Religious Experts Research Articles

Israeli Position Paper: Triage Decisions for Severely Ill Patients During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Joint Commission of the Israel National Bioethics Council, the Ethics Bureau of the Israel Medical Association and Representatives from the Israeli Ministry of Health.

ObjectivesThis document provides an English translation of the Israeli Joint Commission’s national guidelines for triaging severely ill patients during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.MethodsFour subcommittees of medical, legal, ethical-social, and religious experts developed the general principles and practical medical criteria for triaging scarce life-saving resources.ResultsThe guidelines provide an overview of general principles as well as pragmatic medical criteria and a practical triage protocol to be followed should the healthcare system be overwhelmed due to COVID-19. Issues covered include triggers for activating the guidelines, guiding ethical, legal, and religious principles, equity in access, fair distribution, transparency, consistency, palliation, medical policy prioritization, problem-solving mechanisms, and public trust.ConclusionsThe Israeli consensus document and pragmatic medical triage protocol offer a societal and medical roadmap for allocating scarce resources during the COVID-19 pandemic or other disasters.

Understanding A Displaced Community and Its Entangled Identity: Religious Rituals of Alevis in Istanbul

This paper’s main goal is to examine the nature of a religious belief and its entangled identity in an urban context from an anthropological perspective. My work’s current focus is that the ritual practices of urban immigrants are displayed in the public space, unlike the social structure and guidance provided by a local religious expert known as a dede. Since the 1950s mass migration of Alevis from rural regions to the Turkish metropolises, such as Istanbul, the Alevi identity has been transformed into a labyrinth of socio-political obstacles and has been losing its place due to the pressures of both the state power and the Sunni and Alevi institutions. They have been losing the space that their belief attached, the clan-related (ocak) community network system, the reliance on rural divine leaders, their spiritual moods and motivations, the unique means of resolving community conflicts. The paper includes a standardized ritual and music repertoire, the revision of folklorized sacred dance (semah) elements, and a critical analysis of what can be seen as the theatrical aspects of urban cem. The second part of this paper is to understand other reasons why Alevi identity has become entangled. Certain writings about Alevis and using concepts about Alevism, such as heterodox and syncretic, ongoing hate speech and discrimination waged against them, Islamophobia seen worldwide, have played a role in the entangled identity of Alevis. We used the ethnography research method, which is mostly qualitative. It involves participatory observation of cem rituals in Istanbul, and obtaining information through informal and formal interview techniques used during observations.

Contested values and climate change mitigation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Contested values and climate change mitigation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

THE MILLENNIAL KIAIS

The development of social media technology provides people with more accessible information about religious knowledge. Everyone can learn the religion from social media, particularly Youtube. This phenomenon seems to force young Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) kiais (religious experts) such as Gus Baha, Gus Miftah, and Gus Muwafiq to be more adaptive and familiar to social media platform, like Youtube. This makes them close to being called “the millennial kiais.” Using a phenomenological approach based on observations on Youtube, this paper examines the performance of millennial kiais in carrying out the process of dakwah (Islamic proselytization) and in becoming role models for social education as they do. The educational interaction carried out by these millennial kiais on Youtube seems to be very effective in attracting the interest of wider citizens. The number of their viewers reaches between four to eight million in one year. The number of videos viewed is around one hundred. The model of social education introduced by these millennial kiais is analyzed through the Bandura theory which starts through a process of stimulation and observation and is followed by a process in mental cognition, which creates motivation and demands a response by clicking the likes button and subscribing comments. The response marks the beginning of a constant change of behavior.

Physics ludo integrated with scientific literacy as a Newton’s law learning media

Newton’s Law, as a part of the topic in physics learning, is a fundamental knowledge that should be understood by students. However, most students find it hard to understand the material due to the lack of motivation to learn physics. The researchers proposed a famous game called physics ludo to solve the problem. The physics ludo game is a tool to know the feasibility and attractiveness of science because it contains problem formulation in Newton’s Law material. The researchers investigate the students’ responses to the media. The model used in this research is ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The subjects of this study were 78 high school students from three different senior high schools. Instruments of data collection used were questionnaires given to the material expert, media expert, religious expert, teacher, and students to test the feasibility of the physics ludo game. The results of this study show that the media is highly feasible with a percentage of 87% from the material expert after being revised, the percentage from the media expert is 88% with a highly feasible category, the percentage from the religious expert is 95% with a highly feasible category, the percentage from the teacher is 89% with a highly feasible category, and the percentage from the students is 82% with a highly feasible category.

Development of physics practicum module based on collaborative teamwork learning model

This study aims to determine the feasibility of physics practicum modules based on collaborative teamwork learning models. Type of this research is a Borg and Gall development research. The stages are potential and problem, data collection, product design, design validation, product revision, product trial. The research subjects involved consisted of experts (material, media and religious) and VII grade students of SMP / MTs. The expert gives an assessment of the level of validity of the material and the suitability of the design physics practicum modules, while students assess the level of physics practicum modules. The results obtained were the feasibility of a physics practicum module based on collaborative teamwork learning models based on expert judgment was considered very feasible, with the percentage of material expert validation 83.40%, media experts 87.41%, and religious experts 95%. Educators and students response ositively to the attractiveness of physics practicum modules based on collaborative teamwork learning models as learning media, with the percentage of educator responses 93.75%, small group test 90.19%, and field testing 91.18%. The development of physics practicum modules based on collaborative teamwork learning models was declared very feasible and received a positive response to be used as a learning media.

Development of e-module using flip pdf professional on temperature and heat material

Research and development are intended to determine the feasibility and the responses of students and educators to the development of e-modules using flip pdf professional on temperature and heat material. The method used was adopted from Borg & Gall development model. The validation product of e-modules using flip pdf professional as learning media have fulfilled very good criteria with a percentage of material expert evaluations of 92,08%, media experts of 89,1%, and religious experts of 90%. While the responses of students and educators obtained very good criteria with percentage for small group trials of 88.15%, field trials of 88.03%, and educator response tests of 85.96%. Based on the results, the development of e-module using flip pdf professional can be used as a learning media.

Operational definition for doubtful activities (Shubuhat) based on Islamic finance perspective

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to give another perspective on the definition of doubtful activities (Shubuhat) in the context of Islamic finance activities.Design/methodology/approachThis study used qualitative approach from interviews with experts in Islamic finance and religious scholars.FindingsThis study highlights the synthesized Shubuhat definition from the previous studies and the contemporary religious experts. Therefore, the definition of Shubuhat has been conceptualized to Islamic finance in this study. This proposes a novel operational definition of Shubuhat from the Islamic finance perspective.Originality/valueThis study would enlighten the Ummah and contribute to knowledge to provide clarification on the Shubuhat fundamentals for further investigations and with more detailed description of the Shubuhat. Also, this study introduces a value chain of Sharīʿah-compliance by adding the elements of Shubuhat to the general understanding of Sharīʿah-compliance which has been generally understood as having the elements of halal and haram.

THE ISSUE OF THE RELIGIOUS DIMENSION OF HUMAN NATURE

This text is an attempt to answer the question of whether human nature needs religion. The author begins by presenting two concepts that are key in this discourse. These are the terms: religion and human nature. Then he undertakes an analysis of the problem, referring to the thoughts of religious experts: Rudolf Otto and Mircea Eliade and the philosopher Max Scheler. The subject of reflection is the definition of man as 'homo religiosus'.
 Questioning God's existence has a negative effect on human nature. This situation is illustrated by the views of two known philosophers, existentialists - Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre. Their vision of the world was marked by unbelief in God.
 Life experience teaches that human nature strives for transcendent reality, longs for God. Any departure from this tendency does not, however, invalidate the religious nature of man, but certainly falsifies it. It results in the conversion of an authentic sacrum into its substitutes.
 In conclusion, the author draws attention to the mystery of man and God, which should be recognized. It is only in this perspective that the problem indicated in the title can be considered. The inspiration for such thinking is the famous phrase of Saint Augustine of Hippo: 'The human soul is restless until it rests in God'.

Genealogi Pesantren dalam Manuskrip Tantu Panggelaran

Pesantren as a community education institution rooted in local wisdom. Its existance in the midst of society becomes a nomenclature that continues to be discussed and trusted by the community in creating plenary human being. Conceptually, pesantren are a derivative of the educational model in the archipelago that has long existed and is a reference for the community. The concept of the pesantren is witten in an ancient manuscript, Tantu panggelaran which calls it a mandala. To trace it, the authors analyse using Michel Foucault’s genealogical theory. This research uses literature study and observation methods. The results of this study are concept of pesantren as the evolution of educational models in the archipelago. The rules, value and culture built in the pesantren produce people who are not only religious experts, but also care for and love their homeland.

Integrasi Ilmu dan Agama: Praktik Islamisasi Ilmu Pengetahuan Umum di Perguruan Tinggi

This research aims to describe the practice of integration science and religion in Islamic Religious Colleges or Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam (PTKI), and various obstacles in realizing it. For that reason, researcher used library research (qualitative library research) with qualitative methods to get research conclusions. The data collection of this study, used instruments of observation and documentation techniques. Based on the the library research result, the conclusions are: 1) Integration of science and religion is implemented with different interpretations in each PTKI. 2) the percentage of general knowledge and religious education content is not proportional with PTKI. 3). It is not known certainty the number of research and community service practices by lecturers with general expertise and lecturers with ​​religious expertise, so are as collaboration between the two as both and the standards for the achievement of those goals.

Pengembangan Modul Pembelajaran Terintegrasi Keislaman Mata Kuliah Botani Tumbuhan Tinggi Materi Angiospermae Kelas Liliopsida

This study departs from field observations which state that the low student learning outcomes in 2013 that is with a percentage of 52.38% getting grades below the KKM, it needs the existence of more efficient teaching materials, to support student learning processes independently. This study aims to determine the validity, effectiveness and practicality of the Islamic integrated learning module in the High Plant Botany course for liliopsida class angiosperms material. This research uses the Research & Development method that was developed using the ADDIE model with stages: Analyze namely needs analysis, Design is the design / draft module, Development is product development / prototype based on design validation, design revision, small scale trial, revision I module, Implementation is the application of modules in large-scale trials of the control class / without modules, and the experimental class / using modules, Evaluation, namely revision II modules, final modules. The results of this study indicate that the module developed is feasible to be used in learning botanical lectures of tall plants obtained from the validity value of material experts 83.60% very good / valid, 80% good / valid design experts, 82% good / valid religious experts. The practicality of the use of modules obtained from observations of the implementation of learning by 91.41% was very successful and the student response questionnaire showed 99.15% of the practical modules used. The effectiveness of the application of the module is obtained from the increase in student learning outcomes with N-Gain of 0.77 in the high category compared to the control class of the value of N-Gain of 0.20 in the low category. Thus, the learning modules developed are valid, practical, and effective for use in learning. keyword: Modules, Integrated Islamic, Angiosperms, Liliopsida

Guided Discovery Approach in the Development of Calculus Modules on Derivative Material with Islamic Nuance and Environmental Insight

The development of teaching materials in the form of modules needs to be developed in calculus courses to help students understand derivative materials. This development research aims to determine the development and feasibility of the developed module, namely the calculus modules on derivative material with Islamic nuance and environmental insight. The method used in this research is Research and Development (R&D) using the 4D model proposed by Thiagajaran. The steps taken are to Define, Design, Development, and Disseminate. Based on the results of the research, the results of the validation by the material experts, media experts, and Islamic religious and environment experts are deemed valid. Based on small-scale testing on the product’s attractiveness, the module is declared as very attractive. Thus, based on the assessment of validators and small-scale trials, the developed module is declared as feasible.

Physics Animation Videos Learning Media Integrated with Quranic Verses with YouTube Output

This study aims to find out the opinions of the validators and the responses of students on the learning media in the form of animated videos integrated with Quranic verses with YouTube output. This research is a research and development (R & D) research using Borg and Gall procedure. This research was conducted at Senior High School YP UNILA Bandar Lampung, Senior High School 1 Bukit Kemuning, and Senior High School 7 Bandar Lampung with the eleventh-grade students as the object of the research. Validation results from material experts, media experts, and religious experts showed very good results with percentage reaching 84.67%. Then, the animated video was tested through two stages, namely small-group trial and field trial. The average results obtained were 78.10% for small-group trial and 81.30% for a field trial at Senior High School YP UNILA Bandar Lampung, Senior High School 1 Bukit Kemuning, and Senior High School 7 Bandar Lampung. Thus, the learning media in the form of animated videos containing Quranic verses with YouTube output, from the three schools, has the feasible criteria.

Religion and pro-environmental behaviour: a comparative analysis towards environmental protection

Faith factors strongly influence pro-environmental behaviours toward proactively solving environmental problems. This paper investigates different faith traditions and their link to the concept of environmental protection rooted within the major religions in Malaysia. In addition to a systematic literature review, data were collected using a cross-sectional qualitative study based on interviews with religious experts in Islam, Christianity, Buddhism and Hinduism. The study found that the religions of Islam, Buddhism, Christianity and Hinduism strictly prohibit the mismanagement of the environment. These religions dictate that one of the core responsibilities of humans is to act as caretaker of the Earth and its population. These religions are also believed to restore faith in protecting the environment and have the potential to be an effective medium to promote pro-environmental behaviour. This study proposes that the Malaysian Government integrate the element of religion in environmental policies that are used to nurture pro-environmental behaviour. Major mediums, such as education and media that are used to promote environmental awareness, should use religion as an element to heighten pro-environmental behaviour in order to cultivate sustainable communities.

Roping-In religious leaders and faith experts in the effective containment of the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic

Roping-In religious leaders and faith experts in the effective containment of the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic

Қазақстандағы ислам дінінің құндылықтарын насихаттайтын сайтта

This article discusses Islamic religious web sites that disseminate information about Islam and religion in Kazakhstan. Currently, most people in the world receive information from the Internet. An analysis of the current religious situation in Kazakhstan allows us to conclude that web sites have great power in disseminating religious information. In this case, it can be said that getting religious information from unreliable sources can be dangerous for the security of the country. Moreover, the spread of extremism through religious web sites has become one of the most actual problems in the modern Internet zone. The study achieved the following result: most of the youth now turn to web sites for information. Instead of contacting the imams of the mosque or looking for answers in books that have been approved by religious authorities, people take answers from easily accessible and fast Internet. Also in our country, not all religious sites received a positive assessment of religious expertise. This is a clear demonstration of the fact that unauthorized religious information currently poses a real danger to young people.

Religion and the State in an Episodic Moment of COVID-19 in Ghana

The goal of this paper is to discuss the role religions are playing to stem the tide against the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) in Ghana. Focusing on the ubiquity of religions in Ghana, the paper argues that religious experts deploy their ability to invoke the transcendental being to compel adherents to comply with the lockdown rules, as well as follow precautionary measures to fight the virus in Ghana. The paper also maintains that the state has taken advantage of the current crisis at hand to pass a law that is potentially dangerous for the future of religious freedom in Ghana. Methodologically, I draw on critical reflections on electronic and social media reports about religion and humanitarian services in Ghana to argue that religions are bridging the mundane and spiritual gaps to aid the state, while the state is also creatively engaging religions to invest in prayers and also pass laws that are potentially inimical to the future of religious freedom.

Religious Pluralism and Interfaith Coexistence: Ecumenicalism in the Context of Traditional Modes of Tolerance

In many parts of the developing world, religion is singled out as the cause for violent clashes. At the 2007 TrustAfrica workshop in Dakar, the conference of religious leaders, scholars, and experts from 12 African countries and the Diaspora explored this concern under the theme "Meeting the Challenges of Religion and Pluralism in Africa." It was observed that religiously justified conflicts were often the repackaging of community concerns regarding issues of social, economic, and political injustices, inequities and exclusions. Consequently, a project on “religious pluralism and interfaith coexistence in Ghana” was funded in 2008 as part of the efforts to examine the role of local traditions as a foundation to interfaith dialogue. Earlier in 2005, a similar project on the theme of Islam and tolerance, with funding from Harvard and Michigan State University, was conducted in Ghana. Several issues emerging from the field conversations are pertinent to topics of how history shaped Muslim relations with their non-Muslim hosts in West Africa. It is often argued in the literature that Islam’s inherently adoptive attitude toward African religious culture made it possible for Muslims and their non-Muslim hosts to co-exist. However, this research contends that, in the case of Ghana, it was the traditional local culture as defined by indigenous religious values that shaped and moderated the environment that sustained peaceful interreligious relations. The authors express concern that as the country experiences rapid urbanization, Westernization, proliferation of charismatic churches and aggressive Christian evangelization, the traditional values that underpinned pluralism and peace in historic times might be threatened (George Bob-Milliar and Karen Lauterback, 2018).
 

AL-‘ULAMĀ’ WARATHAT AL-ANBIYĀ’: Modernity and Nurture of Authority in Aceh Society

This paper aims to analyze the immunity factor of Acehnese loyalty to the ulama. Generally, if the ulama fail to respond to problems that arise in modernity, they are abandoned by society. Modernization is taking place very quickly in Aceh. In Aceh, even though the ulama were unable to respond to modernity, they were never abandoned by the community. The type of modernization that is the focus of the author's observation is development, politics, and economics which includes banking and trade. Using a qualitative approach, this study finds, that is in Aceh, precisely because the ulama do not respond to modernity, the immunity of loyalty to the ulama can continue. In Aceh, secular-minded society, they give authority to experts in their respective fields. Because the ulama are treated as religious experts, then when they do not respond to other fields such as development, politics, economics and other fields, they become respected. Although only given space in the field of religion, the position of the ulama remains very important in Aceh because religion is a very important part of the life of the Acehnese people