Removal Efficiency Of Malachite Green Research Articles

Synergistic degradation of refractory organic pollutant by underwater bubbling plasma combined with heterogeneous Fenton process

Excessive discharge of the refractory organic pollutants endangers the development of the society and economy, thus seeking an efficient wastewater abatement method is an urgent need. Herein, Iron (Ⅱ) sulfide (FeS) was employed as the heterogeneous catalyst and coupled with underwater bubbling plasma (UBP) for the elimination of the refractory organic pollutant, malachite green (MG). FeS catalyst was synthesized using the solvothermal method and subsequently characterized comprehensively, focusing on its microstructure, specific surface area, chemical bonds and elements valence states. The UBP system combined with FeS (UBP/FeS) exhibited the robust synergism with a maximum synergistic factor of 1.89. The MG degradation percentage and rate constant were up to 94.7% and 0.237 min−1 within 12 min. The parameter experiments revealed that FeS dosage, pulse frequency, initial MG concentration and solution conductivity of 150 mg/L, 56 Hz, 5 mg/L and 21.8 μS/cm, respective, were more conducive for MG elimination. The MG removal efficiency reached 86.2% after five consecutive applications of FeS. Reactive substances including ·OH, ·O2−, eaq, O3 and H2O2 were confirmed to contribute to MG elimination. Additionally, the conversion circle between ≡ Fe(Ⅱ) and ≡ Fe(Ⅲ) promoted the catalytic conversion of H2O2 and O3 into ∙OH. The comparison of UV–vis spectra and total organic carbon of MG solution before and after reaction revealed the superior degradation of MG in the UBP/FeS system. Hypotheses regarding to the decomposition pathways of MG were formulated based on the identified intermediates. The toxicity level of MG solution was lightened after reaction. The above results indicate that UBP/FeS has the advantages of quick degradation and high efficiency, representing a promising approach for refractory pollutants treatment.

Degradation of malachite green by UV/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/Fe2+ processes: kinetics and mechanism.

This work investigated the photochemical degradation of malachite green (MG), a cationic triphenylmethane dye used as a coloring agent, fungicide, and antiseptic. UV photolysis was ineffective in the removal of MG as only 12.35% degradation of MG (10mg/L) was achieved after 60min of irradiation. In contrast, 100.00% degradation of MG (10mg/L) was observed after 60min of irradiation in the presence of 10mM H2O2 by UV/H2O2 at pH 6.0. Similarly, complete removal (100.00%) of MG was observed at 30min of the reaction time by UV/H2O2/Fe2+ employing [MG]0 = 10mg/L, [H2O2]0 = 10mM, [Fe2+]0 = 2.5mg/L, and [pH]0 = 3.0. For the UV/H2O2 process, the degradation efficiency was higher at pH 6.0 than at pH 3.0 as the k obs values were 0.0873 and 0.0690min-1, respectively. However, UV/H2O2/Fe2+ showed higher reactivity at pH 3.0 than at pH 6.0. Chloride and nitrate ions slightly inhibited the removal efficiency of MG by both UV/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/Fe2+ processes. Moreover, three degradation products (DPs) of MG, (i) 4-dimethylamino-benzophenone (DABP), (ii) 4-amino-benzophenone (ABP), and (iii) 4-dimethylamino-phenol (DAP), were identified by GC-MS during the UV/H2O2 treatment. These DPs were found to demonstrate higher aquatic toxicity than the parent MG, suggesting that researchers should focus on the removal of target pollutants as well as their DPs. Nevertheless, the results of this study indicate that both UV/H2O2 and UV/H2O2/Fe2+ processes could be implemented to alleviate the harmful environmental impacts of dye and textile industries.

Constructing of FeNi3 nano-necklaces intercalated 3D graphene as an efficient and robust heterogeneous catalyst for photo-Fenton degradation of hazardous organic pollutants

In this study, an innovative heterogeneous nanocatalyst of three-dimensional reduced graphene (3DGr)-wrapped FeNi3 nano-necklaces (NNs) was successfully fabricated. The effectiveness and stability of FeNi3 @ 3DGr nanocomposite in a heterogeneous photo-Fenton technique for the removal of organic pollutants such as malachite green (MG), methylene blue (MB), diclofenac (DIC), and ibuprofen (IBF) were evaluated. The nanocatalyst degradation efficiency for MG was studied by altering the starting pH value (2.8–7.5), the dosage of H2O2 (25–150 mM), the concentration of MG dye (30–80 mg/l), and the dose of FeNi3 @ 3DGr nanocomposite (0.2–1.0 g/l). Under optimum operating conditions, the FeNi3 @ 3DGr nanocomposite achieved 100% MG removal efficiency with almost 60% total organic carbon (TOC) below 40 min. Moreover, the catalyst revealed significant durability owing to the synergistic effects of the integration of the 3DGr and FeNi3 NNs frameworks, as its removal performance maintained over 80% after seven consecutive degrading cycles with an acceptable degree of leaching iron. The radical scavenger experiment revealed that hydroxyl radical (•OH) species are the essential oxidized radicals participating in the photo-Fenton process. Our findings delivered a stable and effective FeNi3 @ 3DGr heterogeneous nanocatalyst with a high removal capacity for organic contaminants from water through the photo-Fenton technique.

Facile construction of Ag/AgCl/WO3 ternary plasmonic nanocomposite with promoted photocatalytic property

A novel Ag/AgCl/WO3 (AAW) ternary nanocomposite with various mole ratios were constructed through a two-step approach involving solvothermal and in-situ photo-reduction technology. As-synthesized products were systematically studied with various characterization. The photocatalytic behaviors of the composites were appraised through degrading the malachite green (MG) pollutant with the illumination of visible light. It was found that the removal efficiency of MG for the champion AAW was 11.8 times as the single WO3 catalyst with excellent cycling stability. The promoted properties of as-synthesized products were mainly related to the enhanced visible light absorption by the Ag-induced localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) function and the suppressed recombination rate of photoinduced charge carries by heterojunction. Furthermore, a plausible photocatalytic mechanism concerning the electrons/holes transfer and separation process upon the AAW composites was also proposed in view of the heterojunction.

Experimental density and volumetric properties of DESs based on tetrabutylammonium bromide and used for effective extraction of naphthol green B and malachite green

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo improve the quality of wastewater and thereby to meet the standards as per environmental production agency in US and UK. In the present work, Malachite green (MG) and Naphthol Green B (NGB) has been taken as model dyes in wastewater. Solvent extraction process was carried out using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as an alternative solvent for organic and ionic liquids.RESULTSThe possible molecular interaction between DESs and selective dyes in water were analyzed and discussed in details using volumetric properties including excess molar volume , partial molar volume , excess partial molar volume , apparent molar volume , isobaric thermal expansion () and excess isobaric thermal expansion (αE). Further, the extraction of selective dyes was conducted and characterized in terms of extraction efficiency (η), effect of temperature on extraction efficiency, effect of shaking time on extraction efficiency, effect of concentration on extraction efficiency, effect of HBD on extraction efficiency, distribution coefficient (D). Finally, the thermodynamic extraction feasibility was analysed by means of Gibbs free energy , change in enthalpy , and change in entropy .CONCLUSIONThere is possible molecular interaction between hydrophilic DESs and NGB/MG in water at molecular level. 96% of extraction efficiency was obtained for NGB using hydrophobic DESs like {[TBAB][DA]} and {[TBAB][OA]} whereas {[TBAB][DA]} and {[TBAB][OA]} gave above 72% removal efficiency of MG. Finally the thermodynamic feasibility of extraction process was analyzed and discussed. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solution using Ficus Benjamina Activated Carbon-Nonmetal Oxide synthesized by pyro Carbonic Acid Microwave

Activated carbon derived from Ficus Binjamina agro-waste synthesized by pyro carbonic acid microwave method and treated with silicon oxide (SiO2) was used to enhance the adsorption capability of the malachite green (MG) dye. Three factors of concentration of dye, time of mixing, and the amount of activated carbon with four levels were used to investigate their effect on the MG removal efficiency. The results show that 0.4 g/L dosage, 80 mg/L dye concentration, and 40 min adsorption duration were found as an optimum conditions for 99.13% removal efficiency. The results also reveal that Freundlich isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic models were the best models to describe the equilibrium adsorption data.

Oxidized dextran-crosslinked ferrocene-chitosan-PEI composite porous material integrating adsorption and degradation to malachite green

Treating wastewater containing malachite green (MG) using porous materials with both adsorption and degradation functions have become a major challenge in achieving the carbon neutrality goal. Herein by incorporating the ferrocene (Fc) group as a Fenton active center, a novel composite porous material (DFc-CS-PEI) was prepared using chitosan (CS) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) as skeletons and oxidized dextran as a crosslinker. DFc-CS-PEI not only possesses satisfactory adsorption performance to MG but also excellent degradability in the presence of a minor amount of H2O2 (3.5 mmol/L) without any additional assistance, due to high specific surface area and active Fc group. The maximum adsorption capacity is ca. 177.73 ± 3.11 mg/g, outperforming most CS-based adsorbents. The removal efficiency of MG is significantly enhanced from 20 % to 90 % as DFc-CS-PEI and H2O2 coexist, due to ·OH-dominated Fenton reaction, and remained in a wide pH range (2.0–7.0). Cl− exhibits notable suppression on the degradation of MG because of quenching effects. Note that DFc-CS-PEI has a very small iron leaching (0.2 ± 0.015 mg/L), and can be rapidly recycled by simple water-washing, without any harmful chemicals and potential second pollution. Such versatility, high stability, and green recyclability make the as-prepared DFc-CS-PEI a promising porous material for the treatment of organic wastewater.

Removal of cationic dyes from a synthetic effluent using a calcium surfactant

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the removal efficiency of two types of cationic dyes of different classes – methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) – from a synthetic effluent using a calcium surfactant (CaSF) originated from used frying soybean oil. The Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed that the functional groups present on the surface of CaSF can form surface complexes or bonds with the dye molecules and, consequently, promote their adsorption. The adsorption kinetics studies indicated that the equilibrium point of the process is reached in 90 min for both dyes. Equilibrium studies indicated that the adsorption isotherm models that best fit MB and MG were the Langmuir and the Dubinin–Radushkevich models, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of MB and MG, according to the Langmuir model, were 199 and 123 mg·g−1, respectively. In the sight of the high MB and MG removal efficiency (84 and 100%, respectively), the use of CaSF is an excellent alternative for the treatment of effluents contaminated by cationic dyes. The adsorption–desorption cycle studies showed that CaSF maintains a good dye removal efficiency for up to three cycles.

Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of malachite green by sulfur-doped titanium dioxide/porous reduced graphene oxide

In this study, the sulfur-doped titanium dioxide (S-TiO2) was prepared via the sol-gel method, while the effect of calcination temperature was also investigated. The sulfur-doped titanium dioxide/porous reduced graphene oxide (S-TiO2/rGO) was successfully synthesized via the in-situ method with the support of hydrothermal and ultrasonication processes. The characterization of the materials was also scrutinized via several advanced analysis methods, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and photoluminescence (PL). In terms of the photodegradation performance, the malachite green (MG) removal efficiency of the S-TiO2/rGO (99.86 %) was higher than that of S-TiO2 (78.88 %). Besides, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) was analyzed to investigate the mineralization of MG in the photodegradation reaction. Concurrently, the removal efficiency of MG was also determined under the illumination of UV light and sunlight. The material shows high reusability after ten consecutive runs. According to the results, the S-TiO2/rGO material exhibits excellent potential in the degradation of organic pollutants in the water reservoirs.

Copper-based coordination polymer as a fast and efficient dye adsorbent from aqueous solutions

Green synthesis of a copper-based coordination polymer (Cu-CP) is reported utilizing a simple precipitation method. The prepared coordination polymer was characterized and used as a potent adsorbent for the elimination of organic dyes from aqueous solutions. The results of zeta potential analysis showed that the surface charge of the Cu-CP was −33.6 mV. In spite of negative surface charge and moderate specific surface area (99 m2·g−1), the prepared Cu-CP was a good adsorbent for removal of cationic e.g., malachite green (MG) and methylene blue (MB) as well as an anionic dye e.g., Congo red (CR). This efficiency could be attributed to π-π interaction and hydrogen bonding between adsorbent and adsorbate as the major forces leading to uptake of the dyes. However, MG with high removal efficiency (85.44%) at 2 min was chosen as a targeted dye for further consideration. Then, the effect of various parameters for adsorption of the MG e.g., adsorbent amount, pH, and initial concentration of dye were optimized. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic model for MG adsorption were also investigated. Finally, the adsorbent was reused after recycling which indicated high MG removal efficiency in successive tests.

Regulation pore size distribution for facilitating malachite green removal on carbon foam

Malachite green (MG) is widely used as a textile dye and an aquacultural biocide, and become a serious pollution of drink water, but effectually isolating and removing it from wastewater are still a challenge. Here we report a new strategy to prepare a carbon foam with tunable pore size distribution by a one-pot lava foam process. We find that uniform micropore size is beneficial to the formation of C–OH coordination on the pore surface, increasing MG adsorption rates via H+ ionization. As a result, carbon foam with uniform pore size distribution demonstrates an optimum MG removal efficiency of 1812 mg g−1 and a higher partition coefficient of 3.02 mg g−1 μM−1, which is twice that of carbon foams with irregular pore size distribution. The adsorption of MG onto these adsorbents was found to be an endothermic monolayer chemical adsorption process, and the Gibbs free energy of adsorption process was decreased obviously by regulating micropore size distribution. The experiment results are in good agreement with pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. Revealed the pore size distribution was the critical factor of MG removal by carbon foam. It should be and inspiration for the design and development of highly efficiency adsorbents for dyes removal.

Removing Malachite Green and Leucomalachite Green From Freshwater and Seawater With Four Water Treatment Agents

Malachite green (MG) residue in aquatic environments can adversely affect food chains. To solve this problem, many adsorbents have been developed to remove MG from aqueous solutions. These adsorbents exhibit benefits in different aspects such as low cost, nontoxicity, and environment friendliness. Zeolite, oyster shell powder (OSP), humic acid (HA), and Chloride dioxide (ClO2) are widely used agents for water purification, indicating their potential to remove MG from both freshwater and seawater. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was performed as a valid analytical method for measuring MG and its metabolite leucomalachite green (LMG). The analysis examined linearity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and limit of quantification. We found that three agents—zeolite, OSP, and HA—have high affinity for MG and LMG in both freshwater and seawater because of their physicochemical properties; ClO2 exhibited even greater efficiency for MG and LMG degradation due to its oxidation capacity. The MG removal efficiency of zeolite, OSP and HA in freshwater was 100%, 87.52%, and 100%, respectively. In the MG-containing seawater, the removal efficiency of zeolite, OSP and HA was 95.24%, 6.57%, and 89.36%, respectively. The LMG removal efficiency of zeolite, OSP and HA in freshwater was 100%, 53.56%, and 100%, while in seawater, the LMG removal efficiency of zeolite, OSP and HA was 100%, 62.70%, and 84.65%, respectively. ClO2 treatments in both freshwater and seawater expressed 100% removal efficiency. The adsorption capacity of three water agents in MG-containing freshwater decreased in the order: zeolite = HA > OSP; in MG-containing seawater: zeolite > HA > OSP. Whereas the adsorption capacity of three water agents in LMG-containing freshwater decreased in the order: zeolite = HA > OSP; in LMG-containing seawater: zeolite > HA > OSP. In this study, four water treatment agents are reported to remove MG and LMG from freshwater and seawater, indicating their potential for reducing the amount of hazardous MG and LMG residue in aquatic environments.

Malachite green removal using ionic flocculation

Abstract The use of ionic flocculation is proposed to remove malachite green (MG), in this case, from water. A surfactant with the polluted solution and calcium is added. The surfactant-calcium reaction forms a precipitate, which aggregates into flocs on agitation. The flocs adsorb MG, which can then be removed by centrifugation. Ionic flocculation was assessed by varying parameters including: surfactant and MG concentrations, electrolyte content, pH, contact time, etc. The isotherm and adsorption kinetic models that best fit this process are the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, respectively. MG removal efficiency of 96% was obtained at pH 9, with surfactant concentration 1,400 mg L−1, MG concentration 10 mg L−1 and contact time 10 minutes. The process has potential for pollutant removal.

A novel self-floating cyclodextrin-modified polymer for cationic dye removal: Preparation, adsorption behavior and mechanism

The separation and recycling processes of current cyclodextrin (CD)-based adsorbents are complicated. Thus, a novel composite based on a large surface area, porous, and self-floating tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile (TFN)-crosslinked CD polymer (FTFCD), was fabricated, characterized and applied to treat cationic dye pollutants. The characterization showed a porosity, good thermal stability, a stable crystal structure, and abundant functional groups on the prepared FTFCD, which had demonstrated great improvement on its adsorption capacity towards attention grabbing pollutants. The removal efficiency of the adsorbents for malachite green (MG) remained above 95% at pH 1 ∼ 10. In addition, the adsorbents were found to rapidly reach equilibrium governed by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of FTFCD was 1390.263 mg/g, as corroborated by the Langmuir isotherm model. While the phenolate groups of FTFCD found to electrostatically interacts with the MG strong cationic quaternary amine group, hydrogen-bonding was responsible for the hydroxyl group of FTFCD and the quaternary amine group binding. Meanwhile, the triangular cone configuration of MG makes it easy to be entrapped and absorbed in the hydrophobic cavity. Besides, after regeneration of exhausted FTFCD for five successive cycles, the MG removal efficiency still reached more than 80%. Thus, FTFCD could be applied as a potential alternative adsorbent for cationic dye removal owing to its excellent adsorption performance, convenient recycling, wide pH application, and environmental friendliness.

Engineered mesoporous biochar derived from rice husk for efficient removal of malachite green from wastewaters

Extremely soluble Malachite green (MG) acts as potential carcinogen for aquatic life in polluted aqueous environments. Current study aims to modify rice husk derived biochar to improve its removal efficiency for MG from MG-containing wastewaters. The hydrothermal alkali activation was effective for preparing modified biochar (RHMB) from native biochar (RHB) derived from rice husk. After modification, surface area and pore volume of RHMB was determined respectively 434.62 m2g−1 and 287.28 cm3g−1, significantly improved from native RHB values 21.764 m2g−1 and 65.53 cm3g−1. Pseudo second order kinetic model fitted well. RHMB exhibits an equilibrium adsorption capacity of 373.02 mg g−1. RHMB showed an excellent MG removal ability and was not susceptible to ion interference even at highly saline environments. It has exhibited 96.96 ± 1.17% removal efficiency of MG and is expected to be used as potential adsorbent for MG remediation from aquaculture wastewater and other MG containing industrial wastewaters.

Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green dye using nitrogen/sodium/iron-TiO2 nanocatalysts

Enhanced visible light-responsive TiO2 modified with nitrogen, sodium, and iron was synthesized using an integration of green synthesis and wet impregnation method. The prepared nanocatalysts were characterized using some analytical tools like UV–visible spectrometry (UV–visible), photoluminescence (PL), High-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller N2 adsorption–desorption process, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, The photocatalytic activity of N/Na/Fe–TiO2 and bared TiO2 for the degradation of Malachite green (MG) dye in aqueous solution under visible light was investigated. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box Benhken Design was used to evaluate the interaction between three important independent variables (reaction time, catalyst dosage, and dye solution pH). The XRD results of the prepared samples showed that the crystal phase was anatase irrespective of the modifiers. The BET surface areas of the tri-doped TiO2 nanocatalysts (80.165 m2/g) were higher than the undoped TiO2 (10.25 m2/g). XPS analysis confirmed the existence of Ti in + 4 oxidation states with or without the dopants. The MG removal efficiency was pH and catalyst dosage-dependent, and maximum MG degradation (96.57 %) was obtained using N/Na/Fe tri-doped TiO2 nanocatalyst under optimum experimental conditions of 0.11 g catalyst dosage, 25.83 min reaction time, and pH of 9.89. The N/Na/Fe-TiO2 nanocatalyst was reusable for up to 5 cycles without significant loss of photocatalytic activity.

Highly efficient, bioactive, and bifunctional sorbent p-n-p visible light heterogeneous photocatalyst utilizing ultra-fine ZnS nanoparticles embedded in a polymeric nanocomposite.

This study reports the successful synthesis of a ZnS@GO@Pani polymeric nanocomposite (NC) via chemical polymerization. The product was used for simultaneous photocatalytic degradation–adsorption of malachite green (MG), a carcinogenic and widely used dye. The physicochemical properties of the prepared NC were characterized by various techniques. Morphological and XRD results confirmed the fine size of ZnS nanoparticles (NPs) with an approximate mean size of 5 nm, uniformly distributed within the polymeric matrix. For comparative purposes, photocatalytic dye degradation–adsorption of this nanohybrid was explored both in the dark and under natural light. It was observed that 0.1 g of the ternary NC in MG aqueous solution (20 ppm) leads to dye adsorption within 15 minutes with an efficiency of 70% under dark conditions. Also, MG removal efficiency of up to 90% was achieved in 15 minutes under natural light owing to integrated photocatalytic degradation–adsorption mechanisms. Adsorption isotherm studies were performed considering Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D–R) models. The results showed that the Freundlich isotherm with R2 = 0.988 is well consistent with the experimental data. Integrated photocatalytic degradation–adsorption kinetics were modeled with pseudo-first-order (PFO) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) models where PSO with R2 = 0.999 best fitted the data, implying the predominant role of chemical adsorption in the dye removal process. Antibacterial tests revealed superior antibacterial activity of the prepared ZnS@GO@Pani NC against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, demonstrating the remarkable synergistic effect of ZnS NPs embedded in the GO@Pani matrix. Accordingly, the prepared NC could be regarded as a promising candidate for wastewater treatment applications. The leaching and regeneration studies also confirmed that the prepared NC is a non-toxic dye removal agent with good reusability.

Photocatalytic removal of Malachite green dye from aqueous solutions by nano-composites containing titanium dioxide: A systematic review

Background: Malachite green (MG) is widely used as a fungicide, Bactericide parasiticide in the aquaculture industry, as a food additive, medical disinfectant, and also, as a dye for materials such as silk, leather, paper, etc. In this study, the photocatalytic removal of MG from aqueous solutions using TiO2-containing nanocomposites was reviewed. Methods: In this study, four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) were systematically searched to collect studies on the decomposition of MG using nanocomposites containing TiO2 under UV light radiation. Results: In total, 10 related and eligible studies were selected. Based on the results, TiO2 was doped with iron, Sn, Ag, Si, and Ni. The highest percentage of photocatalytic decomposition for MG was observed in Sn > Ni > Ag > Fe > Si. The removal efficiency of MG in the studied papers was between 75%-100%. Conclusion: Recombinant nanocomposites had a higher dye removal percentage than uncombined ones because they play an important role in the photocatalytic process of dye, by producing free radicals.

Modification of Enteromorpha prolifera with dielectric barrier discharge plasma to enhance malachite green adsorption.

Dyes, a kind of visible chemical, have severe deleterious effects on human health and ecological environment. In this work, batch biosorption experiments were carried out under various experimental conditions such as pH value and agitation time to optimize the potentiality of Enteromorpha prolifera for the removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution (70·7%). Then, the algal biomass was treated with a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in helium for 4 and 10 min to enhance MG removal efficiency (84·7 and 96·6%). In addition, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in combination with scanning electron microscopy was employed to monitor the chemical and physical changes of algal cells treated by DBD. This study illustrates that DBD may serve as an effective tool to activate the functional groups on the cell wall surface for dye binding, and it even offers an alternative new technique to improve the adsorption properties of native biosorbents for the removal of toxic dyes from wastewater.

Fiber-intercepting-particle structured MOF fabrics for simultaneous solar vapor generation and organic pollutant adsorption

Solar vapor generation (SVG) has been considered as a promising approach to alleviate the water crisis. However, solar vapor generation from wastewater causes secondary pollution since the contaminants cannot be efficiently separated from the remained wastewater. Here we demonstrate a novel fiber-intercepting-particle structured MOF fabric by integrating spraying process with electrospinning technique for simultaneous solar vapor generation and organic pollutant adsorption. The fabrication strategy not only maintains the inherent pore structure of ZIF-67 particles, but also enables photothermal functionalization of the nanofiber scaffold, offering distinct advantages over the commonly used co-electrospinning and surface decoration methods. As a result, the prepared fiber-intercepting-particle structured MOF fabrics achieve a high solar absorption of 94.2%, fast evaporation rate of 1.50 kg m−2h−1 and ultrahigh malachite green (MG) adsorption capacity of 198.1 mg g−1 under one sun. Furthermore, the contaminant removal efficiency of MG is as high as 99.9% with the assistance of solar irradiation. The structure design of MOF fabrics and SVG-enhanced adsorption strategy for water purification in this work will inspire the development of superior water treatment technology.