Remedial Action Research Articles

Resource Management in Aurora Serverless

Amazon Aurora Serverless is an on-demand, autoscaling configuration for Amazon Aurora with full MySQL and PostgreSQL compatibility. It automatically offers capacity scale-up/down (i.e., vertical scaling) based on a customer database application's needs. For customers with time-varying workloads, it offers cost savings compared to provisioned Aurora or other alternatives due to its agile and granular scaling and its usage-based charging model. This paper describes the key ideas underlying Aurora Serverless's resource management. To help meet its goals, Aurora Serverless adapts and fine tunes well-established ideas related to resource over-subscription; reactive control informed by recent measurements; distributed & hierarchical decision-making; and innovations in the DB engine, OS, and hypervisor for efficiency. Perhaps the most challenging goal is to offer a consistent resource elasticity experience while operating hosts at high degrees of utilization. Aurora Serverless implements several novel ideas for striking a balance between these opposing needs. Its technique for mapping workloads to hosts ensures that, in the common case, there is adequate spare capacity within a host to support fast scale-up for a workload. In the rare event this is not so, it live migrates workloads to ensure seamless scale-up. Its load distribution strategy is characterized by "unbalancing" of load across hosts to enable agile live migrations. Finally, it employs a token bucket-based rate regulation mechanism to prevent a growing workload from saturating its host faster than live migration-based remedial actions.

Analisis Kegiatan Remedial untuk Siswa Kelas V-C yang Mengalami Kesulitan Penjumlahan dan Pengurangan Pecahan Campuran Di SDN Rangkah I Surabaya

Students who experience difficulties in learning are the teacher's responsibility to overcome the problems faced by students. One of the actions that teachers can take to help students with learning difficulties is through providing remedial activities. The purpose of this research is to find out the steps, obstacles and solutions to the problems of class V-C teachers in implementing remedial activities for students who experience difficulty adding and subtracting mixed fractions at SDN Rangkah I Surabaya. This research uses a method with a descriptive qualitative approach. This research uses data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation techniques. The results of this research are 1). The teacher's steps in implementing remedial activities are that the teacher analyzes the results of the diagnosis of student difficulties by referring to student test scores that are below the KKTP score of 60. Next, by planning remedial activities, the teacher arranges the day, date, time, method, media and prepares the questions that will be created for the activity. remedial. After everything has been carefully planned for remedial activities, the next step is for the teacher to carry out remedial activities for four students who are experiencing difficulties. Next, after carrying out the remedial activities, the teacher assesses the results of the remedial work for each student who took part in the remedial activities. 2). The obstacles for teachers in implementing remedial activities are that they require quite a long time, the physical condition of students is not enthusiastic and the differences in the characteristics of students' comprehension abilities. 3). The teacher's solution to the obstacles in implementing remedial activities is that the teacher maximizes the time for remedial activities, the teacher always provides encouragement in every implementation of remedial activities and the teacher explains again to students who do not understand the explanation individually.

Metagenomic evaluation of bacteria in drinking water using full-length 16S rRNA amplicons.

Escherichia coli and total coliforms are important tools for identifying potential faecal contamination in drinking water. However, metagenomics offers a powerful approach for delving deeper into a bacterial community when E. coli or total coliforms are detected. Metagenomics can identify microbes native to water systems, track community changes and potential pathogens introduced by contamination events, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment processes. Here, we demonstrate how the dual application of traditional monitoring practices and metagenomics can improve monitoring and surveillance for water resource management. The robustness of long-read metagenomics across replicates is demonstrated by the effect and interaction between manganese filters and bacterial communities, as well as the impact of chlorination after coliform detection. These examples reveal how metagenomics can identify the complex bacterial communities in the distribution system and the source waters used to supply drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). The knowledge gained increases confidence in identified causes and mitigations of potential contamination events. By exploring bacterial communities, we can gain additional insights into the impact of faecal contamination events and treatment processes. This insight enables more precise remediation actions and enhances confidence in communicating health risks to drinking water operators and the public.

Risk Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metal Exposure through Medicinal Herbs in the Indian State of West Bengal

Background: More than 80% of the world's population uses herbal remedies in some form. Heavy metal contamination and the attendant health risks of Indian herbal medicines are not adequately documented. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the health risks associated with four common heavy metal contaminants, namely lead, arsenic, cadmium, and mercury, present in raw medicinal herbs cultivated or growing wild in the West Bengal state of India. Method: A total of 197 raw herbs obtained from herbal medicine practitioners or wild plant col-lectors from 16 districts spread across 3 geographical zones (south, central, north) of West Bengal were analyzed. In accordance with AOAC specifications, all samples were dried in a hot air oven, ground into a coarse powder, and then processed and analyzed for heavy metals through atomic absorption spectrometry. The mean concentrations were estimated along with standard devia-tions, overall, zone-wise, and according to the botanical part tested. The standardized human health risk indices were calculated from the results. Results: Significant amounts of heavy metals were found in the herb samples analyzed in the order: lead in 150 samples (76.1%), arsenic in 84 (42.6%), cadmium in 77 (39%), and mercury in 47 (23.8%). Central zone samples had the highest concentrations of lead (10.06 μg/g), arsenic (0.62 μg/g), and cadmium (0.54 μg/g), while the greatest amount of mercury (0.08 μg/g) was obtained in herbs from South zone. There were also considerable variations with respect to the source of the botanical part. Lead and cadmium concentrations showed a significant positive cor-relation (r = 0.588). Although risk assessment using standardized measures indicated some risk, the human Hazard Index (HI) was less than 1 for all metals, indicating that it was mostly safe to use the herbs in the short-term. However, the risk of health issues from prolonged use still re-mains. Conclusion: Significant contaminations were identified, but exposure would mostly be within acceptable risk levels at present. However, since risk would be cumulative over time, programs need to be in place to monitor pharmaceutical herb safety, identify local sources of pollution, and take appropriate remedial action.

THE EFFECT OF HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGY ON HEALTH EXPENDITURES

This study aimed to determine the effect of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography imaging services, which are within the scope of health technologies, on Health Expenditures. Panel analyses was used for the analyses. In the study, health expenditures were determined as the dependent variable, and the number of MR imaging and CT imaging within the scope of health technology as the independent variable, and 16 countries with regular data for the years 2007-2018 were included in the analysis. These countries were Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, The Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Iceland, Israel, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Slovak Republic, and Slovenia. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that a one-unit increase in the number of Computed Tomography imaging increased health expenditures by 3.23 units, and a one-unit increase in the number of Magnetic Resonance imaging increased health expenditures by 21.9 units. The results of the study revealed that there was a positive and long-term relationship between health expenditures and the number of Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and there was a causal relationship in different directions between the variables. In addition, it has been determined that the number of Magnetic Resonance Imaging has increased more than the number of Computed Tomography imaging over the years, and that the number of Magnetic Resonance Imaging has a higher impact on health expenditures than Computed Tomography. When these two results were evaluated together, it is predicted that evaluating Magnetic Resonance Imaging and developing remedial activities will reduce health expenditures.

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika pada Materi Diagram Batang Siswa Kelas IV SDN Kalicari 01 Semarang

Mathematics learning is considered challenging for many students, with some sh. owing little interest or motivation to engage with the subject. This is often due to difficulties encountered during the learning process. This study aims to analyze students' difficulties in learning Mathematics, specifically focusing on bar diagram topics. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis involves data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Findings from the study reveal that the majority of Grade IVA students at SDN Kalicari 01 Semarang experience difficulties in remembering technical terms such as X-axis, Y-axis, and frequency. They also struggle with explaining bar diagram concepts in their own words and recalling the steps involved in creating bar diagrams. Efforts to address these challenges include implementing a more structured learning approach, actively interacting with class and support teachers for guidance, and utilizing aids or interactive media to enhance student engagement and comfort in learning. Additionally, remedial activities are conducted to help students improve their grades and assist teachers in assessing student learning progress

Foraging for the future: traditional culinary uses of wild plants in the Western Himalayas–Kashmir Valley (India)

BackgroundIn the intricate tapestry of food security, wild food species stand as pillars, nourishing millions in low-income communities, and reflecting the resilience and adaptability of human societies. Their significance extends beyond mere sustenance, intertwining with cultural traditions and local knowledge systems, underscoring the importance of preserving biodiversity and traditional practices for sustainable livelihoods.MethodsThe present study, conducted between February 2022 and August 2023 along the Line of Control in India’s Kashmir Valley, employed a rigorous data collection encompassing semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and specific field observations facilitated through a snowball sampling technique.Results and discussionThe comprehensive inventory includes 108 edible plant and fungal species from 48 taxonomic families, with Rosaceae (N = 11) standing out. Young and soft leaves (N = 60) are an important component of various culinary preparations, with vegetables (N = 65) being the main use, followed by fruits (N = 19). This use is seasonal, with collection peaks in March–April and June–August (N = 12). The study also highlights the importance of use value (UV), with Portulaca oleracea standing out as the plant taxon (UV = 0.61), while Asyneuma thomsoni has the lowest use value (UV = 0.15). Many species such as Senecio chrysanthemoides, Asperugo procumbens, Asyneuma thomsoni, and Potentilla nepalensis were classified as new for gastronomic use. Furthermore, the study underlines the great cultural importance of mushrooms such as Morchella esculenta and Geopora arenicola in influencing social hierarchies within the community. However, the transmission of traditional knowledge across generations is declining in the region. At the same time, the conservation of endangered plant species on the IUCN Red List, such as Trillium govanianum, Taxus wallichiana, Saussurea costus, and Podophyllum hexandrum, requires immediate attention.ConclusionConservation measures should be prioritized, and proactive remedial action is needed. Further research into the nutritional value of these edible species could pave the way for their commercial cultivation, which would mean potential economic growth for local communities, make an important contribution to food security in the area under study, and contribute to scientific progress.

Public enemies? The differential effects of reputation and celebrity on corporate misconduct scandalization

AbstractResearch SummaryWe explore misconduct scandalization's antecedents by focusing on the rational and emotional bases underlying reputation and celebrity, and considering how they can enhance or reduce the likelihood misconduct is scandalized as a function of the misconduct's objective and perceived severity. Specifically, we argue the quantifiable nature of objective misconduct severity enhances reputation's rational influence, but attenuates celebrity's emotion‐based appeal. Conversely, perceived misconduct severity reduces reputation's influence, while enhancing the media‐driven interest in celebrity firms' behaviors. Our findings based on corporate data breaches confirm that objective severity amplifies reputation's effect and attenuates celebrity's effect, while perceived severity amplifies celebrity's effect and attenuates reputation's effect. Our findings highlight the importance of social evaluations' sociocognitive content in understanding why only some misconduct becomes scandalized.Managerial SummaryCommitting misconduct is costly; having it scandalized is devastating. Yet little is known about how social evaluations influence why only some firms' misconduct is scandalized, beyond the vague notion that prominent firms' misconduct attracts media attention. We find that the rational and emotional bases of firms' evaluations matter. High reputation, based on the rational assessment of firms' capabilities, increases the likelihood of scandalization for objectively severe misconduct, and the influence of celebrity—originating from audiences' emotional resonance with firms' unconventional traits and behaviors—weakens as objective severity increases. Conversely, reputation's influence weakens, and celebrity's influence strengthens, as media “availability cascades” grow and increase perceived severity. In addition to providing a more realistic portrayal of media behavior, we offer insights into post‐misconduct communications and remedial actions.

Sanitary Problems and Trace Metals Bioaccumulation during Drip Irrigation with Treated Wastewater in Okra

Water scarcity, mainly in arid and semi-arid zones, has encouraged efforts to adopt non-conventional waters for food production and agricultural development. Treated Wastewater (TWW) is one of the most continuously produced, accessible, and inexpensive water resources, with great potential for use in irrigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of drip irrigation methods (surface vs. subsurface at 15 cm depth) and water quality (borehole water vs. treated wastewater) on soil water content, morphological and physiological traits, and nutrient content in the plant and fruit of okra grown in the Nabeul region of north-west Tunisia, a semi-arid zone. The results indicated that Okra yield was significantly affected by water quality rather than irrigation technique. Irrigation with TWW significantly increased the Okra plant height; leaf number; total fruit/m²; final yield and leaf area compared with borehole water. Nutrient levels (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn) in Okra plant parts (root, stem, leaf, and fruit) were also significantly increased with TWW in subsurface drip irrigation. Apart from these increased parameters were related to better soil moisture and increased available nutrients in the root zone. In terms of bioaccumulation, apart from Ni, the elements analyzed (Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Co, Cd) in plant and fruits showed higher values in treated wastewater than in borehole water with fruit values exceeding the toxicity threshold for Cd and Pb. Furthermore, the increase in the content of trace metal elements analyzed in the fruit following irrigation with TWW did not affect the human Health Risk Index (HRI), which remained below 1 for all treatments. Furthermore, with regard to bacterial and fungal contamination of fruit, we note that although these parameters are significantly higher in Irrigation with TWW, they remain below the toxicity thresholds. Thus, the long-term effect and continuous monitoring of the water and fruit quality in wastewater-irrigated areas to take remedial actions for sustainable agriculture development and protect ecosystems are recommended.

Integrating arsenic bioaccessibility uncertainty and human exposure variability for setting up site-specific remedial goals

Arsenic is a highly toxic soil contaminant, which is a major public concern. The universal health risk models and global efforts on deriving remedial goals for arsenic-contaminated soil have not yielded the desired or very satisfactory results. In this study, we developed a probabilistic risk-assessment method with a two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulation by integrating arsenic bioaccessibility uncertainty and human exposure variability. We found that arsenic bioavailability significantly varied in gastric (0.59–43.20%) and intestinal (0.72–44.22%) phases owing to arsenic fractions and total iron content. We showed that the mean carcinogenic risk at the 95th percentile was 7.64 × 10−5, exceeding the acceptable risk level (10−6), and the non-carcinogenic risk was 3.48, exceeding the acceptable risk level (1.0). Finally, we recommend 25.72 mg/kg as a remedial goal for the site based on this new approach. Overall, this study demonstrated that the improved method effectively mitigates the conservative nature of the existing regulatory approach. The improved approach helps prevent unnecessary remediation actions, supporting SDG 13 climate action by lowering pollutant and carbon emissions.

The impact of DNA extraction on the quantification of Legionella, with implications for ecological studies.

Monitoring the levels of opportunistic pathogens in drinking water is important to plan interventions and understand the ecological niches that allow them to proliferate. Quantitative PCR is an established alternative to culture methods that can provide a faster, higher-throughput, and more precise enumeration of the bacteria in water samples. However, PCR-based methods are still not routinely applied for Legionella monitoring, and techniques, such as DNA extraction, differ notably between laboratories. Here, we quantify the impact that DNA extraction methods had on downstream PCR quantification and community sequencing. Through a community science campaign, we collected 50 water samples and corresponding shower hoses, and compared two commonly used DNA extraction methodologies to the same biofilm and water phase samples. The two methods showed clearly different extraction efficacies, which were reflected in both the quantity of DNA extracted and the concentrations of Legionella enumerated in both the matrices. Notably, one method resulted in higher enumeration in nearly all samples by about one order of magnitude and detected Legionella in 21 samples that remained undetected by the other method. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing revealed that the relative abundance of individual taxa, including sequence variants of Legionella, significantly varied depending on the extraction method employed. Given the implications of these findings, we advocate for improvement in documentation of the performance of DNA extraction methods used in drinking water to detect and quantify Legionella, and characterize the associated microbial community.IMPORTANCEMonitoring for the presence of the waterborne opportunistic pathogen Legionella is important to assess the risk of infection and plan remediation actions. While monitoring is traditionally carried on through cultivation, there is an ever-increasing demand for rapid and high-throughput molecular-based approaches for Legionella detection. This paper provides valuable insights on how DNA extraction affects downstream molecular analysis such as the quantification of Legionella through droplet digital PCR and the characterization of natural microbial communities through sequencing analysis. We analyze the results from a risk-assessment, legislative, and ecological perspective, showing how initial DNA processing is an important step to take into account when shifting to molecular-based routine monitoring and discuss the central role of consistent and detailed reporting of the methods used.

Anomaly detection for geological carbon sequestration monitoring

Geological carbon sequestration (GCS) is a method to reduce the emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere. During GCS operations CO2 is captured from the atmosphere or industrial activities and stored in geological formations for permanent storage. Monitoring is an important element of GCS because it ensures that the stored CO2 remains safely contained in the intended formation during the long term. Additionally, monitoring wells can help to detect CO2 leaks, prompt remediation actions, and provide valuable information to optimize storage by monitoring the behavior of the CO2 over time. In this work, we propose a method for GCS anomaly detection based on an LSTM Autoencoder Neural Network and Isolation Forest. The LSTM-Autoencoder uses the monitor Bottomhole Pressure (BHP) response while CO2 is being injected into a geological structure. To account for the subsurface uncertainty, multiple subsurface model realizations are created, and using reservoir simulation, the multiple monitor BHP are generated to capture the subsurface uncertainty. Anomaly BHP points are detected using the residuals of the LSTM-Autoencoder and Isolation Forest. Additionally, an anomaly score based on the subsurface uncertainty is proposed. Finally, the method robustness is evaluated using point outliers, level shift outliers, and transient shift outliers as anomaly BHP signals. Early detection of abnormal BHP pressure signals can indicate the presence of subsurface fractures, faults, or leaks. Consequently, the correct detection of anomaly points in the pressure signals is of great importance.

ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION AND HEALTH RISK ASSOCIATED WITH SELECTED BOREHOLE WATER PROXIMAL TO A DUMPSITE IN GIWO, BAUCHI STATE

Water quality is a critical concern for human well-being and ecological stability, particularly as groundwater serves as a vital source of freshwater globally, sustaining various societal sectors. Human activities have increasingly polluted groundwater with contaminants, notably heavy metals, presenting potential health hazards to communities reliant on these water sources. This study investigates heavy metal contamination in borehole water samples from four distinct locations within Giwo, Bauchi State, Nigeria, and evaluates the associated long-term health risks of consuming this water. Analysis of the water samples identified iron to have the highest concentration (1.140 mg/L) while lead recorded the lowest concentration (0.0003 mg/L), the concentrations of zinc and copper across all the four locations were within the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) established by the Nigerian Industrial Standard (NIS) of 3.0 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L. The Average Daily Intake (ADI) from water consumption for, zinc, iron, copper, cadmium, and manganese were consistently below their corresponding Reference Doses (RfDs) of 0.3 mg/kg/day, 0.7 mg/kg/day, 0.04 mg/kg/day, 0.0005 mg/kg/day, and 0.14 mg/kg/day, respectively for all water samples analyzed while the remaining heavy metals exhibited ADIs exceeding their established RfDs. Hazard Quotient (HQ) values for most metals were below the threshold of 1, suggesting a relatively low risk of adverse health effects. However, prolonged consumption of this water may heighten cumulative health risks associated with specific heavy metals, warranting continuous monitoring and remedial actions.

Implementation of telemedicine solutions in the field of geriatrics and gerontology field: risk management and remedial actions

Implementation of telemedicine solutions in the field of geriatrics and gerontology field: risk management and remedial actions

Green Transformation: Trends and Prospects of Green Jobs in Romania

Green Transformation: Trends and Prospects of Green Jobs in Romania. This study investigates the trends and potential of green jobs in Romania, particularly focusing on sectors crucial to the green economy, such as agriculture, energy, and waste management. The emergence of green jobs signifies a shift towards ecological sustainability and economic resilience, highlighted by the growth in sectors A (Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing), D (Electricity, Gas, Steam, and Air Conditioning Supply), and E (Water Supply; Sewerage, Waste Management, and Remediation Activities) from NACE rev.2 codes. The analysis reveals an evolving labor market, with an increase in sustainable agricultural practices and a shift towards more sustainable energy production methods. Furthermore, significant increases in average annual net wages across these sectors from 2018 to 2023 suggest an appreciation of labor value in green jobs, potentially reflecting heightened demand, technological advancements, and a shift towards more specialized skill sets. This study contributes to the academic discourse on green jobs, offering valuable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and the labor market in fostering a sustainable and resilient economy. Future research should address methodological limitations, explore the impact of policy interventions, and examine the role of technological advancements in developing green jobs in Romania. Keywords: green jobs; sustainable development; GIS; agriculture; energy; waste management; labor market dynamics; Romania.

Manajemen Peserta Didik Sekolah Dasar (Studi Multi Situs pada SDN Paringin Selatan 1 dan SD IT Darul Fikri Kabupaten Balangan)

The aim of this research is to describe student management including student admission planning, student development and student evaluation at SDN Paringin Selatan 1 and SD IT Darul Fikri, Balangan Regency. This research is qualitative research in the form of case studies at 2 sites, namely SDN Paringin Selatan 1 and SD IT Darul Fikri. The research data sources are school principals and teachers. Data collection was carried out through interviews, observation and documentation and then analyzed using within-site data analysis, individual site analysis and cross-case data analysis. Checking the validity of the data was carried out by source triangulation. The research results from 2 research sites illustrate that student admission planning includes stages starting from analyzing student needs, such as planning the number of students who will be accepted, forming a new student admissions committee and holding promotions and outreach, implementing the School Environment Introduction Period (MPLS). Developing students by creating a comfortable and conducive learning atmosphere, integrating the general curriculum with character and religious education values. Organizing extracurricular activities as a means of channeling students' talents and potential. Student evaluations, attitude competency evaluations, knowledge competency and skill competency evaluations are all contained in evaluation reports in the form of student report cards, remedial implementation and teacher performance evaluations. The conclusion of this research is that student recruitment planning includes: analysis of student needs, student recruitment planning, student selection, student orientation and reporting of new student data. Student development includes coaching in the learning process, coaching in extracurricular activities and coaching students in discipline. Student evaluation includes the development of children's knowledge, reports on children's learning outcomes, remedial activities and evaluation of teacher performance. Keywords: Elementary School Students, Management olah Dasar

Implementasi Pembelajaran PAI pada Sekolah Inklusi di Sekolah Inklusi SDN Mentikan 1 Mojokerto

Inclusive schools play a crucial role in accepting all students, including those with special needs (ABK). However, not all inclusive schools successfully implement this concept effectively. This research focuses on SDN Mentikan 1 Mojokerto as an example of an inclusive school, where ABK and regular students learn together with adapted teaching. Specifically, the study explores the planning, implementation, and evaluation of Islamic Education (PAI) learning in the 4th grade. Qualitative methods and a case study approach were utilized, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings indicate that PAI teachers use the same curriculum for both regular and ABK students, implementing full inclusion, clustering, and pull-out models in ABK learning services. The PAI learning process in the 4th grade involves joint participation of ABK and regular students, in accordance with the prepared lesson plans. The evaluation of PAI learning encompasses cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects of ABK, using methods such as exams, daily assessments, projects/products, and other evaluations. Remedial actions are taken as needed during the evaluation. This research provides an overview of inclusive PAI at SDN Mentikan 1, highlighting challenges and potential improvements to support the optimal development of all students, especially ABK, in the context of inclusive schooling. The study aims to understand the supporting factors and obstacles in implementing PAI learning in inclusive schools.

Unveiling The Detection of File Less Malware from Dark Web: A Stealthy Arsenal for Web Application Exploitation

The proliferation of fileless malware poses a significant threat to web application security, especially when sourced from the dark web. This paper presents a novel detection tool designed to identify and mitigate fileless malware sourced from the dark web, specifically targeting web applications. Leveraging advanced anomaly detection and behavioral analysis techniques, the tool monitors real-time traffic and user interactions, enabling the early detection of malicious activities. Additionally, the tool integrates seamlessly with threat intelligence sources, enhancing its ability to recognize emerging threats. A user-centric alerting system ensures that administrators are promptly notified of potential security breaches, allowing for immediate remediation actions. The tool's adaptability and continuous enhancement mechanisms ensure that it stays ahead of evolving threats. By employing this detection tool, organizations can bolster their web application security posture and protect sensitive data from sophisticated fileless malware attacks.

The use of patient-related outcomes (PRO) and experience (PRE) in assessing the periodontal and implant patient.

The purpose of this review was to summarize the evidence with regard to behavioral and psychosocial assessment of the periodontitis patient, the candidate for implant therapy, and the peri-implantitis patient. Periodontitis has an adverse effect on quality of life and its treatment can lead to significant improvements experienced by the patient. The latter is true for rehabilitation with dental implants, although patients harbor diverse expectations and perceptions of implant therapy, which can often interfere with satisfaction and/or influence long-term success. A thorough behavioral assessment of the candidate for implant therapy is essential, which should include, perceptions, expectations, as well as risk for behavioral disorders. Remedial action is essential to correct misperceptions and any identified risks. Finally, patients have limited awareness of limited ability to identify signs of peri-implantitis. The diagnosis of peri-implantitis can be a cause of significant distress, resentment, and loss of trust to the treatment and the caregivers. Despite documented value in clinical research, currently available instruments assessing patient-reported outcomes have little application in day-to-day clinical practice. Face-to-face patient to doctor open-ended communication remains the most effective way to comprehensively establish the long-term "therapeutic alliance" essential for the long journey for the periodontitis patient.

The value of real-time adjustable remedial action schemes

Remedial action schemes (RAS) are often seen as an inexpensive way to relieve contingency-related grid congestion without building new transmission infrastructure. However, RAS settings often remain fixed during real-time operation and do not adapt to variation in operating conditions due to renewable and distributed generation. This lack of adaptability may cause suboptimal settings and possibly insecure operations. To assess the value of allowing RAS settings to vary real time and the benefit of considering multiple load and generation scenarios, we propose a mixed integer optimization framework which identifies optimal RAS actions while incorporating multiple load and renewable energy scenarios. We also propose an iterative algorithm that efficiently solves the optimization problem, leveraging the fact that only a few scenarios and contingencies are binding at optimality. We demonstrate the benefits of (i) updating RAS more frequently and (ii) considering multiple load scenarios by performing case studies on the RTS-GMLC system.