Renewable Energy Power Supply Research Articles

Unlocking Economic Growth: Harnessing Renewable Energy to Mitigate Load Shedding in Southern Africa

The continuous rise in load shedding has remained one of the significant challenges in Southern African countries, even though the region is endowed with vast renewable energy potentials. The peak period of load shedding amounts to more than a 10 GW supply-demand gap and results in the electricity grid being offline for massive swaths of the population for several hours daily. Consequently, many corporations and entrepreneurs who could not afford the high cost of backup generators have continued to suffer losses in their day-to-day business transactions. However, renewable energy is a potential technology that could improve the constant electricity supply for industries, commercial, residential, and business models. This study examines the impact and opportunities of renewable energy power supply on businesses in Southern Africa from 2000 to 2023, employing the time series and multilinear variant models. The results infer that reducing the length of electricity failures by 1% would improve the incomes of the business owners by 0.16 million USD. Moreover, about 29% of electricity in these regions is used in residential areas while industry shares about 54%. South Africa records the highest average energy consumption rate of 3.64×105 TJ, accounting for 64%, followed by Zimbabwe at 1.3×104 TJ, accounting for 53% in the industry. Besides analysing the opportunities, likely policy considerations the government should attempt to allow the transition to renewable energy are also described. The study's implications comprise the need for the authorities to consider subsidising the cost of renewable energy technology.

Research on Directional Elements of Two-Terminal Weak-Feed AC Systems with a Negative Sequence Control Strategy

It has become a typical scenario in power systems that renewable energy power supply is connected to an AC system through flexible DC transmission. However, since both sides of the AC line are power electronic converters, the negative sequence suppression strategy will be put into the converters at both ends during the asymmetric fault, which causes fundamental changes in the fault characteristics of the system, which is reflected in the two-terminal weak-feed characteristics, leading to the decline of traditional protection performance and affecting the safe operation of the system. Therefore, this paper presents a directional element of a double-ended weakly fed AC system with a negative sequence control strategy. Firstly, the characteristics of the negative sequence impedance under the negative sequence suppression strategy are analyzed when the AC line has asymmetric faults. Secondly, the difference in negative sequence impedance amplitude is analyzed. Finally, the direction element is constructed by the method of de-wave trend analysis The proposed scheme can realize the rapid identification of fault directions at both ends. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is suitable for a two-terminal weak-feed AC system and can operate reliably under 300 Ω transition resistance and 20 dB noise interference.

Cost-efficient microgeneration renewable energy provision dimensioning for sustainable 5G heterogeneous network

The deployment of mobile networks has imposed an urgent requirement for the pursuit of low-carbon communication infrastructures. The increasing energy consumption of mobile networks has brought about challenges of techno-economic and environmental sustainability. Renewable energy-enabled mobile networks have received a lot of attention due to their capability to evade greenhouse gas emissions and easy availability. Microgeneration-based renewable energy provision is a feasible and effective solution for 5G networks. Dimensioning of microgeneration renewable energy power supply is an essential issue to make the system operate for a long period cost-effectively with a minimum amount of grid energy consumption. For effective deployment of microgeneration renewable energy system, it is essential to provision it with adequate PV panel capacity and storage devices. This work attempts to identify the cost-effective, energy-efficient, and emissions-aware sizing of PV panels and storage for 5G HetNet. An energy-saving strategy based on an optimal policy of advanced sleep modes and traffic-aware load offloading is developed and the interaction of the energy-saving strategy on the system dimensioning is explicitly examined. The proposed solution aims to ensure the communication quality of service whilst keeping the optimal cost-effective deployment and network operation. The system performance in terms of grid energy consumption, empty storage probability, emission performance, and total cost of the system is extensively assessed through experiments for a range of operational scenarios. The numerical results demonstrated that the proposed sustainable energy system dimensioning and operation integrated with an energy-saving strategy is energy-efficient and cost-effective.

Advances in the Design of Renewable Energy Power Supply for Rural Health Clinics, Case Studies, and Future Directions

Globally, effective and efficient healthcare is critical to the wellbeing and standard of living of any society. Unfortunately, several distant communities far from the national grid do not have access to reliable power supply, owing to economic, environmental, and technical challenges. Furthermore, unreliable, unavailable, and uneconomical power supply to these communities contributes significantly to the delivery of substandard or absence of qualitative healthcare services, resulting in higher mortality rates and associated difficulty in attracting qualified healthcare workers to the affected communities. Given these circumstances, this paper aims to conduct a comprehensive review of the status of renewable energy available to rural healthcare clinics around the globe, emphasizing its potential, analysis, procedures, modeling techniques, and case studies. In this light, several renewable energy modeling techniques were reviewed to examine the optimum power supply to the referenced healthcare centers in remote communities. To this end, analytical techniques and standard indices for reliable power supply to the isolated healthcare centers are suggested. Specifically, different battery storage systems that are suitable for rural healthcare systems are examined, and the most economical and realistic procedure for the maintenance of microgrid power systems for sustainable healthcare delivery is defined. Finally, this paper will serve as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and experts in rural power supply to remote healthcare centers globally.

Assessment of Onshore Renewable Energy Power Supply for Ship’s Emissions Reduction in Port Said West Port

Assessment of Onshore Renewable Energy Power Supply for Ship’s Emissions Reduction in Port Said West Port

A Multi-Objective Scheduling Strategy for a Hybrid Energy System for Antarctic Coastal Research Stations

A large number of research stations have been established to provide members of Antarctic expeditions with logistical support. A previous study confirmed that the wind and solar energy resources of the Chinese Zhongshan Station, a coastal station located in an area of Lassmann Hills in East Antarctica, are highly synergetic and complementary. Considering the demand for a renewable energy power supply in Zhongshan Station, this paper introduces a hybrid energy system with wind–solar–diesel–battery co-generation used as a power supply scheme. Based on the 2015 climate data for Zhongshan Station, the wind–solar resources, conventional energy system, and annual diesel consumption of the station area were analyzed. The annual electrical load demand of each building in the station area was quantitatively expounded. Compared with the original power supply system, and combined with the analysis results of the thermal load and electrical load demands of the station, an objective function based on the requirements of economy, reliability, and environmental protection was presented. According to the constraint conditions of the heat energy and electrical energy load balance in the station area, a multi-objective scheduling strategy for the system was designed. Finally, the effects of this scheduling strategy were analyzed under three different application scenarios. The results indicated that the annual load demand was significantly lower than before the scheduling, and that a 50% reduction in diesel consumption could be achieved, demonstrating that the multi-objective scheduling strategy proposed in this paper could achieve optimal energy scheduling and management of the renewable hybrid energy system.

An adaptive energy management strategy for airports to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 via waste, wind, and solar power

After the border lockdown, global traffic has returned, making green airports a government goal to reach carbon neutrality by 2050. Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) use for commercial aircraft alone won't help achieve net-zero emissions (NEZ). An independent renewable energy supply system at airports is urgently needed to implement green airports worldwide. This study develops a renewable energy power supply system that integrates wind, photovoltaic (PV), and waste-to-energy (WTE) sources to investigate a new adaptive model predictive control (MPC) energy management strategy based on airport operational characteristics. Simulations of Copenhagen Airport’s energy programme confirmed this energy management strategy’s feasibility. Energy management scenarios for two typical summer and winter load days were simulated for case studies. Field data from Copenhagen was used for simulation analysis, and experimental modelling of the airport’s energy scheme proved the energy management program’s practicality. The simulations show that Copenhagen airport renewable energy generates half of its electricity in winter and 81.0% in summer. A total operating cost of USD 36,087.83/day in summer and USD 102,061.20/day in winter is needed to reduce carbon emissions by 41.19 Mt/day in summer and 43.96 Mt/day in winter. This approach should help deploy green airports worldwide and reach carbon neutrality by 2050.

A joint planning strategy for EV charging system towards net-zero transportation electrification

Electric vehicles (EVs) are pivotal in the progression toward sustainable transportation. However, a growing body of recent studies has challenged the often-assumed notion that electric vehicles are often considered to be net-zero emissions. These studies suggest that electric vehicles could potentially generate substantial emissions due to their reliance on fossil fuels to generate electricity, especially when receiving fast charging services. This phenomenon has been mitigated with the use of renewable energy sources in the power system. However, due to the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, additional requirements have arisen. To address this situation, this paper presents an interdisciplinary study of collaborative fast-charging stations (FCS) and distributed renewable energy planning based on the interactions between traffic and power networks in order to increase the adoption rate of electric vehicles and reduce emissions caused by traffic and power systems. The locations and sizing of fast-charging stations, distributed photovoltaic generation, and renewable energy power supply for electric vehicles are determined in the proposed strategy through multi-objective integer programming. The proposed planning strategy considers heterogeneous electric vehicle driving range constraints, the operation security of the power distribution system, the reliability and expansion of the current power distribution, as well as different types of air pollutant classifications resulting from the charging behaviors. To guarantee the feasibility and accuracy of the planning results, an interactive algorithm is applied to solve the multi-objective integer model. Several cases are conducted to validate the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the proposed planning strategy has good performance in the planning of fast-charging stations and distributed renewable energy integration.

Resource scheduling and performance analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems with carbon neutrality consideration: A scenario-based multi-agent approach

Given the increasing global consensus on carbon neutrality for sustainable development, a key related challenge is to build a hybrid renewable energy system that simultaneously ensures stable power supply and carbon neutrality. This paper proposes a complete framework for designing, scheduling optimization, evaluation and analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems at the village scale. The framework integrates zero-carbon system design based on agent-based modeling, comprehensive evaluation of scheduling schemes under a multi-index system, and analysis of the impact of policy parameters, implemented through programming on the AnyLogic platform. The proposed framework was applied to a simulated region in Zhoushan, China. The results show that among the seven scheduling schemes, the photovoltaic/wind turbine/battery/diesel system is the best resource scheduling scheme in the region, with renewable energy power supply accounting for 98.5% of the total supply, the net present cost of $42,108.174, the cost of energy of $0.072/kWh, and the annual carbon dioxide emission of 5,064.346 kg. Installing carbon capture, utilization, and storage equipment can achieve carbon neutrality without significantly affecting system costs, with only an additional net present cost of $1,200. Among all meteorological factors, wind speed has the greatest impact on system performance and should be given priority in wind power generation. In terms of micro-behavioral management, discrete gear setting for diesel engines is better than continuous gear setting and more helpful in reducing system economic costs.

Comparative Study on Performance of Renewable Energy Building Energy Supply System

The air source heat pump water system test bench and the compact all-glass vacuum tube solar water heating system test bench are (were) built on the roof of two adjacent teacher’s apartment buildings with the same structure, shape and material were constructed to study the performance of energy supply systems for different types of renewable energy buildings. The energy supply system performance and the performance parameters are comprehensively and systematically analyzed in the same environment conditions of the same period. The results show that the weight coefficients of the performance parameters of the two energy supply systems are equal by means of extension theory analysis. At the last, the comprehensive correlation degree Kj(1) of water outlet temperature on the performance of renewable energy power supply system is 2.07, the comprehensive correlation degree Kj(2) of water inlet temperature is 2.04, the comprehensive correlation degree Kj(3) of air temperature is 2.14, the comprehensive correlation degree Kj(4) of solar radiation is 4.97, and the comprehensive correlation degree Kj(5) of sunshine hours is 3.78.

スマートメーターを活用した公共施設のエネルギーマネジメントに関する研究 （第1報）再生可能エネルギー電源と公共施設の電力需要の特性分析

スマートメーターを活用した公共施設のエネルギーマネジメントに関する研究 （第1報）再生可能エネルギー電源と公共施設の電力需要の特性分析

Power Load Disaggregation of Households with Solar Panels Based on an Improved Long Short-term Memory Network

With the increasing application of small distributed renewable energy systems in household power supplies, when a large number of distributed renewable energy power generation systems are connected to the power grid, the time-varying output power of small solar energy, wind turbines, etc. Disaggregation and analysis of regional household electricity and renewable energy power supply systems connected to household electricity will help grid companies to conduct power dispatch management. This paper employed a two-way two-layer Long Short-term Memory deep learning network with improved input form to perform non-intrusive load disaggregation on household power with solar panels, which can monitor the load status of household electrical appliances and the output power of solar power generation system in real time. The power situation provides a decision basis for optimizing the response value of household energy demand and improving the demand of the power system from the response management level. The combined dataset from UK-DALE and kaggle’solar panel power generation data is adopted to train and test the proposed improved Long Short-term Memory network. The test results show that the proposed algorithm is applied to the household electric load disaggregation with solar panels, with high accuracy and reliability.

The competitiveness of provincial electric power supply in China: Based on a bottom-up perspective

There is a serious problem of overcapacity in the electric power industry which is harmful to its sustainable development. To seek a rational industry planning and reduce the harm from overcapacity, we investigate the competitiveness of provincial electric power supply in overall and different types of electric power industry by constructing a TIMES model that considers the differences of provincial technology and resource endowment in the BAU (the Business as Usual) and low carbon (LC1, LC2) scenarios. The results show that Xinjiang and Jiangxi have strong competitiveness, while Beijing, Tianjin and Jilin have weak competitiveness in terms of overall electric power industry in BAU scenario. Thermal power supply will decrease by 8.65% and 13.73% in 2030 in LC1 and LC2 scenarios respectively. Anhui and Shanxi have strong competitiveness, while Beijing and Tianjin have weak competitiveness in term of thermal power supply. In 2030, renewable energy power supply will increase by 1.95% and 3.09% in LC1 and LC2 scenarios respectively. Inner Mongolia and Hubei have strong competitiveness, while Tianjin and Jilin have weak competitiveness in terms of renewable energy power supply.

Microgrid System Energy Storage Capacity Optimization Considering Multiple Time Scale Uncertainty Coupling

In this paper, we propose an energy storage capacity optimization (ESCO) method for grid-connected microgrid systems (MSs) considering multiple time scale uncertainty coupling. First, an envelope model and a box uncertainty model are, respectively, employed to characterize the stochastic uncertainties and the forecasting error uncertainty of the renewable energy (RE) power supply and load demand. Based on the above two uncertainty characterization models, the energy balance ability indicator and the robustness coordination cost indicator are proposed, which are used to quantitatively analyze the MS energy balance state probability for different ESCO schemes and the economic cost of improving the robustness of the MS optimal operation, respectively. Then, an ESCO model, where the stochastic uncertainty and forecasting error uncertainty of the RE power supply and load demand are, respectively, considered in the long-time-scale investment decision of the energy storage capacity and the short-time-scale operation optimization of the energy storage system, is established, with the goal of realizing an MS that operates in a grid-friendly and economical manner. Furthermore, a new multi-objective compound differential evolution algorithm is designed to solve the energy storage capacity collaborative optimization model efficiently. Finally, simulations are conducted to verify the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed model and method.

Analysis of the environmental factors influence on the efficiency of photovoltaic systems

The development of civilization is associated with the creation of various methods of energy conversion. Humanity has come a long way from the water wheel to modern power plants. Though earlier people did not think about the damage to the environment from the work of a number of power plants, today this cannot be ignored. Renewable energy sources (RES) and their using by modern technologies claim to play a significant role in the world energy sector. Support for the development of RES in Russia is currently based on compensation of costs under contracts for the sale of power in the wholesale electricity and power market. According to the results of the competition of the Trading System Administrator, projects under the contracts for renewable energy power supply selected. Analysis of bids of the Trading System Administrator (TSA) showed that until 2023 will be introduced 1.8 GW of solar power plants, so the actual goal will be the correct operation of them in the weather conditions of Russia. Pollution of various types, which can be on the panels can affect the operation of solar panels (SP) and prevent the ingress of solar radiation on them. The article investigates the influence of various types of pollutants on the power generated by solar panels and promising places for the construction of solar plants in the climatic and geographical conditions of Russia, taking into account possible polluting factors, which can lead to total economic damage of up to 15 million rubles per year.

Flexible operation of electrolyser at the garage forecourt to support grid balancing and exploitation of hydrogen as a clean fuel

Rapid growth in the generation of renewable energy (RE) and its integration with electricity grids has been driven by concerns about both the climate impacts and the depletion of fossil fuels. Moreover, these concerns have prompted the need to develop alternatives to hydrocarbon fuels, leading to the expectation that fuel cell vehicle numbers will similarly increase. However, the variable and intermittent output of RE generators significantly affects the capability for electricity networks to balance supply and demand, although this may be addressed through energy storage and demand-side response (DSR) technologies. One potential DSR technique that can be implemented at industrial scale is water electrolysis, which is used for hydrogen production. When electrolyser operation is modulated, for example, to respond to the variable output of wind and solar power sources, it can be exploited as a dispatchable demand load. Naturally, this would need to be incentivized by electricity tariff structures that reflect the dynamics of RE availability. This paper aims to compare the economics of continuous and dispatchable electrolyser operation for producing affordable hydrogen at garage forecourts in Libya, while ensuring no interruption in the fuel supply to vehicles. Using the coastal city of Derna as a case study, with renewable energy generated by a wind farm, a suitable turbine specification and the number of turbines needed to meet demand was determined through an analysis of wind speeds. The constantly varying difference between RE power supply and electricity demand on the grinded the surplus power at any given time. Using a linear programming algorithm to optimize the hydrogen cost, based on the current price of electricity, this study examines a hydrogen refuelling station in both dispatchable and continuous operation. As the capital cost is already known, the optimisation focuses on the variable cost in order to reduce the price of hydrogen, which means using the cheaper of two electricity tariffs. Three scenarios were considered to evaluate whether the cost of electrolytic hydrogen could be reduced through using lower-cost off-peak electricity supplies:1- Standard Continuous, in which the electrolyser operates continuously on a standard tariff of $16/kWh.2- Off-peak Only, in which the electrolyser operates only during off-peak periods at the lower price of $7/kWh.3- 2-Tier Continuous, in which the electrolyser operates continuously on a low tariff at off-peak times and a high tariff at other times.The results indicate that Scenario 2 produced the cheapest electricity at $3.89 per kg of hydrogen, followed by Scenario 3 at $5.10 per kg, and the most expensive was Scenario 1 at $9.26 per kg.

A Time-Scale Adaptive Dispatch Method for Renewable Energy Power Supply Systems on Islands

A salient feature of a renewable energy power supply system (REPSS) on islands is the high level of uncertainties caused by high penetration of volatile power sources, such as wind and solar photovoltaic farms. This creates large forecast errors under some conditions and makes the fixed time-scale dispatch impotent in maintaining system reliability. To tackle this challenge, a time-scale adaptive dispatch method is developed in this paper. The time-scale for dispatch REPSS on islands is adjusted online according to the confidence interval of forecast error predicted by neural network. Extensive tests have validated the effectiveness of the presented method in offsetting the uncertainties in the system and improving the system reliability.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Coordination Development for Regional Power Grid and Renewable Energy Power Supply Based on Improved Matter Element Extension and TOPSIS Method for Sustainability

In the background of exhaustion of the traditional fossil energy sources, developing renewable energy has become a strategic choice for China to achieve energy sustainable utilization and energy security. The coordination between renewable energy generation and the traditional power grid is a problem that needs to be solved in the development of the power grid. The three sectors of power generation, transmission, distribution, and scheduling are considered comprehensively in this paper and an evaluation index system for the development of renewable energy and traditional power grid is designed. The traditional method of Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution （TOPSIS） is improved using the idea of matter element extension, and mathematical model of comprehensive evaluation is constructed. Combined with the development index data of a regional power grid and renewable energy sources in Ningxia province, this paper applied the evaluation model to empirical research. The results show that the model meets the real situation of development of the regional power grid and renewable energy generation and has certain reference and promotion significance.

Development of hybrid battery–supercapacitor energy storage for remote area renewable energy systems

Abstract In this study, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS), which combines battery for long-term energy management and supercapacitor for fast dynamic power regulation, is proposed for remote area renewable energy power supply systems. The operation of a passive connected HESS was examined via both theoretical analysis and numerical simulation using Matlab/Simulink. An electric inductor was further introduced to improve the performance of the HESS. An experimental test bench was developed to validate the simulation results. It was demonstrated that the HESS can stabilize energy provision, not only for the intermittent renewable energy (RE), but also for fluctuating load applications.

0420 再生可能エネルギーを導入した一般家庭における電力供給最適制御 (機器容量の設計に関する検討)(OS13-2 最適設計と解析,オーガナイズドセッション 13:「最適設計と解析」)

0420 再生可能エネルギーを導入した一般家庭における電力供給最適制御 (機器容量の設計に関する検討)(OS13-2 最適設計と解析,オーガナイズドセッション 13:「最適設計と解析」)