice Migliarini PubMed Oliana Carnevali Giorgia Gioacchini Francesca Maradonna Ike Olivotto Beatrice Migliarini Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.

Use of Plant Proteins in Catfish Feeds: Replacement of Soybean Meal with Cottonseed Meal and Replacement of Fish Meal with Soybean Meal and Cottonseed Meal

AbstractPlant protein sources were evaluated in 32% protein grow‐out feeds for channel catfish (initial weight: 180 g/fish) stocked at high densities (24,700 fish/ha) in 0.04 ha earthen ponds. Each of the eight practical‐type feeds was assigned for five replicate ponds. The fish were fed to satiation once daily for 170 d. Specifically, cottonseed meal and cottonseed meal plus supplemental lysine were evaluated as replacements for soybean meal. Soybean meal, a combination of soybean meal and cottonseed meal, or a combination of soybean meal and cottonseed meal plus supplemental lysine were evaluated as a substitute for animal protein sources. Based on weight pin, feed conversion ratio, body composition, percentage visceral fat, and dressed yield, the data indicated that cottonseed meal plus lysine can be used as a total substitute for soybean meal in catfish feeds. However, it is not recommended that more than 30% cottonseed meal be used in catfish feeds until additional data are available on the effects of gossypol on reproduction in catfish. Also, data indicated that plant proteins can be used as a total replacement for animal protein without detrimental effects. Reduced weight gain was observed in fish fed a feed that contained 68% of the established available lysine requirement. However, fish fed feeds estimated to contain only 76 or 82% of the available lysine requirement did not show reduced weight gain. This suggests that lysine may be more highly available from cottonseed meal than previously estimated, or that natural food organisms in the pond contributed nutrients including lysine, or that fish were able to consume enough of the marginally deficient feeds to meet their requirement for lysine. This study was conducted with large catfish fed a 32% protein feed to satiation once daily. If smaller fish, a lower protein fed, or a restricted feeding regimen had been used, the results may have been different.