Resource scheduling and performance analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems with carbon neutrality consideration: A scenario-based multi-agent approach

Abstract

Given the increasing global consensus on carbon neutrality for sustainable development, a key related challenge is to build a hybrid renewable energy system that simultaneously ensures stable power supply and carbon neutrality. This paper proposes a complete framework for designing, scheduling optimization, evaluation and analysis of hybrid renewable energy systems at the village scale. The framework integrates zero-carbon system design based on agent-based modeling, comprehensive evaluation of scheduling schemes under a multi-index system, and analysis of the impact of policy parameters, implemented through programming on the AnyLogic platform. The proposed framework was applied to a simulated region in Zhoushan, China. The results show that among the seven scheduling schemes, the photovoltaic/wind turbine/battery/diesel system is the best resource scheduling scheme in the region, with renewable energy power supply accounting for 98.5% of the total supply, the net present cost of $42,108.174, the cost of energy of $0.072/kWh, and the annual carbon dioxide emission of 5,064.346 kg. Installing carbon capture, utilization, and storage equipment can achieve carbon neutrality without significantly affecting system costs, with only an additional net present cost of $1,200. Among all meteorological factors, wind speed has the greatest impact on system performance and should be given priority in wind power generation. In terms of micro-behavioral management, discrete gear setting for diesel engines is better than continuous gear setting and more helpful in reducing system economic costs.