Related Physical Properties Research Articles

Comparative study of the structural, mechanical, electronic, optical and thermodynamic properties of superconducting disilicide YT2Si2 (T=Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir) by DFT simulation

DFT simulation-based ab-initio approach has been executed for examining the relative physical properties of superconducting disilicide materials YT2Si2 (T = Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir). This is the first comparative theoretical investigation of these materials, which is done through Cambridge Serial Total Energy Package module. Extremely good relation has been observed between the synthesized and calculated structural parameters of all the superconductors. Mechanical structural stability of all the phases has been confirmed from the investigated elastic stiffness parameter. The phonon dispersion curve indicates that the YT2Si2 compounds with T = Co, Ni, Ru, and Ir are dynamically stable, but those with T = Rh and Pd are dynamically unstable. The investigated elastic moduli show good agreement with previously calculated data where available. Also, the fundamental polycrystalline features such as bulk modulus, shear modulus, Young's modulus, Pugh's and Poison's ratios, ductile/brittle nature and hardness of superconducting YT2Si2 (T = Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir) have been examined. Ductile nature of YRh2Si2, YPd2Si2 and brittle nature of YCo2Si2, YNi2Si2, and YIr2Si2 have been observed from analyzing of polycrystalline elastic parameters where YRu2Si2 lies on the border line of ductile/brittle nature. The high bulk modulus, Young's modulus, and hardness of YIr2Si2 ensured that this phase has high ability to resist volume and plastic deformation and suitable in industrial applications. On the other hand, the small Young's modulus of YPd2Si2 ensured its application as a thermal barrier coating (TBC) material. Metallic nature of YT2Si2 (T = Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir) has been confirmed from the band structure and DOS calculations. Mulliken atomic populations and charge density map reveal the existing of covalent and ionic bond inYT2Si2 (T = Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir). Different optical features like dielectric function, refractive index, photo conductivity, reflectivity, absorption and loss function of YT2Si2 (T = Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir) have been executed through CASTEP code directly. The elevated reflectivity in the UV energy site of these phases ensured their application as good solar reflector in this energy site. Furthermore, the thermodynamic properties of superconducting YT2Si2 (T = Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir) have been determined from the elastic stiffness constants. The high conductivity of YCo2Si2 is ensured from its high Debye and melting temperature. The minimum thermal conductivity of YPd2Si2 ensured that it is suitable to use as a thermal barrier coating (TBC) material.

Subsurface Li Monolayer on Cu(111) Surfaces for Upgrading Ethanol to n-Butanol: A Computational Study

Butanol is a highly desirable fuel and fuel additive due to its closely related physical properties to gasoline. The Guerbet upgrade of ethanol to n-butanol is one of the most important processes in a bio-refinery. Herein, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to examine the upgrading of ethanol to n-butanol over the periodic Cu(111) and alkali metal (Li and Na)-incorporated periodic Cu(111) surface nanocatalysts. The Li-subsurface Cu(111) structure [Li@Cu(111)] is found to be the most stable structure among the considered catalysts, and thus the Li@Cu(111) structure is considered for the mechanistic investigation of upgrading of ethanol to n-butanol. All the possible mechanistic pathways have been probed, and the most plausible reaction mechanism has been determined. The predicted excellent activity can be attributed to the significant charge transfer from the Li to the Cu surface, which in turn improves the adsorption of important intermediates through an oxygen atom. This study contributes to the rational design of high-performance metal catalysts and clearly explains the importance of subsurface chemistry in heterogeneous catalysis.

Juice Powders from Rosehip (Rosa canina L.): Physical, Chemical, and Antiglycation Properties.

Fruits from rosehip (Rosa canina L.) are gaining popularity due to their content and profile of bioactive components. Rosehip is distinct for its antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties. However, the abundance of these bioactives led to a tart taste, resulting in its consumption mainly in processed form. Due to microbiological safety, pasteurization is the preferred way of processing, which affects the chemical properties of the juice. A promising approach to improve acceptability of rosehip's physical properties, while preserving its bioactive compounds and adding health-promoting benefits, is to enrich the rosehip juice with functional carriers before drying. The influence of the carrier type (maltodextrin, inulin, trehalose, palatinose) and drying technique (spray- and freeze-drying) on the physical, chemical, and antioxidant properties of pasteurized, and non-pasteurized juice powders was examined in this study. In addition, the ability of powders with functional carriers to inhibit protein glycation was evaluated. Spray drying led to products with improved physical properties in relation to freeze-drying. The addition of carrier substances significantly influenced the antioxidant capacity determined by TEAC ABTS and FRAP methods, whereby the application of inulin and palatinose retained antioxidant capacity better than the frequently used maltodextrin. Moreover, rosehip juice powders showed a promising ability to inhibit protein glycation.

Enhancement of Wood Coating Properties by Adding Silica Sol to UV-Curable Waterborne Acrylics

In recent years, with the development of the coating industry and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the modification of waterborne wood coatings has become the focus of research. Generally, the system composed of silica sol modification and UV curing can make up for the defects of poor mechanical properties, low hardness, and slow curing speeds of waterborne wood coatings. Herein, we used silica sol-reinforced UV-curable waterborne acrylic wood coatings and tested the related physical properties of the coatings. FT-IR analysis showed that the Si-O-Si bond appeared, indicating that the silica sol was successfully grafted onto the waterborne acrylic molecular chain. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the UV-curable waterborne acrylic wood coating film reached their optimum when the content of silica sol was 1 wt%, the number of UV lamps was 3, and the drying time was 20 min. The corresponding values for wear resistance, hardness, adhesion, and impact strength were 0.106 g (high level), grade 3, and 90 kg·cm, respectively. However, when the content of silica sol is greater than 1 wt%, the related physical properties of the coatings will decrease. The results showed that the gloss of the coating decreased with increasing silica sol content. When the silica sol content was 2 wt%–6 wt%, the coating showed a matte gloss. This present work shows that the modification process is simple, controlled, inexpensive, and meets the demand for UV-curable waterborne acrylic wood coatings in daily life.

Electric-field-mediated morpho-dynamic evolution in drop–drop coalescence phenomena in the inertio-capillary regime

When two drops collide, they may either exhibit complete coalescence or selectively generate secondary drops, depending on their relative sizes and physical properties, as dictated by a decisive interplay of the viscous, capillary, inertia and gravity effects. Electric field, however, is known to induce distinctive alterations in the topological evolution of the interfaces post-collision, by influencing a two-way nonlinear coupling between electro-mechanics and fluid flow as mediated by a topologically intriguing interfacial deformation. While prior studies primarily focused on the viscous-dominated regime of the resulting electro-coalescence dynamics, several non-intuitive features of the underlying morpho-dynamic evolution over the intertio-capillary regime have thus far remained unaddressed. In this study, we computationally investigate electrically modulated coalescence dynamics along with secondary drop formation mechanisms in the inertio-capillary regime, probing the interactions of two unequal-sized drops subjected to a uniform electric field. Our results bring out an explicit mapping between the observed topological evolution as a function of the respective initial sizes of the parent drops as well as their pertinent electro-physical property ratios. These findings establish electric-field-mediated exclusive controllability of the observed topological features, as well as the critical conditions leading to the transition from partial to complete coalescence phenomena. In a coalescence cascade, an electric field is further shown to orchestrate the numbers of successive stages of coalescence before complete collapse. However, an increase of the numbers of cascade stages with the electric field strength and parent droplet size ratio is non-perpetual, and the same is demonstrated to continue until only a threshold number of cascade stages is reached. These illustrations offer significant insights into leveraging the interplay of electrical, inertial and capillary-driven interactions for controllable drop manipulation via multi-drop interactions for a variety of applications ranging from chemical processing to emulsion technology.

Effect of a Substituent on the Properties of Salicylaldehyde Hydrazone Derivatives

The present study investigates the effect of the substitution of salicylaldehyde hydrazones at two selected positions, i.e., the para-position with regard to the proton-donating and proton-accepting centers forming the hydrogen bridge. A detailed analysis of structural data obtained by theoretical approaches and X-ray experiments, together with original resonance Hammett's constants, indicates that the strength of the intramolecular hydrogen bonding present in salicylaldehyde hydrazones can be selectively modulated by substitution of the parent molecular system with the chemical group of known π-electron-donating or -accepting properties. Our findings provide an insight into planning synthesis pathways for salicylaldehyde hydrazone species and predicting their result with regard to their H-bonding and related physical and chemical properties.

Laboratory experiments based on tip probe － Scanning probe detection and regulation of ferroelectric domains and their microscopic physical properties

<sec>Ferroelectric and multiferroic materials have gained significant attention due to their potential applications in investigating emergent cross-coupling phenomena among spin, charge, orbit, and lattice in correlated electron systems, as well as promising candidates for prospective applications in advanced industries, <i>e.g.</i> data memory/processing, sensors, actuators, and energy-relevant devices. The structure and dynamic characteristics of ferroelectric domains can significantly affect the physical properties and device functions of materials, such as electrical conductivity, photovoltaics, and magnetoelectric coupling, particularly, novel topological domains can bring many new physical properties. These make it possible to design materials and devices through domain engineering methods. Therefore, exploring the microdomain structures and related physical property is expected to bring new material and device solutions for post-Moore's era information technology.</sec><sec>Accurate understanding of domain structures and their corresponding functionalities pose challenges to characterization techniques. In particular, it remains challenging to investigate the dynamics and cross-coupling behaviors on a nanoscale <i>in situ</i>. Nowadays, it is worthwhile to pay more attention to the multifunctional scanning probe microscopy technique, as it serves as a versatile and powerful nanoscale probe capable of exploring multifunctionalities. Multi-field stimulation such as electric field, magnetic field, light illumination, strain field, and thermal field can be combined with the advanced scanning probe microscopy technique, making it an ideal platform for in-situ manipulation of domain structure and its related functional response on a nano-scale.</sec><sec>In this study, we give a brief overview on the recent advances in our research group in detection and manipulation of ferroelectric domains and microscopic physical properties through multifunctional scanning probe microscopy technique. Special attention is paid to those topological domain structures such as vortex, center domain state and bubble domain in size-confined systems (ultrathin films/multilayers and nanodots/nanoislands) and their associated novel physical phenomena. In addition, the controllability of electric field driven magnetic switching in multiferroic heterostructures is also studied through size effect, interfacial coupling and domain engineering. Finally, we present some suggestions for future directions. Most of these studies are conducted by using the tip probe, so it is named the “Laboratory experiments based on tip probe”.</sec>

Dynamic Modeling and Sensitivity Analysis for an MEA-Based CO2 Capture Absorber

The absorber is the key unit in the post-combustion monoethanolamine (MEA)-based carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture process. A rate-based dynamic model for the absorber is developed and validated using steady-state experimental data reported in open literature. Sensitivity analysis is performed with respect to important model parameters associated with the reaction, mass transport and physical property relationships. Then, a singular value decomposition (SVD)-based subspace parameter estimation method is proposed to improve the model accuracy. Finally, dynamic simulations are carried out to investigate the effects of the feed rate of lean MEA solution and the flue inlet conditions. Simulation results indicate that the established dynamic model can reasonably reflect the physical behavior of the absorber. Some new insights are gained from the simulation results.

The spatial dependence of base saturation on forest soil grain and chemical composition seen through individual and typological divisions

Soil base saturation is a physicochemical property used for classifying terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, we focused on a comparison of soil base saturation and spatially related soil physical and chemical properties between individual and typological forest divisions. The dependence of soil base saturation on physical and other chemical properties was obtained through geographically weighted regression. Both soil properties and regression characteristics were divided along soil regions and associations. The similarities of soil properties between individual and typological soil division systems were assessed through quantiles from spatial models by two-tailed t-tests and simple linear regressions. Independent variables characterized 26−91% of soil base saturation variance, with mean geographically weighted determination coefficients (R2) between soil regions varying from 0.40 to 0.86, and between soil associations from 0.55 to 0.83. Low significant (p < 0.5) differences in distributions of soil base saturation predominated in both individual and typological systems. Only loam content, P2O5 and pH showed unique regional effects on soil base saturation.

Chemical Structures, Properties, and Applications of Selected Crude Oil-Based and Bio-Based Polymers.

The growing perspective of running out of crude oil followed by increasing prices for all crude oil-based materials, e.g., crude oil-based polymers, which have a huge number of practical applications but are usually neither biodegradable nor environmentally friendly, has resulted in searching for their substitutes-namely, bio-based polymers. Currently, both these types of polymers are used in practice worldwide. Owing to the advantages and disadvantages occurring among plastics with different origin, in this current review data on selected popular crude oil-based and bio-based polymers has been collected in order to compare their practical applications resulting from their composition, chemical structure, and related physical and chemical properties. The main goal is to compare polymers in pairs, which have the same or similar practical applications, regardless of different origin and composition. It has been proven that many crude oil-based polymers can be effectively replaced by bio-based polymers without significant loss of properties that ensure practical applications. Additionally, biopolymers have higher potential than crude oil-based polymers in many modern applications. It is concluded that the future of polymers will belong to bio-based rather than crude oil-based polymers.

Atomic-size dependence of the cohesive energy, bandgap, Young's modulus, and Raman frequency in different MA2Z4: A bond relaxation investigation

Understanding the physical mechanism behind atomic-size dependence of the bandgap, phonon frequency, and mechanical strength in various monolayered MA2Z4 is of crucial importance for their electronic and photoelectronic applications. The density functional theory calculation results confirm that these physical quantities gradually decrease with the increasing periodicity of the atomic size (or radius) of the A or Z of MA2Z4. In order to clarify the common origin of the atomic-size dependence of these quantities, we establish these quantities as functions of bond length and bond energy by developing a bond relaxation theory approach. Theoretical reproduction of periodic trends confirms that bond expansion and energy weakening dominate their atomic-size dependence. The proposed approach is not only helpful to understand the physical origins of atomic-size dependence in different MA2Z4 monolayers but also can be extended to study the periodic trends of the related physical properties in other systems.

Extraction and Characterization of Antimicrobial surgical Suture from the bast of Tinospora Cordifolia

ABSTRACT Tinospora cordifolia, a climbing plant of south-east Asia, has been used as an Ayurveda for thousands years for its extraordinary medicinal properties. Two of its special properties are antimicrobial and anti-infection property. The objective of the study is to produce surgical suture from the bast of Tinospora cordifolia and evaluate the related chemical, physical and mechanical properties of that suture. In this work, the antimicrobial activity analysis by agar disc diffusion method, tensile strength analysis with digital single thread strength tester for both straight pull and knot pull, creep test, thread count by Beesley’s Balance, moisture analysis by Reynold & Branson rapid regain tester and surface roughness analysis by Homel roughness tester have been conducted. The Agar disc diffusion method indicates the thread contains antimicrobial properties, tensile strength is perfect for being used as a surgical suture with 38% reducing in knot pull than straight pull, fineness is also in the range where moisture content and regain is more than most of the natural fibers with higher roughness, lacking, suggesting a perfect natural surgical suture for Tex-medical applications.

Dispersive Spectra of Phonon Modes and Fröhlich Electron–Phonon Coupling Properties in AlGaN Quantum Rings: Wurzite versus Zinc‐Blende Structure

The influence of crystal structure on the phonon modes and electron–phonon coupling properties in nitride quantum ring (QR) structures is investigated based on the macroscopic dielectric continuum model. It is found that three types of phonon modes including the surface optical (SO) phonon modes, the exact confined (EC) modes, and quasiconfined (QC) modes can coexist in the wurtzite nitride QR. However, only the SO modes and EC modes may appear in zinc‐blende nitride QR, and the QC modes cannot exist in zinc‐blende QRs in general. Numerical calculation on AlN QR shows that the SO modes of zinc‐blende QR are more dispersive than those of wurtzite QR. Furthermore, the degenerative behavior of QC modes to SO modes in wurtzite QRs is clearly observed. Moreover, the electron–phonon coupling functions in zinc‐blende QRs are larger than those in wurtzite QRs. These results reveal that the crystal structures greatly affect not only the type of phonon mode, but also the coupling strength of electron–phonon interaction. The present theoretical scheme and the numerical results are quite useful and important for further understanding and investigating the polaronic effect and related physical properties in wurtzite and zinc‐blende nitride QRs.

The shape shapes the interfacial liquid-liquid mass transfer: CFD simulations for single spherical and ellipsoidal drops

A CFD model is presented to understand internal circulation vortices induced in spherical and ellipsoidal drops by an external flowing immiscible liquid and the ensuing effect on interfacial mass transfer. The model is validated with experimental data reported in literature for spherical drops. Validated model is used for detailed parametric analysis to understand the effects of relative velocity, droplet diameter and physical properties on Sherwood number. Resulting data are regressed to propose a correlation to estimate Sherwood number for spherical drops. Simulations for symmetrical ellipsoidal drops reveal the presence of secondary circulation vortex in some cases. The secondary circulation vortex is found to enhance Sherwood number significantly. The correlation for estimating Sherwood number for spherical drops is modified to propose correlations for symmetrical ellipsoidal drop with and without secondary circulation vortex. Finally, asymmetric ellipsoidal drops are also studied to understand the effect of shape on internal circulation pattern and Sherwood number.

Superconductivity information extraction from the literature: A new corpus and its evaluations

This paper describes a superconductivity corpus for materials informatics (SC-CoMIcs) tailored for the extraction of superconductive material information from the literature. Currently, few corpora exist for materials informatics in contrast to the situation for biomedical informatics. In particular, there is no sizable corpus that can be used to assist with the search for superconducting materials. The SC-CoMIcs consists of 1,000 abstracts with manually annotated named entities, main materials, and relations/events associated with superconductivity. In particular, the main material is a selling point of our corpus, which can be regarded as a hub that binds implicitly related physical entities and properties in abstracts. We conduct named entity recognition, main material identification, and relation/event extraction experiments to determine the effectiveness of the corpus. The experimental results show that we can obtain F1 scores of approximately 74%–95%, 84% and 73%–97% for named entity recognition, main material identification and relation extraction tasks, respectively. We also demonstrate that the extracted doping information is consistent with that of the well-known Hume–Rothery rules, which implies that the constructed corpus can provide an opportunity to revisit or find physical chemical rules from the literature.

Changes and relationships of viscoelastic and physical properties of Chinese yam during a novel multiphase microwave drying process

Changes in viscoelastic properties and physical qualities including rehydration ratio (RR), volume ratio (Vr), porosity and texture of Chinese yams during multiphase microwave drying (MMD) were studied and the intrinsic relationship between them was analyzed. Results showed that RR, Vr and porosity rose and then fell with drying time during MMD, with the endpoint of sublimation drying being the turning point. Scheme III with the highest microwave power (0.2 W/g) in sublimation drying resulted in the lowest RR, Vr and porosity but the highest hardness. The Maxwell model was well fitted to describe the viscoelastic behaviors of yams (R2 > 0.99). Enhanced stress relaxation behavior during sublimation drying was observed. In contrast, a decrease in stress decay but an increase in residual elasticity were found when MMD switched from sublimation drying to evaporation drying. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that relaxation modulus was significantly negatively correlated with RR (r = −0.981, p < 0.01) and porosity (r = −0.961), while positively correlated with hardness (r = 0.94, p < 0.05) and the brittleness (r = 0.96, p < 0.01). Principal component regression models between the viscoelastic indexes and physical features with high R2 (>0.9) values could explain their relationships well. These findings have implications for the production of high-quality products through controlling drying processes.

Yields and heavy metal uptake of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) and effects on soil properties of different tillage practices and application of burnt rice husk dust in Abakaliki, south-east Nigeria

ABSTRACT Indigenous crops play a critical role in the socioeconomic growth of developing nations where there have been calls for exploitation of these staple crops. This study investigated the yield and heavy metal uptake of cocoyam and changes in soil physical properties in relation to different tillage practices and the application of burnt rice husk dust (BRHD). The experiment was arranged as a split plot in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were: mound tillage (no BRHD); ridge tillage (no BRHD); mound + 10 t ha−1 BRHD; mound + 20 t ha−1 BRHD; ridge + 10 t ha−1 BRHD and ridge + 20 t ha−1 BRHD. The results showed that soil bulk density (at 45 days after planting, DAP) was lower when the tillage practices were combined with the amendment of burnt rice husk dust, while total porosity (at 45 DAP) and aggregate stability were higher. The yields of cocoyam corms were also higher for tillage practices combined with amendment with burnt rice husk dust. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) in the cocoyam corms were higher for plants grown in soil amended with BRHD, but the levels were still below the levels considered harmful in food crops. Burnt rice husk dust could be recommended for use as a soil amendment in the study area to improve soil properties and increase the production of cocoyam, without increasing the concentration of heavy metals in the corms to harmful levels.

Effects of sintering temperature and doped Al content on the microstructure and physical performances of AZO ceramics

In order to enhance the physical performances of aluminum-doped ZnO (AZO) ceramics, AZO powders with different doped Al concentrations were synthesized by in situ hydrothermal method, and the high density AZO ceramics were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) technologies. Effects of the sintering temperature and doped Al content on the relative density, crystal structure, composition and physical properties of AZO ceramic were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FSEM), fluorescence spectrophotometer, ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer (UV) and four-point probes. The results show that the nanoparticle AZO powders prepared by hydrothermal method were fine with uniform particle size. The relative density of AZO ceramic increases first and then decreases with the increase of sintering temperature. Accordingly, the resistivity decreases first and then increases. Enhancing the sintering temperature can improve the peak strength of photoluminescence (PL) but has little effect on its peak position. Meanwhile, the UV absorption peak first shifts to the red, then shifts to the blue and then slightly shifts to the red, resulting in the band gap width first narrates, then widens and then narrates. It should be noted that when the sintering temperature exceeds 1400 °C, the second phase ZnAl2O4 spinel can be formed, which will reduce the bulk density of the ceramic, and then weaken the resistivity and photoelectric properties of the material. Doped Al content has obvious effect on the electrical conductivity of AZO ceramics. With the increase of doped Al content from 1 wt. % to 3 wt. %, the resistivity decreases from 1.42 Ω٠m to 0.77Ω٠m. However, Al doping content only increased the peak strength of PL spectrum but did not change its peak position. When the doped Al content is 1 wt. % and SPS sintering temperature is 1300 °C, AZO ceramics have the excellent physical properties with the relative density of 96.2% and the resistivity of 1.42 Ω٠m.

Effects of Drainage on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yields of Lowland Rice—Wheat Rotation System in East China

The subtropical region of East China is characterized by abundant water and temperature resources conducive to crop cultivation, and large areas of lowland have been widely used for agricultural planting. The objectives of the study were to explore feasible methods of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction for rice–wheat rotation systems and to explain the mechanism underlying the effect of drainage on GHG reduction. Shallow ditch (SD) and deep ditch (DD) treatments in the wheat season were set up for drainage to control the paddy soil water content, with conventional non-ditching as the control group (CG). CH4 and N2O emission fluxes were continuously measured, and related soil physical and chemical properties were also measured in this study. The results showed that CH4 emissions from paddy soil accounted for most of the global warming potential (GWP) in the rice–wheat rotation system. Drainage led to a significant reduction in cumulative soil CH4 emissions during the rice and wheat seasons; however, the overall cumulative N2O flux increased significantly. The total GWP produced by SD and DD in the three years was reduced by 58.21% and 54.87%, respectively. The GHG emission intensity (GHGI) of SD and DD declined by 60.13% and 56.40%, respectively. The CH4 emission flux was significantly positively correlated with the 5 cm ground temperature but negatively correlated with the soil redox potential (soil Eh). The drainage decreased the soil water and soil organic matter contents and increased soil pH, which were the mechanisms that reduced the CH4 emissions. The drainage increased the soil nitrogen content, which is the main reason for regulating N2O. The findings indicate that SD and DD not only ensured a stable increase in production but also effectively reduced GHG emissions, and we recommend SD treatment for agricultural production.

Automatic Measurement of Nanoimage Based on Machine Vision and Powder Metallurgy Materials

The advantages of noncontact, high-efficiency, and fully automatic vision measurement technology make it widely used in industrial inspection and other fields. This study is based on the research of machine vision nanoimage automatic measurement and powder metallurgy materials. It aims to apply the machine vision imaging-related image processing technology principle to the automatic measurement of nanoimages and analyze the related properties of powder metallurgy materials and their image applications. This study mainly combines theory and practice to carry out experiments and data acquisition and analysis. On the one hand, it has a theoretical understanding of machine vision imaging principles and image segmentation; it also analyzes the properties and applications of powder metallurgy materials. On the other hand, on the basis of these theories, machine vision technology is fully applied to analyze the related physical properties such as the gap and density between tiny particles. Among them, the image measurement technology of moving targets is applied, and the model of the machine vision system is established. After a series of experimental verifications, the accuracy of the machine vision image measurements was fully guaranteed. The experimental results show that with the aid of machine vision technology, the accuracy of the observed data has been greatly increased; the maximum porosity of powder metallurgy materials has increased from 6.56 to 8.22; the maximum density has increased from 6.46 to 8.40. This demonstrates that automated image measurement based on machine vision technology can greatly improve the accuracy of measurements.