Representatives Of Medical Profession Research Articles

ПРОБЛЕМЫ ВЫРАЖЕННОСТИ СИНДРОМА ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ВЫГОРАНИЯ У ВРАЧЕЙ АНЕСТЕЗИОЛОГОВ-РЕАНИМАТОЛОГОВ

Significance. Emotional burnout is a common phenomenon among representatives of medical professions. The majority of patients in medical institutions are people with special needs due to suffering, worries about their health and life, and reduced adaptive capabilities. Medical care providers are faced with a double burden related to both ensuring a high-quality performance of their professional duties, and maintaining a stable emotional status of their patients. A high risk of developing emotional burnout is characteristic of medical specialists who provide emergency care in conditions of time shortage and high responsibility for human life and health. Anesthesiologists and resuscitators are among the most at risk of emotional burnout The purpose of the study: to analyze the level and specific features of emotional burnout syndrome in anesthesiologists-resuscitators. Material and methods. 160 anesthesiologists and resuscitators took part in the study. The study consisted of two stages: analysis of the level of emotional burnout according to the Maslach Burnout Inventory (C. Maslach, S. Jackson, adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova), and a survey based on a specially designed questionnaire to identify enabling factors of emotional burnout syndrome. Results. 17.5% of the surveyed anesthesiologists and resuscitators are characterized by a high level of emotional burnout. A moderate level of emotional burnout was detected in more than 50% of the surveyed doctors of this specialty. 14.4% of the respondents constantly experience emotional symptoms of professional burnout. 46.9% of the respondents are dissatisfied with their work. 46.9% are convinced that the job of anesthesiologist and resuscitator is depreciated by patients, administration and colleagues. 20.6% noted a desire to change their specialty, 18.8% have the intention to quit this medical profession, 21.9% want to move to other medical institutions, engage in private medical practice. Emotional burnout among anesthesiologists-resuscitators can lead to the increased risk of medical errors and negatively affect the safety of patients. Negative emotional status of anesthesiologists negatively affects both effectiveness of the individual professional activity and reduces effectiveness of the teamwork in general in care provision. Development of the emotional burnout symptoms in the work of an anesthesiologist-resuscitator is greatly influenced by the type of medical care, work experience and type of organization the specialist is employed in. Conclusion. Anesthesiologists and resuscitators belong to one of the most vulnerable categories of medical specialties, they are characterized by the risk of emotional burnout syndrome associated with both general factors typical of helping professions and specific ones, due to peculiarities of professional activity. Increasing performance effectiveness of the anesthesiologist-resuscitator determines the need to improve measures aimed at preventing burnout. Scope of application. The study results can be used by heads of health authorities, chief physicians of health care facilities, heads of personnel services of medical profile in order to improve efficiency of work organization in the field of anesthesiology and resuscitation

Does Mental Health Affect the Decision to Vaccinate Against SARS-CoV-2? A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study Before the Vaccine Campaign.

The COVID-19 pandemic generated a sense of threat in the society, leading to social isolation and mental health deterioration. A great deal of hope for the development of herd immunity was placed in preventive vaccinations. The survey, performed before vaccine campaign between September 26-October 27, 2020, during the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Poland with the Computer Assisted Web Interviews method. The study was partly community based and partly open to the public. Participants were invited to complete the survey using Google forms via social media (Facebook, WhatsApp). The survey was also distributed 54 times at the request of interested persons via e-mail. Total 1,043 questionnaires were assessed for eligibility and 41 were excluded (13 because of the age under 18, and 28 due to refusal to participate: non-response after sending questionnaire via e-mail). Finally 1,001 questionnaires were included to the study and statistical analysis was performed on the basis of the 1,001 responses. The questionnaire consisted of three parts: a sociodemographic survey, a questionnaire assessing the knowledge of the SARS-CoV-2 and the General Health Questionnaire-28. Participants also determined their attitude toward being vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. The questionnaire was completed by a total of 1,001 participants: 243 people declared that they will not get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Majority of people declaring the willingness to vaccinate were representatives of medical professions, suffering from chronic diseases, with higher values on the total GHQ-28 scale and the subscales: anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction and somatic dysfunction. Loss of income, difficult access to health care, recognizing the restrictions as excessive and knowledge about COVID-19 were found as significant positive determinants of the reluctance to vaccinate. Greater readiness to vaccinate can be associated with greater certainty about its effectiveness and a hypothetical collectivist attitude. Experiencing anxiety and psychopathological symptoms are risk factors for infection, but can also be conducive to reliance on information about vaccination presented in the media. Reluctance to vaccinate may result from greater awareness of the complexity of the disease, and thus less faith in the effectiveness of vaccines.

The medical ethics of Amatus Lusitanus

The authors of this study discovered in annals of history the "Oath" of the Portuguese physician Amatus Lusitanus (1511-1568) and translated it into Russian for the first time. The mentioned historical document represents a sort of Code of Honor of European physician of XVI century that both took in ethical norms of Hippocrates and determined one's own rules of doctoring. The ethical principles of Amatus are akin Hippocrates' ones and they are in parallel on seven positions. However, the "Oath" of A. Lusitanus also includes other aspects of medical ethics that are completely organic to the very personality of author and distinguish themselves by courage and novelty for its time. To mention reward of physician for one's labor, difficulties and hardships falling on representatives of medical profession, theme of glorification and exaltation of physician and and medical tolerance. Amatus Lusitanus can be considered as a precursor of initiation of tolerance in European medical ethics that he anticipated with his "Oath".

ВПЛИВ ДЕРЖАВИ НА ВИХОВАННЯ ЕТИЧНИХ ЦІННОСТЕЙ МЕДИЧНОГО ПЕРСОНАЛУ

А study of national normatively-legal acts that regulate activity of organizations and medical personnel in the system of health care and also international documents, about ethics allowed to us to come to the following. Influence of the state on education of high ethic relations in the environment of medical personnel is provided by normatively-legal, by acts, that form official ethics it is possible to include to that,: Law of Ukraine of «Basis of legislation on a health protection Ukraine», Oath of doctor, Ethic code of doctor of Ukraine, Ethic code of medical sister of Ukraine, Ethic code of pharmaceutical workers of Ukraine. Also in this circle normatively-legal acts that form the special medical legislation after different directions of medical activity are included: Laws of Ukraine «On the donor ship of blood of ї of her components», «About transplantation of organs and other anatomic materials of man», «About a psychiatric help», «About prohibition of the reproductive cloning of man», «About medicinal facilities» et al. Exactly the state tries normatively-legal acts to carry out influence on education of ethical behavior of medical personnel. All operating in the state documents that regulate mental and ethical relations in a medical environment are based on the confessed international acts, in particular on the International code of medical ethics and International oath of doctors that on maintenance are the modern release of «Oath» of Hippocrates, and on General declaration about bioethics and human rights, and also other international documents. In these documents behavior of medical workers is regulated at the grant of medical care, that always must restrain temper ethic values and rules of justice, goodwill, sympathy and respect to the man, professional competence, identical attitude toward all patients regardless of their social state and other features, inhibition of medical secret and other. All ethic rules are identically important, both for the transmitter of certain behavior and for his social environment. Mutual relations between people from old times are regulated by ethic norms and rules. A modern medical ethics that purchased the name of bioethics cannot do without application in everyday life by the medical personnel of the formed four models of ethical behavior (after Hippocrates, after Paracelsus, after Petrov and modern bioethics), that was produced by human practice and medical public in the world during many centuries. In present tense bioethics is examined as ethics of future life. Values and principles of bioethics are the modern moral system for a medical personnel and functioning of the system of health protection. Among basic and major principles of bioethics for medical workers experts consider four: respect and autonomy of man and to the patient in particular. On this principle independence of patient stands in made decision about possibility of realization of treatments by a doctor, or medical a sister, informed consent to surgical interference, or other manipulations. A justice is identical attitude and sympathy of medical personnel toward somebody regardless of his social status and financial possibilities. Benefaction is unselfish attitude toward a patient and sincere attempt to help. On this principle it follows to offer hand of help and improve the state of patient, regardless of circumstances. And also principle not to harm the actions, after that it follows always at accepted medical decisions of diagnostic and curative character, to think a sick man and weigh possible consequences and quality of life of man after the given help. In present tense it is considered that medical care is valuable then, when medical personnel restrain temper all ethic norms and rules, but not only correctly and adequately uses curatively-diagnostic technology. The prominent representatives of medical profession always marked humane essence of medicine, required mercy, honest and selfless implementation by the physicians of the professional duties according to calling and conscience.

The topic about midwifery healthcare in the event of a mass terrorist attack among Keynote Presentations at the International Conference on „Nursing Diagnosis & Midwifery 2018”

The International Conference "Nursing Diagnosis & Midwifery 2018" held on 10-11 September 2018 in Prague (Czech Republic) was important for the international environment of midwives and nurses. The Event gathered representatives of medical professions from almost all continents. Over 26 lectures on various medical and nursing topics and poster sessions were presented. This allowed for the deepening of knowledge in field ofmidwifery, nursing and medical related sciences. It was a great opportunity to discussissuesthat are omitted in the framework of midwiferyand nursing programs, where such topicsare very important in the face of the threat of terrorism not only in the European Union.

TO THE PROBLEM OF THE FORMATION OF ALIEN DISCURSIVE COMPETENCE IN FUTURE DOCTORS

Objective - the objective of this direction in the system of teaching the students foreign languages for special goals is the development of foreign language communication, which may be proved useful to future specialists in their successful communication with foreign colleagues on such topic as analysis, examination of a patient, ability to present a patient, description of a practical case, participation in discussion, substantiation of the diagnostics choice and treatment, doctor’s round of patients, use of intercultural communication in the chosen medical profession.Material and methods. The studying of the medical discourse promotes the formation of the language image of up-to-date physician, development of his (her) communicative influence on the patient in any situation. This aspect efficacy of the medical activity depends upon speech culture of the representatives of the given linguistic communicative profession, since this principle plays not the last role for the successful diagnostics and treatment of patients, prevention of diseases.Doctor’s ability to be skillful in using words comes into the rank of his (her) professional competence; therefore, during the process of teaching foreign languages the teachers realize medical discourse for professional purposes, which verbally determines the concept “Doctor – patient – relatives”.Results. Verbal communication of doctors, medical personnel are inseparable from their professional activity, where they use different kinds of intercourse such as exchange of opinion concerning various aspects of organizing, medicinal, preventive daily work, public intercourse ( meetings, conferences), which form integral picture of the discursive doctor’s activity as curator, interlocutor, consultant, psychologist.Conclusions. In the limits of elaboration of a modern pattern of discursive competence, the representatives of medical profession must direct the whole course of training future medical men to the teaching of the medical discourse for proper use of many-sided elements of the given linguistic phenomenon.

Bleeding in anesthesia – Warsaw, 4 March 2017

Abstract On the 4th March, 2017 in Warsaw, the 4th Educational Conference “Clotting Disorders in Practice based on Clinical Cases” took place. The topic of the meeting was “Patient on anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in case of surgical procedure”. At the conference, the latest knowledge on the effects of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in patients during perioperative period was presented. A practical guidance on treating patients based on clinical cases was demonstrated. The conference was very popular among representatives of medical professions from all over Poland.

History of hepatic surgery development

Data concerning history of hepatic surgery beginning from the Middle Ages to current days are presented. On the first stage (till XIX century), representatives of medical profession had schematic ideas on hepatic anatomy and operations on this organ were perforemed sporadically. On the second stage (first half of the XX century), segmental hepatic anatomy was established, different technical methods concerning identification of shared and segmental pedicles were offered. Planned resections of the liver began to be regularly performed in this period. Current, third stage of the surgery development was marked by the synthesis of achievements in the area of hepatic anatomy and surgery with revolutionary discoveries in high technology area, immunology, tissue compatibility and pharmacology. Such surgeries became to be possible as transplantation of the liver, broadened resections and extracorporeal interventions performed on the liver.

Narkomania jako zjawisko społeczne- historia problemu w Polsce

Narkomania jako zjawisko społeczne- historia problemu w Polsce

The measurement of voluntary health insurance coverage in the United States.

MORE THAN four billion dollars-a rate of about 11 million dollars per day-of nation's health care bill will be paid this year through voluntary health insurance programs. With more than 123 million Americans owning some form of this protection, some seven out of each ten persons in country, a significant portion of our population shares in these benefits. The statistics just cited, along with other related data on extent of voluntary health insurance coverage in United States, are published each year by Health Insurance Council. This annual survey, now in its 12th year, has generally become accepted as an authoritative source for information with respect to manner in which Americans choose to finance their health care costs. Statistics from this study are used by various government agencies to develop related research. The data have been quoted in medical, hospital, labor and industry circles, and use is often made of this information before legislative bodies. In view of prominence these data receive, it was felt that an account should he given of method employed in their development. Those engaged in medical economic research, in particular, may find technics described of use both in evaluating published results, as well as in utilizing certain phases for their own investigations. A brief history of survey is first in order. In 1946, at one of early meetings of Conference Committee on Health Insurance, predecessor of Health Insurance Council, with representatives of medical profession, insurance people spoke of the considerable extent of health insurance coverage. The doctors indicated that they had heard a lot of generalities on this subject and would like to know just how many people were covered. Out of this meeting there came an understanding that insurance industry would develop some statistical data on extent of health insurance coverage. The beginnings were, necessarily, crude. Since no single trade association, at that time, represented a significant proportion of business, United States Chamber of Commerce was asked, in 1947, to sponsor a survey of number of persons covered under individual accident and health insurance policies.' The numbers insured through group insurance programs had already been developed since 1940 by Equitable Life Assurance Society2 and, com-