Relevant Pages Research Articles

Focused crawling from the basic approach to context aware notification architecture

<p><span lang="EN-IN">The large and wide range of information has become a tough time for crawlers and search engines to extract related information. This paper discusses about focused crawlers also called as topic specific crawler and variations of focused crawlers leading to distributed architecture, i.e., context aware notification architecture. To get the relevant pages from a huge amount of information available in the internet we use the focused crawler. This can bring out the relevant pages for the given topic with less number of searches in a short time. Here the input to the focused crawler is a topic specified using exemplary documents, but not using the keywords. Focused crawlers avoid the searching of all the web documents instead it searches over the links that are relevant to the crawler boundary. The Focused crawling mechanism helps us to save CPU time to large extent to keep the crawl up-to-date.</span></p>

A study on use of the web for automatic answering of remedy finding questions of common users.

The World Wide Web has become a huge repository of knowledge in many domains, including health problems and remedy. An intelligent system, having the capability of mining the relevant information from the web, can provide instant guidance in our basic health problems. The first objective is to convert the free-form long user query into a structured summary. The second objective is to provide an advice for a health query posed by a user. The suggestion can be in the form of names of medicines and related information or a warning to indicate that the situation is a medical emergency. First, a set of template information is extracted from the user question. A search query is formed to retrieve relevant pages from a set of trusted websites. The retrieved pages are processed in various levels to extract the remedy and related information. The system is tested using a set of real questions collected from various relevant websites. The system generated suggestions are evaluated by experts. Evaluation results show that the system provides relevant results in 92.92% cases.

Intelligent web search system for personalised web search based on recommendation of web page communities

In this paper an intelligent web search system is proposed based on recommendation of web page communities for personalised web search (PWS). Web page communities are set of web pages that provide the good quality resource on a given topic. The intelligent search system adapts the web search to the user's information need based on recommendation of web page communities. The groups of similar content clicked web pages in clusters are selected for generation of web page communities using maximum flow algorithm with hyperlink-induced topic search (HITS). The cluster of web page communities is selected for recommendations of relevant web pages to user during web search for effective web information retrieval. Experiment was conducted on collection of web query sessions in academics, entertainment and sports domain. The experimental results were compared with classic IR and PWS (HITS) based on same dataset and hence the results show the improvement in precision of search results using intelligent web search based on web page communities.

Peter Doherty, Nobel Laureate: Questions and Reflections Concerning MHC Restriction and other Fruits of a Life of Biomedical Erudition.

In 1974, Peter Doherty and Rolf Zinkernagel published a landmark article in Nature [1] that described the ability of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-specific cytotoxic T cells to lyse LCMV-infected, 51Cr-labeled target cells if the target cells shared class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules with these T cells. Surprisingly, infected and labeled target cells with disparate class I MHC molecules were not lysed. This phenomenon, which came to be known as “MHC restriction,” was a major advance in our understanding of the way in which T cells recognize antigen and was ultimately the basis for the awarding of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Peter Doherty and Rolf Zinkernagel. Readers interested in more information on Dr. Doherty or on MHC restriction are referred to the relevant pages of the Nobel Prize website [2].

Towards common terminology on energy landscapes - preface

The COST RELY Glossary on Renewable Energy and Landscape Quality is the result of the European COST RELY project that focused on investigating the influence of renewable energy production on landscape quality. 31 people participated in developing and revising the definitions and descriptions for the 46 terms included in the glossary. Work was done in the period from 2015 to 2017 in multiple rounds of revision done by the RELY experts. Terms in the glossary are clustered into three groups: first group terms are directly connected to the landscape and its characteristics, the second one touches the planning process and methods, and the last one covers different renewable energy sources and production types. Each entry to the glossary consists of six elements: the term, definition, related terms, keywords, illustration(s) and sources. The terms are based on the expert knowledge of the contributors, scientific literature (monographs and articles), EU regulation, relevant web pages and other useful sources, stated in the Reference section. At the end of the glossary, terms are translated into 28 European languages including Esperanto. The glossary targets the researchers from the field, policy makers, local communities, investors in the sector of renewable energy and NGOs concerned with the matter in order to assure that people from different educational background and profession understand and use the term in the same manner. Beside from internal Action use, the terms shall contribute to existing glossaries on the relevant topics.

LionRank: lion algorithm-based metasearch engines for re-ranking of webpages

Due to the rapid growth of the web, the process ofcollecting the relevant web pages based on the user query is one of themajor challenging tasks in recent days. Hence, it is very complicated forthe users to know the most relevant information even though various searchengines are widely employed. To deal with users trouble in identifying therelevant information from the web, we have proposed a meta-lion searchengine to capture and analyze the ranking scores of various search enginesand thereby, generate the re-ranked score results. Accordingly, LionRank, alion algorithm-based meta-search engine is proposed for the re-ranking ofthe web pages. Here, different features like text based, factor based, rankbased and classifier based features are used by the underlying searchengines. In classifier based feature extraction, we have used the fuzzy integrated extended nearest neighbor (FENN) classifier to include thesemantics in feature extraction. Moreover, an intelligent re-ranking processis proposed based on the lion algorithm to fuse the features scoresoptimally. Finally, the results of the proposed LionRank is analyzed withthe web page database collected through four benchmark queries, and thequantitative performance are analyzed using precision, recall, and F-score.From the results, we proved that the proposed LionRank obtained the maximumF-score of 81%as compared with that of existing search engines likeQuadRank, Outrank, Google, Yahoo, and Bing.

Integrating Wikipedia Articles and Images into an Information Resource for Radiology Patients.

Wikipedia-an open-access online encyclopedia-contains a large number of medically relevant articles and images that may help supplement glossaries of radiology terms. We sought to determine the extent to which concepts from a large online radiology glossary developed as part of the Patient-Oriented Radiology Reporter (PORTER) initiative could be mapped to relevant Wikipedia web pages and images using automated or semi-automated approaches. The glossary included 4090 concepts with their definitions; the concept's preferred name and lexical variants, such as plurals, adjectival forms, synonyms, and abbreviations, yielded a total of 13,030 terms. Of the 4090 concepts, 3063 (74.9%) had a corresponding English-language Wikipedia page identified by automated search with subsequent manual review. We applied the MediaWiki application programming interface (API) to generate web-service calls to identify the images from each concept's corresponding Wikipedia page; three reviewers selected relevant images to associate with the glossary's concepts. Licensing terms for the images were reviewed. For 800 randomly sampled concepts that had associated Wikipedia pages, 362 distinct images were identified from the MediaWiki library and matched to 404 concepts (51%). Three images (1%) had unspecified licensing terms; the rest were in the public domain or available via a Creative Commons license. Wikipedia and the MediaWiki library offer a large collection of medical articles and images that can be incorporated into an online lay-language glossary of radiology terms though a semi-automated approach.

Pre-travel advice for the Hungarian pilgrims of El Camino. Travel risks and instructions

The Way of St. James (El Camino) is getting more and more popular. Analysis of the age groups of the pilgrims shows that the number of young pilgrims (30< years) is decreasing, but the number of middle-aged people (30-60 years) is slightly increasing, while the number of elderly people (>60 years) has considerably increased. The statistical data of the Pilgrims' office in Santiago de Compostela also display the continuous elevation in the number of the "pilgrims" who had completed the El Camino without any religious or spiritual reason. Therefore this pilgrim route became a long-distance trekking - in the point of view of travel medicine. The old age is a high risk for travellers moreover in this long distance trekking. Therefore pre-travel counselling would be vital for aged pilgrims. Unfortunately, a few articles have been published only on the medical problems of El Camino. Taking into consideration the possible health damages during the 800 km long "Camino", the author describes its health hazards. This study could be a useful guideline for pre-travel advice for El Camino pilgrims as only limited information can be gained from the Pilgrims' Reception Office (PRO) in Santiago de Compostela. Some information was collected from the relevant pages of the internet. Therefore the author could draw limited consequences from the statistical data. Yet, the analysis of the medical causes of the deceased pilgrims told more about the hazards of 'The Way'. Although the number of female and male pilgrims was equal in the statistical data, yet the mortality rate of the male pilgrims is much more higher than that of the female pilgrims (93-7%). The most frequent cause of death was acute coronary syndrome or its suspicion (40-34%). The second most frequent cause of death was road traffic accident (17,5-25%). The most vulnerable pilgrims are the cyclists in this respect. The exacerbation of any chronic disease was also different among the genders (3-25%) but homicide is a more frequent cause of death in the female group (2%-8%). The cause of death was exhaustion, stroke, hypothermia and drowning (because of the ritual bathing in the sea, after the route completed) as well. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(38): 1535-1542.

Analisis Feature dan Machine Learning Untuk Pencarian Web

The use of website socialization is increasingly still for that amount of information growing rapidly, the harder it is to find the information within the specified time. The main searches for searches that are irrelevant or incompatible with user preferences, keyword-based searches, short questions. In this paper, we will examine the various features used in information retrieval. We will also discuss the relevance of web pages with users. We have classified by feature. In the end, we will compare different techniques and their pros and cons are discussed.

A Novel Approach on Focused Crawling With Anchor Text

A novel approach with focused crawling for various anchor texts is discussed in this paper. Most of the search engines search the web with the anchor text to retrieve the relevant pages and answer the queries given by the users. The crawler usually searches the web pages and filters the unnecessary pages which can be done through focused crawling. A focused crawler generates its boundary to crawl the relevant pages based on the link and ignores the irrelevant pages on the web. In this paper, an effective focused crawling method is implemented to improve the quality of the search. Here, three learning phases are considered namely, content-based, link-based and sibling-based learning are undergone to improve the navigation of the search. In this approach, the crawler crawls through the relevant pages efficiently and more relevant pages are retrieved in an effective way. It is proved experimentally that more number of relevant pages are retrieved for different anchor texts with three learning phases using focused crawling.

Selection and evaluation of Internet information by adults with intellectual disabilities

Internet offers people with intellectual disabilities (ID) unique opportunities to access information and to participate in society. But concerns have been raised about the potential risks they face when accessing the Internet (e.g. giving credit to false information, being exposed to manipulative content). As part of the current debate between positive risk-taking and overprotection, our study empirically tested the extent to which 43 adults with ID identified and selected topically relevant as well as trustworthy web pages while searching the Internet for several topics (e.g. Can social networks use your pictures for advertisement?). Participants also justified their search decisions. Results revealed that while searching familiar topics (i.e. social networks), participants selected more relevant and trustworthy pages than irrelevant and less trustworthy ones. Searches of less familiar topics (i.e. daily health), were carried out randomly, that is, without applying a specific criterion. Results point to the importance of topic familiarity on people’s with ID performance on Internet searching tasks. This pattern of results suggests that, first, we should avoid overprotection when people with ID search for familiar topics and, second, they need more support when searching for information about less familiar topics.

Profiling Web users using big data

Profiling Web users is a fundamental issue for Web mining and social network analysis. Its basic tasks include extracting basic information, mining user preferences, and inferring user demographics (Tang et al. in ACM Trans Knowl Discov Data 5(1):2:1–2:44, 2010). Although methodologies for handling the three tasks are different, they all usually contain two stages: first identify relevant pages (data) of a user and then use machine learning models (e.g., SVM, CRFs, or DL) to extract/mine/infer profile attributes from each page. The methods were successful in the traditional Web, but are facing more and more challenges with the rapid evolution of the Web each persons information is distributed over the Web and is changing dynamically. As a result, available data for a user on the Web is redundant, and some sources may be out-of-date or incorrect. The traditional two-stage method suffers from data inconsistency and error propagation between the two stages. In this paper, we revisit the problem of Web user profiling in the big data era and propose a simple but very effective approach, referred to as MagicFG, for profiling Web users by leveraging the power of big data. To avoid error propagation, the approach processes all the extracting/mining/inferring subtasks in one unified framework. To improve the profiling performance, we present the concept of contextual credibility. The proposed framework also supports the incorporation of human knowledge. It defines human knowledge as Markov logics statements and formalizes them into a factor graph model. The MagicFG method has been deployed in an online system AMiner.org for profiling millions of researchers—e.g., extracting E-mail, inferring Gender, and mining research interests. Our empirical study in the real system shows that the proposed method offers significantly improved (+ 4–6%; $$p\ll 0.01$$ , t test) profiling performance in comparison with several baseline methods using rules, classification, and sequential labeling.

Sharing the Caring - Reinvigorating GP Ante-natal Share Care on the Central Coast

Introduction – context and problem statement: An examination of the causes of a substantial decline in GP Antenatal Share Care (GPANSC) on the Central Coast over the last 15 years, and solutions to re-invigorate the GPANSC. Aim and theory of change: GPANSC can provide women centred care and continuity of care close to the woman’s home. A survey of Central Coast women showed 9% want GPANSC however only 3% were participating. Goal: Improve women’s access to antenatal care of their choice, by increasing GPANSC. Objectives: 1. Increase the number of women receiving GPANSC from 3% to 9% and the number of GPs who provide ANSC from 71 to 81 by January 2018. 2. Ensure that all pregnant women accessing pregnancy care with the LHD are aware of GPANSC as an option. The Agency for Clinical Innovation (ACI) Clinical Redesign Framework and Accelerating Implementation Methodology (AIM) principles were followed. Targeted population and stakeholders: Women presenting for pregnancy care GPs Local Health District & Primary Health Network staff Timeline: Jan 2016-2018 Description of practice change implemented: ACI Clinical Redesign methodology with strong stakeholder involvement in all stages. Solutions are being implemented to address the key issues identified: Increase Women’s knowledge of options of care Remove Registration list for GPs Improve Communication between key stakeholders Regular Antenatal Education Events Central Contact Person Pilot Midwife position providing GP Practice Visits Increase Use of HealthPathways Highlights – innovation, impact, outcomes: This project is currently in implementation phase and early results are promising: Patient surveys showed patient understanding of GPANSC increased from 67% (April 2016) to 81% (December 2016). 18 new GPs commencing GPANSC. Sustained increase in the number of views of relevant pages on HealthPathways since June 2016. Percentage of women enrolled in GPANSC has risen to 5.6% (at September 2017). 38 GP Practice visits from pilot Midwife position. Sustainability: Greater collaborative community based Antenatal Care not only increases patient satisfaction but has positive fiscal benefits for LHDs as GP ANSC is partially or fully funded via Medicare. Low- risk pregnancy care in the community with GPs also results in an increased capacity in the hospital setting for High Risk Clinics. Transferability: There is generality of the diagnostics and solutions generated in this clinical redesign intervention for other LHDs looking to provide woman centred care in a collaborative model, and sustainable maternity services in a time of medical and midwifery workforce shortages and increasing birth rates. Conclusion & Key Findings: This initiative demonstrates collaboration between a Local Health District and GPs to connect health care for the benefit of pregnant women. Following a structured framework for clinical redesign is important to ensure strong stakeholders engagement. Discussions: Addressing long standing communication issues and declining interest in GPANSC requires extended timeframes and a commitment to maintaining relationships between stakeholders. Lessons Learned: Patient experience measures are useful to feedback to clinicians, and are powerful drivers for change. Implementing a clinical redesign project during an organisational restructure and redevelopment maybe challenging due to change fatigue among staff.

A novel page clipping search engine based on page discussion topics

In this paper, we propose a page clipping search engine based on page discussion topics. Compared to other search engines, our search engine uses the page discussion topic instead of the search engine results page as the main result. After the user selects the topic of interest, our search engine will clip the relevant pages according to the selected topic and produce an integrated page result. The advantage of this topic-based integration page result is that the user can reduce the time it takes to decide whether the page content is relevant. Our results consist of two parts: the query-related discussion topics and the clipping results for relevant pages. We first use an adjusted N-gram language model and a hash method to produce discussion topics. At the same time, we use the idea of binary coding and mathematical set to organize related topics into a hierarchical topic tree with parent–child relationship. Next, we use a cost-effective genetic algorithm to produce the relevant page clipping results. This study has the following three advantages. The first is that we can find multiple clustering relationships, that is, a child topic can appear simultaneously in multiple parent topics. The second is that we propose a good topic generation method, that is, we cannot only produce better quality topics, but also produce the topic tree in a linear time. The third is that we propose a good clipping generation method, that is, we cannot only produce better quality clippings, but also produce a cost-effective solution.

Instruction of Digital Reading Strategies Based on Eye-Movements Modeling Examples

During the last decade, several studies have proposed and tested different instructional methods for teaching digital reading strategies to young students. In this study, we have tested the effectiveness of a program combining eye-movements modeling examples (EMMEs) and contrasting cases to instruct ninth-grade students how to plan, evaluate, and monitor their digital reading. EMMEs are videos that display a dot representing the eye movements of a model and an oral transcription of her thoughts while answering a specific question in a hypertext. Students in the EMME condition obtain higher comprehension scores in a posttest performed 1 week after the instruction, as compared with a control group that have received a control instruction using written case examples. Students working with EMMEs also spend more time reading the main digital document, but they do not differ in terms of visits and time to relevant and irrelevant pages. Our study suggests that EMMEs can be used to foster literacy strategy instruction.

Multi term based co-term frequency method for term weighting in information retrieval

Nowadays, World Wide Web (WWW) has become the only source of all kind of information. Retrieving the relevant web pages based on user queries from WWW is an exigent task. Term frequency inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) is the most frequently used method for term weighting based on the occurrences and presence of a term inside the document. Retrieved document based on a single query term may not relate to the user search. This may lead the user to process the unwanted information. So, this paper proposes a new term weighting method named co-term frequency, in which the weight is assigned according to the multi terms which commonly occur in all documents. From the measures of precision, recall and F-score of the proposed method, it is clearly evident that the proposed framework retrieves the most relevant web pages when compared to other term weighting methods.

Acquisition of Anecdotes from The Web for Free Conversation Systems

A free conversation system that can talk freely with users gives computers human-like qualities that can enrich our daily lives. This paper proposes a method to automatically acquire anecdotes from various people on the Internet as a source of knowledge to be accessed by free conversation systems. Firstly, passages that are related to a given person are retrieved by searching the relevant web pages. Secondly, each page is segmented and then, thirdly, each passage is judged as to whether it is an anecdote by applying several rules based on the linguistic features of the anecdotes. The experimental results showed that the precision of our method was increased by 25% when compared to the baseline.

Efficacy and adverse events of oral isotretinoin for acne: a systematic review.

Despite many years of clinical use of isotretinoin, a comprehensive review of evidence for isotretinoin therapy in patients with acne is lacking. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, relevant web pages and bibliographies for randomized controlled trials in acne evaluating isotretinoin vs. control (placebo or other therapy). Data were extracted and summarized descriptively. Eleven trials were identified (total 760 patients randomized), containing mostly men. Mean treatment ages ranged from 18 to 47·9 years and participants generally had moderate-to-severe acne. Across all trials, isotretinoin therapy reduced acne lesion counts by a clinically relevant amount, and always by a greater amount than control, which was either placebo (two studies), oral antibiotics (seven studies) or other control (two studies). Across trials with an overall low risk of bias, two of three demonstrated statistically significant differences between isotretinoin and control. The frequency of adverse events was twice as high with isotretinoin (751 events) than with control (388 events). More than half of all adverse events were dermatological and related to dryness. Adverse events from isotretinoin causing participant withdrawal from trials (12 patients) included Stevens-Johnson syndrome, cheilitis, xerosis, acne flare, photophobia, elevated liver enzymes, decreased appetite, headaches and depressed mood. This review suggests that isotretinoin is effective in reducing acne lesion counts, but adverse events are common. This study was registered with PROSPERO number CRD42015025080.

Set of tuples expansion by example with reliability

PurposeThis paper aims to focus on the design of algorithms and techniques for an effective set expansion. A tool that finds and extracts candidate sets of tuples from the World Wide Web was designed and implemented. For instance, when a given user provides <Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesian Rupiah>, <China, Beijing, Yuan Renminbi>, <Canada, Ottawa, Canadian Dollar> as seeds, our system returns tuples composed of countries with their corresponding capital cities and currency names constructed from content extracted from Web pages retrieved.Design/methodology/approachThe seeds are used to query a search engine and to retrieve relevant Web pages. The seeds are also used to infer wrappers from the retrieved pages. The wrappers, in turn, are used to extract candidates. The Web pages, wrappers, seeds and candidates, as well as their relationships, are vertices and edges of a heterogeneous graph. Several options for ranking candidates from PageRank to truth finding algorithms were evaluated and compared. Remarkably, all vertices are ranked, thus providing an integrated approach to not only answer direct set expansion questions but also find the most relevant pages to expand a given set of seeds.FindingsThe experimental results show that leveraging the truth finding algorithm can indeed improve the level of confidence in the extracted candidates and the sources.Originality/valueCurrent approaches on set expansion mostly support sets of atomic data expansion. This idea can be extended to the sets of tuples and extract relation instances from the Web given a handful set of tuple seeds. A truth finding algorithm is also incorporated into the approach and it is shown that it can improve the confidence level in the ranking of both candidates and sources in set of tuples expansion.

Dynamic Web information foraging using self‐interested agents: Application to scientific citations network

SummaryIn this paper, a dynamic information foraging approach is proposed. Game theory and more precisely normal‐form is adapted to model the addressed problem. We tackle the issue of Web information foraging as a game played by a set of self‐interested agents that aim at reaching relevant Web pages in a short time. We introduce three kinds of agents along with the strategies followed by each one of them. In fact, the actions performed by the agents would highly depend on the strategy they adopt. We propose a pure strategy, a mixed strategy, and a fully mixed strategy respectively for the three kinds of agents. The agents share a common goal, which is satisfying a specific information need and work together in order to achieve it. The cooperative aspect between the self‐interested agents allows to get information from the Web in an effective and efficient way. Furthermore, we discuss the dynamic aspect of our information foraging approach which is ensured thanks to a modular multi‐agent system architecture. In order to test our Web information foraging system, we performed extensive experiments on the Citation Network Dataset that includes more than 2.3 million scientific publications. A preprocessing step was conducted with the aim of classifying the publications according to the 2012 ACM ontology, the purpose being to make our approach scalable. We also compared the results of our approach with two information access approaches. The first one deals with Web information retrieval whereas the second concerns medical information foraging. The experimental results show the superiority of our approach in terms of efficiency and results quality.