Renewable Research Articles

Development of a robust and sustainable regional demography-based demand management technique

This paper presents a robust and sustainable energy management system driven by regional demographic patterns developed using fuzzy logic and mixed integer linear programming (MILP). This method detects and integrates variations in the energy use patterns of urban and rural communities attaining improved efficiency in the management of regional power demand. The detection and integration of the urban and rural energy use patterns were done by combining period partitioning based regional time of use tariff and fuzzy based appliance level renewable resource allocation to develop a function to be optimized using an improved MILP which provides users with the optimum schedule of appliance usage based on their demographic classification. The effectiveness of the proposed method was tested by running MATLAB simulations of different scenarios emulating continuous regional renewable integration planning with urban and rural power consumption profiles generated using LoadProGen. The proposed method’s effectiveness is confirmed by the achievement of a reduction upto 31% in the community energy cost as well as significant reduction in the energy costs of each participant over different scenarios compared to the unoptimized base case. The proposed method can be effectively utilized in energy management applications catering to multiregional and mixed demographic communities.

Nexus of clean energy internet with energy poverty and health: Evidence from China.

Nexus of clean energy internet with energy poverty and health: Evidence from China.

Integrated Analysis of Hempcrete Brick as a Bioclimatic Building Material for Sustainable Construction

The construction industry is undergoing a paradigm shift toward sustainable and energy-efficient building practices, with growing emphasis on bioclimatic design and the use of eco-friendly materials. Hempcrete, a bio-composite made from the inner woody core of the hemp plant and a lime-based binder, has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional masonry materials. This study presents an integrated analysis of hempcrete brick, evaluating its suitability as a bioclimatic building material for sustainable construction. The research investigates the thermal performance, hygroscopic behavior, mechanical properties, and environmental impact of hempcrete through both experimental and analytical methods. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used to quantify the material's carbon footprint, while thermal conductivity and thermal inertia are assessed to determine its effectiveness in passive temperature regulation. The results demonstrate that hempcrete offers excellent insulation, moisture regulation, and a significantly reduced environmental impact compared to traditional bricks, making it a viable option for bioclimatic architecture. This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge supporting the adoption of natural and renewable materials in sustainable building design.

FLOOR TILE ENERGY HARVESTER: DESIGN STRATEGIES, PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Developing nations face formidable challenges in the realm of energy generation. Leveraging renewable energy resources emerges as a strategic solution to address this energy crisis. Footstep energy conversion, although a technology in its nascent stage in certain developing regions, holds great promise for electricity generation. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate analyses of the underlying mechanisms for energy extraction, specific design considerations, advancements in prototypes, ongoing implementation initiatives, and the economic dimensions associated with various footstep energy harvesting technologies. The structure of footstep power generation proves to be an economical and reasonable energy solution for individuals in common settings. Its applicability spans numerous uses in rural areas where power availability is scarce or entirely absent. By harnessing energy from non-renewable sources, footstep power generation becomes invaluable for locations without conventional power infrastructure. Its efficacy extends to all roads and various footstep applications, contributing significantly to the generation of unconventional energy such as electricity. 19 journals have been reviewed in terms of design, product development, and performance analysis.

Development of Green Libraries: An Overview

Abstract :- The green Library, also known as a sustainable library, represent a contemporary library model that prioritizes the utilization of natural resources in an environmentally friendly manner. This approach emphasizes the use of renewable resources, minimizes reliance on non-renewable resources, and aims to reduce pollution while lowering maintenance costs for libraries. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the principles underlying green or sustainable libraries. Currently, many developing countries are transitioning from traditional library systems to green library frameworks. The concept of the green library emerged in the 1990s, and awareness of its benefits has been steadily increasing worldwide. This article explores the concept of the green library, its objectives and characteristics, and reviews recent literature on its key components. Keywords :- Green library, Sustainable library, Green library systems, Natural resources, Concept of green library and Libraries and Green librarianship.

Development of Hybrid Power Generation System Using Solar and Wind Energy

Electricity is one of the most important things for our daily lives in today's technology-driven environment. We are all unaware of the reality that renewable energy sources are exhausting at a breakneck pace. So it's time to switch our attention from conventional to unconventional energy sources in order to generate electricity. When compared to traditional sources, nonconventional sources produce less electricity overall. The environment is not harmed by the use of renewable resources. In essence, a solar-wind hybrid system combines a solar energy plant with a wind energy plant. It will contribute to ensuring a steady supply of power. The hybrid system can be applied to both household and commercial settings. Solar-wind hybrid structures are essentially a combination of wind and sun power flowers. The main rotor shaft of horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs) is a particular design of wind turbine. One benefit of this configuration is that solar panels and generators can both be installed near to the ground, creating a hybrid system. This electricity can be used for a variety of things. At a reasonable price, electricity will be generated. The goal of this project is to generate electricity from two sources simultaneously at a low cost without endangering the delicate balance of nature.

Distributed Intelligence for smart grid management: Architectures, applications, and future

The modern energy landscape is undergoing a significant transformation with the advent of smart grids, characterized by enhanced monitoring, control, and integration of renewable energy sources. This article explores a comprehensive exploration of intelligent smart grid management, emphasizing the crucial role of distributed systems and Artificial Intelligence. It delves into the foundational architecture of distributed systems, including sensor networks, communication infrastructure, and the synergistic integration of edge and cloud computing, which enables real-time data exchange and processing. The article explores the transformative applications of AI algorithms in predicting energy demand, detecting faults proactively, optimizing energy distribution, and enhancing cybersecurity and asset management. Recognizing the sensitive nature of energy consumption data, various privacy-preserving architectures and techniques are discussed to ensure data security while enabling advanced analytics. Furthermore, key challenges in the implementation of these technologies are identified, alongside the significant opportunities they offer for improved energy efficiency, grid reliability, and the integration of renewable resources. Finally, emerging trends like blockchain integration, advanced AI models, autonomous grid management, and digital twins are explored, highlighting the transformative potential of distributed intelligence in shaping a more efficient, resilient, and sustainable energy future.

Use of water supply for microgeneration of electricity in buildings and residential

Microgeneration of electricity through the use of renewable sources has established itself as a viable alternative for reducing energy costs and promoting sustainability, especially in residential and building environments. The generation of energy from water supplies, particularly in places with adequate pressure systems, appears to be promising. Microgeneration of hydroelectric power can be implemented on a small scale, leveraging the pressure of the water used to supply buildings or residences. The use of water supplies to generate electricity is an ecological alternative, since it does not require large reservoirs or environmental transformations, and represents a more efficient way of using the infrastructure proposed by sustainable civil construction. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility and viability of producing sufficient electrical energy using energy from the water supply in buildings and residences. The implementation of the system proposed in this work demonstrates to be possible and feasible in some cases and meets the aforementioned perspectives, especially when the system is correctly dimensioned in locations where the minimum dynamic pressure offered is approximately 50 mca, as this is how a significant amount of power is generated.

OCEAN ENERGY HARVESTING IN MEXICO: LESSONS LEARNED

The over-exploitation of fossil fuels has caused serious damage to coastal ecosystems. However, despite the many and varied potential sources of renewable energy in Mexico, harnessing them is limited by: the heavy reliance of the economy on fossil fuels; the simplicity and low costs involved in exploiting fossil resources, given existing infrastructure; the lack of information and knowledge concerning the exploitation of renewable energy sources; the limited research capacity and the high costs involved in developing competitive technologies for sustainable energy production, which means a significant dependence on patient investment; and the very strict social and environmental requirements which are often placed for energy harvesting from renewable sources. The main achievements of CEMIE-Océano have been: national integration of 42 institutions and companies in collaborations, with over 800 people participating to date; training and specialization of human resources; strengthening relations between academia and industry; promotion of innovation and technology transfer; solidifying and expanding scientific and technological research capacities, as well as promoting collaboration with companies in the energy sector, and; developing a portfolio of specific projects.

Optimization of the Mechanical and Structural Performance of Bamboo by Microwave–Compression as a Function of Moisture Content

Bamboo, a renewable resource, has broad applications in construction, furniture, and other sectors. However, its dimensional stability and mechanical properties under varying humidity conditions pose challenges. This study aims to investigate the effects of microwave–compression treatment on the mechanical properties, water resistance, and chemical composition of bamboo at various moisture contents, and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these changes. In the experiment, bamboo samples with moisture contents of 10%, 30%, and 50% were subjected to microwave–compression, and their mechanical properties, water resistance, chemical composition, and microstructure were subsequently analyzed. The results indicate that bamboo with low moisture content (10%) exhibited the best modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR), while bamboo with higher moisture contents (30% and 50%) showed significant declines in mechanical properties, although dimensional stability improved. Chemical analysis revealed that microwave–compression treatment resulted in the reorganization of lignin and hemicellulose, enhancing the chemical stability of bamboo, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated an increase in crystallinity at higher moisture contents. Overall, the study demonstrates that microwave–compression treatment can optimize the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of bamboo, particularly with moderate moisture contents. The results show that microwave–compression treatment can improve the structural performance of bamboo, especially under low-humidity conditions.

From Natural to Industrial: How Biocoagulants Can Revolutionize Wastewater Treatment

The environmental impacts of industrial processes have increased the demand for sustainable alternatives in wastewater treatment. Conventional chemical coagulants, though widely used, can generate toxic residues and pose environmental and health risks. Biocoagulants, derived from natural and renewable sources, offer a biodegradable and eco-friendly alternative. This review explores their potential to replace synthetic coagulants by analyzing their origins, mechanisms of action, and applications. A total of 15 studies published between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed, all focused on industrial wastewater. These studies demonstrated that biocoagulants can achieve similar, or the superior, removal of turbidity (>67%), solids (>83%), and heavy metals in effluents from food, textile, metallurgical, and paper industries. While raw materials are often inexpensive, processing costs may increase production expenses. However, life cycle assessments suggest long-term advantages due to reduced sludge and environmental impact. A textile industry case study showed a 25% sludge reduction and improved biodegradability using a plant-based biocoagulant compared to aluminum sulfate. Transforming this waste into inputs for wastewater treatment not only reduces negative impacts from disposal but also promotes integrated environmental management aligned with circular economy and cleaner production principles. The review concludes that biocoagulants constitute a viable and sustainable alternative for industrial wastewater treatment.

Research on Foundation Construction Technology for High-Altitude Wind Farms

Energy and environmental challenges are critical issues requiring urgent resolution for human survival and development. In recent years, wind energy, as a renewable and clean resource, has garnered significant attention from governments, energy experts, and environmental organizations worldwide. With its pollution-free nature, short construction cycles, flexible investment, and minimal land footprint, wind energy demonstrates remarkable economic and social benefits. This study focuses on a wind farm project in Jiangxi Province, analyzing existing challenges and construction techniques for turbine foundations, and explores key technical considerations for high-altitude wind farm foundation construction, offering practical guidance for similar projects.

Optimising urban lighting efficiency with IoT and LoRaWAN integration in smart street lighting systems

The integration of the Internet of Things (IoT) into smart city frameworks ushers in new opportunities for merging and enhancing diverse services, enabling seamless connectivity across multiple application domains. This paper presents the LoRaWAN-IoT-SSLS, an advanced automated streetlight control system that leverages IoT technology to achieve substantial energy savings and minimise the need for manual intervention. By employing LoRaWAN as the sensor network backbone, the system effectively addresses challenges related to long-range data transmission in IoT applications. The setup integrates a programmed Arduino board with PIR and LDR sensors, a GPS module, a LoRa shield, and a LoRaWAN gateway. The system is powered by a monocrystalline solar panel with a solar charger shield and battery and utilises LED lights for illumination. These components collectively enable automated switching and adaptive brightness control based on real-time environmental conditions, optimising energy use and enhancing safety. The system's performance was validated across distances up to 1000 m, maintaining stable operation with SNR values ranging from 9.8 to 1.5 dB and reliable RSSI levels, demonstrating robust communication and monitoring capabilities. Real-time status updates are visualised through the TagoIO platform, allowing for continuous remote management. The deployment of LoRaWAN-IoT-SSLS has the potential to significantly reduce electricity consumption and CO2 emissions by harnessing renewable energy resources. By activating lighting only when pedestrians or vehicles are detected and dimming or turning off when no presence is sensed, the system demonstrates superior performance over conventional models. This scalable and secure solution lays the groundwork for future innovations in smart urban infrastructure, setting new benchmarks for energy-efficient city lighting.

Green Electrochemical Sensor for Simultaneous Determination of Linagliptin and Dapagliflozin Using Renewable Carbon Dots

Abstract This study presents a novel electrochemical sensor for simultaneously determining of co-formulated antidiabetic drugs, dapagliflozin (DPG) and linagliptin (LNG) via a carbon paste electrode modified with carbon dots (CDs) prepared from a renewable green source. The carbon dots, derived from avocado peels, were electrodeposited onto the carbon paste to enhance the kinetics of electron transport and the electroactive surface area. Optimization of the electrodeposition parameters is achieved with a limit of detection 3.24 µM, and 2.7 µM, within a range from 1.0×10-5 to 0.36 ×10-3 M and 1.0×10-5 to 0.2×10-3 M for LNG and DPG, respectively. The study highlights the environmental sustainability of a voltammetric electrode, evaluated through green analytical tools like Analytical greenness (AGREE). This approach underscores the potential of green-sourced carbon dots in advancing electroanalytical methods in the field of pharmaceutical analysis.

Populus salicinoids: A thriving subfield in the -omics era.

Members of the salicaceous genus Populus are primarily used by plant biologists as a model system for understanding the genetic underpinnings of woody plant growth and development. Beyond their importance to those conducting developmental research, Populus spp. are key members of ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere and show promise as a vital renewable source of biomass for sustainable biofuel production. This genus also produces a class of signature herbivore-deterring and medicinally significant phenolic glycosides, commonly referred to as salicinoids. Although salicinoids in Populus are primarily associated with defense against biotic disturbances, they have also been implicated in structuring the chemotaxonomy of Populus and Salicaceae, shaping endophytic microbiomes, directing abiotic stress responses, and participating in primary metabolism. Despite advancements in understanding these interactions through functional genomics and biotechnological techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9, much about their function and biosynthesis still remains obfuscated. Here, we summarize a global view of progress made in Populus salicinoid research, focusing particularly on studies conducted through a biotechnological lens, to elucidate the distribution, ecological significance, and biosynthesis of these compounds.

Mustum (extracted grape juice) - Assisted Green Synthesis of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles: Evaluation of Phase, Vibrational, Morphological, and Thermal Properties

Environmentally friendly green chemical techniques for nanomaterial synthesis employing non-toxic chemicals and renewable resources have received interest. The green chemical method was adopted to synthesize metal oxide nanoparticles to study their physicochemical properties. XRD was used for crystallite size, lattice characteristics, and phase purity. XRD analysis confirmed that the metal oxide nanoparticles produced are single-phase cubic (NiO and Co3O4) and monoclinic (CuO) with 25–35 nm crystallite diameters. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has been used to study functional groups and chemical bonding on metal oxide nanoparticle surfaces. A detected peak between 600 and 400 cm-1 indicates Metal-Oxygen in the synthesized metal oxide nanoparticles. FESEM and TEM were used to investigate nanomaterials' surface morphology, particle size, and shape at high resolution. TGA was used to evaluate metal oxide nanoparticle heat stability and degradation. Two large weight losses at 100°C and above 550°C suggest water and other sample constituents are eliminated. The antibacterial study shows good efficacy in Co3O4. The results demonstrate that synthesized nanoparticles can be used in many functional applications.

Crystal Violet Dye Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Corn Silks as an Environmentally Friendly Adsorbent

As today’s world faces a crucial water crisis due to increased population and associated development, finding alternative and renewable resources has become necessary. Adsorption is a simple and effective process; when biowaste is applied for this purpose, a reasonable solution is proposed in terms of economical and influential sectors. In the present work, corn silks, usually considered useless, were used to remove the crystal violet dye from a simulated aqueous solution. Different experimental parameters were investigated: solution pH and temperature, adsorbent dose, mixing speed, adsorbate concentration, and contact time. The corn silks were characterized via the SEM microscope, while the chemical functional groups were analyzed using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra analysis. The theoretical calculations of adsorption isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics were considered to comprehend adsorption nature. The results revealed that as the solution pH reached normality, the highest adsorption removal rate was achieved. After 70 min contact time, the adsorption capacity at a pH of 6.5 was 6.44 mg/g, and the removal rate was 95.5%. Furthermore, the temperature effect test and thermodynamic study showed that the adsorption process was endothermic. However, the adsorption removal rate increased by increasing the adsorbent dose and agitation speed to a certain contact time, and then all became analogous. The dye concentration showed identical behavior, indicating the high adsorption tendency of corn silks. Lastly, the best-fit isotherm and kinetic models were the Freundlich and Pseudo second-order models, respectively.

Enhancing Human-AI Collaboration through a Conversational Agent for Energy Efficiency

Among the many scenarios where humans and AI agents can collaborate, Energy Efficiency (EE) is one where such collaboration could most effectively contribute to the goal of net zero emissions, while also reducing costs and improving comfort. In this context, new AI solutions can support customers in making their energy consumption more efficient and aligned with renewable sources. In this work, we investigate the strengths and challenges of Human-AI Collaboration by proposing an AI-based Conversational Agent whose inspiration principles are derived from the theories of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI). It is specifically designed to augment users' capabilities in achieving EE by providing them with recommendations and practical tips. The Agent uses a Knowledge Graph (KG) trained on domain-specific energy-related documents, coupled with a RAG (Retrieval Augmented Generation) architecture to ensure factual accuracy, source accountability, fairness, and transparency. By tailoring responses to users' profiles and preferences, the system prioritizes human needs and values while addressing perceptions of technological usability and acceptability. The Agent is validated in a real-world application scenario with international customers, with the aim to test content accuracy and adaptation to the user context and uncertainties. The results show the effectiveness of the system in fostering Human-AI Collaboration for EE.

Materials and Device Engineering Perspective: Recent Advances in Organic Photovoltaics.

Solar energy is the most promising and ultimate renewable energy resource, and silicon photovoltaic technology has gone through exciting growth globally. Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) provide solar energy solutions for application scenarios different from existing PV technologies. The organic PV technology, with the synergetic progress in the past decades, has now reached 20% power conversion efficiency (PCE), which has the potential to empower serious new applications using the unique features of OPV-light weight, colorful, semitransparent, flexibility, etc. The concise review focuses on recent device engineering progress in OPV technologies. The background of OPV devices and materials, especially recent nonfullerene acceptors, will first be presented; then, in the recent device engineering progress, the focus will be on active layer engineering to control the morphology of OPV, leading to recent 19%-20% efficiency. The parallel progress in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) and sequential layer-by-layer approaches will be summarized. The transparent OPV (TOPV) devices are of great interest with unique features and provide the broadest design space among all solar technologies. This work reviews the TOPV progress covering the active layer and transparent optical structure designs. The future research directions in OPV are discussed with perspective.

Enhancing Island Energy Resilience: Optimized Networked Microgrids for Renewable Integration and Disaster Preparedness

Island communities that depend on mainland grid connections face substantial risks when natural disasters sever undersea or overhead cables, often resulting in long-lasting outages. This paper presents a comprehensive and novel two-part methodological framework for enhancing the resilience of these communities through networked microgrids that interconnect local renewable energy resources and battery storage. The framework integrates techno-economic capacity optimization using HOMER Pro with agent-based simulation in AnyLogic to determine cost-effective solar and storage capacities and to model dynamic real-time dispatch under varying conditions. Six island communities across three Indonesian provinces serve as illustrative case studies, tested under best-case and worst-case disruption scenarios that reflect seasonal extremes of solar availability. Simulation results reveal that isolated expansions of PV and battery storage can ensure critical residential loads, though certain islands with limited resources continue to experience shortfalls. By contrast, networked microgrids enable surplus power transfers between islands, significantly reducing unmet demand and alleviating the need for large-scale, individual storage. These findings demonstrate the significant potential of clustered microgrid designs to improve reliability, lower operational costs, and facilitate secure energy supply even during prolonged cable outages. The proposed framework offers a scalable roadmap for deploying resilient microgrid clusters in remote regions, with direct policy implications for system planners and local stakeholders seeking to leverage renewable energy in high-risk environments.