Remote Backup Research Articles

Enhanced secure data backup scheme using multi‐factor authentication

Remote data backup technology facilitates data storage for users. However, an attacker may intercept some sensitive data on transfer. To solve this problem, sensitive data should be encrypted before uploading to the remote storage. Thus, protecting the secret encryption key is very important. Liu et al. have designed a scheme to protect the secret key using the secret-sharing method and multi-factor authentication. Unfortunately, the authors find some security weaknesses of Liu et al. 's scheme. Liu et al. 's scheme cannot resist offline password guessing attack, the server impersonation attack, the user impersonation attack and an attacker updating password/biometrics attack. They present an enhanced secure data backup scheme using multi-factor authentication to overcome all above-mentioned security threats. The user first divided a secret used to encrypt sensitive data into three shares using Shamir's secret sharing. Moreover, then the user uses the own password and biometrics to hide the true shares, and stores the pseudo three shares in the smart card, the laptop and the server, separately. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is illustrated in detail, and they give a security comparison of their scheme with Liu et al. 's scheme and computational costs.

Mal-Operation of Mho Relay In Transmission Line Due To Presence of TCSC

Distance protection is simple and it provides fast response to clear the fault. Distance protection is also providing primary and remote backup function depending upon distance of transmission line. Distance protection uses various relays like mho relay/admittance relay, impedance relay and reactance relay. In power transmission system, Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers are used to increase power transfer capability and reactive power control, but distance relay get affected due to presence of FACTS devices. This may create the stability issues, security and it may affect on voltage profile. The changes in impedance level would affect the accuracy of distance protection. This paper represents the effect of TCSC on operation of mho relay in transmission line. The work presented here emphasis on the interaction of TCSC on distance protection and their performances under different condition i.e., load angle variation, variation of SCL, different fault location. Design and control performance of MHO relay during normal operation as well as during variation in different condition is verified by using PSCAD simulation software.

The XinJiang Astronomical Observatory NSRT Pulsar Data Archive

The sensitivity of our pulsar observation system with typical integration time of 16 minutes has reached 0.4 mJy after we have upgraded the receiver cooling system of NanShan 25-m radio telescope (NSRT) at Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory (XAO) in 2002. About 280 pulsars were observed after the upgrade. The NanShan station pulsar data is transmitted to the data center at XAO headquarters via a 300Mb/s dedicated data link for long-term storage, and the remote backup is realized by synchronous data transmission between NanShan station and XAO headquarters. Metadata extraction, archiving, and releasing are completed by the data release servers which are located in XAO headquarters. At present, more than 84000 pulsar observation data files in the PSRFITS format have been released with a maximum file size of 1GB. XAO pulsar data online service provides cone search and multiobject constraint query. We have published our data based on Virtual Observatory (VO) standards. The online pulsar data service is registered in the International Virtual Observatory Alliance’s Registry. Users can access the data through common VO tools.

A technical study of remote backup center performance using public virtual private network

A technical study of remote backup center performance using public virtual private network

PENGAMANAN DATA PADA APLIKASI SIJALU UNIVERSITAS SEMARANG DENGAN METODE REMOTE BACKUP & RESTORE

<p>Security of web applications should include a variety of ways, one of which is concerned about data security. Websites that already have a lot of users it is proper to consider the backup and restore strategy to prevent data loss. Besides the use of backup and restore is done on a scheduled basis should also be done at any time, so it is necessary to do the planning and use of the right tools so that the implementation is easier. Journal of Information Systems (SIJALU) University of Semarang contains data of scientific publications from researchers at tire University of Semarang and other campuses. Currently SIJALU not yet have a strategy for the prevention of data loss, this study intends to design and produce a data security benefits of using remote backup and restore. This research is expected with the data stored in SIJALU can be maintained.</p>

Amoeba: An Autonomous Backup and Recovery SSD for Ransomware Attack Defense

Ransomware is one of growing concerns in enterprise and government organizations, because it may cause financial damages or loss of important data. Although there are techniques to detect and prevent ransomware, an evolved ransomware may evade them because they are based on monitoring known behaviors. Ransomware can be mitigated if backup copies of data are retained in a safe place. However, existing backup solutions may be under ransomware's control and an intelligent ransomware may destroy backup copies too. They also incur overhead to storage space, performance and network traffic (in case of remote backup). In this paper, we propose an SSD system that supports automated backup, called Amoeba. In particular, Amoeba is armed with a hardware accelerator that can detect the infection of pages by ransomware attacks at high speed and a fine-grained backup control mechanism to minimize space overhead for original data backup. For evaluation, we extended the Microsoft SSD simulator to implement Amoeba and evaluated it using the realistic block-level traces, which are collected while running the actual ransomware. According to our experiments, Amoeba has negligible overhead and outperforms in performance and space efficiency over the state-of-the-art SSD, FlashGuard, which supports data backup within the device.

Special protection system to cope with the unavailability of sampling values from an entire substation

A special protection system is proposed to respond to a challenge such as that a substation must be immediately taken out of service or only be protected by a remote backup protection without selectivity if the sampling system of this substation breaks down or the samplings are unavailable even though the GOOSE channel is functioning normally. After the special protection system perceives an abnormality of the sampling system of the substation, it first locates the rough fault region using a wide area measurement system based current differential protection scheme of the sound side of the lines connected to the substation with an abnormal sampling system. Then, a novel compensation voltage difference scheme is proposed to determine the faulty line within the recognized rough fault region. Combined with the zone I distance protection scheme, a comprehensive special protection scheme to address a serious sampling abnormality is proposed. Theoretical analysis and PSCAD and MATLAB based simulation studies show that the proposed scheme has the advantages of high reliability, sensitivity and capability of withstanding a fault resistance.

Distance relay reliability enhancement using false trip root cause analysis

A distance relay, which is widely used for protecting a power transmission line as the primary as well as remote backup device, may be affected by the power disturbances such as power swings and post-faults. Consequently, false trips of protection system may be resulted. Root cause analysis based on fault tree analysis has been used to identify disturbances which may lead to false trips. Once the critical root causes have been identified, conventional mitigation measures are used and then, new blocking function and digital filters are proposed to enhance the security of the system. The quantitative analysis of the improved model shows a significant increase in the security which implies an appreciable enhancement of the reliability of the considered protection system.

Study of Coordination on Protection Relay in High Voltage Transmission 150 kV (Payakumbuh – Koto Padang, West Sumatra)

The disturbance of the high voltage transmission can be caused by a short circuit, overload, lightning surge, and other natural disturbances. That disturbance can lead to disruption of the distribution of electricity and damage to the electric power system installation equipment. A reliable protection system that can identify the disturbance quickly and also can securing affected parts of the system from other parts that can still operate normally are needed. Protection system operation may fail due to various factors; therefore, in addition to primary protection required backup protection that can work as primary protection fails to work. Distance relays can be used as primary protection as well as remote backup protection on high-voltage transmission. While overcurrent relay (OCR) and ground fault relay (GFR) is used as a local backup if distance relay failed to work. This research conducted a study of protection relays coordination for primary protection or backup protection on the high-voltage transmission that connects to Payakumbuh substation and Koto Panjang substation. Coordination is done by calculating the distance relay settings that use as primary protection as well as remote backup protection relay settings and calculating the overcurrent and ground fault relay that used as local backup protection. From the calculation, we get setting time to coordinate distance relay, overcurrent relay, and ground fault relay. Setting time was conducted to the first zone of the distance relay within 0 sec, and the second zone within 0.4 sec and third zone within 1.2 sec. For overcurrent relay and ground fault relay use time delay 1 second where the value is above the value that used in the second zone of distance relay. Distance relay can be coordinated with the auto-reclose relay to close the circuit breaker automatically sometime after a temporary disturbance. Setting that use to auto reclose relay is dead time 1 second and reclaim time 40 second. The coordination between the distance relay with auto-reclose relay can improve the quality of distribution of electrical energy.

A secure data backup scheme using multi‐factor authentication

Sensitive data stored in laptops or other mobile devices can easily be lost, stolen, misplaced or corrupted, the remote backup storage technique is used to address these issues; however, the backup server could not be fully trusted, the data should be encrypted in advance. Although the key is more easily protected due to the smaller size compared with the backup data, it is still impossible for ordinary human to remember. A user-centred design data backup scheme is proposed using multi-factor authentication. The user firstly selects a symmetrical key and divides it into three shares, then destroys the key. The key can easily be reconstructed by combining the shares stored in the user's smart card and the laptop. Even if the smart card or laptop is lost, the key can still be recovered with the password and biometrics. The proposed scheme not only achieves the required security goals but also is more robust and practical.

A new coordinated backup protection scheme for distribution network containing distributed generation

This paper proposes a new backup protection scheme, named coordinated backup protection (CBP) scheme, for distribution networks containing distributed generation. The proposed protection scheme takes into account the issues faced by traditional backup protection, such as difficulty in setting parameters and complex cooperation, and considers the features of distribution networks, such as changeable power flow because of high penetration of distributed generation sources and insufficient measuring quantities. The CBP scheme includes two aspects: coordinated substation protection and regional master substation protection, who also work as nearby backup protection and remote backup protection respectively. The two protections support each other by local information coordination and regional information sharing, in order to improve the reliability of fault identification. The configuration principles and performances of the proposed backup protection scheme are addressed in the paper. Different fault conditions in the IEEE 14-node system have been used to illustrate and verify the feasibility of the CBP scheme.

Adaptive Fault Detection Technology Research Based on Distributed Database Disaster

Distributed storage systems demonstrate superior performance in terms of capacity, I/O throughput and scalability, but the reliability of inexpensive components is not high, and it is easy to cause catastrophic consequences of data loss. Fault detection is a key technology to provide high availability for distributed system, the new adaptive fault detection system architecture is proposed in this paper, which considered availability and disaster recovery ability, is divided into four levels: 1) Client layer: in this layer, customers can keep in touch with local network or outside network disaster recovery/backup center; 2) Server layer: in this layer, the high availability is guaranteed by its backup scheme; 3) Local recovery layer: in this layer, data backup and recovery are realized through local real-time replication; 4)Remote recovery layer: in this layer, data backup and recovery are realized (delayed) through remote backup database. And we evaluated and tested this method in our lab network environment.

災害リスクを考慮したネットワークの経路制御手法の提案と評価

Most of public organizations and medical institutions make backup copies of their important data, such as residential and medical information, to local servers, remote servers, and cloud systems. However, when a major disaster strikes, it may cause serious damages not only on the local servers but also on network links to the remote servers and cloud systems. In such cases, we lose the local backup data, and besides, we have no access to the remote backup data for a while. The experience of the Great Eastern Japan Earthquake reminds us of the importance of another backup approach which transfers important data to low-risk servers in the neighborhood immediately after a disaster. To realize this backup approach, we propose a novel risk-aware smart routing scheme. For achieving effective data transmission in a time of disaster, the proposed scheme controls data routes dynamically according to the disaster risks of nodes and links in the network as well as the changing status of the network. This paper presents its detailed design and implementation by using Software Defined Network (SDN) technology. We evaluate the effectiveness of our scheme through the simulation experiments and confirm that it can achieve effective data transmission.

De-duplication on the Backup System with Information Storage in a Database

Prevention of data loss from digital media includes processes such as backup. It can be done manually by copying data to external media or automatically on schedule using special software. There are also remote backup systems, when data are saved over the network to some remote repository. Such systems are multi-user and process large amounts of data. A shared storage can have files containing the same fragments. The elimination of repeated data is based on the mechanism of deduplication. It is a method of information compression, when the search for copies is carried out in the entire dataset rather than within a single file. The main advantage of using this technology is significant saving of disk space. However, the mechanism of eliminating repetitive data can significantly reduce the rate of saving and restoring information. This paper is devoted to the problem of implementing such a mechanism in the backup system with information storage in a relational database. In this work we consider an example of implementation of such a system working in two modes: with and without data deduplication. This paper illustrates a class diagram for the development of the client part of the application as well as the description of tables and their relationships in a database that belongs to the backend. The author proposes an algorithm for saving data with deduplication, and also provides results of comparative tests on the speed of the algorithms for saving and recovering information when working with relational database management systems from various manufacturers.

Applying Intelligent Adaptation to Remote Cloud Datacenter Backup

HBase and Cassandra are two most commonly used large-scale distributed NoSQL database management systems; especially applicable to a large amount of data processing. Regarding remote data backup, each kind of datacenter has its own backup strategy to prevent the risks of data loss. With Thrift Java, this paper aims to implement in-cloud high efficient remote datacenter backup applied to in-cloud NoSQL databases like HBase and Cassandra. The binary communications protocol technology from Apache Thrift is employed to establish the graphical user interface instead of the command line interface so as to ease data manipulation. In order to control the network traffic flow smoothly, intelligent adaptation using ANFIS and PSO is employed to tune the parameters of NoSQL databases during the remote data backup to improve QoS in the network. The stress test has taken on strictly data reading/writing and remote backup of a huge amount of data to verify the effectiveness. Finally, the performance evaluation of a variety of benchmark databases has been done by performance index. As a result, the proposed HBase approach outperforms the other databases.

A new PMU based power swing detector to prevent mal-operation of distance relay

In conventional transmission line protection, a distance relay is used to provide the primary as well as remote backup protection. The voltage and current phasors measurement needed by the distance relay for determining the impedance may be affected by the power disturbances such as power swing. Consequently, this power swing may cause mal-operation of Zone three distance relays which in turn may affect on the reliability of the whole protective scheme. To mitigate these effects and hence improve the relay reliability, this work proposes a new real-time power swing detector using phasor measurement units for blinding the distance relay only during this transient disturbance. However, this developed detector will not block relay when the power swing accompanied with faults. To validate the present work, the performance of developed enhanced distance relay is tested by signals generated by Simulink/MATLAB simulator under different conditions. The test results show that this proposed scheme provides good discrimination between the transient currents and the fault current which in turn it may contribute in enhancing the reliability of Distance relay.

A modular neuro-wavelet based non-unit protection scheme for zone identification and fault location in six-phase transmission line

To overcome the constraints on land availability, infrastructure and environmental problems, six-phase transmission lines have been proposed as a potential alternative to increase the power transfer capability of existing transmission lines without major modification in the existing structure of three-phase double-circuit system. The non-availability of a proper protection scheme due to large number of possible faults has been the prime reason behind the low popularity and acceptance of six-phase system. In this regard, the present work proposes a protection scheme for six-phase transmission line based on the hybridization of discrete wavelet transform and modular artificial neural network. The fault information (approximate coefficients) in the voltage and current signals is captured using discrete wavelet transform. The standard deviation of the coefficients of voltage and current signals in each phase is then computed and given as input to modular artificial neural network, which aims at identifying the faulty section/zone and estimate its location. Test results exhibit that the proposed scheme effectively discriminates the faulted section and estimates the fault location with maximum error of 0.675 %. It offers primary protection to the total line length and also provides remote backup protection for the adjacent reverse section of the line using data at relaying point only and thus avoids the need of a communication link.

Eavesdropping Prevention for Network Coding Encrypted Cloud Storage Systems

Network coding is an important cloud storage technique, which can recover data with small repair bandwidth and high reliability compared to the existing erasure coding and replication methods. However, regardless of which data recovery technique is used, the repaired data in a geographically distributed cloud storage system are easy to be eavesdropped at the transmission link between the local datacenter and its remote backup site. This kind of network security issue is called link eavesdropping in this paper. For a network coded cloud storage system, we propose a systematic design methodology to determine the important data recovery system parameters for any specified security level. Through analysis, we present the performance curves to relate the remote repair bandwidth and the number of coded data fragments. Consequently, all the important system parameters of a network coded data recovery system, including the number of storage nodes and the link capacity between the datacenter and the backup site, can be precisely designed for satisfying different security level requirements.

Development of an automotive data acquisition platform for analysis of driving behavior

Abstract The main purpose of this work is to develop a low-cost data acquisition platform prototype for automotive telemetry applications such as driving style analysis, fleet management and fault detection. Measurement data, gathered from On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) sensors and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), are logged on the onboard device for remote backup. An accurate analysis of the collected data has been performed to identify the main parameters able to monitor driver behavior and to define suitable indexes to evaluate the driving performance. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of vehicle parameters during braking and gear shifting in order to classify different attitudes and generate driver profiles and trends. Understanding drivers’ characteristic behavior can contribute significantly to road safety, to define insurance premium, to engage user in saving fuel and money and to correlate faults of the car with the driving style.

Research on Database Remote Disaster Recovery and Backup Technology Based on Multi Point and Multi Hop

Research on Database Remote Disaster Recovery and Backup Technology Based on Multi Point and Multi Hop