Relevant Pages Research Articles

Focused Web Crawler For Retrieving Relevant Contents

The rapid growth of the World-Wide Web creates unusual scaling challenges for the purpose of general crawlers and for search engines also. we delineate a new hypertext resource discovery system which is called as Focused Crawler. The main aim of a focused crawler is to seek out the pages selectively which are very relevant to a previous defined set of topics. The topics are specified not only by using keywords, but also using prototypical documents. Instead of collecting and indexing all accessible Web documents we should also be able to answer all the possible ad-hoc queries, The main work of focused crawler is to analyze its crawl boundary to find out the links that are mostly alike for the crawl, and it avoids the unnecessary and irrelevant regions of the Web. This leads to savings in the hardware resources and network resources also and it helps the crawl for more up-to-date. A classifier that evaluates the suitable hypertext documents with respect to the relevant topics, and a distiller is introduced to filter the unwanted topic from the whole content. Focused crawling acquires relevant pages while standard crawling quickly loses its way, even though they are very similar. Focused crawling is robust against large troubles for the initial set of URLs. Focused crawling is very effective for building good quality collections of the Web documents on specific topics, using modest desktop hardware.

BeeRank

There is an incredible change in the world wide web, and the users face difficulty in accessing the needed information as per their need. Different algorithms are devised at each step of the information retrieval process, and it is observed that ranking is one of the core ingredients of any search engine that plays a major role in arranging the information. In this regard, different measures are adopted for ranking the web pages by using content, structure, or log data. The BeeRank algorithm is proposed that provides quality results, which is inspired by the artificial bee colony algorithm for web page ranking and uses both the structural and content approach for calculating the rank value and provides better results. It also helps the users in finding the relevant web pages by minimizing the computational complexity of the process and achieves the result in minimum time duration. The working is illustrated and is compared with the traditional PageRank algorithm that incorporates only structural links, and the result shows an improvement in ranking and provides user-specific results.

Owner and Veterinarian Perceptions of Equine Euthanasia and Mortality Composting

Challenges associated with burial, rendering, and cremation have forced horse owners to seek alternative mortality disposal methods. While equine mortality composting has been successfully demonstrated, industry-wide adoption has been limited. Therefore, evaluation of horse owners’ and veterinarians’ perceptions and experience with mortality composting is needed. Two surveys were developed to evaluate industry practices and decisive factors regarding equine euthanasia and mortality disposal methods. Each survey was designed for a separate audience: horse owners or veterinarians serving equines. The surveys were advertised as weblinks on relevant Facebook pages, e-newsletters, and email listservs. Data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate models for associations and factors influencing decisions surrounding composting. The surveys yielded 1,225 and 244 usable responses from horse owners and veterinarians, respectively. Respondent demographics were consistent with previous survey reports for horse owners and veterinarians in the United States with a majority being female between 41 and 60 years of age with long-term industry involvement. Horse owners (86%) and veterinarians (84%) that preferred chemical euthanasia tended to prefer burial (58% and 42%, respectively) over other mortality disposal methods. Only 12% of horse owner respondents had ever tried composting and only 25% of veterinarian respondents had ever recommended composting. Horse owner (47%) and veterinarian (67%) respondents indicated they would be more open to trying and recommending mortality composting if more scientific research were available. Equine mortality composting shows potential as a primary disposal method for the equine industry. Research and educational programs are key to industry-wide acceptance of equine mortality composting.

IceBear: an intuitive and versatile web application for research-data tracking from crystallization experiment to PDB deposition.

The web-based IceBear software is a versatile tool to monitor the results of crystallization experiments and is designed to facilitate supervisor and student communications. It also records and tracks all relevant information from crystallization setup to PDB deposition in protein crystallography projects. Fully automated data collection is now possible at several synchrotrons, which means that the number of samples tested at the synchrotron is currently increasing rapidly. Therefore, the protein crystallography research communities at the University of Oulu, Weizmann Institute of Science and Diamond Light Source have joined forces to automate the uploading of sample metadata to the synchrotron. In IceBear, each crystal selected for data collection is given a unique sample name and a crystal page is generated. Subsequently, the metadata required for data collection are uploaded directly to the ISPyB synchrotron database by a shipment module, and for each sample a link to the relevant ISPyB page is stored. IceBear allows notes to be made for each sample during cryocooling treatment and during data collection, as well as in later steps of the structure determination. Protocols are also available to aid the recycling of pins, pucks and dewars when the dewar returns from the synchrotron. The IceBear database is organized around projects, and project members can easily access the crystallization and diffraction metadata for each sample, as well as any additional information that has been provided via the notes. The crystal page for each sample connects the crystallization, diffraction and structural information by providing links to the IceBear drop-viewer page and to the ISPyB data-collection page, as well as to the structure deposited in the Protein Data Bank.

Ioan Lupaș – the maker and memorialist of the Union of Transylvania with Romania

A prolific historian, a professor of the Andreian Seminary in Sibiu, parish priest of Săliștea and an archpriest of Mărginimea Sibiului, a professor of the ‘King Ferdinand I’ University in Cluj, a titular member of the Romanian Academy, a talented publicist, a co-founder of the Institute of National History in Cluj, a deputy in the Parliament of Greater Romania, a minister in the Averescu and Goga-Cuza governments, a patriot and victim of the Bolshevik regime in the 1950s’ Romania, Ioan Lupaș is a scholar with the aura of a saint. Fr. Lupaș is part of the admirable generation of those who committed themselves with all their power and selflessness to the national movement of the Transylvanian Romanians, those who achieved the Union of Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș with the Kingdom of Romania on 1 December 1918 and then fought for the consolidation of national unity during the interwar period. Lupaș is part of the leading gallery of the makers of Greater Romania, and one of the few historians-participants who later wrote relevant pages about the astral event in which they were active participants. The study provides a brief biography of Ioan Lupaș, focusing on the activity of the archpriest at the time of the First World War, his involvement in the organization of the Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia, and the way in which he subsequently remembered the events and feelings experienced in the year of the ‘fortunate fulfilling of long-awaited goals’ and of ‘thoroughly well-deserved triumph’.

High-Quality Train Data Generation for Deep Learning-Based Web Page Classification Models

The current deep learning models detecting relevant web pages show low accuracy because of the poor quality of the training data. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to automatically generate high-quality training data based on the frequency of the document including the entity of interest. Our experimental results with movies and cellphones data sets show that the average F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -score of the deep learning models (FNN, CNN, Bi-LSTM, and SeqGAN) trained with our proposed algorithm shows up to 0.9992 in F <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> -score.

Analysis on the Structure of Influencing Factors of Sustainable Supply Chain Implementation of Water Diversion Project

The systematic analysis of the hierarchical relationship among the factors affecting the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects has theoretical value and practical significance for the sustainable development of large-scale water diversion projects. Through the investigation of relevant literature, books, web pages, materials, and discussions with relevant experts and scholars, a total of 23 factors influencing the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects were identified. Then using ISM (Interpretative Structural Modeling Method) to analyze the causality of each factor, a multi-level hierarchical structure model was obtained. The results showed that: 1) The surface-level influencing factors of the sustainable supply chain implementation of the water diversion project mainly included 8 factors such as water-saving awareness and water-saving intensity in the diversion area, water quality, water pollution and other disasters, effective incentive mechanisms, etc., and surface-level influencing factors were directly related to the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects. 2) The indirect influencing factors of the sustainable supply chain of water diversion projects included 12 factors such as the water quality and quantity guarantee rate of the supply chain, the government’s enforcement of laws and regulations, water distribution, ecological compensation, and compensation mechanisms for residents in the water source area. Indirect influencing factor scan acts directly on the direct influencing factors, and intervening in the factors that can be controlled by humans is one of the important ways to improve the sustainable operation of water diversion projects. 3) The fundamental influencing factors for the sustainable supply chain implementation of water diversion projects included three factors: Resettlement policy, government financial support, and sound laws and regulations. Deep influencing factors had multi-channel influence and controllability, and intervening in them was the main means to improve the sustainable operation of water diversion projects.

An Analysis of Common Security and Defence Policy’s (CSDP) Strategic Communication (StratCom)

Strategic communication (StratCom) is established as one of the key functions and interests of contemporary organisations and governments. The usefulness and importance of strategic communication becomes even more essential when the organisation is defence and security-focused or involved in crisis management. The objective of this study was to assess the strategic communication practices, and inherent challenges of communicating Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) and present relevant reflections. A documentary analysis of the relevant EU websites and social media pages of 16 CSDP missions and operations was conducted. This was supplemented with eight key-informant interviews with Press and Public Information Officers (PPIOs) of CSDP and EU strategists.&#x0D; &#x0D; The research demonstrated that most CSDP missions and operations are present on most social media platforms but they often garner very small number of likes, comments, shares, replies or interactions from their targeted audiences. Features of an echo-chamber are also observed. The study also found that public affairs (information) and public diplomacy were the two main forms of strategic communication that the CSDP utilises. CSDP&amp;rsquo;s strategic communication also tends to take a one-way StratCom process. The challenges faced in terms of StratCom by CSDP are not uniform; they are contextual ranging from resource, translation to mismatch of expectations. The major challenge, however, emanates from the structural problems of CSDP or the EU itself that are beyond the European External Action Service (EEAS) or the relevant Press and Public Information Offices (PPIOs). The study recommendations include quicker EU level political and policy compromise on CSDP, training and resource improvements for StratCom, &amp;lsquo;storytelling and use of real people&amp;rsquo;, highlighting gender, rights and local ownership, increasing the link with the international media and regular and appropriate self-appraisals.

Translation and cultural adaptation of iSupport in Brazil

AbstractBackgroundMost people with dementia are living in low‐ and middle‐income countries and are being cared for at home by their families. This task can negatively affect the mental and physical health of carers. However, public health initiatives to support family carers are still scarce. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the iSupport programme from World Health Organization for use by carers of people with dementia in Brazil.MethodsThe translation of the programme from English to Brazilian Portuguese was conducted by a professional translator. The translated content was discussed and checked for relevance, clarity and accuracy by a multidisciplinary team of researchers in Brazil. Next, 16 focus groups (n=48) were conducted with family carers of people with dementia and health and social care professionals in Sao Carlos‐SP, Brasilia‐DF and Sao Lourenco‐MG. Discussions were aimed at exploring whether the content of the translated version of iSupport was both clear and relevant to the needs of carers of people with dementia in Brazil. Representatives of the Brazilian Ministry of Health and Alzheimer’s Associations also contributed to this assessment.ResultsOverall, all participants had positive views of the iSupport material. In addition to researchers and translators, carers and professionals helped refine the text to make it clearer and more tuned to the Brazilian context. In general, participants found the material clearly written and culturally relevant. A few changes were suggested with regards to terminology and examples given in the modules to better fit the Brazilian culture and health systems, and links to relevant web pages of the Brazilian Alzheimer Association were included. Although further information could be added, the existing material was seen as sufficient.ConclusionThe translation and cultural adaptation of iSupport included inputs from four categories of participants and showed that the programme was considered easy to understand and culturally relevant for carers of people with dementia in Brazil. The next step will be to pilot the translated and culturally adapted programme with carers in Brazil to establish its efficacy and usability.

On the Issue of the Access of Citizens to Justice in the Conditions of Digitalization of Criminal Proceedings

The paper deals with the issues of ensuring access of citizens to justice in the conditions of introduction of digital technologies in criminal proceedings. The authors substantiate the obligation of the judiciary to ensure effective interaction with citizens and professional participants of procedural relations through electronic services and information resources. The paper analyzes socially useful effects from introduction of digital technologies in the mechanisms of court proceedings, as well as some emerging risks. Based on content analysis of Internet sites of the courts, the survey of different social groups, and analysis of the unfolding scientific discussions, the authors draw generalizing conclusions concerning the degree of accessibility of information posted on the relevant Internet pages, readiness of the society to widen the boundaries of digitalization in the field of legal proceedings, problems of introduction of digital technologies in criminal proceedings in comparison with other types of judicial proceedings. Proposals are made to optimize the information support of the activities of the courts. The authors conclude that due to introduction of digital technologies in the field of judicial proceedings a qualitative shift has taken place towards automation and simplification of clerical mechanisms. Search for the necessary information in the vast information field has become easier, as well as other positive social and legal changes have become possible. However, at this stage a complete transition to “digital proceedings”, at least in the field of criminal proceedings, is not possible, on the one hand, due to the very legalistic nature and essence of criminal procedure that requires participation of a human both at the pre-trial stages of the proceedings and at the level of administration of justice. On the other hand, the society is not ready yet to abandon traditional forms of interaction with the judicial system. The latter could inevitably lead to a violation of the right of citizens to access justice, since digital technologies are not yet available for a large group of the population due to a number of objective and subjective causes.

Efficiency measures for ranked pages by Markov Chain Principle

More often, the user likes to visit the web documents that appear in few top excellent responses to the list of links provided by the search engine and these results are the most likely accurate results to the search query. The Information Retrieval by Search Engine helps in retrieving the most relevant pages for query. In this paper, we propose an ideal technique for link analysis by taking web graph structure and we focus around the ranking of such links. The relevancy of the links is evaluated by using Markov Chain Principle and also query keyword occurrence is given a weight-age to the overall ranking of the links. The term proximity and discounted cumulative gain are used to simulate results and the scores show that the proposed methodology efficiently enhances the ranking of the web pages.

The impact of COVID-19 on children from poor families in Ghana and the role of welfare institutions

Purpose This paper is focussed on answering the following questions: How are poor families surviving in this era of COVID-19? What is life for children from poor families? What has become of their reality? To understand the realities of poor families and children during COVID-19, specifically in Ghana, this paper aims to analyse how COVID-19 has affected children from poor families in Ghana and how welfare institutions can work to provide rapid help to such families. Design/methodology/approach COVID-19 is affecting different populations in almost all parts of the world. One group that is likely to experience challenges are children because they have to depend on others for their survival. This study, therefore, provides an expert opinion on the issues that children in Ghana might face because of the global public health pandemic. Nonetheless, this research relied on secondary data from articles, journals, related studies, textbooks and relevant web pages to support the points made in the paper. Findings COVID-19 has put a lot of undue economic and social pressure on poor families. Due to these pressures, children from such families are likely to suffer a higher risk of child labour and streetism. Furthermore, they may miss out on the social and economic benefits the school system provides such as the free meals provided for public schools by the Government of Ghana under the school feeding programme. Originality/value Admittedly, there have been numerous studies since the outbreak of C0VID-19 pandemic. However, this paper is the first paper discussing into detail how COVID-19 has affected children from poor families and addresses how state welfare institutions can leverage on the use of efficient management information system to identify and support poor families during and post-COVID-19.

Investigation of sustainable utilization from wetlands and their surroundings in abandoned mining sites: Istanbul case study

The rapid increase in the world population, developments in industry and technology have caused an increase and diversification of economic needs. This situation revealed a huge need for raw materials and increased the demand for mining activities. In this study, it was aimed to examine the sustainable utilization from the wetlands and their surroundings formed in the abandoned mining areas by considering the local people. In this context, the research was carried out in the sample of Istanbul. Within the scope of the determined sample, questionnaire forms were developed for four different interest groups. The questionnaire studies were conducted in four different stakeholder groups, with 136 respondents in total, via e-mail or face-to-face interview technique. The people to be interviewed or surveyed in each group were determined in the full area according to the Conscious Sampling Method. The main material of the research consists of the data obtained from the questionnaire application and interviews, and the data obtained from the relevant institutions and web pages. The data were evaluated with descriptive statistics. Whether there is a difference in the opinions of the respondents in terms of various socio-economic groups was controlled by Kruskal-Wallis H-Test and different groups were determined by Duncan Test. Within the scope of the research, the using of this type areas as the thematic parks and recreation areas appears to be the most suitable options. The using of this type areas in this way will both contribute to the employment and economy of the city people and minimize the harmful effects that may arise as a result of mining activities. The main purpose in terms of the functions of the new recreation areas to be created is primarily to protect and maintain the plant and animal species and diversity of the region where it is located. Regarding this type of areas, it is necessary to develop the necessary legal arrangements, to benefit from the expert teams in rehabilitation works and scientific methods in applications and to develop the cooperation with the relevant institutions for the utilization at the highest level.

Annotator Rationales for Labeling Tasks in Crowdsourcing

When collecting item ratings from human judges, it can be difficult to measure and enforce data quality due to task subjectivity and lack of transparency into how judges make each rating decision. To address this, we investigate asking judges to provide a specific form of rationale supporting each rating decision. We evaluate this approach on an information retrieval task in which human judges rate the relevance of Web pages for different search topics. Cost-benefit analysis over 10,000 judgments collected on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk suggests a win-win. Firstly, rationales yield a multitude of benefits: more reliable judgments, greater transparency for evaluating both human raters and their judgments, reduced need for expert gold, the opportunity for dual-supervision from ratings and rationales, and added value from the rationales themselves. Secondly, once experienced in the task, crowd workers provide rationales with almost no increase in task completion time. Consequently, we can realize the above benefits with minimal additional cost.

An Embedded-Based Weighted Feature Selection Algorithm for Classifying Web Document

With the exponential increase in a number of web pages daily, it makes it very difficult for a search engine to list relevant web pages. In this paper, we propose a machine learning-based classification model that can learn the best features in each web page and helps in search engine listing. The existing methods for listing have lots of drawbacks like interfacing the normal operations of the website and crawling lots of useless information. Our proposed algorithm provides an optimal classification for websites which has a large number of web pages such as Wikipedia by just considering core information like link text, side information, and header text. We implemented our algorithm with standard benchmark datasets, and the results show that our algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms.

Instagram Verileri ile Duygu Analizi

In this study, as a result of emoji classification, comparison of two smart phone brands was made. In the first part of the study, thanks to Selenium, the relevant instagram pages were reached and the comments of the first posts were put into practice. In this section, it is aimed to extract data without using additional libraries and user logins. For this purpose, proper waiting times are added for loading the page. In the second part of the study, the collected emojis were classified as positive, negative and neutral, and the results were presented in a pie chart.

Using Facebook to recruit to a national online survey investigating complementary medicine product use in pregnancy and lactation: A case study of method

Online recruitment can be targeted efficiently to recruit specific samples for survey research. It has been shown to be a cost-effective method of recruitment, and useful for geographically dispersed populations. To describe the use of Facebook to recruit a targeted sample of expectant and breastfeeding mothers to a national online survey. Different techniques to assess response rates using data provided by Facebook are also described. Participants accessed an anonymous online survey through a link included in posts from a Facebook page specifically set up for the research. Recruitment strategies were primarily of two types. Firstly, Facebook was paid to promote posts by displaying them on potential participants' Facebook feeds. Secondly, by purposive and snowball recruitment through the sharing of posts on relevant Facebook pages. Post success was measured by the reach, impressions, link clicks, post clicks, and click through rates; and for boosted posts, the cost per day, and cost per engagement with the post as well. Traditional methods of calculating response rates, and response rates using post clicks and survey link clicks were calculated. After 10 weeks of recruitment, 1418 participants had enrolled in the study, and of these 810 (57.1%) completed the 20-minute (70 question) survey. Women participated from across Australia. Both paid and purposive approaches to promotion contributed to recruitment success. Paid promotions at higher costs for fewer days were the most successful. Total paid promotion costs were (Australian) $1147.97 (or $1.44 per completed survey). Purposive promotion was slower, but also contributed significantly to the number of people who saw the posts and clicked through to the survey. Traditional response rate calculations showed a response rate of 0.8%. Using post clicks and survey link clicks in calculations, resulted in response rates of 23.1% and 42.7%, respectively. A combination of paid promotions and purposive and snowball recruitment on Facebook were used to successfully recruit 1418 participants resulting in 810 completed surveys over a 10-week period, at a low cost per participant. Use of additional methods to measure response rates may be useful in measuring the success of using Facebook posts in recruitment.

Public Choice Theory: Its Application and Challenges in Public-Sector

This paper deals with the application and challenges of Public Choice Theory (PCT) in public-sector. The public-sector plays foundational roles in social change. Citizens and customers perception and expectation of the government is increasing. They are pressurizing the public-sector more than ever before. Hence, I analyzed, critiqued, and contrasted PCT in terms of contemporary authors for performance efficiency and quality in the public-sector. The application of PCT in public-sector seemed more challenging than the application of the theory in private-sector. In transferring concepts and applications to the public-sector, it requires developing principles and tools for the less competitive and a different context of this sector. The article gave a critical overview of the different definitions, ideas, principles of the PCT, and improvement as applied in the public-sector to bring about quality public service and good governance. This paper based on the overall review of literature, such as relevant books, journals, articles, research results, newspapers, and web pages attempted to identify the challenges and remedies of enhancing service effectiveness and quality in public-sector and the study found out that the PCT is not universally applicable in the public-sector. Keywords: Public choice theory, Public-Sector, new public management, quality service, customer, citizen. DOI: 10.7176/JAAS/66-02 Publication date: July 31 st 2020

Web Crawler and Web Crawler Algorithms: A Perspective

A web crawler is also called spider. For the intention of web indexing it automatically searches on the WWW. As the W3 is increasing day by day, globally the number of web pages grown massively. To make the search sociable for users, searching engine are mandatory. So to discover the particular data from the WWW search engines are operated. It would be almost challenging for mankind devoid of search engines to find anything from the web unless and until he identifies a particular URL address. A central depository of HTML documents in indexed form is sustained by every search Engine. Every time an operator gives the inquiry, searching is done at the database of indexed web pages. The size of a database of every search engine depends on the existing page on the internet. So to increase the proficiency of search engines, it is permitted to store only the most relevant and significant pages in the database.

The Unprecedented Pandemic 'COVID-19' Effect on the Bangladesh Apparel Workers by Shivering the Apparel Supply Chain

COVID-19, known as a pandemic, affects the global economy. ILO declared this virus as a labor market and economic crisis. This study has been conducted for understanding the effect of COVID-19 on the apparel industry and the apparel manufacturing workers. This is a descriptive study, following the inductive procedure. The relevant information has been collected from the current academic literature, newspapers, reports publications, and relevant web pages. An online interview with the manufacturers, policymakers, trade unions, researchers, and academicians has been conducted for primary information collection. This study has found that the apparel industry is one of the most affected industries among the other industries by COVID-19. The retailers’ shops are being closed with having zero turnovers which leads to ordering cancelation to the manufacturing factories. Bangladesh's apparel manufacturing industry is also drastically affected due to COVID-19. The factories can’t pay the workers’ salaries in this critical situation. Therefore, millions of workers have been sent home without their wages. Sometimes, it has predicted that the workers would lose jobs due to factory closure. The Government took lots of initiatives i.e. tax rebates, reduce VAT, financial support to the owners to pay the workers’ wages, loan installment rescheduling, etc. Albeit, these initiatives were taken for the welfare of the factory owners and the workers remain oppressed. So, a proper policy strategy is indeed an emergency to support the destitute workforce during the COVID-19 as well as in future financial crises that can happen due to this kind of epidemic or any reason. This study will be supportive to the stakeholders of this sector to learn the impact of COVID-19 on the workers and make the necessary adjustment for the future betterment.