Religious Education Research Articles

Discovering the Child? Individualization Processes of Catholic Religious Education in the Horizon of Secularization since 1900

At the beginning of the 20th century, early processes of secularization – especially in working-class families living in large cities – and inadequate teaching methods led to a crisis of Catholic religious education. Teachers and professors highlighted that it was becoming more and more difficult for reli­gious education to reach students and to ensure that they become devoted members of the Church. In this situation, a catechetical movement was established, which was mainly situated in Munich and Vienna, where teachers, catechists, and academics discussed reforms of the commonly used teaching methods in religious education. Conferences and the foundation of journals followed. It is at least from this point that the process of modernization in the field of religious education in the German-speaking context begins. This modernization gained traction after the Second Vatican Council and was also pro­moted by the phenomenon of secularization and pluralization after the 1960s. Against this background, the essay will address the following questions: What led to the modernization of religious education that began around 1900? What role was played by the new openness of catechists and theologians for edu­cation science and the (religious) pluralization of society? To answer this question, the article will focus on developments between 1900 and the 1920s, during the 1970s, and the more or less topical discus­sion about the concept of ‘theology of children’ since the late 1990s. This study will also ask whether this development can be described as the discovery of the child in theology and religious education. Finally, this paper asks what consequences this development has for a denominational religious education in state schools today and in the future.

(Re)vision of Religious Education of Children and Youth in Secularized Polish Society

Rapidly progressing multifaceted secularization processes in Polish society strongly influence the shape of religious education of children and adolescents in the school environment. They determine a number of dimensions of the social and mental activity of young people. Their effects are visible, es­pecially in the attitudes of children and youth to God, the Church, religious lessons, moral norms, and religious practices. This situation raises new challenges for the religious education of the young. Reading this as a “sign of the times,” this article revises religious education in Polish schools. The need to reor­ganize the model of religious education lessons and to introduce changes in the curricular assumptions of religious education teaching, in student textbooks and methodological guides is pointed out. Pre-evangelization and educational activities, resignation from the mere transfer of religious knowledge, and the development of preconceived skills and attitudes are considered important. The author emphasizes the value of providing opportunities for the construction of knowledge and for the student’s own en­gagement during religious education lessons. In this context, much attention is paid to the role of the re­ligious education teacher, who is to be first and foremost a companion on a journey, an educator and a witness of faith, open to new challenges, able to communicate effectively with students, creative, and tolerant. The right personality traits of the religious education teacher and their multiple competencies (including communicative and interpersonal ones) play a key role in religious education. They guarantee the effectiveness of communication within a group of religious lesson participants. They foster authentic interpersonal relationships and community-building, thus meeting the natural needs of young people. In practice, they require a paradigm shift in the formation of religious education teachers.

INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN PAI MELALUI PENDEKATAN OUTING CLASS DI SMA NEGERI 1 SUMBERASIH PROBOLINGGO

This research explains and analyzes Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning innovations at SMA Negeri 1 Sumberasih which are implemented through the Outing Class approach. SMA Negeri 1 Sumberasih has adopted the Outing Class approach as a strategy to increase the effectiveness of PAI learning. This approach involves using the environment outside the classroom as a learning resource that provides students with direct experience. Implementation methods include planning Outing Class activities that are integrated into the PAI curriculum, involving teachers as facilitators, and evaluating learning outcomes. Evaluation is carried out to ensure that PAI learning objectives are achieved and students gain a better understanding through direct experience outside the classroom. The informants in this research were the Principal, Deputy Head for Curriculum, Deputy Head for Student Affairs, PAI Teacher, and Students. The results of this innovation can make a positive contribution to students' understanding of Islamic teachings and enrich students' learning experiences. It is hoped that the positive implications of the Outing Class approach can be an inspiration for other schools and universities in developing PAI learning at the high school level.

Analysis of the Implementation of Training on Digital-based Learning Media to Enhance Teachers’ Digital Literacy

This study aimed to analyze the implementation process, impact of digital-based learning media training on Tahfiz teachers' digital literacy and identified factors influencing the success or limitations of these programs. Utilizing a descriptive method, the study encompassed observations, interviews, and document analysis involving five Tahfiz teachers, a training manager, and a school administrator. The data analysis procedure followed the Miles and Huberman model, comprising three key stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, underpinned by triangulation for validity. The findings revealed that the training enhanced teachers' access to digital resources, flexibility in learning, and provided personalized, interactive learning experiences. However, challenges like limited technology access, lack of technical skills, resistance to change, and inadequate resources tailored to Islamic values were notable. The study concludes that comprehensive training in digital literacy is crucial for Tahfiz teachers to effectively integrate technology into their teaching. The study contributes to the discourse on technology integration in religious education, offering insights for policy and practice in Tahfiz education.

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS IN REGIONS IN STATE ADMINISTRATIVE LEGAL PERSPECTIVE

Improvement of an area can be the main effort to improve people's welfare. In practice, community inclusion is one of the most important factors, and the main thing is arrangements with improvements based on the scale of needs. In Law Number 25 of 2000 concerning the National Development Program (Propenas) it is stated that the regional promotion approach is coordinated to realize broad, genuine and reliable regional independence in the system of community strengthening, self-directed education, political education, legal education, religious education, conventional education, and non-governmental organizations within the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The concept of a welfare state is briefly characterized as a country whose government is considered to have the vision to guarantee the lowest level of welfare for every citizen. It considers the points for viewing and analyzing the degree of open inclusion in preparation for progress in the regions from the point of view of the State Authority Act. The strategy used in this thinking is sociological juridical with a statutory and contextual approach, while the information used is additional information. From the results of the consideration, several forms of open association were found in handling regional progress, such as through the Recess Program carried out by each part of the DPRD in the form of training in the form of open meetings with the community (constituents) and the Development Planning Deliberation program carried out by the government by involving all components of society from each level and profession.

Problematika Penerapan Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning pada Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak

The 2013 curriculum regulations require learning to use a student-centered or scientific approach, but in reality the majority of teachers still use conservative learning for reasons of making learning easier for teachers, adapting to students' characteristics, adjusting the dimensions of knowledge and learning objectives, even though in a number of studies it has received a lot of criticism from experts because this kind of learning makes students passive and not creative in building knowledge. From this phenomenon, I present a problem based learning model as part of the learning approach for students at madrasah ibtidaiyah level in Islamic religious education subjects. The aim is to find out what problems teachers have in operationalizing the problem based leaning model and what the learning problems are like for students in elementary age children in the Aqidah Akhlak subject whose dimensions of knowledge are mostly conceptual and religious doctrine.This research uses a qualitative approach and field research which is useful for describing learning activities in the classroom.The findings from the research are the most crucial problem in the first syntax when the teacher presents teaching material in the form of text for students to understand, plus fatal apperception, the formation of groups that are not heterogeneous, student participation is weak, learning references are limited, and, unfocused learning objectives.

The Interpretation of Role Model and Its Contemporary Value Under Kant's Moral Education Thought

Kant's moral education ideology is an important component of his entire ideological system and a brilliant gem in the history of human educational thought. Kant's moral education philosophy is mainly reflected in stimulating the intrinsic moral motivation of the educated and cultivating their kind will, advocating for the construction of moral freedom and spiritual meaning based on the principle of formality and universality as the basis for their own will. However, the current moral education in schools is still fundamentally based on material practical principles such as utilitarianism, emotion, self love, and reputation, which leads to low efficiency and formalization of moral education practice. In this sense, moral education cannot truly cultivate the sense of responsibility and obligation of the educated, let alone generate a Kantian sense of moral respect and sublimity from the depths of their hearts. The author believes that universities can change the way learners think and enhance people's moral motivation through the role of role models in moral education. By playing a role model, laying the foundation for the construction of ideas, and then making free choices, true freedom can be achieved. This article analyzes the connotation and characteristics of exemplary education in Kant's educational philosophy based on current research experience and relevant academic literature, and further explains the role of exemplary education in Kant's moral education philosophy. Finally, combining the role of role models, this paper focuses on exploring the contemporary value of the concept of role models in Kant's moral education ideas, aiming to draw on the essence of Kant's role model education and promote the reform and innovation of moral education in Chinese universities.

Development of Multiculturalism Values in Religious Education and Its Implications for Multicultural and Democratic Student Ethics

Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze multicultural content; multicultural content implementation strategy; multicultural content cultivating strategies; and the implications of multicultural content in PAI on the multicultural nature of students at SMAN 4 Magelang.   Method: This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. The data collection procedure is carried out in a natural setting, with the primary data source of PAI teachers. The data collection technique is more with passive participation observation, in-depth interviews with school principals, PAI teachers and learning documentation studies in schools. Data analysis was carried out following the Miles and Huberman model, which included three activities, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data verification.   Result: The results showed that the content of multicultural values in the PAI book at SMAN 4 Magelang was explicitly and implicitly stated. Multicultural values extracted from PAI materials include Religious Moderation, Equality, Democracy, Justice, and Tolerance (MB-KDKT). The school added the value of courtesy and integrity (SI) which was extracted from local wisdom. So that all values when acronymized become MB-KDKT-SI.   Conclusion: The approach used for the implementation of multicultural content in PAI by adapting James A. Banks' theory of multicultural dimensions and the application of hidden curricula. The practice is packaged in the form of developing a learning culture that integrates intracurricular, co-curricular, and extracurricular learning activities in conceptual, operational and internalization levels or dimensions. The cultivation of multicultural values refers to Thomas Lickona's moral domain theory which is packaged in the form of homestays in people's homes for a certain period, joint camps between religious believers and modelling by teachers and school leaders. The implications of multicultural content in PAI are reflected in the form of multicultural content of learners. His findings, theoretically, are in the form of a formal formulation of Multicultural Adab. Practically (its manifestation) is in the form of moderate attitudes and behaviours in religion, as well as equality, democracy, justice, tolerance, courtesy and integrity in the learning process and social interaction.

Comparing the Manipulative Movement of Preschool Children in Religious and Conventional Education Settings

This study aims to identify manipulative skills, also known as object control, and compare them across preschoolers aged 4 to 5 who attend religious and secular schools. The TGMD-2 instrument is used in this study along with descriptive quantitative and qualitative approaches. Purposive random sampling was used to get samples from 75 girls and 86 boys enrolled in traditional and religious-based kindergartens in urban locations between the ages of 4 and 5. It was determined from the study's findings that children who attended conventional kindergartens had better manipulative skills (Girls; av. Score: 23,46 with p=0,645; Boys; av. Score: 23,60 with (p=0,431) than those who attended religiously based education (Girls; av. Score: 23,00 with p=0,603; Boys; av score: 21,52 with p=0,568). It can be concluded that there are not many differences between the two educational systems when comparing them because in Indonesia, there are no preschool teachers specializing in physical education. Classroom teachers are required to teach kids outside, and no studies have been done on this issue. Schools with a religious bent emphasize cognitive skills more. Structured gross motor learning through physical education in schools and support for home play equipment can regularly enhance children's manipulating abilities.

Challenges and Countermeasures of Youth Moral Education in the Era of Big Data

Youth moral education is an extremely important work, which is related to the inheritance of traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, the fundamental plan of “successor,” and the construction of modern Chinese spiritual civilization. In the era of big data, the moral education of youth is facing new challenges and opportunities. The wide application of big data technology has brought about an information explosion, exposing young people to more diverse and complex social information. It not only brings opportunities for positive moral education but also many challenges. The main problems of youth moral education in the era of big data are neglected youth subjectivity, insufficient youth moral practice, and utilitarian youth value orientation. We should develop personalized moral education programs, strengthen the integration of moral knowledge and action, and pay more attention to moral practice to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of moral education for young people in the era of big data.

Examining the Integration of Moral Education and Social Responsibility into Higher Education

This article focuses into importance of moral education and social responsibility in context of higher education. Authors have outlined the significance of embedding moral education and social responsibility within curricula and culture of higher education. Paper throws light on historical context and current landscape , and the compelling reasons for integration. Furthermore, various methods and approaches has been reviewed and lastly conclusions and future directions has been discussed.

Utilisation of Benime Application to Improve Video-Based Student Achievement

The quality of students in Indonesia must be improved in education, both general education and Islamic religious education and at this time students find it difficult to understand the learning material provided by the teacher. One solution to improve student achievement at school is through the Benime application. The Benime application is a social media or platform used to create various forms of very interesting animated displays with a white background or whiteboard. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of the Benime application in order to improve student achievement at school. The medote used by researchers in this study is quantitative method, using surveys to students at school through google form. The results of this study are to determine the benefits of the Benime application in improving student achievement at school. The limitation of this study is that researchers only utilize the Benime application for one subject, and researchers hope that future researchers can do the same research but aim to develop the Benime application for learning videos.  

Prospective Islamic Theologians and Islamic religious teachers in Germany: between fundamentalism and reform orientation

ABSTRACT This study represents the first German-wide investigation of Islamic theology and religious education students. We examined how these prospective multipliers approach Islam in a reform-oriented manner. It was also asked whether study motivation, representation by Islamic associations, segregation, value orientations, enemy images, as well as fundamentalism and Islamism determine reform orientation. An online questionnaire was completed by N = 252 students representative for gender. The newly developed Reform Orientation Scale was proved reliable and valid. Reform orientation was positively predicted by the motivation to impart European-shaped Islam and a value orientation towards gender equality, and negatively predicted by representation by DİTİB, social segregation, enemy images, and fundamentalism. The findings emphasise the need for reflections on representation by Islamic associations and anti-Western and anti-Semitic enemy images.

Case-Based Learning Method in Learning: Is it Effective to Improve Teaching Skills of Madrasa Teachers in Indonesia?

This research aims to analyse whether the increasing use of case-based learning (CBL) by madrasa aliyah teachers in Indonesia improves their teaching skills in the field of education. This study employed a quasi-experimental technique and data from a CBL intervention programme to investigate how CBL is connected with teachers' hybrid teaching skill. The data was analysed using the difference-in-difference design. In general, the teaching skill of madrasa teachers is solely treated as a predictor of the practice of teaching Islamic religious education. Still, we discovered that the greater use of CBL in hybrid learning can favorably affect the teaching skill of madrasa teachers. CBL is positively associated with student involvement and teaching in learning among the madrasa teacher teaching skill subscales. However, according to our data analysis, students' favourable responses to Islamic religious education, and hybrid learning practices can moderate the link between CBL and the teaching skill of madrasa teachers. This study has significance for the CBL model's growth in strengthening the teaching skill of madrasa teachers in distance learning Islamic religious education.

The Role and Challenges of Islamic Religious Education After the Covid 19 Pandemic

As can be seen at this time, a pandemic emerged in 2019, which caused life to not run properly, even though the pandemic has passed, the shadows of the pandemic are still felt today, as well as in the field of education. In the end, the impact that occurs is the difficulty of students in understanding learning, because of their limitations in using media. The purpose of this study is to determine the role and challenges of Islamic religious education after the covid 19 pandemic. Researchers use quantitative methods using survey models and in-depth interviews. The survey used in this research is online-based using the WhatsApp and Google Form applications. This research results in the formation of Islamic religious values in students, where students can know the importance of learning Islamic religious education in everyday life. Researchers can conclude that the role and challenges faced by an educator after covid 19 are enormous. The limitations of this study, researchers are only able to instill religious values in students for everyday life. Researchers hope that further research will not only focus on religious education, but can instill other values.  

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Rural Communities Regarding Antimicrobial Resistance and Climate Change in Adadle District, Somali Region, Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods Study.

There is an urgent need for interventions in addressing the rapid and disproportionate impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and climate change (CC) on low- and middle-income countries. Within this context, it is important to understand indigenous knowledge in rural communities, which are highly affected. This study examined knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) regarding AMR and CC in the Adadle district, Somali region, Ethiopia, utilizing mixed methods, including 362 surveys and 12 focus group discussions among rural communities. Findings showed that 39% and 63% of participants were familiar with AMR and CC, respectively. Of those surveyed, 57% attributed AMR to inappropriate antimicrobial use in animals and humans, while CC was often associated with Allah/God. Multivariable analysis indicated that males exhibited superior knowledge and a positive attitude towards AMR and CC. Additionally, individuals aged 26-35 and 36-45 years showed heightened awareness of AMR and CC, respectively. Moreover, participants who were government employees, pastoralists, and business owners showed better knowledge on CC compared to family caretaker. Religious education and households with more than six members were linked to lower AMR knowledge. This study underlines a greater awareness of CC than AMR and highlights gender-based disparities, recommending integrated educational AMR programs targeting different demographics through a One Health lens, actively involving females, and incorporating local beliefs and practices.

Enhancing religious education teaching and learning for sustainable development in Lesotho

This article utilises Gadamerian hermeneutics method and Freirean theory of the purpose of Religious Education to explore how Religious Education can contribute to achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 4, emphasising education for sustainable development. The study contends that Religious Education in Lesotho occupies a distinctive position in the education system, surpassing other countries in its extensive integration. Due to historical factors, Religious Education is taught in nearly all religiously affiliated schools, comprising about 90% of all educational institutions in Lesotho, and even in certain public schools. The curriculum of Religious Education in Lesotho aligns directly with the educational objectives of SDG 4. Additionally, Lesotho’s Religious Education corresponds to three levels of school education for sustainable development: whole school approach, classroom approach, and community approach. Nevertheless, the study asserts that for Religious Education in Lesotho to better align with education for sustainable development, various enhancements are required. Firstly, inclusivity across all religious traditions is essential, moving beyond a sole focus on Christianity. Secondly, there is a need for wider dissemination and implementation of Religious Education in all schools, irrespective of their affiliation. Lastly, a shift from traditional pedagogies to transformative approaches is recommended to boost the effectiveness of Religious Education in advancing sustainable development.Contribution: This article contributes by analysing Lesotho’s case and its implications for enhancing Religious Education teaching to effectively address SDGs. It broadens existing knowledge on Religious Education’s potential as a platform for sustainable development and provides recommendations for its improved implementation in a specific context.

The Concept of Islamic Education Today in the Challenges of the Social Media Era

Nowadays, Islamic religious education is often underestimated in educational institutions. As researchers can see, with the development of the times social media is very influential on Islamic religious education. Because social media is often used in everyday life. Good against teachers, students or other communities. The purpose of researchers conducting research is to find out the concept of Islamic education in the challenges of the social media era. In this study, researchers used quantitative methods with servey models and in-depth interviews. The results of the study can be concluded that in today's era Islamic religious education is often trivialized by society. But actually Islamic education is very influential on future generations. Therefore, researchers can conclude that Islamic education is very important, because religious education is the main key to the morals and attitudes of students. Meanwhile, with the existence of Islamic religious education in schools, the morals and manners of students are problematic. Imagine if Islamic religious education is abolished or underestimated how the moral development of the nation's successors. The limitation of this study is that researchers have not been able to find ways or solutions so that religious education is not underestimated or trivialized by educational institutions or society. The researcher's hope for future researchers is that future researchers can find ways or solutions so that Islamic education is not underestimated.
  

Attitude of Teachers towards Moral Education: A Perspective of Primary Level Education

Attitude of Teachers towards Moral Education: A Perspective of Primary Level Education

Mobile Legends dan Dampak Toksik: Refleksi Sikap dan Perilaku Remaja dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam

Mobile Legends, as an online game that is popular among teenagers, has attracted the attention of many parties regarding the social and behavioral impacts that may arise from interactions in the game. This scientific article aims to explore the toxic impact of Mobile Legends on adolescent attitudes and behavior, with a focus on the perspective of Islamic religious education. This study uses a qualitative approach in the form of interviews to collect data from teenagers who actively play Mobile Legends. Through in-depth interviews, this research tries to identify patterns of toxic behavior in games and analyze how the values of Islamic religious education can shape teenagers' understanding of the concepts of justice, tolerance and ethics in the context of online games. The research results show that there is a correlation between the intensity of playing Mobile Legends and changes in teenagers' attitudes and behavior. Apart from that, this article also discusses Islamic education strategies that can be implemented to overcome toxic impacts that may arise, including the formation of moral character, instilling Islamic values, and promoting mutual respect in cyberspace. It is hoped that this article will provide deeper insight into the relationship between Mobile Legends and its toxic impact on adolescent attitudes and behavior, as well as contribute to the development of Islamic religious education in facing modern challenges such as online games which can influence the mindset and behavior of the younger generation.