Psychology Of Religion Research Articles

Supplemental Material for Religious Residue: Cross-Cultural Evidence That Religious Psychology and Behavior Persist Following Deidentification

Supplemental Material for Religious Residue: Cross-Cultural Evidence That Religious Psychology and Behavior Persist Following Deidentification

The Relationship of Religion and Spirituality in the School of Thought of William James

Psychology of religion, an interdisciplinary field between psychology and religion, is a new knowledge that describes psychological experiences, attitudes and behaviors. This knowledge began in the late nineteenth century and was consolidated in three British, American, German and French traditions. The American tradition of experientialism, using specimens and case studies and statistical descriptions, is the intellectual philosopher and functional psychologist and nominee pragmatist William James, who empirically examines the psychological analysis of religious affairs. He who believes in the ultimate assessment of thought or experience by examining the result and the rate of profitability in life relies on two criteria of compatibility with the correct assumptions and beliefs as well as intuition and introverting as the main and most reliable research tool. James seeks to study religion over the life of man, his actions and experiences, and for this purpose uses the term religious experience. William James also believes that emotions are the most stable and fundamental elements, and religion is essentially a matter of feeling. In his view, religious experience is an experience that the subject understands religiously. In this sense, the religion of feelings, actions, and experiences of individuals in their loneliness is against whatever they consider sacred. In order to understand more about James's views on religion, this article seeks to study the relationship between religion and psychology. William James is an intellectual think tank.

Psychology of religion

This editorial is an attempt to understand religion through its evolution and fulfilment of human needs in society.

Psychology of religion in the system of religious studies

This article provides a general analysis of the study of the psychology of religion. The aim is the disclosure of the causes of its occurrence, development and interaction with other aspects of the history of mankind and mutual influence in the human mind. The article reveals two terms that are still often confused, although they denote various phenomena – its the psychology of religion and religious psychology. Unfortunately, the main reason for the prevailing confusion of these concepts is the very little attention paid until recently to the study of the phenomena of psychology in general and the phenomena of religious psychology in particular. Meanwhile, the development problems psychology of religion today is particularly important. Historically and psychologically, religion is very closely, especially at the first steps of mankind, intertwined with other forms of social consciousness: morality, art, science. She had a tremendous impact on the whole life of mankind and entered into mores and customs. Moreover, no other science can replace it. Knowledge of the psychology of religion, as we have seen, allows to better understand the past and present relations of religion and life.

The Effectiveness of the Online Ba Xian Program Based on Integrated CBT (REBT and DPT) with IPT and Religious Psychology as a Preventive and Supportive Depression Intervention on Suicide Ideation: Preliminary Results

The Effectiveness of the Online Ba Xian Program Based on Integrated CBT (REBT and DPT) with IPT and Religious Psychology as a Preventive and Supportive Depression Intervention on Suicide Ideation: Preliminary Results

The Religiosity Scales in Theses of the Psychology of Religion in Turkey: A Bibliographical Research (1997-2019)

Dindarlığın tanımlanması ve kavramsallaştırılması öteden beri din psikolojisinin önemli tartışma konularından birisi olmuştur. Bu durum dindarlığın, karmaşık ve kompleks yapısı yanında psikolojik, sosyal, kültürel, tarihsel vb. pek çok önemli faktörle olan ilişkisinden kaynaklanır. Din psikolojisi alanında ilk dindarlık ölçme araştırmalarının başladığı 1940'lı yıllardan bu yana, dindarlığın operasyonel tanımlarına vurgu yapılmıştır. Bu araştırmalarda geçerli ve güvenilir ölçekler vasıtasıyla dindarlığın derecesi, yönü, eğilimi ve boyutları vb. tespit edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Alanın uzmanları tarafından gerekli kuramsal çerçevenin oluşturulması ve ilgili dindarlık ölçeğinin tespit edilmesi sorun oluşturmazken alana yeni giren araştırmacılar için bu durum önemli bir sorun oluşturmaktadır. Ülkemizde din psikolojisi başta olmak üzere çeşitli disiplinlerde çok sayıda dindarlık ölçeği geliştirilmiştir. Dolayısıyla dindarlık ölçme çalışmalarına yeni başlayacak olan bir araştırmacı için mevcut ölçeklerin bilinmesi, araştırma konusuna ve örneklem grubuna uygun ölçeğin belirlenmesi önemlidir. Bu nedenle araştırmanın amacı; din psikolojisi alanında yapılmış yüksek lisans ve doktora tezlerinde kullanılmış “dindarlık ölçekleri”ne ilişkin bir literatür ortaya çıkarmak olarak belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen amaca yönelik olarak da bibliyografik yöntem tercih edilerek tezlerin dindarlık ölçeklerine göre tasnifi yapılmıştır. Din psikolojisi alanında yapılmış tezlere ulaşmak için Yükseköğretim Kurulu Başkanlığı Ulusal Tez Merkezi (Yök Tez) veri tabanı kullanılmıştır. İlgili veri tabanında tarih aralığı sınırı koymadan tarama terimi alanına “din psikolojsi”, “dindarlık”, “dini inanç”, “dini tutum” ifadeleri girilmiştir. Tarama sonucunda 1997-2019 yılları arasında yapılmış 96 yüksek lisans ve doktora tezi araştırma kapsamına alınmıştır. Bu çalışmanın din psikolojisinde ölçme araçlarına ve çalışmalarına ilişkin 22 yıllık bir birikimi göstermesi ve alana yeni giren araştırmacılar için önemli bir literatür koyması açısından faydalı olacağı umulmaktadır.

Pilgrimages and Rite-of-Passage Trips in Four Iberoamerican Films

The paper deals with pilgrimages and movies. The topic of pilgrimage is an issue for very diverse disciplines and scientific approaches. Among other, anthropologists and geographers can positively make joint studies on the film representation of pilgrim and pilgrimages, which are sound expression of popular culture and its connections with space and place geographical concepts. Iberoamerican movies are a fertile field of investigation, allowing interpretation of identity, power subjugation, poverty, rebellion as well as acceptance of human pains through religion and religious festivals. After a theoretical framework, and literature brief review, the paper critically deals mainly with four Iberoamerican movies: the episode El Tuerto of the movie Roots by Benito Alazraki (1954), Talpa by Alfredo B. Crevenna (1956), The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada by Tommy Lee Jones (2005), and Bajo California: El limite del tiempo by Carlos Bolado Munoz (1998). ReferencesAcevedo-Munoz, E. R. (2003). Bunuel and Mexico: the crisis of national cinema. Berkeley, LA, London, University of California Press. Alazraki, B. (1954). Roots, film, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0047395/?ref_=nm_knf_i1, accessed 13 September, 2019. Anderson, J. (1998). The reality of illusion: An ecological approach to cognitive film theory. Carbondale and Edwardville, SIU Press. Badone, E., Roseman, S. R. (Eds.) (2004). Intersecting journeys: the anthropology of pilgrimage and tourism. Champaign, IL, University of Illinois Press. Barrientos, J. (2000). Versiones. Mexico City, Conaculta. Briley, R. (1996). Sergei Eisenstein: The Artist in service of the revolution. The History Teacher, 29(4), 525-536. Bunuel L. (1969). The Milky Way, film, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0066534/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1, accessed September 13, 2019. Cohan, S., Hark, I. R. (Eds.) (1997). The road movie book. London, New York, Routledge. Collins-Kreiner, N. (2010). The geography of pilgrimage and tourism. Transformations and implications. Applied Geography 30(1), 153-164. Crevenna, A. B. (1956). Talpa, film, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0242928/?ref_=nm_flmg_dr_127, accessed 13 September, 2019. Cunqueiro, A. (1959). Las cronicas del sochantre. Barcelona, Editorial A.H.R. Deren, M. (1960). Cinematography: the creative use of reality. Daedalus, 89(1), 150-167. Dixon, D. (2016). Film. In P.C. Adams, J. Craine, (Eds), (2016). The Routledge Research Companion to Media Geography. London, New York, Routledge, 39-52. Dixon, D., Grimes, J. (2004). Capitalism, masculinity and whiteness in the dialectical landscape: The case of Tarzan and the Tycoon. GeoJournal, 59(4), 265-275. Durgnat, R. (1977). Luis Bunuel. Berkeley, LA, University of California Press. Fernandez, J., (1974). The Mission of Metaphor in Expressive Culture. Current Anthropology, 15(2), 119-133. Ginsburg, F. D., Abu-Lughod, L., Larkin, B. (Eds.) (2002). Media worlds: Anthropology on new terrain. Berkeley. LA, University of California Press. Gray, G. (2010). Cinema: a visual anthropology. Oxford, UK, New York, Berg. Hood, R. W. (2005). Mystical, spiritual, and religious experiences. In R. F. Paloutzian, C. L. Park (Eds) Handbook of the psychology of religion and spirituality, London. New York, The Guilford Press, 348- 364. Howard, D. R. (1980). Writers and pilgrims: medieval pilgrimage narratives and their posterity. Berkely. LA, University of California Press. Jablonska A. (2007). Identidades en redefinicion: los procesos interculturales en el cine mexicano contemporaneo. Estudios sobre las culturas contemporaneas, (26), 47-76. Kearney, R. (Ed.) (1996). Paul Ricoeur: The hermeneutics of action. London, Sage. Lee Jones, T. (2005). The Tree Burials of Mequiades estrada, film, https://www.imdb.com/title/ tt0419294/, accessed 13 September 2019. Lison Tolosana, C. (1992). Individuo, estructura y creatividad. Etopeyas desde la antropologia cultural. Madrid, Akal Universitaria. Lois-Gonzalez, R. C., Santos, X. M. (2015). Tourists and pilgrims on their way to Santiago. Motives, Caminos and final destinations. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 13(2), 149-164.197

Rethinking Anger as a Desire for Payback: A Modified Thomistic View

This essay takes a fresh approach to a traditional Western philosophical account of anger, according to which anger is best defined as a desire for payback, namely, a desire to make an offender pay a price, in the currency of unwanted pain, for the pain he caused someone else. The essay focuses more specifically on the work of Thomas Aquinas, whose account of anger is often thought to center on a desire for ‘just vengeance.’ It analyzes and extends aspects of Aquinas’s account that have previously been treated too narrowly. It distinguishes three forms of anger, each of which has important features in common, which justify characterizing it as anger. Only one of these forms involves a desire to make an offender suffer for what he did. Even as this essay argues for articulating different forms of anger, it emphasizes the fluidity of anger’s forms, features, and relationships to other emotions. It briefly engages philosophical, psychological, and neuroscientific perspectives while working principally in the domain of religious ethics and moral psychology.

A Sketch on Daisaku Ikeda as a Jamesian Psychologist of Religion

This essay attempts to determine whether Daisaku Ikeda can be seen as a Jamesian psychologist of religion. Concerning the development of this essay, it first focuses on a common concern that exists if we look at the work of William James and the Psychology of Religion in terms of how it exists as a distinct movement and how it is related to Ikeda’s perception of religion within a secular world. Next, this essay articulates his notion of self and the role of mediating symbols as this exists, especially in religion, in discourse, and in the arts in correspondence and relation to James’ Psychology of Religion. Finally, this essay critically raises questions that point to further developments as regards the thesis of this article.

The psychology of peasant religious conversion for the purpose of disease control: The role of belief in understanding Chinese rural religious practices

This paper focuses on the religious psychology of peasants who undergo religious conversion in order to cure an illness or disease. Field research was conducted in Wang village in Northern Jiangsu, examining the psychology of newly converted peasants. In academic circles psychology of peasants is usually critiqued according to utility and rationality. In this paper, belief is a starting point for understanding the psychology of peasants. The natural mentality and family ethics of the peasants lead them to place high expectations on religion as a tool for curing disease and facing life crises and dilemmas. The three levels of religious practice include: religious construction of ‘belief’; emotional embedding of ‘belief’; and developing ‘faith’. These requirements lead to the transformation of the individual’s psychological status from secular to religious. Based on the interaction between the individual and religion which is affected by the initial disease and its seriousness, peasants’ religious psychology is divided into three types: collapse of belief; transition of belief; and upgrading of belief. The rituals and different attitudes towards belief constitute the mechanism of developing religious psychology and also shape peasants’ attitudes towards faith. In addition, this paper explores the role of belief in understanding individual religious psychology, religious conversion, and religious revival in Chinese rural religious practices.

ADDICTION AND PASTORAL CARE. By Sonia E.Waters. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2019. Pp. xiv + 226. Paperback, $25.00.

ADDICTION AND PASTORAL CARE. By Sonia E.Waters. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2019. Pp. xiv + 226. Paperback, $25.00.

PASTORAL AESTHETICS: A THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON PRINCIPALIST BIOETHICS. By NathanCarlin. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2019. Pp. xiii + 198. Hardcover, $99.50.

PASTORAL AESTHETICS: A THEOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON PRINCIPALIST BIOETHICS. By NathanCarlin. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2019. Pp. xiii + 198. Hardcover, $99.50.

Manevi Sağlık ve Hayata Yönelim Ölçeğinin Türk Kültürüne Uyarlanması

Manevi Sağlık ve Hayata Yönelim Ölçeğinin Türk Kültürüne Uyarlanması

Philo’s Dialectics of Apophatic Theology, His Strategy of Differentiation and His Impact on Patristic Exegesis and Theology

This paper deals with several aspects of the impact of Philo’s ideas on Patristic thought. First, the author shows how Philo’s “dialectics of apophatic theology” influenced later theological systems, in the first place in respect to what we call “a strategy of differentiation” between unknowable divine substance and knowable divine activities. These activities for Philo were connected to the notion of Logos/Wisdom (which Philo used most probably in a non-hypostatic sense), understood in a middle-Platonic sense as “intelligible cosmos”. However, Philo’s apophatic theology is always supported by his allegorical interpretation of Scripture. After considering both the Platonic and the Jewish background of the Philonic Logos, the author traces the transformation of this concept in Clement, Origen, and Gregory of Nyssa. These authors, in line with Philo's apophaticism, also stress the unknowability of God’s essence. Philo’s gnoseological theocentrism determines what has been labeled as his “religious psychology”: since human reason is itself a gift from God, one’s life needs to be dedicated to worshipping God in a continuous effort to know Him. This creates a sort of tension between the knowledge of God as the ultimate goal of human life and the fact that the nature of God is, after all, incomprehensible for humans. That is why Philo, according to his “strategy of differentiation,” describes the process of cognition in “mystical” terms. Although the Christian Platonists follow him in this respect, in their writings mysticism acquires a clear eschatological dimension which, in the case of Philo, is either lacking or very elusive.

THE INTERPRETATION OF RELIGIOUS UNDERSTANDING OF HEARING AND SPEECH-IMPAIRED CHILDREN

This study aimed to find out the interpretation of the religious understanding of hearing and speech-impaired children whether it is in accordance with thinking theory in religious psychology according to Piaget, Salkind, Hurlock and Zakiah Daradjat. This qualitative research used interviews to obtain the interpretation of children's religious understanding. The eight aspects that are explored are religion, God, prayer, merit and sin, angels and demons, heaven and hell, death and doomsday. The results of this study indicated that 7 and 8 year old children with hearing impairments interpreted the eight aspects of the religion with religious symbols, and with something that is made real to them. This is in accordance with the theories of Piaget, Salkind, Hurlock, and Zakiah Daradjat; Children who are totally deaf could interpret religion, hell and death in more detail than children who still have very good hearing. From this study, it was also obtained the factors that influence and the constraints, namely age and its hearing impairement, were the reason for parents and teachers not to provide in-depth and precise information about religion due to limitations in communication. Therefore, the researcher provide advice in the form of a good two-way communication approach between parents and children and visual media become one of the good and appropriate communication media to help communicate with hearing and speech-impaired children.

An Introduction of Death Recognition and Immortality on Religious Psychology

An Introduction of Death Recognition and Immortality on Religious Psychology

MANAJEMEN PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MODERAT DI PERGURUAN TINGGI ISLAM (Studi Atas Institute Agama Islam Negeri Madura)

Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk memahami : 1) perencanaan pembelajaran pendidikan Islam moderat di Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura 2) pelaksanaan pembelajaran pendidikan Islam moderat di Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura dan 3) evaluasi pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam moderat di Institut Agama Islam Negeri Madura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif diskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah: reduksi data, display data, dan pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : 1) perencaan pembelajaran pendidikan Islam moderat dilakukan dengan penyusunan syllabus dan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran. 2) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran pendidikan Islam moderat adalah Strategi pembelajaran yang digunakan adalah diskusi/ debat aktif, dan pembelajaran berbasis masalah. Sementara itu, materi pembelajaran pendidikan Islam moderat terdapat dalam mata kuliah: al-Qur’an, Sejarah Kebudayaan Islam, Psikologi Agama, Pendidikan Akhlaq Tasawwuf. Filsafat Pendidikan Islam, Filsafat Islam. Sedangkan tema-tema pembahasan meliputi: demokrasi, hak azasi manusia, toleransi dengan perbedaan. Selanjutnya evaluasi pembelajaran pendidikan Islam moderat di IAIN Madura dilakukan secara berkelanjutan. Kata Kunci: pendidikan islam, moderat, materi pembelajaran, strategi pembelajaran Abstract The purpose of this paper is to understand: 1) learning planning of moderate Islam education in the State Islamic Institute Madura 2) learning implementation of moderate Islamic education in the State Islamic Institute Madura and 3) learning evaluation of moderate Islamic education in the State Islamic Institute of Madura. The method used is qualitative descriptive. Methods of data collection are observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the data used is: data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The results showed that: 1) learning planning of moderate Islamic education do with the preparation of syllabus and Implementation lesson Plan. 2) learning implementation of moderate Islamic educatio is a teaching strategy that is used is a discussion/debate on and problembased learning. Meanwhile, the learning materials of moderate Islamic education containes the subjects as follow: the al- Qur'an, the History Islamic Culture, Psychology of Religion, Education of Akhlaq Tasawwuf. Philosophy of Islamic Education and Islamic philosophy. While the themes of discussion include: democracy, human rights, tolerance of differences. Further, learning evaluation of moderates Islamic education in IAIN Madura is sustainable. Keywords: Islamic education, moderate, learning material, learning strategies

Школа психологии религии в университете Дерпта. К вопросу об изучении религии в Российской империи в начале XX в.

The article deals with the consecration of the basic ideas of the Dorpat school of religious psychology. The main attention is focused on Karl Girgensohn and his experimental method of studying religiousness, in particular religious experience. The main methodological basis of the school is shown. The article also reflects the interaction of the Dorpat and Würzburg schools of religious psychology, which influenced the ideas of Oswald Külpe. The main conclusions reached by Girgensohn during his research were, on the one hand, that the leading structural element of religious experience was intuitive thinking, which, unlike discursive thinking, is less formulated and is associated not so much with logic as with feelings of pleasure and dissatisfaction, as with symbols. In addition, Girgensohn singled out the so-called “ego functions” associated with intuitive thoughts in religious experience. Faced with a new set of ideas, the ego first reacts intellectually, using its existing stock of principles. In addition to the characteristic of the method, the attitude to the method developed by Oswald Külpe and developed by Carl Girgensohn is also shown. Among the researchers there were both supporters of experimental introspection, such as Otto Rithschle, and the critic of this technique in the person of Oscar Pfischer, Anna Tumarkin and others. The last part gives a brief review of the gradual sunset of the Dorpat school.

Психология религии В. И. Мамлеева

Психология религии В. И. Мамлеева

Makna Hidup dalam Perspektif Cosmic Intellegence

<p class="06IsiAbstrak"><span lang="EN-GB">This study aims to get a clear picture of the meaning of life in the perspective of C.I (Cosmic Intelligence), this type of research is field research with the intent of the data used as a source of reference originating from the research location. The data sources used in this study are primary sources in the form of interviews with Cosmic Intelligence pioneers, teachers or leaders of Cosmic Intelligence training, and respondents or Cosmic Intelligence meditators, and secondary sources in the form of books on Islamic Psychology, Religious Psychology, Sufism and related psychology. . Techniques for collecting data through interviews or interviews, observation, and documentation. Furthermore, the data obtained was analyzed using data analysis methods, the process of simplifying data into forms that were easier to read and interpret. The results of the study show that someone who has undergone or practiced Cosmic Intelligence training in contemplative meditative dhikr, finds awareness, awareness of his existence on this earth, his awareness as a servant of Allah, the realization that he is the caliph of Allah, who must undergo duty of servitude (imaniyyah-ilahiyyah, ubudiyah ilahiyyah, ubudiyyah insaniyyah, mu'amalah insaniyyah) and undergo the task of the Caliphate or called the Cosmic Task. Continuing to apply these cosmic tasks in daily life that do not separate the fields of life between learning, worship, work, work (must be integral) will lead to an awareness of life, self evaluation, self-ability, motivation and purpose, awareness of life which will bring to the presence of the meaning of life.</span></p>