Relevant Educational Programs Research Articles

Evaluation of the Knowledge Levels of Dental Health of Parents of Primary School Students: Pilot Study

Amaç: Günümüzde diş çürükleri ve periodontal hastalıklar başta gelen halk sağlığı problemlerindendir. Çocuğun diş sağlığı davranışlarının geliştirilmesinde diş hekimine olduğu kadar aileye de görevler düşmektedir. Çalışmada ilköğretim okullarında (İÖO) eğitim gören öğrencilerin velilerinin diş sağlığına yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı olarak planlanan çalışma, gerekli yasal izinler sonrası, 01 - 30 Nisan 2014 tarihlerinde Sakarya Arifiye ilçesine bağlı ilkokullarda okuyan öğrencilerin velileri ile yapıldı. Araştırmacılar tarafından literatürden yararlanılarak oluşturulan 22 soruluk anket formunun, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden toplam 288 veli tarafından doldurulması istendi. Veriler SPSS 21 istatistik programında analiz edildi, p<0.05 anlamlı kabul edildi. Bulgular: Katılımcıların 268’i(%93.0) kadın, 20’si(%7) erkek olup yaş ortalaması 35.6 ± 8.5 (18-79) yıldı. Görüşülen velilerin 178’i(%61.8) ilköğretim, 60’ı(%20.8) ortaöğretim, 12’si(%4) önlisans, 38’i(%13.2) lisans mezunuydu. Diş fırçalama şekli sorulduğunda; 35’i(%12.1) sağa-sola fırçalama, 68’i(%23.6) yukarı-aşağı fırçalama, 180’i(%62.5) sağ sol, yukarı aşağı ve dairesel fırçalama yöntemleriyle dişlerini fırçalarken 5’i dişlerini nasıl fırçaladığını bilmiyordu. Diş bakımı için velilerden 215’i(%74.6) diş fırçası, 33’ü(%11.7) kürdan, 26’sı(%9.0) diş ipi, 5’i diğer yöntemler kullanırken 9’u hiç diş bakım materyali kullanmamaktaydı. Velilerin 7’si(%2.4) kendi diş eti sağlığını çok kötü, 37’si(%12.8) kötü, 121’i(%42.0) orta, 78’i(%27.0) iyi, 16’sı(%5.5) çok iyi olarak tanımlarken; 29’unun(%10.0) kendi diş eti sağlığı hakkında fikri yoktu. Diş eti kanamasının nedenine 108’i(%37.5) bilmiyorum cevabı verirken; 80’i(%27.7) diş eti çekilmesi, 87’si(%30.2) diş eti iltihaplanması, 13’ü(%4.5) sağlıklı diş etine bağlı olduğunu ifade etti. Diş eti plağını 103’ü(%35.7) bilmezken; 109’u(%37.8) diş yüzeyindeki taşlar, 51’i(%17.7) diş yüzeyindeki tabaka, 25’i(%8.6) diş yüzeyindeki renklenme olarak belirtti. Kalıcı dişler ne zaman çıkar sorusuna; 35’i(%12.1) 3 yaş, 159’si(%55.2) 6 yaş, 52’si(%17.0) 10 yaş, 37’si(%12.8) 12 yaş, 5’i bilmiyorum cevabını verdi. “Diş hekimi kontrolü neden önemlidir?” sorusuna 57’si(%19.7) erken teşhis, 145’i(%50.3) diş sağlığının korunması, 66’sı(%22.9) genel sağlığın korunması, 9’u(%3.0) ucuz ve kolay tedavi nedeni cevabını verirken 11’i konu hakkında fikri olmadığını ifade etti. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, ailelerin diş eti hastalıkları, diş plağı, kalıcı dişlerin çıkma süresi konularında yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadıkları görüldü. Oral hijyenin bilinmesi, sağlanması ve sürdürülmesi amacıyla velilerinde eğitim süreçlerine dahil edilmesi ve konuyla ilgili erişkin eğitim planlamaları ile bilgi düzeylerinin artması gerekliliği düşünülmüştür.

An Overview of Diversity

This paper is the first in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9217, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Culturally Diverse Advisory Boards and Volunteers

This paper is the fourth in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9220, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Maximizing The Assets of a Diverse Community

This paper is the ninth in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9225, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Personal Marketing: A Strategy for Marketing Programs to Diverse Audiences

This paper is the sixth in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9222, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Relationship Marketing: A Strategy for Marketing Programs to Diverse Audiences

This paper is the eighth in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9224, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date Septmeber 2005.

Reaching Diverse Audiences

This paper is the second in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9218, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Culturally Competent Extension Educators

This paper is the third in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9219, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Enhancing Instruction to Connect with Diverse Audiences

This paper is the tenth in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9226, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Ethnic Marketing: A Strategy for Marketing Programs to Diverse Audience

This paper is the seventh in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9223, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Planning Programs to Break Down Cultural Barriers

This paper is the fifth in a series of articles on planning programs to effectively outreach to diverse audiences. This series will include specialized papers on enhancing cultural competence, recruiting diverse volunteers, planning culturally appropriate marketing strategies, and other topics that are integral to the design and implementation of culturally relevant Extension education programs. This document is FCS9221, one of a series of the Family Youth and Community Sciences Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Original publication date September 2005.

Awareness of breast cancer risk factors and practice of breast self - examination among female students in Medical Faculty, Udayana University, Bali

Background: Breast cancer patients generally have low rates of survival rates due to late-stage diagnosis as patients usually present at and late stage because of lack of awareness and ignorance of risk factors.Methods: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the knowledge of risk factor for breast cancers and the practice of breast self-examination among female students in medical faculty at Udayana University. A cross sectional study conducted over a period of one month. 100 female students were volunteered to take part in the survey. The data were analyzed descriptively.Results: A half of the students have moderate knowledge of breast cancer risk factors, and the majority of the students do not practice breast self-examination monthly.Conclusions: It was suggested to students have more concern about relevant education programs that are having around them.Â

Методика проведення гімнастики для очей у процесі вивчення навчальної дисципліни "Безпека життєдіяльності в ІТ-сфері"

The article deals with the features of the method of conducting gymnastics for the eyes in the process of studying the discipline «Safety of life in the IT-sphere» in the conditions of the technical institution of higher education. The authors point out that the necessity of introducing certain types of motor activity in the educational process in the form of physical exercises, eye gymnastics today becomes of special urgency. After all, the problem of saving health, and especially the view of future professionals in the IT sphere, is relevant because they have been working on PC monitors for a long time, provide software for technical processes at enterprises, institutions, organizations, and therefore they get a lot of work on vision, musculoskeletal system, central nervous system, reproductive health. On the basis of the conducted research it is indicated that the formation of health-saving competence as a set of competencies regarding careful attitude to their health occurs during the educational process. In our opinion, this process is especially effective when mastering the basic educational disciplines provided for by the relevant educational program, in particular: «Security of life in the IT sphere», «Labor protection in the IT sphere», «Physical education», etc. In the process of studying the discipline «Security of life in the IT field», future engineers master the content of the discipline, study the working conditions in the workplace, protect health from harmful effects of factors that affect the vision, the reproductive system, the central nervous system, a motor vehicle that promotes the acquisition of knowledge not only about knowledge of the content content of such complexes, but also on the method of conducting classes with students of the academic group.

Psychological support for professional development of people with disabilities and special needs: An overview

The paper addresses some core problems pertaining to psychological support for professional development of disabled people and individuals with special needs as well as means of their resolution in Russia and abroad. Underscored is the need for relevant prophylactic, correctional and educational programs designed to: (1) provide assessment of adequacy of occupational choice; (2) promote effective professional education, training, and career building; (3) implement monitoring of professional adaptation and development of people with disabilities and special needs as the primary target population.

The Effect of InGDEP on Type 2 Diabetes Patients’ Knowledge and Self-Care

In the recent years, there is an increasing number of the diabetes incidence worldwide. Self-care is believed as one of key in chronic disease management. In order to increase the capability to self-care, diabetics patients need to be empowered with the knowledge and skills through an educational program. There were some existed diabetes educational programs, however for developing country such as Indonesia, there was a need to develop a culturally relevant diabetes education program. This study was aimed to identify feasibility and the effect of the Indonesian Group-based Diabetes Education Program (InGDEP) on knowledge and self-care behaviors among type 2 diabetic patients. This quasi experimental with one group pre-and post-test only design involved 62 diabetic patients and 16 health professionals who actively delivered the program in four community health centers (Puskesmas). Data were collected using Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) and Summary of Self Care Activities (SDSCA). Paired t-test used to analyze the effect of the InGDEP on the knowledge, self-care, and biometric measurement (HbA1c). The knowledge score for pre-test was 13.2+3.9 and post-test was 16.1±3.5, self-care activities score for pre-test was 3.31±1.10 and post-test was 3.99±1.27 and the HbA1C level was 10.56±2.32 The results showed there was the significant effect of InGDEP on diabetes patients’ knowledge, some changes in self-care and biometric measurements even though it was not significant. The program also can be accepted by the health professionals where there was a good team work in delivering the educational program. It can be recommended that the InGDEP has an effect in improving knowledge and self-care among diabetics’ patients, however since the effect on self-care and biometric changes was not significant, further research related to the factors that influence the self-care and biometric changes is needed.

Understanding biosecurity threat perceptions across Vietnamese smallholder farmers in Australia

The ongoing expansion of global trade and human mobility are causing increased occurrences of biosecurity outbreaks, particularly of invasive pests which threaten biodiversity and agricultural production. Smallholder farmers are particularly vulnerable, as they are generally not well-prepared for such incursions. In Australia, farmers with non-English speaking backgrounds are more likely to be influenced by these increasing risks and may need long-term adaptive support. Understanding farmers' perceptions of biosecurity threats, and what drives these perceptions, is a prerequisite for designing effective biosecurity management policies to support livelihoods and food security. In this study, we aim to understand the perceptions of smallholder farmers' on biosecurity threats and the factors influencing their perceptions. Data was obtained from a survey of 101 Vietnamese farmers across three geographically dispersed locations in Australia (Northern Territory, South Australia, and Western Australia). Using the Protection Motivation Theory, we found that 43% of farmers perceived biosecurity threats to be one of the key agricultural risks, preceded by weather-related risk (48%) and produce price fluctuations (45%). Belief in the existence of biosecurity threats and the sources of information on biosecurity matters had a significant positive influence on farmers' overall perceptions of biosecurity threats on four dimensions of their life. English levels had a significant influence on their perceptions of biosecurity threats on crop output whereas farm size, gender, and farmers' age did not significantly affect farmers' overall perceptions of biosecurity threats. The findings of this study could be used by government agencies and industry associations to better target support for farmers to minimise the threats of pest and disease incursions. Support could be delivered through the introduction of relevant extension services and education programs with more transparent and direct communications of risk and compliances, improving farmers' knowledge and belief in biosecurity and fostering trust between farmers and the government.

Cancer Screening in the Toronto Central LHIN by Sub-region and Neighbourhood: Evidence from an Applied Health Research Question (AHRQ)

IntroductionThe Toronto Central (TC) LHIN has aligned its vision with the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care and Cancer Care Ontario to prioritize participation in population-based cancer screening programs and to address screening inequities. This request was accepted by the ICES AHRQ review team to help impact policy and programs.
 Objectives and ApproachBy linking cancer screening data to geographic, provider and immigration databases, underlying contributors and barriers to cancer screening can be better understood and used to target interventions to specific groups and areas of the province. Thus, the purpose of this study was to: 1) determine the rates of cancer screening in the TC LHIN by sub-region and neighbourhood, and 2) determine how these differences vary by immigration status, primary care provider characteristics and neighbourhood income level. Using OHIP billing claims, screening for breast, cervical and colorectal cancer was identified between fiscal years 2013 to 2016.
 ResultsDuring the study period, 58.4% of eligible TC LHIN residents received a mammogram, 57.1% received a pap smear and 55.1% received colorectal cancer screening. Screening rates varied by Toronto neighbourhood: 48.4%–72.9%, 38.8%–70.1% and 42.7%–68.7% for mammograms, pap smears and colorectal cancer screening respectively. Residents who recently immigrated to Ontario received less cancer screening than non-immigrants; 51.8% of immigrant women eligible for cervical cancer screening received a pap smear compared to 60.4% of non-immigrant women in the TC LHIN East region. Not having a female physician (54.3% vs 68.6%), lacking comprehensive care (55.6% vs 62.5%), having a foreign trained physician (56.6% vs 64.7\%) and living in a lower income neighbourhood (51.6%-62.5%) were other factors associated with lower rates of cancer screening.
 Conclusion/ImplicationsCancer screening rates vary according to neighbourhood, and certain groups may be vulnerable to inadequate screening. These findings will help to address cancer screening disparities due to structural barriers, and will help in the delivery of culturally appropriate and relevant cancer screening educational packages and outreach programs in Toronto.

Theoretical and practical issues concerning young children’s citizenship education: The program “Learn, Care and Act about my City”

Young children’s citizenship is a newly constructed concept that elaborates on the placement of children in the civic sphere while it may provide theoretical guidance for relevant educational programs. However, there are restrictions in the way proposed models of citizenship are understood with reference to young children and used to guide pedagogical practices. Moreover, gaps in teachers training and lack of explicit goals and guidance in curricula have resulted in the restricted implementation of targeted programs in the preschool setting and with questionable results concerning children’s active participation. The paper discusses the issue of young children’s citizenship in light of social pedagogical considerations, analyzing an integrated model of citizenship within five-stage children’s participation and agency. Then the design and implementation of the program “Learn, Care and Act about my City” is described. This program was chosen as it incorporates the aforementioned theoretical considerations. It was developed using collaborative action research in 4 kindergarten schools in Northern Greece. 9 kindergarten teachers and 97 children participated in the program which lasted almost 8 months. It consisted of 4 basic thematic units, designed by the coordinator of the program and critical friend, in collaboration with the participating teachers and following several cycles of observation, reflection and redesign of the activities using formative evaluation. Concluding the issue of teachers guidance and professional development along with the dynamics of children’s participation in their civic identity formation are discussed.

Latinos Living Well—A Diabetes Education Program for Rural-Residing Latinos

Diabetes is a health issue for many Latinos. Extension can help provide diabetes self-management education for rural-residing Latinos. In a pilot study, we evaluated the Extension-delivered diabetes program Latinos Living Well (LLW), as provided to 76 rural-residing Latino adults in a midwestern state. LLW consists of four weekly lessons that include hands-on activities and cooking practicums. Participants completed diabetes self-management, self-efficacy, and knowledge questionnaires; significant (p ≤ .05) changes from before to after the program were detected for each outcome measure. Additionally, participants viewed LLW favorably. Results suggest that LLW is an effective, culturally relevant diabetes self-management education program for Latinos and is appropriate for Extension delivery.

Ocho Pasos a la Buena Salud (Eight Steps to Better Health)—A Diabetes Education Program for Low-Literacy Latinos With or at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)

Ocho Pasos (Eight Steps) is a culturally relevant diabetes education program designed for low-income, low literacy Latino adults. The main focus is to improve health for those challenged with multiple socio-economic barriers. Classes are taught in Spanish over 8 weeks in a community setting. Diabetes-friendly diet modifications, compatible with culturally appropriate food traditions (e.g., reducing Tortilla consumption), are emphasized. Education, covering T2D risk factors, self-monitoring, stress management, and physical activity, is delivered using images, food models, and visual and tactile teaching aids. HBA1C [A1C Now® (PTS Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN)], BMI, and waist circumference (WC), are measured at first and last classes. Between July 2015- Dec 2017, 478 adults were enrolled with complete pre- and post-class data available for 127 [77% women]. Of these 38 had HBA1C ≥6.5%, 43 between 5.7-6.4%, and 46 <5.7% at entry. For those with initial HBA1C≥6.5%, this decreased 0.74% [p<0.01]. For those between 5.7-6.4%, HBA1C fell 0.13% vs. entry, [p<0.05]. BMI decreased from 30.7±6.2 to 30.2±6.1 kg.m2 (p<0.01) and WC from 39.5±5.5 to 38.6±5.1 in, [p<0.01]. Daily average Tortilla consumption decreased from 5.1±2.7 to 2.4±2.7 tortillas/day [p<0.01]. Participants who decreased daily tortilla consumption showed a significant reduction in their HBA1C (p<0.05), and 52% also reported more exercise after attending. Participants with HBA1C ≥6.5% had the greatest class attendance; 55% attended >5 classes. Ocho Pasos a la Buena Salud is an effective diabetes education program for Latinos who face serious health care challenges for achieving optimal glycemic control or prevention of T2D. Disclosure J. Creason: None. M.M. Conneely: None. C. Axelrod: None. W.C. Bevier: None. J. Swartzentruber: None. D. Kerr: Advisory Panel; Self; Glooko, Inc.. Research Support; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Sanofi-Aventis. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Cellnovo. Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc..