Relevant Financial Institutions Research Articles

The Importance of Estate Planning: A Comprehensive Coverage on Unclaimed Investments in India

Objective: Unclaimed investments in India have been a topic of interest for many individuals and organizations. The issue of unclaimed investments arises when individuals fail to claim their rightful financial assets, such as bank accounts, insurance policies, mutual funds, and other financial instruments. This could happen due to various reasons, including the death of the asset holder without leaving a will or without informing their heirs about the investments. Theoretical Framework: Addressing the issue of unclaimed investments requires a multi-faceted method involving various participants including the government, financial institutions, and the public. One of the key solutions is to enhance awareness among individuals about the importance of keeping track of their investments and updating their personal information with relevant financial institutions. Method: This research paper adopts a comprehensive approach to analyze the issue of unclaimed investments in India, drawing on multiple sources to provide a nuanced understanding of the topic. Results and Discussions: The analysis of the sources suggests that the issue of unclaimed investments in India is a multifaceted challenge, driven by both supply-side and demand-side factors. Research Implications: The unclaimed investments in India have garnered attention due to the significant amount of money involved. According to reports, there are billions of rupees lying unclaimed in various financial institutions across the country. Originality/Value: In the ever-evolving landscape of personal finance, the issue of unclaimed investments has become increasingly prominent, underscoring the critical role that estate planning plays in safeguarding one's financial legacy.

Marketing Strategy for Mitraguna Online Financing Products in Increasing the Number of Customers

This study aims to determine potential marketing strategies to increase the number of customers in the online mitraguna financing product of Bank Syariah Indonesia, Kisaran sub-branch office. This research uses qualitative research methodology. In qualitative research, the findings are analyzed and then reported by the researcher. In this study, two different types of data were used, namely primary and secondary. Interviews were used to obtain primary data, while publications from relevant financial institutions as well as relevant scientific literature were used to collect secondary data. The results of the data analysis resulted in the largest threat weight of 0.092538, the largest opportunity weight of 0.571429, the highest weakness weight of 0.210526, and the highest strength weight of 0.421053. The average overall score of the Internal Factor Evaluation matrix is 2.736842, but the average score of the External Factor Evaluation matrix is 2.952381. The results of this study indicate that the marketing strategy that needs to be implemented lies in quadrant V, namely the strategy of maintaining and maintaining by obtaining 5 alternative strategies that are expected to contribute to the Bank Syariah Indonesia Kisaran sub-branch office to increase the number of online mitraguna financing customers.

Health Insurance Literacy and Its Impact on Patient Satisfaction with the Quality of Medical Care

Introduction. Health insurance literacy is an important aspect of population health that contributes to the functioning of the healthcare system. The significance of health insurance literacy is underscored by data showing substantial financial resources dedicated to medical care through the compulsory health insurance system (CHI). However, surveys reveal that patients' health insurance literacy is generally lower than their overall medical literacy, leading to several issues.Purpose. The study aims to examine the main aspects of health insurance literacy and its importance for ensuring patient satisfaction with the quality of medical care.Materials and methods. The authors analyzed scientific literature on population literacy in insurance, health insurance, medical care, etc. 80 participants in Moscow and 80 participants in Surgut were asked to fill out a questionnaire on self-assessment of their level of health insurance literacy. A series of semi-struc-tured interviews were also conducted among doctors of the polyclinics visited by study participants.Results. Health insurance literacy is the knowledge and practical use of information about mitigating health risks and covering treatment costs through relevant financial institutions. Health insurance literacy is a structured system of competencies that requires a systematic approach. Improving the health insurance literacy of patients is an important task of any healthcare organization, as it can significantly increase the level of patient satisfaction with the quality of medical care and, consequently, the health of the general population.

Youth empowerment for national development in Cameroon: The case of youths in Buea municipality, south West Region

Youth empowerment remains a major issue in Cameroon and the world at large. This study sought to establish the link between youth empowerment and National Development, examine the activities of the government in the process of empowering youth as well as asses the challenges faced in empowering youths in Buea municipality, South West Region of Cameroon. A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. Random sampling procedure was used to select the youths. The sample size comprised 60 respondents. A 5-point Likert scale was, where variables were categorized as follows: strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, and strongly disagree. Data were presented as means of each group of charts and graphs. The results revealed that there were strategies used by the government to empower youths in the municipality with policies that emerged from the study such as the Cameroon national youth policy (2006), Special youth triennial plan, Growth and Empowerment Strategy Paper (GESP 2010) even thou they were not that adequate enough. Conclusion given was that such as financial literacy training should be open for all youths, public partnerships should be fostered between the government, development partners, non-governmental organizations, financial institutions and other relevant financial institutions to help youths to access information and capital were then given to ensure and promote adequate youth empowerment.

An Empirical Study on the Driving Factors of Financial Management Behavior of the Middle-Aged and Elderly Based on Logistic Model

With the rapid development of economy and society, people's demand and participation in investment and financial management are also gradually increasing. With the advent of an aging society, the participation of the middle-aged and elderly people in investment and financial management behavior is also gradually increasing, but so far, there is still a large space for development. This paper takes the middle-aged and elderly people as the research object, analyzes the basic situation of the middle-aged and elderly people's investment and financial decision-making through the literature analysis method, collects the specific data of the factors affecting the investment and financial decision-making through the questionnaire survey, and uses the logistic model and other methods to analyze the data. Finally, the regression analysis results show that age, financial knowledge, herding, risk preference and future expectation will have a significant impact on the investment and financial decision-making of the elderly. Through this research, this paper hopes to provide relevant financial institutions with opinions and references related to products, help the middle-aged and elderly people avoid the risk of financial fraud, and make a certain contribution to the development of financial market and the improvement of the participation of the middle-aged and elderly people in investment and financial management.

Priorities and movement vectors for further development of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine

Introduction. Ukraine continues to work on strengthening the role, importance and participation in European integration processes, improving the image of the national currency and stabilizing its exchange rate. In order to continue to be a participant in international trade operations, it is necessary to continue to form an effective foreign exchange market, because its normal functioning is an important component of the further development of the economy of Ukraine. Even under difficult modern conditions, international financial activity remains an important factor that determines the development of the currency market of Ukraine today and affects the ecosystem. Only thanks to external support, it is possible to stabilize and balance the currency market in the country. Purpose. The purpose of this article is an attempt to analyze the current state of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine in order to identify the main priorities and movement vectors for the further development of currency policy, in particular in the field of exchange rate regulation and to determine the main criteria for choosing the most appropriate currency regulation regime at this stage. Methodology. In the process of work, methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and comparison, and scientific abstraction were used. Results. This article summarizes some analytical data on the peculiarities of the current state of the currency market of Ukraine as a component of international economic relations and the impact of the war on it and a number of negative factors caused by it. The article also highlights a number of problems of both stabilization and development of the foreign exchange market of Ukraine and describes the policy of the National Bank of Ukraine to overcome them and outlines the ways to international cooperation and support as a key aspect of overcoming modern threats in the specified sphere. The article also recommends ways to develop the foreign exchange market and provides certain measures to eliminate existing threats in view of state policy and the work of relevant financial institutions. It also outlines the activities of the mono-regulator in the field of international cooperation with financial institutions and institutions with the aim of establishing support for the world and international financial institutions for the regulation of the foreign exchange market according to all key criteria of its development.

What Drives Consumer Purchasing Intention in Live Streaming E-Commerce?

The live streaming e-commerce market continues to grow with the rapid increase in contactless communication due to COVID-19. Live streaming e-commerce goes beyond the confines of traditional e-commerce of simply selling goods or services. It supplies information and allows synchronous information exchange between the online viewer (consumer) and the Internet celebrity, who influences the consumers information behavior and ultimately contributes to the long-term profit generation of the company. From online commerce to new retail and live streaming, China has been at the forefront of innovation in online commerce worldwide. Therefore, this study focuses on investigating the influences of live streaming e-commerce quality, such as service quality (SEQ), information quality (IQ), and system quality (SQ), on consumer purchase intention in China by applying the extended model of technology acceptance. Furthermore, this study analyzes the paths through which the live streaming e-commerce quality affects the consumer purchase intention, based on paths of perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived trust (PT), and perceived value (PV). To analyze this study, the data were collected from 231 customers who had used live streaming e-commerce apps in China (e.g., TikTok, Taobao, and Jingdong) and empirical analysis was applied. The results were summarized as follows: SQ is positively related to PU and PT. Similarly, IQ is positively related to PEU and PT. In addition, SEQ is also positively related to PU and PEU. Moreover, SQ affected the PV through PU and PT significantly and ultimately influenced consumer PI. Also, the path in which SEQ affects PU, which in turn affects PV, and ultimately PI, was found. This study found out the paths of how the live streaming E-commerce quality affects the consumer purchasing intention and contributes to the research field of e-commerce and consumer behaviors. Additionally, the results of this study give useful marketing suggestions for relevant financial institutions and enterprises.

The triple (T3) dimension of systemic risk: Identifying systemically important banks

AbstractThis paper proposes a new systemic risk measure based on a multi‐way analysis. The systemic risk is composed of two different components: the time and the cross‐dimension. The first refers to the accumulation of banking risk and its interaction with the business cycle, while the second concern, the high‐level concentration of the specific risk on relevant financial institutions. Thanks to the three‐way analysis, we can, on the one hand, estimate a new measure of systemic risk based on these both components, and, on the other hand, we can transparently identify the SIBs (systemically important banks). To this end, we have empirically evaluated and compared the marginal expected shortfall (MES), the SRISK measure and the conditional value at risk (CoVaR) based on a representative sample of Eurozone institutions listed on the stock exchange for the period from June 2005 to May 2018. Our results show how these systemic risk measures produce different systemic risk classifications for the same bank. The findings, therefore, highlight the fragility and structural dependence of these measures, which may not be used for the estimation of a stable rank. Applying three‐way factorial analysis, we show how our measure gives a more stable score. Moreover, our index is the first one to be composed of both the cross‐section and the temporal components, essential elements for a proper assessment of systemic risk.

El Financiamiento de la Integración Infraestructural sudamericana: las dificultades institucionales de constitución de un nuevo arreglo financiero regional

La Iniciativa para la Integracion de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana (IIRSA) - en terminos de financiamiento – tenia como objetivo crear esquemas regionales innovadores en la realizacion de proyectos compartidos de transporte, energia y telecomunicaciones. Ese articulo analiza la financiacion de las agendas de proyectos prioritarios ejecutados y concluidos entre 2005-2018 y la participacion de las Instituciones Multilaterales de Desarrollo (IMD), asi como de los sectores publico y privado. Para ello, busca identificar cuales fueron las instituciones financieras mas relevantes y los principales desafios enfrentados para la captacion de recursos en la region. Se argumenta que la idea de un arreglo de financiamiento innovador ha fracasado por cuenta de: la elevada dependencia de la inversion publica; la permanencia de un ciclo vicioso en que proyectos con recursos ya asignados son los que atraen mas recursos; la baja participacion de las IMDs; y el alejamiento del sector privado.

A Multi-Stage Self-Adaptive Classifier Ensemble Model With Application in Credit Scoring

In recent years, credit scoring has received wide attention from financial institutions with the rating accuracy influencing both risk control and profitability to a considerable extent. This paper presents a novel multi-stage self-adaptive classifier ensemble model based on the statistical techniques and the machine learning techniques to improve the prediction performance. First, the multi-step data preprocessing is employed to process the original data into the standardized data and generate more representative features. Second, base classifiers can be self-adaptively selected from the candidate classifier repository according to their performance in datasets and their parameters are optimized by the Bayesian optimization algorithm. Third, the ensemble model is integrated through these optimized base classifiers, and it can generate new features through multi-layer stacking and obtain the classifier weights in the ensemble model through the particle swarm optimization. The proposed model is applied to credit scoring to test its prediction performance. In the experimental study, three real-world credit datasets and four evaluation indicators are adopted for the performance evaluation. The results show that compared to single classifier and other ensemble classification methods, the proposed model has better performance and better data adaptability. It proves the reliability and practicability of the proposed model and provides effective decision support for the relevant financial institutions.

EU rules on corporate governance as means to promote sustainability?

Aim: As part of the recent economic and financial crisis management in the EU new regulatory measures have been adopted which are of relevance for company law and corporate governance. Although the modalities of corporate governance are primarily determined by companies themselves, the establishment of basic national and EU level rules is required so that minimum standards are respected in the public interest. With regard to EU competences, they pertain to full implementation of and safeguarding proper functioning of the EU internal market (Article 3(3) TEU and Articles 26-27 TFEU). The purpose of this paper is to analyse EU regulatory measures in the field of corporate governance with a view to their potential positive impact on sustainable functioning of European companies, notably in the financial sector, and thus also the stability of the financial system at large.Design/research methods: The applied research methodology includes a combination of theoretical and analytical methods. The paper is based on a review of relevant literature and an analysis of EU regulatory measures pertaining to inter alia new capital requirements for financial institutions, shareholder’s involvement and risk management.Conclusions/ Findings: It is submitted that, at least in theoretical terms, the analysed regulatory measures have a potential of improving sustainability of single companies, thereby translating into improved reliability of the whole financial system, also by way of reducing the risk of moral hazard of failing banks counting on public money injections.Implications/ Limitations of the research: The real impact on sustainability may, however, only be assessed once the discussed EU measures have been fully implemented or, as the case may be, where and on condition that they are fully endorsed by the companies themselves. In that regard, the theoretical and analytical methods applied in this research prove insufficient to provide a fully satisfactory answer to the research question, with the real impact of the discussed measures on sustainability being a potentially interesting field of study on the basis of a sample of system relevant financial institutions in the years to come.

Management of tractor-hiring entrepreneurship by tractor owners and Hiring Facilities Association of Nigeria

This study assessed the management of tractor-hiring entrepreneurship by Tractor Owners and Hiring Facilities Association of Nigeria (TOHFAN). Two-stage sampling technique was used to select respondents. A checklist was used in an in-depth interview to elicit relevant information which was analyzed qualitatively. Various models of tractor-hiring operations of TOHFAN were identified. The loan guarantee system, the tractor tracking system as well as the business challenges were examined. Data were collected using a checklist in a focus group discussion and key informant interview. Findings revealed that TOHFAN guaranteed loans for its members through collaboration with relevant financial institutions and vendors. Currently (as at December 2016), the association operates with 262 tractors and 757 members across 21 states of the country since 13 years of its establishment. Four distinct models identified were: model involving hiring agent, model involving booking agent, model involving TOHFAN as booking agent, and direct owner-farmer transaction. Tractor tracking device was used to determine the location of each tractor belonging to members. High and unstable interest rate was the major challenge confronting TOHFAN’s management of tractor-hiring services. This study concludes that TOHFAN’s operational model is unique and therefore recommends that investors in tractor-hiring services should be encouraged (through creation of awareness by extension agencies) to emulate the TOHFAN example in tractor-hiring management. Models and operational strategies used by TOHAN (especially the tracking device) can be adapted by the public tractor-hiring services in order to ensure effective tractor-hiring management in Nigeria. Keywords: Tractor-hiring, Entrepreneurship, TOHFAN, Nigeria

Kriterijumi i mehanizmi finansijskih institucija u finansiranju malih i srednjih preduzeća u državi Plateau, Nigerija

The inability of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to access funds from financial institutions has been identified as one of the major problems limiting their expansion horizons. This study assesses the criteria and mechanisms used by financial institutions when granting loans to SMEs. The data were sourced from the relevant financial institutions and analyzed by using different statistical tools. One of the findings revealed that the financial ratio and the internal control system accounted for 28.7% of the part of the conditions for granting loans to SMEs. Similarly, good working capital and the ease of asset conversion accounted for 94.5% of the criteria used by financial institutions to extend credits/loans to SMEs. Also, the educational background of SMEs' operators significantly influenced the financial institutions' choice of SMEs to finance. Based on these findings, the study recommends that there is a need for SMEs' operators to align their business activities with financial institutions' lending criteria.

Corporate decision to remain private in Mozambique: a qualitative study

Purpose – The purpose of this study was to explore the views of chief finance officers (CFOs) of companies in Mozambique toward understanding corporate decisions to remain private despite the potential benefits of stock market listing. Design/methodology/approach – The research adopted a qualitative approach. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 35 CFOs of the top 100 companies in Mozambique. Findings – Although most of the CFOs interviewed were aware of the existence of the stock exchange of Mozambique, many of them had never considered listing their firms. The major themes that emerged for why they do not use the stock market include the need to maintain ownership and control, not to disclose proprietary information to potential competitors and no need for the stock market because of availability of other sources. Practical implications – The study is of interest to corporate managers interested in sourcing funds in a manner that meets the peculiar needs of the firm. It is also important for policy makers in the government who are interested in developing relevant financial institutions that meets the need of potential users. Social implications – New and growth companies drive economic growth through new product development and job creation on which the society depends. Their ability to do this in the long run greatly depends on their ability to access cheaper sources of funds that meet their peculiar needs. Originality/value – No research has either quantitatively or qualitatively addressed the issue of why firms in Mozambique choose to remain private despite the incentives and potential benefits of listing. Studies conducted in the developed countries are not expected to throw much light on the countries like Mozambique because of the cultural and institutional differences.

Systemic Risk in Commercial Bank Lending

This paper develops a bank model for financial systemic risk in bank lending. The model analyzes the impact of a financial institution failure on the distribution of losses in the financial system. The fundamental idea is that bank loss rates may be decomposed into a level, momentum, systematic and systemic component. Financial institutions fail when unexpected losses exceed the capital buffer and the release of capital allocated to credits. Failed financial institutions pass these loss exceedances on to creditors, deposit insurance schemes or the general public. The benefits of the presented model framework are (i) the identification of systemically relevant financial institutions, and (ii) the measurement of the size of safety nets in terms of attachment likelihood and expected losses given attachment. The model is generally applicable as it does not rely on financial market data. The empirical evidence presented is based on information collected by US prudential regulators from 1997 to 2012. The parameter estimation is based on a novel maximum likelihood technique to derive the parameters in a non-linear mixed model with multiple random effects.

On the Evaluation of Performance System Incorporating “Green Credit” Policies in China’s Financial Industry

The main work of this paper is aimed, through utilizing the two-stage optimization theory, to estimate the green distance functions and Malmquist green growth indexes for the China’s main commercial banks and relevant financial institutions, and to further set up an overall appraisal index system to assess their performance in implementing the “Green Credit” principles. The paper also analyzes effects of the “Green Credit” policies influential on revenue achievements, as well as performs a decomposition analysis of the above impacts. The carry-outs of the paper may serve as useful references and guiding means in achievingChina’s economic transitional strategies of sustainable development.

To bail out or not to bail out systemically relevant financial institutions: The incentives of policy makers

The recent financial crisis has shown that many financial institutions may be systemically relevant. Their bankruptcy would cause significant costs for the overall economy. However, a clear definition of systemic risks still does not exist. Thus, the decision, whether an institution is, or is not systemically relevant is in the end made by policy makers. This paper takes a closer look at the incentives available to policy makers and their influence on the bailout decision. In the model presented here it is possible to show, that too many financial institutions get bailed out, when assuming that policy makers tend to be more risk-averse than socially optimal. The costs due to this misallocation of resources can be significant.

The Changing Role of Central Banks and the Role of Competition in Financial Regulation during (and in the Aftermath of) the Financial Crisis

escue cases involving guarantees (contrasted with restructuring cases) during the recent Financial Crisis, have illustrated the prominent position that the goal of promoting financial stability has assumed over that of the prevention or limitation of possible distortions of competition which may arise when granting State aid. The importance attached to maintaining and promoting financial stability—as well as the need to facilitate rescue and restructuring measures aimed at preventing systemically relevant financial institutions from failure, demonstrate how far authorities are willing to overlook certain competition policies. However, increased government and central bank intervention also simultaneously trigger the usual concerns—which include moral hazard and the danger of serving as long‐term substitutes for market discipline. How far central banks and governments should intervene and how far distortions of competition should be permitted ultimately depends on how systemically relevant a financial institution is.

Credit Default Swaps: The Risks and Regulatory Issues

The financial market has undergone a major shake-up/crisis and the credit default swap market is deemed to be the remote cause of this ill-fated crisis. The crisis broke when confidence was lost between banks around the world. The effects on the global financial system were far-reaching. Interbank lending dried up. The impact on some financial institutions, notably in the US and the UK, was catastrophic. Huge government bailouts followed. The remote cause of this crisis was actually linked to the intricacies of the credit derivative market particularly credit default swaps-its high risk volatility spread in the event of default; its lack of regulation and close supervision by authorities. This paper would give background information on derivatives: the types and uses of derivatives; credit derivatives; credit default swaps: the uses, common terms of CDS contracts and a brief overview of the CDS market-risks and regulatory issues. This paper reviews the recent regulatory frameworks for the credit derivatives market and the relevant financial institutions in the United Kingdom and the United States of America.

The Role of Central Banks and Competition Policies in the Rescue and Recapitalisation of Financial Institutions During (and in the Aftermath of) the Financial Crisis

Recent years have witnessed a change in focus from considerations of factors which could impede competition, for example over-regulation, to the need to strike a balance between over-regulation and insufficient regulation – in order to provide the right level of safety for consumers (such that they are protected from risky investments). A driving force behind the need for deregulation over the past two decades has been the objective and desire to foster competition. Re-regulation thereafter assumed centre stage in some jurisdictions in response to the need to manage cross sector services' risks more efficiently. Rescue cases involving guarantees (contrasted with restructuring cases) during the recent Financial Crisis, have illustrated the prominent position which the goal of promoting financial stability has assumed over that of the prevention or limitation of possible distortions of competition which may arise when granting State aid. The importance attached to maintaining and promoting financial stability - as well as the need to facilitate rescue and restructuring measures aimed at preventing systemically relevant financial institutions from failure, demonstrate how far authorities are willing to overlook certain competition policies. However increased government and central bank intervention also simultaneously trigger the usual concerns – which include moral hazard and the danger of serving as long term substitutes for market discipline. An interesting observation derives from the relationship between State aid grants, competition, and the potential to induce higher risk taking levels. Whilst the need to promote and maintain financial stability is paramount, safeguards need to be implemented and enforced to ensure that measures geared towards the aim of sustaining system stability (measures such as lender of last resort arrangements and State rescues) do not unduly distort competition as well as induce higher risk taking levels. This paper will draw attention to safeguards which have been provided by the Commission where approval is considered for the grant of State aid to financial institutions whose problems are attributable to inefficiencies, poor asset liability management or risky strategies. Whether the distinction drawn by the Commission – with regards to the preferential grant of recapitalisation packages to fundamentally sound banks (which require less restructuring measures)is justified, will also be considered. How far central banks and governments should intervene and how far distortions of competition should be permitted ultimately depends on how systemically relevant a financial institution is.