Relocation Area Research Articles

The construction of temporary and permanent housing after the Semeru eruption as a new strategy for post-disaster reconstruction

Mount Semeru in East Java erupted on December 4, 2021, which resulted in dozens of residents in Lumajang Regency dying and thousands of residents fleeing. The government is programming the rehabilitation of infrastructure and facilities, including reconstructing temporary and permanent housing for refugees. The research location is in the refugee relocation area in Sumbermujur Village, Candipuro District. In post-disaster reconstruction programs, permanent housings are built after temporary housings have been occupied for several months. However, in Lumajang Regency, the government accelerated the construction of permanent housing so that the developer completed the permanent housing earlier than the temporary housing. Two types of residential units were built simultaneously on a plot of site by different developers, so problems arose in combining the different housing types. After conducting literature studies and general observations, the researcher selected five cases for further observation. The criteria and technical specifications for temporary units are stated in Lumajang Regent Regulation Number 1 of 2022. The construction of permanent units uses RISHA technology. The two types of housing are planned to be directly connected in integration. This paper aims to explain the implementation of the construction of temporary and permanent housing and identify problems in combining the two types of housing in one plot. Researchers found four categories of issues, namely: differences in floor height at the connection between two building units, door and window openings that do not function because they meet the wall, two areas of the roof that are not connected properly, and there are gaps in the connection between units.

Development of Mount Sinabung Refugee Relocation Areas Through Tourism Villages in the Siosar Area, Karo District, North Sumatra Province

Regional development planning is aimed at achieving harmony and balance in development between regions in accordance with their natural potential and utilizing this potential in an efficient, orderly and safe manner. For this reason, based on Law no. 24 of 1992 concerning Spatial Planning, a National Spatial Plan (RTRWN) has been drawn up which has been stipulated through Government Regulation no. 47 of 1997 as a reference for national development planning. The development of the relocation area for Siosar Village, Karo Regency, requires support from relevant stakeholders, namely the Karo Regency Government, the Karo DPRD and Entrepreneurs. It is hoped that this will further strengthen the development of the Siosar Village relocation area into a Tourism Village. The urgency of this research is to find out the potential for opening the Siosar tourism village to become a tourist village and from a socio-economic point of view of the community. The data collection technique is to distribute questionnaires to stakeholders including the public and visitors. The data analysis technique used uses the smartPLS approach and the result is that there are socio-economic influences on the community in regional development. The socio-economic community also has an influence on tourist villages. The tourism village has an influence on regional development and through the Sobel test, the tourism village variable is able to mediate the socio-economic conditions of the community towards regional development.

Implementing the Smart Village Concept for Disaster Relocation Area : A case Study of Mount Semeru Eruption Relocation Settlements in Lumajang Regency

The eruption of Mount Semeru was able to attract national attention, raising the assumption that early warning conditions for the community were considered poor. This was motivated by the unpreparedness of residents in carrying out self-evacuation so many victims were lost and the community had to be homeless. The research location is in Sumbermujur Village, Candipuro District, Lumajang Regency with an area of 81 Ha. This study aims to determine the conditions, priority aspects, and adaptation strategies of the community and government in areas affected by the eruption of Mount Semeru. The method used in this study is a multilevel Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine development priorities that can be carried out in implementing the smart village concept in the Mount Semeru relocation residential area. The smart village components studied include Smart Economy, Smart People, Smart Government, Smart Environment, and Smart Living. The results showed that the priority variable is smart People, with priority indicators on each variable being the use of information technology in production, distribution, and consumption schemes; level of education; Integrated online-based public services; Application of regulations related to sustainable villages; Educational facilities.

Examining the links between household livelihood resilience and vulnerability: disaster resettlement experience from rural China

Livelihood status of rural households is the focus of disaster resettlement research. Influenced by various factors, rural households face multiple environmental and social pressures after relocation, and the study of livelihood resilience and vulnerability provides a new framework for research into the livelihoods of relocated households. There has been a call for more quantitative evidence about the links between livelihood resilience and livelihood vulnerability in the context of disaster resettlement. This study uses data from a sample of 657 individuals from the relocation area of Ankang prefecture in southern Shaanxi, China. The resilience of rural household livelihood systems is quantified in terms of two dimensions of general resilience and specific resilience using the spatial vector method from systems engineering. The IPCC framework was used to measure three dimensions of livelihood vulnerability: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptability, and a threshold regression model was applied to investigate the impacts of livelihood resilience on livelihood vulnerability. Results show that: (i) livelihood vulnerability of relocated households (−0.042) was significantly lower than that of local households (0.091), while relocated households in the process of livelihood reconstruction had a certain degree of vulnerability risk. (ii) there is a significant threshold effect of livelihood resilience on livelihood vulnerability of rural households. (iii) increasing livelihood resilience significantly reduced the degree of vulnerability of rural households, and the marginal effect of general resilience on livelihood vulnerability shows a decreasing trend. Specific resilience has a positive influence on livelihood vulnerability before it exceeds the threshold, but the effect disappears above the threshold of resilience. (iv) The threshold value of livelihood resilience of local households (0.5039) is generally lower than that of relocated households (0.6548), and relocation does improve the ability of rural households to resist uncertainty risks. It is necessary for local governments to formulate more targeted policies to reduce the livelihood vulnerability of rural households and thereby promote sustainable livelihood development.

Sustainable development study of the post-disaster housing resettlement case in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia case study: Nglepen Village and Pagerjurang Village

According to Government Regulation No. 21 of 2008, chapter 67, article 3, the Government of Indonesia promotes community involvement in the post-disaster housing recovery act. The resettlement case in Nglepen Village and Pagerjurang Village is categorized as a rapid and massive recovery based on a contractor-based strategy due to limited land availability, budgetary constraints, post-disaster emergency conditions, and the government’s responsibility to provide large numbers of sufficient housing units. In specific circumstances, the condition of the relocation houses will typically not be able to meet the needs of most residents. This study emphasized the sustainable development of the two case studies and highlighted different private residential housing types: 1) a dome-shaped reinforced structure house in Nglepen and 2) a conventional reinforced concrete structural frame house in Pagerjurang. The two different structural housing system types will affect the sustainable development of the housing condition. Field surveys and interviews were conducted in 2022–2023 to collect the primary data, and study of literacy was used to support the findings and analyzed through a descriptive qualitative method. The sustainable development in the case study relocation area is mainly influenced by aspects such as the economic sector, development priorities related to the residents’ activities and needs, and the adaptive design strategy between old and new buildings. According to the disaster management law and derivative regulations, the Government of Indonesia has sought ideal conditions for disaster-affected residents in the relocation and reconstruction processes. The study’s conclusions suggested that the government, beneficiaries, and all stakeholders must collaborate to improve post-disaster housing and settlement relocation planning and reconstruction in the future by involving the residents in the process of deciding on the location, managing the development, and creating comprehensively sustainable development guidelines for the people’s houses and its living environment.

ON RELOCATION OF SETTLEMENT AFTER THE CIANJUR EARTHQUAKE AND LANDSLIDE 2022

An Earthquake and landslide occurred in Cianjur, Indonesia, in November 2022. This resulted in a lot of losses, both fatalities and the disappearance of some settlements. Relocation would be obligatory as post-disaster mitigation policies for areas with highest disaster threats. This research was conducted to find its relocation areas. The method used is overlay and scoring by utilizing GIS applications. The used data are rainfall data, slope, geological maps, Cianjur earthquake hazard maps, fault line buffering, and supervised classification of land cover/use maps. Analysis of the results in the form of landslide hazard maps and disaster safety maps. The search for the expected relocation area is carried out by overlaying a disaster-safe map with residential areas, so that a post-disaster residential relocation recommendation map is produced with five classes, namely very good, good, medium, bad, and very bad. An analysis is also carried out for directions for the use of the affected area for the very bad class used as a protected area and no buildings are allowed on it. Bad class is not allowed to live on it, but can be used for social activities, plantations and paddy fields. The moderate vulnerability class can still be used as a residence, economic centre, or other social activities. Meanwhile, the safe and very safe vulnerability classes do not have any land use restrictions.

Groundwater level influence on liquefaction potential at Pombewe housing site, Sigi regency, Central Sulawesi

The September 28, 2018, earthquake in Palu, Central Sulawesi, caused liquefaction and destroyed at least 3,720 houses. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the potential of liquefaction in choosing a residential location, especially in liquefaction-prone zones. The parameters of soil type, seismicity, and the groundwater table as a determinant of the saturation level determine liquefaction potential. The research aims to see the influence of groundwater level parameters in increasing the liquefaction potential when other parameters are met. The study was conducted at the Pombewe permanent housing site, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. This shelter is an official relocation area for victims of the 2018 earthquake. Preliminary data stated that the location is safe from liquefaction potential because it has a deep groundwater table. The study used the CPT-based liquefaction triggering procedure method by Boulanger and Idriss and assumed that the groundwater table at the site was shallow. The Liquefaction Potential Index determines the potential liquefaction level. The results show that the area under review will only experience liquefaction if the groundwater table is above 1.0-11.6 meters (LPI>0). If the water table rises above that depth, the LPI value increases to 1.6x10-9 – 0.44. Thus, the water table is a determining parameter in analyzing the liquefaction potential of an area.

Impact of Different Models of Relocating Coal Mining Villages on the Livelihood Resilience of Rural Households—A Case Study of Huaibei City, Anhui Province

Applying the livelihood resilience theory to the relocation of coal mining villages, the present study explored the levels and the factors hindering livelihood resilience among farmers under different relocation models. This has important implications for enhancing the livelihood resilience of farmers during coal mining relocation and promoting rural revitalization in coal mining areas. Based on the livelihood resilience framework and the actual conditions of mining areas, we formulated an evaluation index system, employed the stratified mean square deviation method to determine weights, used the comprehensive index method to assess the livelihood resilience level, and investigated the obstacles to livelihood resilience among farmers under different relocation models using the random forest model. The results indicate the following: first, the overall livelihood resilience level in the coal mining relocation area of Huaibei City is low and is not significantly different among the four types, with the ranking being as follows: central village agglomeration type > township-centered village construction type > mining-village combination type > suburban community type. Significant differences exist in the indicators and dispersion levels of the resilience dimensions of buffering capacity, self-organization ability, and learning ability among farmers under different relocation models. Second, factors such as household deposits, labor force quantity, social networks, and participation in village collective meetings significantly affect the livelihood resilience level of farmers. However, the degree of influence varies under different relocation models. Third, improvements such as increasing employment opportunities, investing in education resources, and building social networks are necessary to improve farmers’ livelihoods under the four types of relocation models.

Studi Pendekatan Biofilik pada Rumah Sakit Tipe C di Area Relokasi Erupsi Semeru Kabupaten Lumajang

Lumajang city has six hospitals that can be used by the people, but has a very far distance from residential areas around Mount Semeru, especially in the relocation area for survivors of the Mount Semeru eruption. The design of a type C hospital in the relocation area of Mount Semeru eruption survivors is a manifestation of disaster risk management through programs and policies to minimize the impact of disasters. The method of discussion is a descriptive qualitative with the literature studies as the main sources. The design process used leads to a repeated continuously process. Design using biophilic architecture is a design that provides an opportunity for people to live in a healthy environment, a place that can reduce stress by integrating natural elements into the design. This is according to the patient’s condition who requires elements of environment that can accelerate recovery. Biophilic architectural approaches that can support the patient's healing process, such as providing a garden as the main orientation, green walls, skylight, and static rooms with balconies come with colorful plants such as bougenville, rose, and hibiscus that are pleasing to the eye.

Capacity Analysis of Variation Emulative Precast Beam-Column Joints with Finite Element Method

The construction of multistory buildings is currently increasing rapidly. Optimal construction methods are needed particularly in the construction of high-rise buildings. There are two construction methods for multistory buildings that are currently developing, cast-in-place and precast methods. Beam-column joint is important things in both construction methods. In precast systems, the element components and planning affect the structural performance and overall design. Beam-column joint capacity and performance of a plastic hinge relocation method needs to be tested. Testing of the cruciform beam-column joint was carried out using the nonlinear finite element method and compared with the results of laboratory test data. There are 8 beam-column joint models with 2 of them not using plastic hinge relocation method. The results of beam-column joint capacity analysis from manual and finite element methods at yield condition generally give smaller values with a difference of 0,17% - 8,32% than the reference data. While at the ultimate condition, the beam-column joint capacity of the finite element analysis produces a greater value with a difference of 0,52% - 13,83%. The yielding of reinforcement in each model occurs in the predetermined relocation area especially for CBJ90, CBJU and CBJR models.

Persepsi dan Kapasitas Adaptif Warga Terdampak Penggusuran Proyek Jalur Ganda Kereta Api Bogor-Sukabumi (Kasus di Wilayah Relokasi RT 04/RW 01 Kelurahan Bojongkerta, Kecamatan Bogor Selatan, Kota Bogor, Jawa Barat)

­­Infrastructure development tends to cause new problems where people in residential areas become victims of evictions so that people need to have good adaptive capacity in order to survive from the impact of evictions. This study aims to analyze the effect of perceptions on the adaptive capacity of residents affected by the eviction of the Bogor-Sukabumi double track railway project. The study used survey method with questionnaire and in-depth interviews as data collection tools from 52 residents living in the eviction relocation area RT 04/RW 01 Bojongkerta Village, South Bogor District, Bogor City and some informants. Simple linear regression analysis shows that there is no significant influence of perceived eviction impact on adaptive capacity. However, the inverse direction of the relationship shows a tendency that poor perceptions of the eviction impact increase adaptive capacity of residents affected by the eviction of Bogor-Sukabumi double track railway project.

Evaluation of Settlement Relocation Due to the 2018 Palu Earthquake

The earthquake followed by the Tsunami and Liquefaction in Palu City, Donggala Regency and Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi Province on Friday, September 28, 2018 with a magnitude of 7.4 on the Richter Scale has resulted in hundreds of people missing, more than two thousands of people injured and thousands of people dying. BNPB informed that there was quite a lot of physical damage to facilities and infrastructure, including several houses and public facilities in residential locations. The steps taken in response to the incident were the relocation of settlements in disaster-affected areas, one of which was in the Sidera Transmigration settlement area. This article aims to analyze and evaluate the relocation of settlements, especially in the Sidera Transmigration settlement area. The method used is thematic mapping of the factors that determine land suitability for settlements, and spatial analysis using map overlay techniques complemented by quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis and evaluation indicate that the transmigration area used as a residential relocation area for disaster victims is quite appropriate and meets the requirements for living, feasible for business, suitable for development, and environmental friendly.

Lived Experiences of First Batch of Returned IDPs in Marawi City: A Post-Conflict Scenario

This study focused on the experiences of the first group of returned internally displaced people to be sheltered in Sagonsongan Temporary Shelters two years prior. Triangulation approach were employed to obtain data using a cross-sectional survey and simple random sampling. 221 important informants participated in the study. The objective of this study was to assess IDPs’ situation on the ground. In general, this study discovered three major issues that IDPs consistently faced: health and nutrition, livelihood, and sanitation. It was revealed that IDPs infrequently received dietary and health-related support and asserted confidently that they only received generic and 'not' healthy food products such as sardines, low-quality rice, and low-cost beans. Also, the shelter lacked adequate medical facilities and personnel to address the medical needs of IDPs, especially during emergencies. The drainage system was a potential source of dengue, leptospirosis, and other pathogens that pose a risk to human health due to its inadequate design, which inhibits precipitation from draining. Moreover, it was revealed that there was a lack of and insufficient livelihood support in the shelter. Capacity building was also a mismatch because there was no technical job available following the training. Hence, the relocation area is not conducive to sustaining a livelihood. In addition, it was determined that the level of sanitation in the shelter differs from one area to the next. Nevertheless, garbage disposal management in the area is often inadequate. As a result of inefficient waste management and an unhealthy environment, cockroaches, flies, and mosquitoes thrive

Study on the Coupling Relationship between Relocation for Poverty Alleviation and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Rocky Desertification in Karst Areas of Southwest China

The implementation of China’s ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation project has alleviated the further deterioration of the ecological environment in the relocation area. It can create favorable conditions for the management of ecological problems such as the natural restoration of rocky desertification and soil erosion. Panzhou City, Guizhou Province, is one of the key areas for the implementation of ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation projects in the 13th Five-Year Plan for China’s National Economic and Social Development. The typical ecological problem of karst rocky desertification is an important factor hindering the sustainable development of local society, economy, and ecology. Based on the five-phase remote sensing images and relocated population data, the dynamic change rate, transition matrix, and coupling coordination degree model are utilized to analyze the spatiotemporal changes in rocky desertification in Panzhou City. Meanwhile, the cellular automata (CA) Markov model is used to simulate its future scenarios of rocky desertification. The results show that (i) over the past 20 years, the vegetation coverage in Panzhou has generally increased. The implementation of the ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation project has significantly promoted the reduction of the area and degree of rocky desertification. After relocation (2015–2020), the positive improvement rate of rocky desertification accelerated. (ii) After relocation, the potential rocky desertification (PRD), light rocky desertification (LRD), medium rocky desertification (MRD), severe rocky desertification (SRD), and extreme severe rocky desertification (ESRD) showed a trend of transition to the no rocky desertification (NRD). The improvement effect of rocky desertification is remarkable, and the main contribution is from the PRD and LRD. (iii) The greater the relocation intensity is, the more obvious the improvement effect of the rocky desertification area is, and the higher the corresponding coupling coordination level is. The coupling coordination between LRD and relocation intensity is the highest. (iiii) The forecast results show that by 2025 and 2035, rocky desertification in Panzhou will continue to improve.

PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT PASCA BENCANA ERUPSI GUNUNG SINABUNG DI RELOKASI SIOSAR KABUPATEN KARO

Mount Sinabung is one of two mountains that have been designated as active in Karo Regency so far. When an eruption occurs, it will cause a lot of damage and loss. In restoring it, the provision of assistance to the community and community empowerment efforts after the eruption of Mount Sinabung were carried out in three ways, namely, creating an atmosphere or climate that allows the potential of the community to develop, strengthening the potential or power of the community (empowering), and protecting and defending the interests of the weak. so as not to get weaker. Efforts to empower the community after the eruption of Mount Sinabung were carried out in three methods, namely, creating an atmosphere or climate that allows the potential of the community to develop, strengthening the capabilities or potentials of the community (empowering), and protecting and defending the interests of the weak so as not to get weaker. This research uses a qualitative type of research with a descriptive case study approach in order to describe cases in the field and share answers to cases encountered. The results of this study found that community empowerment after the eruption of Mount Sinabung in the relocation of Siosar, Karo Regency had increased. This is due to the three stages of community empowerment that exist, the community in the Siosar relocation area has a large level of empowerment in the process of creating an atmosphere or climate that allows the potential of the community to develop and efforts to protect and defend the interests of the weak so as not to be weak, on the contrary in the process of strengthening the capacity of the community. or the potential of the community is still not maximized. In addition, there are factors that limit community empowerment, such as the low level of community understanding and the lack of facilities and infrastructure.

Driving forces of land use change in the Tiexi old industrial relocation area, Shenyang, China

Driving forces of land use change in the Tiexi old industrial relocation area, Shenyang, China

IDENTIFIKASI JENIS MANGROVE PADA KAWASAN RESTORASI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DI DESA KEUDE PANGA KECAMATAN PANGA KABUPATEN ACEH JAYA

This study aimed to identified mangrove species, calculated the total number and composition of mangroves, and the structure of zonation mangroves at the mangrove relocation area in Keude Panga Village, Panga District, Aceh Jaya Regency. The study was carried out on April 2021, for one month with two replications. The research method was the survey method, namely directed observation to research location. A sampling of mangroves used the quadratic transect method, which was divided into 3 transect points with the categories of tree plots measuring 10 m x 10 m, sapling plots with 5 m x 5 m, and the seedling plots measuring 1 m x 1 m. Data analyzed of the total number and composition of mangroves used Microsoft Excel 2010 and zonation of mangrove analysis was carried out descriptively. The results showed on the research at both stations founded 3 species of true mangrove and 1 species of scrub respectively, namely Rhizhopora mucronata (19% sapling level), Rhizhopora apiculata (34% sapling level), Nypa fruticans (47% tree level), Acrostichum aureum (or 100% shrub category) and Rhizhopora mucronata (23 individuals or 37% sampling level), Rhizhopora apiculata (15 individuals 20% sapling level), Nypa fruticans (36 individuals or 49% tree level), Acrostichum aureum (100% shrub category). Structure zonation of mangrove vegetation is composed of 3 species of mangroves, namely Rhizhopora mucronata which was located closest to the sea, Rhizhopora apiculata was in the middle of the mangrove ecosystem, and Nypa fruticans was a pioneer mangrove located close to the mainland.

Long-Distance Movements of Feral Cats in Semi-Arid South Australia and Implications for Conservation Management.

Simple SummaryTo efficiently control invasive animals, it is vital to have knowledge about their behaviour, their movements and how they use the landscape. Unusual behaviour is normally excluded from datasets, as it is considered to be an outlier that may distort analyses. In our study, we present movement data from feral cats in the arid and semi-arid zones of Australia. Feral cats are a serious problem to the native wildlife of Australia and in many parts of the world. Cats are known to show fidelity to geographic areas and may defend them against other cats. Until now, research has focused on these areas, home ranges or territories, that feral cats need to survive and reproduce. We argue that a part of their movement behaviour, large journeys away from the area they normally use, has been overlooked and has been considered to be unusual behaviour. We explain why we think that this is the case and present examples from other studies additional to our data set to show that these long-distance movements are a regular occurrence. To achieve a better protection of native wildlife from predation by feral cats, we believe that these long-distance movements should be considered as part of the normal behaviour of feral cats when planning cat control operations.Movements that extend beyond the usual space use of an animal have been documented in a range of species and are particularly prevalent in arid areas. We present long-distance movement data on five feral cats (Felis catus) GPS/VHF-collared during two different research projects in arid and semi-arid Australia. We compare these movements with data from other feral cat studies. Over a study period of three months in the Ikara-Flinders Ranges National Park, 4 out of 19 collared cats moved to sites that were 31, 41, 53 and 86 km away. Three of the cats were males, one female; their weight was between 2.1 and 4.1 kg. Two of the cats returned to the area of capture after three and six weeks. During the other study at Arid Recovery, one collared male cat (2.5 kg) was relocated after two years at a distance of 369 km from the area of collar deployment to the relocation area. The movements occurred following three years of record low rainfall. Our results build on the knowledge base of long-distance movements of feral cats reported at arid study sites and support the assertion that landscape-scale cat control programs in arid and semi-arid areas need to be of a sufficiently large scale to avoid rapid reinvasion and to effectively reduce cat density. Locally, cat control strategies need to be adjusted to improve coverage of areas highly used by cats to increase the efficiency of control operations.

Effects of flooding duration on the occurrence of three hardwood floodplain forest species inside and outside a dike relocation area at the Elbe River

AbstractFloodplain forests have become rare in Europe due to anthropogenic changes. A critical aspect of their restoration is reintroducing flooding via dike relocation, as implemented at the Elbe River near Lenzen/Germany. How forest development is influenced by dike relocation is still unclear and difficult to predict. Inside the dike relocation area at the Elbe River, most trees were planted. Due to high tree mortality, we asked if the relative elevation of the planted trees and thus the number of flooding days inside the relocation area was comparable to the prevailing flooding regime in the surrounding active floodplain. Therefore, the positions of Ulmus laevis, Quercus robur, and Crataegus monogyna individuals were recorded using a DGPS and merged with a digital terrain model. Subsequently, relative elevations and numbers of flooding days per year and growing season (averages for 2011–2017) were calculated. The most flooding tolerant species, U. laevis, occurred at the lowest sites and tolerated the highest number of flooding days, followed by Q. robur, and finally by the least flooding tolerant species C. monogyna. All three species occurred at lower sites inside the dike relocation area and were exposed to longer flooding durations compared to sites outside the area. This was due to the complex morphology of this area and its special flooding and flow dynamics, which differed from the conditions in the surrounding active floodplain. Although the mean flooding duration was within the growth range of hardwood floodplain forests (Ficario‐Ulmetum), most individuals may not have established at the planted sites under natural conditions. Therefore, we recommend not relying only on plantings but also allowing natural succession. Then, species that can cope with the hydrological site characteristics may also establish in the long term.

Factors Influencing the Project Duration of Urban Village Redevelopment in Contemporary China

Project duration is one of the methods to measure the efficiency of project implementation. This study identifies the factors influencing the project duration of urban village redevelopment projects (UVRPs) in China. Based on the theory of new institutional economics and behavioral economics, this study develops three hypotheses regarding the causal relationship between institutional arrangement and project duration. Statistical analysis of data on 439 UVRPs collected from seven Chinese cities revealed that projects implemented through top-down institutional arrangements were more likely to take a long time than those implemented through bottom-up institutional arrangements. Projects implemented through top-down and government funding were more efficient than those implemented through top-down and villager funding. For bottom-up projects, there was no conclusion about whether village funding or private developer funding led to shorter project duration. Other determinants, including city, project attributes and initiation year, number of households involved, size of temporary relocation fee, and methods of selecting relocated housing, calculating temporary relocation fee and calculating relocation area influenced project duration.