Rental Apartments Research Articles

Regulating in-between (in)formality: institutionalising the private rental market in China’s urban villages

The governance of informal settlements in China – primarily urban villages – remains a persistent challenge. Recently, some urban village houses have been transformed into long-term rental apartments (LRAs). This highlights a potentially novel approach to addressing the longstanding informality issue, but how the rental market in urban villages has thus been reshaped remains unknown. Examining the case of Shenzhen’s Yuanfen Village through the lens of regulating informality, this paper reveals that (1) new renovations are facilitated by the intermediary management of LRA companies with government consent; (2) the renovation into LRAs involves a balancing process among stakeholders but leaves the illegal aspects untouched; and (3) while the renovation improves the living environment, low-income households are inevitably displaced. This study contributes to a theoretical and practical understanding of regulating informality by challenging the monolithic formal-informal dichotomy and connecting the conceptualization and materialization of continuous and dynamic property rights that enable new possibilities for effective and inclusive management of urban growth.

Physical activity from the perspective of older adults: a convergent mixed-method study

BackgroundOlder adults are insufficiently physically active, despite its importance for healthy aging. To develop appropriate physical activity interventions, it is necessary to understand their physical activity. This study applies a theoretical perspective, the COM-B model, and a mixed-method design to examine what influences older adults’ physical activity levels with three questions: (1) What individual and external factors predict older adults’ physical activity levels? (2) What do older adults perceive as influencing their levels of physical activity? (3) To what extent do the quantitative results on older adults’ physical activity levels agree and disagree with the qualitative findings on older adults’ physical activity levels?MethodsA convergent mixed-method design was used with questionnaire (n = 334) and interview (n = 14) data from adults 65 years and older. Regression analyses were used for quantitative measurements: physical activity, age, subjective socioeconomic status, health status, capability, opportunity, motivation, and depression. Content analysis was applied to the qualitative data. The two forms of data were then integrated to provide greater insights than would be obtained by either dataset separately.ResultsThe regression analyses showed that previous physical activity, current motivation, health status, and age significantly predicted older adults’ physical activity levels. The content analysis revealed that participants addressed all subcomponents of the COM-B model, indicating its pertinence in understanding how older adults discuss their current physical activity levels. The integrated findings showed convergent and divergent results. Overall results indicated that previous physical activity engagement, present motivation, capability, and opportunity influenced older adults’ physical activity levels.ConclusionsThis study is the first to use this mixed-methods design to examine factors influencing physical activity levels among older adults living in rental apartments with community hosts. The integrated result reveals convergence for findings on motivation and physical capability but divergence on psychological capability, opportunity, and previous physical activity. The findings underscore a complex interplay of factors influencing older adults’ physical activity levels and indicate relevance for the COM-B model. The results can guide future research on theoretically informed interventions to promote physical activity and healthy aging. Future research should clarify the role of opportunity for older adults’ physical activity.

An Analysis of the Socioeconomic Benefits Arising from Kubwa Rail Station in Abuja, Nigeria

The study examined socioeconomic benefits arising from the location of the rail station in Kubwa community, Abuja. The study adopted survey research, and data was collected from household heads of rented multi-tenanted apartments in Kubwa within 3km of Kubwa rail station. Structured questionnaires were used to elicit data from a sample of household heads of rented multi-tenanted apartments in Kubwa. The collected data was analysed using a weighted mean score and the Kruktal-Wallis test. In a weighted mean, factors are ranked from 1st to last position in descending order of their weighted means, such that the factor with the highest weighted mean ranks first while the one with the lowest weighted mean ranks last. This method is used for its simplicity and ease of communicating the results of the research. The study found that within a one-kilometre radius of the rail station, increased property value is the highest socioeconomic benefit derived from the rail station. Following this came cost-effectiveness, increased retail activity, and improved accessibility and connectivity. The research also revealed that increased property value is the most significant benefit within a two-kilometre radius, followed by improved accessibility, connectivity, and cost-effectiveness. Also, within a three-kilometre radius, cost-effectiveness is the highest socioeconomic benefit derived from the rail station, followed closely by improved accessibility and connectivity, and time schedule and organization. Rail stations play a crucial role in urban and regional development that extends beyond mere accessibility by catalysing a variety of socioeconomic effects in the areas they serve. Consequently, the government must place a high priority on the meticulous maintenance and upkeep of the rail infrastructure.

서울시 공동주택 공용관리비 영향요인 분석

The purpose of this study is to identify differences in common management fees depending on the various characteristics of apartment complexes and the factors affecting common management costs, and to seek improvement measures to impose appropriate management fees. The research method analyzed the common management costs of 2,574 apartments in Seoul from January to December 2022. As the number of households increases, common management costs decrease. The common management fees was lower for staircases than for hallways. The older the apartment complex, the lower the common management fee. The common management fees of a pre-sale apartment was lower than that of a rental apartment. In addition, the common management fees in the southeastern living areas was higher than in other living areas. As for the electricity rate contract, the common management fee was higher in the comprehensive contract than in the single contract. Additionally, management method, and heating method were found to have no significant effect on common management fees. The conclusion is as follows. Factors influencing common management fees have become more complex and diversified, and regional factors influencing management costs have increased. Additionally, management factors must be carefully considered.

Evaporative cooling strategy using cooling pad material made from stove wicks in walk-up flat in the humid tropical climate of Surabaya

Generally, the thermal conditions in simple flats for rent are still not within a comfortable range. There is no implementation of artificial ventilation (Air Conditioner) with adjustable air temperature, so passive strategies still need to be pursued. In this case, the strategy pursued is Direct Evaporative Cooling (DEC) system with cooling pads made from stove wicks. Experimental methods were conducted in one of the apartment buildings in Surabaya, namely Indrapura Walk-up Flat. The research results indicate that at relatively high outdoor air temperatures from 12:00 to 15:00 local time, ranging from 27.9 to 32oC, the implementation of DEC was able to reduce the air temperature by 1.94-2.08oC

Daily Rental of Residential Premises: Finding a Balance of Interests and Implementating of the Principle of Solidarity in Judicial Practice and Legislation

The article shows that despite the steady growth in demand for daily rental of residential premises, the use of apartments for designated purposes raises many questions in society, legal doctrine and judicial practice, among which is the issue of the ratio of short-term rentals and the provision of hotel services, as well as the need to ensure a balance of interests between owners of residential premises leased daily hiring, and persons permanently residing in an apartment building (neighbors) and thus implement the principle of solidarity, and protection of the right to housing at the same time as the economic efficiency of the use of living space. The authors proceed from the fact that at the moment the relations developing in connection with the daily rental of residential premises do not have a clear legal regulation, which entails the need in each specific situation to raise the question of the legal qualification of the concluded contract, and often requires judicial interpretation. Analyzing judicial practice, the draft law with the proposed amendments, as well as the doctrine, the authors conclude that when qualifying a contract mediating the transfer of an apartment for daily rent, the differentiation should primarily occur based on the intention to create a sufficiently stable connection with the place of residence. Some ways are proposed to ensure a balance between the interests of the owners of apartments for rent, on the one hand, and neighbors, on the other hand. In conclusion, it is summed up that this problem requires a thoughtful and adequate response from the legislator, and the hope is expressed that in the new law and the judicial practice that develops on its basis, it will be possible to ensure a balance of interests and implement the principle of solidarity.

Effectiveness of Rental Apartment Management in Mariso Sub-District, Makassar City

Effectiveness of Rental Apartment Management in Mariso Sub-District, Makassar City

What are tenants demanding the most? A machine learning approach for the prediction of time on market

PurposeThis is the first article to apply a machine learning approach to the analysis of time on market on real estate markets.Design/methodology/approachThe random survival forest approach is introduced to the real estate market. The most important predictors of time on market are revealed and it is analyzed how the survival probability of residential rental apartments responds to these major characteristics.FindingsResults show that price, living area, construction year, year of listing and the distances to the next hairdresser, bakery and city center have the greatest impact on the marketing time of residential apartments. The time on market for an apartment in Munich is lowest at a price of 750 € per month, an area of 60 m2, built in 1985 and is in a range of 200–400 meters from the important amenities.Practical implicationsThe findings might be interesting for private and institutional investors to derive real estate investment decisions and implications for portfolio management strategies and ultimately to minimize cash-flow failure.Originality/valueAlthough machine learning algorithms have been applied frequently on the real estate market for the analysis of prices, its application for examining time on market is completely novel. This is the first paper to apply a machine learning approach to survival analysis on the real estate market.

Design and Construction of a Multi-User Prepaid Meter

The Nigerian government has used prepaid metering for nearly two decades to eliminate post-paid and estimated billing system. There is no doubt that this billing system has benefited house owners who do not have renters as well as a few persons who have the advantage of knowing the exact number of prepaid meters for their apartments. Those living in rental apartments, on the other hand, experience the identical problem with postpaid when a single prepaid meter is divided among inhabitants. Sharing a single prepayment frequently violates the aim of prepaid metering because individual use cannot be reliably tracked. To address the issue of sharing, a unique type of prepaid meter that can handle multiple users on a single prepaid is required. As a result, this study proposes a multi-user prepaid meter that completely prevent conflicts that arise from the sharing of prepaid meters. A prototype for four users was planned and built around Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) technology for individual user identification; a quasi-current sensor to measure energy usage and an Arduino Uno microcontroller ATmega 328p to manage the activities of the system. From the process of recharging to the display unit and other aspects that permit remote transaction of the device, the designed multi-user prepaid energy monitoring system functions well. To address the demand for unmetered houses across the country, the prepaid meter could be mass produced. Considering the different obstacles people have as a result of the low distribution of prepaid meters, this multi-user prepaid meter will undoubtedly be a promising technology to suit Nigerians' demands while also eliminating potential problems with prepaid meter sharing.

Rusunawa as an Urban Living Space: Sociospatial Perspective

This research examines the factors influencing Low-Cost Rental Flats (Rusunawa) residents to settle for extended periods in Jakarta. Previous studies have focused on the satisfaction levels of Rusunawa residents in remaining permanent tenants to sustain their livelihoods. Such an approach overlooks the issue that the development of Rusunawa has been merely targeted towards the quantity of Rusunawa and the physical completeness of the building, neglecting other non-physical factors that encourage Rusunawa residents to settle in these flats. We argue that the residents' comfort in residing in Rusunawa for prolonged durations is influenced by non-physical factors (social, cultural, economic, and political) that form a socio-spatial environment conducive for the flat residents. Gottdiener's (2015) socio-spatial approach supports the idea that signs and symbols of urban communities have become the identity for various urban issues arising from industrialization. This study was conducted in Rusunawa Sindang Koja, North Jakarta, and managed by Perum Perumnas. It employed a mixed-method research approach with data collection through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. The research findings indicate that non-physical factors such as social, economic, and cultural play a crucial role in an individual's decision to reside in Rusunawa, with the presence of family and social relationships being the primary determinants.

Affordability of rental apartments in Poland in comparison to selected European Union countries

Affordability of rental apartments in Poland in comparison to selected European Union countries

ANALYSIS OF SHARED SPACES AND CORRIDOR SPACES EFFECTIVENESS RUSUNAWA GANDA MAGHFIRAH BANJARMASIN CITY

Rusunawa or rental flats have become a solution to the problem of increasing housing needs each year accompanied by land prices that continue to soar. As time goes by, the solution is not meant to be always successful. Social problems arise when residents need help interacting in the yard, street or small alley like they used to live in horizontal housing. Residents of flats lose their interaction spaces because the communal spaces that have been planned haven’t yet functioned optimally. This research uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method, namely translating observational data and interview data into a description that can be better understood. The condition found was that residents used the corridor for access to each unit as a shared space, causing a narrowing of access to the corridor. Residents utilize planned and unplanned shared spaces for social interaction between residents. The use of space has produced shared spatial patterns, namely patterns with high intensity and patterns with low intensity.

Analysis of Groundwater Quality in Rental Flats use Physical and Chemical Parameters

The purpose of this study was to determine the physical and chemical quality of the groundwater in the Jerakah flats area and to determine the feasibility of the water as drinking water. This research was physically carried out by analyzing groundwater samples from the rented flats of the Jerakah sub-district based on the physical parameters of the air, including taste, color, smell, temperature, turbidity, and dissolved solids (TDS) as well as chemical parameters consisting of the degree of acidity. (pH), Nitrate Content (NO3-), Nitrite (NO2-), Hardness (CaCO3), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn), Sulfate (SO42-), Cadmium (Cd), and Chromium (Cr). The results showed that the groundwater in the Jerakah flats had a normal pH, colorless, tasteless, odorless, low turbidity, and high dissolved solids (TDS). The levels of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and hardness are below the maximum hygienic sanitary limits. Manganese (Mn), Cadmium (Mn), Lead (Pb) levels exceed the maximum limit for drinking water. The groundwater in the Jerakah flat is suitable for use for hygienic sanitation, such as bathing and washing, but not suitable for drinking.

UPDATE OF REGULATORY DOCUMENTATION FOR RENTAL HOUSING DESIGN

The article considers proposals for making specific changes to regulatory documents that are necessary at the current stage.
 The rental housing market for temporary residence is a way to solve the problem of providing citizens with housing. Moreover, at this stage, this problem is actualized in connection with the war, destruction and displacement of a large number of citizens. Analysis of the current regulatory framework has shown that there is currently a discrepancy between regulatory requirements and restrictions to the real needs of life. The following regulatory restrictions in the design and operation of rental housing are considered: time of insolation of residential premises; level of building density; the possibility of integrating public infrastructure and creating multifunctional complexes.
 Currently, the Law of Ukraine "On Rental Housing" has been adopted in the first reading. In general, this Law has not yet been adopted. According to the draft Law, rental housing can be located both in separate buildings and in multi-functional complexes. But it is also necessary to bring to public discussion the norm, which is laid down in this draft of the Law "On Rental Housing", that residential premises or rental apartments cannot be purchased by residents as their own property. Although, for the development of this type of housing, it would be reasonable to provide the tenant with the opportunity to buy the housing over time, that is, to allow the processes of operational leasing with these apartments - renting housing with purchase. It was this opportunity that could become the impetus for highlighting regulatory requirements for expanding the typological range of housing for temporary residence.
 The existing regulatory framework of Ukraine does not define "Rental housing" as a separate typological unit.
 At the same time, the functional purpose of housing for temporary residence includes such premises as residential apartments, apart-hotels, hotel apartments and others - public buildings.
 The class of residential buildings, according to the norms, includes only such type of individual accommodation as dormitories, with the definition of separate regulatory restrictions and requirements for this type.
 So, the task at the moment is to include in the regulatory framework of Ukraine exactly this type of buildings, such as rental residential buildings.

Changing roles of the state in the development of long-term rental apartments under a transitional housing regime in China

Long-term rental apartments (LRAs) are booming in Chinese megacities in recent years, largely facilitated by various forms of state intervention in the private rental sector. Focusing on the state’s endeavours in promoting LRA development and incorporating it into the affordable rental housing scheme nationwide, this study explores the changing roles of the state in two stages of LRA development through the conceptual lens of housing regime. Drawing on a comprehensive policy analysis and a field investigation in Beijing, our major findings are threefold. First, two stages of LRA development—market-led under state supervision (from 2015 to 2019) and state-led development (after 2019) are identified, in which highly responsive state interventions were introduced to cope with the housing affordability crisis and maintain social stability. Second, the role of the state shifted from a facilitator to an active participant with the deepening involvement of state-owned enterprises in the rental housing market. Third, a transitional housing regime shifting from a productivist regime to a developmental regime is underway to achieve different socioeconomic goals. This study enriches our conceptual and empirical understanding of the latest episode of housing and land policies in response to the volatile political and socioeconomic climate by introducing a transitional housing regime in urban China.

Extracting real estate values of rental apartment floor plans using graph convolutional networks

Access graphs that indicate adjacency relationships from the perspective of flow lines of rooms are extracted automatically from a large number of floor plan images of a family-oriented rental apartment complex in Osaka Prefecture, Japan, based on a recently proposed access graph extraction method with slight modifications. We define and implement a graph convolutional network (GCN) for access graphs and propose a model to estimate the real estate value of access graphs as the floor plan value. The model, which includes the floor plan value and hedonic method using other general explanatory variables, is used to estimate rents, and their estimation accuracies are compared. In addition, the features of the floor plan that explain the rent are analyzed from the learned convolution network. The results show that the proposed method significantly improves the accuracy of rent estimation compared to that of conventional models, and it is possible to understand the specific spatial configuration rules that influence the value of a floor plan by analyzing the learned GCN.

Apartament z widokiem na apartament z widokiem. Współczesny rozwój bazy noclegowej w powiecie tatrzańskim z perspektywy lokalnej społeczności

An apartment with a view of an apartment with a view: Contemporary development of accommodation facilities in Tatra County from the perspective of the local community The rapid growth in the number of individual tourist trips to the towns and villages of Podhale, observed nowadays in combination with changes in visitor preferences, in particular the growing share of short stays, higher expectations in terms of standards offered by accommodation facilities and a greater interest in renting separate apartments, coincides with the growing demand for properties to be purchased in tourist resorts in Poland for investment purposes. These processes trigger the expansion of accommodation opportunities, particularly by increasing the number of facilities that offer apartments: houses for rent, self-catering apartment buildings, and aparthotels. Recognising the new trends in the development of accommodation facilities in Tatra County that lead to spatial, social, and economic changes, a study was carried out, aiming to: 1) verify the availability of accommodation facilities, in particular including the scale of the phenomenon of apartment rental of apartments (the data were obtained from available statistical and spatial databases, a field inventory and the Booking.com website), and 2) examine the problems caused by the contemporary development of the accommodation infrastructure in local communities (the data were obtained during interviews with representatives of local communities, n = 74). The study demonstrated well-developed accommodation facilities in Tatra County, characterised by uneven spatial distribution, a large share of informally operating facilities and a rich offer of apartments for rent. The development of accommodation facilities, triggered by mechanisms of the free market, helps to satisfy the fluctuating tourist demand, and consequently to maintain the economic function of tourism in the region. However, on the other hand, it causes numerous spatial and social conflicts. In particular, it leads to excessive intensification of development, dwindling of landscape values, and destruction of cultural heritage (including the vanishing of traditional architecture). Furthermore, it may result in reduced availability of accommodation facilities operated by local residents, as well as in tourism gentrification of Zakopane and loss of the traditional highland character of villages of the Podhale region.

PERANCANGAN RUMAH SUSUN SEDERHANA SEWA (RUSUNAWA)KOTA GORONTALO DENGAN PENDEKATAN ARSITEKTUR PERILAKU

Population density in Indonesia is still a serious problem that has not been resolved to date. migration and urbanization carried out by people from year to year which has an impact on the density of urban areas in certain areas. Seeing that the current condition of the city is no longer possible to build large houses for those who live in urban areas, this is the main reason why it is important to design simple rental flats (Rusunawa) in Gorontalo City using a behavioral architecture approach. The methods used in this research are planning, design and descriptive methods. The sample in this research is site analysis, building plan concepts based on real field data taken from survey samples. The result of this design is the arrangement of outdoor space and spatial planning on the basis of behavior. Simple Rental Flats in Gorontalo City are designed to reduce the negative impact of the spread of slum settlements, changing people's lifestyles is important in environmental planning in Gorontalo City. The main objective of the research on the Rusunawa design itself is to produce housing that accommodates the lives of people with below average economic standards and improves the living environment of the city of Gorontalo which is becoming increasingly slum as time goes by.

An income-distributional analysis of the rent control subsidy

AbstractRent control measures are typically in place to assist low-income households and decrease segregation. Yet, there is little empirical research on the social impact of such policies and specifically the role of how rent-controlled apartments are allocated. This study analyzes the income-distributional effects of rent control with a novel dataset that includes characteristics of those who received rent-controlled apartments between 2011 and 2016 in central Stockholm, Sweden. Specifically, this paper provides analysis of the impact of allocating apartments through a centrally managed queue with apartments from both public and private landlords. To quantify the rent subsidy, we estimate hypothetical market rents by taking the owner-occupied market as a point of deviation. We find a positive relationship between the rent subsidy and time in que. Apartments in the fourth quartile of subsidy require on average 21 years in que, while those in the first quartile require 10 years on average. There is considerably heterogeneity in the level of rent subsidy, and tenant income. Even as allocating through queuing should benefit high-income households less than allocation based on landlord preferences, we find several regressive effects. Controlling for time in queue, we find that tenants in the fourth quartile of annual income receive monthly rent subsidies that are substantially higher than renters in the first quartile of income. Similarly, rental apartments in the fourth quartile of the subsidy have older tenants with substantially higher incomes compared to less subsidized apartments. The regressive effect is driven by high earners renting larger apartments with larger absolute subsidies and being able to wait longer in queue.

청계천에서 난지도로

During the 1970s, the urban underclass of Seoul underwent significant displacement. This displacement took place within the city and was mainly due to semi-forced evictions from unauthorized dwellings and large-scale urban redevelopment initiatives. The government policies and construction capital interests created a perception of the redevelopment primarily as forced demolitions and top-down development. However, these transformations were underpinned by significant institutional and technological changes. Aerial photography, for example, facilitated the institutionalisation of spatial and ownership information. Through this transformation driven by technology, demolishing unauthorized housing became a systematic and feasible enforcement measure. The urban poor were unable to afford the newly constructed rental apartments after the demolitions. The simultaneous demolition of deprived areas across Seoul worsened their displacement. Individuals searched for shelter in inadequate housing clusters which became legalised after 1971. For those who were unable to afford these dwellings, unauthorised areas like Nanjido presented themselves as the only option. The displacement of the urban underclass was essentially due to a significant wave of demolitions and development. The institutionalisation of spatial data through aerial photography played a crucial role in implementing the clearance of unauthorised housing. The urban poor had no other choice but to move to areas where spatial information is not available. This highlights how socially vulnerable people are excluded from certain areas based on their location. Moreover, it underscores the passive resistance of the urban poor towards aggressive and authoritarian development.