Relative Transparency Research Articles

Live blogs can’t handle the truth? A contemporary cross-cultural consideration of transparency and procedural justice

Reporting from trials using live blogs to continuously inform readers about courtroom events have rapidly become an established part of legal life and are often assumed to fulfill demands of open justice. However, a deep sociolegal understanding of how legal professionals perceive live blogs as affecting procedural justice is currently missing, as is a thick understanding of what transparency means to legal professionals. As more detailed knowledge on contemporary transparency will contribute to understanding the acceptance and resistance to open justice and specific reporting formats, this study focuses on the interlinking of legal professionals, transparency and live blogs. A qualitative cross-cultural approach finds that legal professionals consider Bentham’s tenets to be partially transformed, in particular regarding the original truth function. Rather than enabling truths, legal professionals perceive live blogs as a threat to truths. Nevertheless, live blogs are considered to provide good enough transparency in relation to specific jurisdictional contexts.

Workplace Trust's Moderating Effect on the Relationship between Authentic Leadership and Employee Commitment among Managers in Kenyan Public Financial Management Reforms Agencies

This paper addresses the moderating effect of workplace trust on the relationship between authentic leadership and employee commitment in agencies implementing public financial management reforms (PFMRs) in Kenya. Methodically, the study was guided by the positivism research philosophy. The study applied descriptive correlational research design because it reveals accurate information that allows for inferences through hypothesis testing. The population of the study was 747 managers from the Kenyan PFMR implementing agencies. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 260 managers for the study. Primary data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential analysis were employed for analysis. The Binary logit regression model was significant with Chi-square χ² (1) = 77.263, p<.001, and the model summary result shows the Nagelkerke R square of .859 (equivalent to R2 on the linear regression model). In a combined model with all the constructs for authentic leadership; the interaction of the Leader's Relational transparency as an independent variable was significant (β = 13.098, Wald = 6.410, p<.05) while the other constructs were not significant (p>.05). Similarly, the inclusion of workplace trusts as moderating variable shows the interaction with the Relational transparency as an independent variable (workplace trust*relational transparency) was significant (β = 4.235, Wald = 7.759, p<.05). In contrast, the other constructs were not significant (p>.05). This shows, in a combined model with specific constructs for the authentic leadership as the independent variable only relational transparency is significant and has significant interaction effect with the workplace trust as moderating variable in agencies implementing public financial management reforms in Kenya. From the empirical evidence and conclusion, the study recommends that the foundation of effective leadership is when leaders are perceived as having a high degree of trust and are believed to practice ethical behavior. Trust formation was explained, as well as how trust can be strengthened or lost through leadership behaviors.

Relationship between the Authentic Leadership and Big Personality Trait of Neuroticism: An Empirical Study

The scope of study that has been done on the significant personality impact of neuroticism on authentic leadership has been relatively minimal. Using a correlational method, this study aims to investigate the relationship between neuroticism's primary personality trait and authentic leadership's components (self-awareness, internalized moral perspective, balanced processing, and relational transparency). The authentic leadership questionnaire (ALQ) is used to examine leaders' personalities and authentic leadership styles. The results of this research showed that there is a negative correlation between neuroticism and all authentic leadership dimensions. This was the key takeaway from the study.

Okul Yöneticilerinin Otantik Liderlik Davranışlarının Cinsiyet Değişkenine Göre İncelenmesi: Bir Meta-Analiz Çalışması

This study aimed to examine the effect of gender on the authentic leadership behaviors of school administrators by using the meta-analysis method. In the research, 13 postgraduate theses, which were included in the database of the National Thesis Center system of the Council of Higher Education between 2013 and 2023, on the authentic leadership of school administrators and selected according to certain criteria, were used. The sample of the research consists of 6257 teachers and school administrators, 3652 female and 2605 male, obtained from postgraduate theses. As a result of the meta-analysis for the analysis of the data, the effect size of gender on the perceived authentic leadership behaviors of school administrators was calculated as -0.034. The effect sizes for relational transparency, internalized moral perspective, balanced processing, and self-awareness, which are the factors of authentic leadership, were found to be -0.054, -0.040, -0.023, and -0.051, respectively. According to the findings, the effect of gender on the perceived authentic leadership of school administrators is insignificant.

Authentic Leadership, Employee Work Engagement, Trust in the Leader, and Workplace Well-Being: A Moderated Mediation Model.

This study proposes a model based on social contagion theory to evaluate the impacts of authentic leadership on employee work engagement (WE) and trust in the leader (TL), integrating the mediating effect of TL and the moderating effect of workplace well-being (WW). Authentic leadership is disaggregated into its subscales: relational transparency (RT), internalized moral perspective (IMP), balanced processing (BP), and self-awareness (SA). Dubai hotel employees completed 476 surveys. Applying the bootstrapping technique, SmartPLS 4 software was utilized to test the hypotheses in a mediation model. The findings indicate (1) that three subscales of authentic leadership (RT, IMP, and BP) positively impact WE; (2) that RT, IMP, and SA positively impact TL; (3) that TL positively impacts WE; (4) that TL mediates the relationship between RT, IMP, SA, and WE; (5) and that WW moderates the relationship between RT, BP, and WE. Authentic leadership and its subscales are proven to be an excellent tool for achieving employee WE and TL. TL is crucial for effective hotel operation, as it impacts employee WE and acts as a mediator between three subscales of authentic leadership and WE. WW moderates the relationship between two authentic leadership subscales and WE but does not interact in the relationship between TL and WE. Both researchers and hotel managers can benefit from these new findings, which also provide a foundation on which to build future investigations.

Poverty and the Curse of Natural Resources in Indonesia

This study aims to determine how a country's abundant natural resource wealth can be utilised to bolster its economy and alleviate poverty. This study focuses on the use of natural resources to expedite development. This investigation makes use of a library-based qualitative research strategy. Data was gathered by conducting a Scopus search for natural resources-related journal articles using titles, keywords, and abstracts as metadata search references, and then analysing the results with the VOSviewer tool. We used VOSviewer to determine how many articles had been published on natural resources and discovered that a country's natural resources exceed its economic development. The purpose of utilising VOSviewer is to use it as a resource to conduct precise content analysis based on the researcher's name, publication year, researcher productivity, and natural resource research trends. This analysis was conducted for the purpose of examining the author's collaboration in the natural resources and poverty fields. The results indicate that natural resource-rich regions do not guarantee increased economic growth or reductions in poverty. Poverty in Indonesia is a complex issue, despite the fact that a number of developing nations have been successful in implementing improvements in national production and income and in reflecting the level of well-being among the country's population. The conclusion demonstrates that the resource curse in Indonesia is a result of poor resource management, which causes poverty. The influence of the resource curse on government social spending emphasises the significance of government accountability and transparency in relation to natural resource wealth.

Financial policy of the state in the system of economic development.

Relevance of the research topic. In the conditions of martial law, stricter requirements are put forward for the formation and implementation of the state's financial policy, transparency in financial relations. At the same time, the war provoked an increase in fiscal risks affecting the level of financial security of the country. The above conditions the implementation of a number of reforms in the financial sphere. The task of raising the quality level of the state's financial policy in the system of economic development and its tools became important. Formulation of the problem. The substantiation of directions for raising the quality level of the state's financial policy requires the use of a rational approach based on the duality of the tasks set before the state administration of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law: ensuring the proper level of financing of public expenditures and creating fundamental conditions for the support and recovery of the domestic economy. The development of provisions regarding the implementation of the financial policy of the state in the system of economic development will provide an opportunity to increase the degree of its adaptability to socio-economic processes. Analysis of recent research and publications. The problem of formation and implementation of the financial policy of the state in the system of economic development is quite widespread in scientific research. These are the works of famous domestic and foreign scientists: J. Keynes, P. Samuelson, J. Stiglitz, V. Tanzi, L. Lysiak, I. Lukianenko, A. Mazaraki, A. Nikitishyn, M. Pasichnyi, Yu. Radionov, I. Chugunov and others. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. The above-mentioned issues are actualized in connection with large-scale military operations on the territory of Ukraine, which lead to new extraordinary challenges for ensuring the country's financial security. Setting the task, the goal of the research. The tasks of the research are: to reveal the peculiarities of the implementation of financial policy in the system of economic development of the country in the conditions of martial law; carry out an analysis and assessment of the state finance system. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the strategic directions of financial policy in the system of economic development. Method or methodology of research. The article uses a set of scientific research methods: system approach, scientific abstraction, induction and deduction. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The features of financial policy implementation in the country's economic development system are revealed. The strategic directions of the financial policy of the state in the conditions of martial law are substantiated. Field of application of results. The results of the research can be used in the process of forming and implementing financial policy. Conclusions according to the article. Large-scale military operations in Ukraine pose threats to the provision of both the country's financial and national security in general: control over financial flows becomes more complicated, budget revenues decrease, etc. Modeling financial interrelationships, identifying their cause and effect, synergistic effects, should be the basis for raising the quality level of the state's financial policy in the system of economic development, restoring economic balance in the war and post-war periods.

STRATEGIC GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES IN THE BANI ENVIRONMENT

Recently, the foreign economic activity of enterprises has been characterized by a decrease in the volume of world trade, the introduction of trade restrictions and a change in the trade policy of countries. In an environment where retail businesses are forced to cease operations or close, especially after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, trading in the BANI environment provides an opportunity to increase revenue, attract new customers and stimulate a change in distribution channels. This determines the relevance of the analysis of the impact of the BANI era on world trade, and therefore on foreign economic activity. The article presents the results of the study of the foreign economic activity of enterprises in the BANI environment. The meaning of the acronym BANI is revealed, it is emphasized that one of the main factors in the emergence of the BANI era was the COVID-19 pandemic. It is emphasized that it is small enterprises, in particular in the field of foreign economic activity, that face the biggest problems in the current changing environment: they are more sensitive to changes and worse adapt to them, having fewer resources in their arsenal, and free capital that can be used for amelioration of the negative consequences of the BANI era, they are practically absent. The risks of foreign economic activity of small business entities in the BANI environment have been determined. A list of anti-crisis measures to overcome the negative impact of the BANI era on foreign economic activity is provided. The importance of innovative activity at small enterprises in the field of foreign economic activity for their adaptation in the BANI environment is emphasized. It is shown that one of the effective innovative approaches for enterprises of foreign economic activity in the BANI environment is the introduction of virtual entrepreneurship, since it is this, especially at the international level, that contributes to: 1) integration of the efforts of partner enterprises around a specific project, which is not able to be implemented by each individual enterprise; 2) expands the boundaries of a traditional enterprise and completely eliminates spatial barriers. It was emphasized that one of the priority tasks in the era of BANI is the development of an effective legal mechanism for ensuring the information security of subjects of foreign economic activity. The role of WTO agreements in ensuring the transparency of international trade relations in the BANI environment is outlined.

THE ROLE OF AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP IN ENHANCING ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT: EVIDENCE FROM EGYPT

The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of toxic leadership on organizational commitment from the point of view of employees in cement sector companies in Egypt. The study used a survey questionnaire. Respondents were 310, The descriptive analytical approach was applied. The study used regression analysis to determine the relationship between the independent variable on the dependent variables. The results of the regression analysis proved that authentic leadership dimensions (Self-awareness, Balanced Processing, Internalized Moral Perspective, and Relational Transparency) has a positive and significant effect on organizational commitment dimensions from the point of view of employees in cement sector companies

The Problem of Legal Protection of Intellectual Property Objects Created Using Digital Technologies

The article deals with the key problems of protection of intellectual property and the results of intellectual activity in the context of the rapid development of digital technologies. The key factor influencing the development of intellectual property rights in modern conditions is the transparency of relations in the digital environment, the absence of actual borders within the global digital space, the mixing of various branches of knowledge, science and technology.The author believes that rethinking the role of robots in public life poses the task of a humane approach to the legal regulation of the use of AI. Objectively, there is a need to resolve the issue of introducing responsibility for the action of AI, its legal justification and consolidation. The author also believes that the legal personality of AI will be built by analogy with the legal personality of legal entities, currently it is sufficient to amend the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. This, at the current stage of the application of artificial intelligence, will allow us to determine the basic principles and legal regulation of this sphere.

Authentic Leadership and its Impact on Supporting Strategic Intelligence

The practice of authentic leadership can serve as a free solution for organizations to achieve strategic intelligence in dynamic, important, rapidly changing markets in light of globalization and global competition. The study aimed to investigate the impact of authentic leadership with its dimensions (Self-Awareness, Balanced Processing, Ethical Perspective, and Relational Transparency), on strategic intelligence with its dimensions (Foresight, Systems Thinking, Future Vision, Partnership) at the Specialty Hospital in Amman-Jordan. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach; the study was conducted on a sample of 80 managers and supervisors in middle and operational management. The results of the study indicated that there are high levels of interest in the dimensions of authentic leadership and strategic intelligence by hospital managers. The results also showed that authentic leadership had a significant impact on strategic intelligence and its dimensions. The study recommended the administrative leaders in the Specialty Hospital to adopt authentic leadership behaviors, such as encouraging an honest and open environment with others, listening to and accepting the opinions of followers, exchanging information openly with them, and giving them the opportunity freely participate in their opinions and ideas in the decision-making process.

National Security Transparency and Relations with Minority Communities

National security and intelligence communities in democracies have traditionally not been very transparent, in general and specifically in their relations with minority communities. This goes against basic principles of democratic governance, but it is also counterproductive: the lack of transparency hinders these organizations’ ability to protect national security. This article argues that a broader, proactive definition of transparency should replace traditional perspectives to better support enhanced engagement with minority communities. Next, it explains that for its gains to be sustainable, transparency must be institutionalized into the everyday work of national security organizations. Yet enhancing transparency is easier said than done: while the gains tend to emerge in the longer term, risks emerge in the short term. The article concludes by recognizing that enhancing national security transparency in relations with minority communities, although necessary, is complex and time-consuming, a reality underestimated by some of its proponents in civil society.

The Green Asset Ratio (GAR): a new key performance indicator for credit institutions

The financial sector plays an important role in financing the green transformation. Various regulatory initiatives in the EU aim to improve transparency in relation to the sustainability of financial products and the sustainability of economic activities of non-financial and financial undertakings. For credit institutions, the Green Asset Ratio (GAR) has been established by the European regulatory authorities as a key performance indicator (KPI) for measuring the proportion of Taxonomy-aligned on-balance-sheet exposure in relation to the total assets. The breakdown of the total GAR by type of counterparty, environmental objective and type of asset provides in-depth information about the sustainability profile of a credit institution. This information, which has not been available to date, may also initiate discussions between management and shareholders or other stakeholders regarding the future sustainability strategy of credit institutions. This paper provides an overview of the regulatory background and the method of calculating the GAR along different dimensions. Finally, the potential benefits and limitations of the GAR are discussed.

Newman as a Critic of Modernity

ABSTRACT: In this essay I juxtapose Newman and Kierkegaard as two examples of 19th-century prophetic discourse diagnosing and lamenting what both take to be an evacuation of historical Christianity and its substitution by a rationalist counterfeit accommodated to the prestige of reason and its protocols. In both cases the unveiling of the counterfeit is not one feature among others, but definitional of both of their work from beginning to end. In both cases also it is not simply that they question a particular epistemological position, but uncover the ravages down to Christianity at a societal level by what is nothing less than a newly emergent social imaginary. Given the relative transparency of his discourse in Newman's case it is fairly easy to isolate some of the more basic features of this rationalist surrogate. These include the rejection of doctrine and tradition, the avoidance of any sense of divine otherness, and a depiction of human being as fundamentally twisted and stunted because of sin. In Kierkegaard's case the species of rationalism he calls out betrays his continental context. While Kierkegaard calls out the damage caused to Christianity by the infiltration of the scientific method, he is more exercised by the mode of speculative reason advanced by German Idealism in general and Hegel in particular. In contrast, Newman is troubled by the procedural mode of rationality that has come to be hegemonic and that is largely a Lockean inheritance. In addition to this formal correspondence, there are also substantive overlaps in terms of what aspects of Christianity need to be recovered. Given Kierkegaard's Lutheran backdrop it makes sense that he is not motivated as Newman is in recovering Christian doctrine and tradition. His focus is on recovery the total otherness of God who is received in fear and trembling by human beings doubly incapacitated, first by their creaturehood, second, by their sinfulness that goes all the way down.

Evaluation of the Suspended Particulate Matter Content in the Coastal Zone of the Northeastern Black Sea Based on Relative Transparency

Evaluation of the Suspended Particulate Matter Content in the Coastal Zone of the Northeastern Black Sea Based on Relative Transparency

Locating information systems in the freedom of information process

United States federal and state freedom of information (FOI) laws dictate how citizens may obtain access to government records and how records should be provided in response to requests. Yet, the information systems implicated in making and fulfilling FOI requests have received little attention in research. Given the ubiquity of information systems in government recordkeeping and increasingly, in citizen-government interaction, this is a marked oversight. This exploratory, mixed methods study adopts a sociomaterial lens to examine how information systems may be consequential for the outputs and outcomes of the FOI process. We draw on evidence from 132 requests submitted to a sample of municipal governments in two states and interviews with 15 municipal employees of the sampled governments to observe how material and human agency around information systems is reflected in the outputs of requests. Our findings highlight the variety and scope of information systems used in the FOI process and the prevalence of dedicated FOI portals. Stemming from these findings, we propose three contributions: first, the description of how information systems and material agency across the entirety of the FOI process shape its outputs and outcomes; second, the recognition of a customer service paradigm in relevant municipal work and information systems that shifts the primary object of interest from the record to the interaction; and third, an opportunity to conceptualize compliance and transparency in relation to their enactment in sociomaterial routines.

Authentic leadership at the Cleveland Clinic: psychological safety in the midst of crisis

ObjectivesThe goal of this research was to examine the leadership experiences of senior leaders at the Cleveland Clinic during the recent COVID-19 pandemic crisis. A secondary goal was to examine...

Pengaruh Transparansi, Akuntabilitas, Responsibilitas, Independensi, Dan Kewajaran Terhadap Kinerja Koperasi

Performance is very important to measure in order to achieve a company goal. In cooperatives, performance is measured in two aspects, namely financial performance and management performance. In the current study, it will discuss and explore the relationship formed between Transparency, Accountability, Responsibility, Independence and Fairness in relation to the performance of cooperatives in Tegalalang District. The sample in this study amounted to 198 employees, all of whom were cooperative employees in the Tegalalang District. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques with results showing that cooperative performance will increase when transparency, accountability, and responsibility increase. Fairness has no relationship to the level of performance of cooperatives in Tegalalang District.

Evaluation of Suspended Matter Content in the Coastal Zone of the Northeastern Part of the Black Sea by Relative Transparency

Based on the materials of 20 expeditions of the IO RAS conducted in various areas of the coastal zone of the Russian sector of the Black Sea in the period from 1999 to 2021, empirical equations the relationship between the relative transparency (depth of visibility of the white disk Zd) and the mass concentrations of the total suspended matter-SM and its mineral – SMM and organic – POM fractions (Csm, Csmm and Csom, respectively) were obtained. The values of Zd were recorded in the range from 0.1 to 21 m, the concentrations of SMM – from 0.11 to 104 mg/L, POM – from 0.09 to 2.0 mg/l and chlorophyll a (Ca) – from 0.03 to 4.4 mcg/l. The relative abundance of the POM in the suspension ranged from 1.1 to 48.7%. The estimation of the error in the calculations according to these equations is carried out. The coefficients of determination r2 = 0.85 (for lgCsm and lgCsmm ) and 0.72 ( for lg Csom). The influence of the concentration of POM – on the accuracy of the calculation of Csmm and the concentration of chlorophyll a on the accuracy of the calculation of Csom was revealed. It is concluded that it is possible to use empirical formulas related to the entire array to calculate the concentrations of these fractions of suspension in the entire studied water area. It is proposed to consider the method of estimating the content of suspension fractions based on the obtained empirical equations as a regional variant of the method of passive sounding of the upper layer of the sea using a white disk.

СКЛАДОВІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПУБЛІЧНОСТІ ТА ПРОЗОРОСТІ ФІНАНСІВ НА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОМУ РІВНІ

The article examines the issues of ensuring information transparency of financial relations at the level of local authorities. The purpose of the study is to analyze the existing methodological and methodical approaches to assessing the level of transparency of local finances and to determine the factors affecting the integral indicator of such an assessment. The relevance of assessing the publicity and transparency of financial relations at the local level, as a component of the mechanism for implementing the control function of finances, is substantiated. An analysis of the latest research and publications on this issue was carried out, which demonstrated the presence of significant interest on the part of Ukrainian scientists in the problem of transparency of local finances. The regulatory and legal prerequisites for the implementation of the principles of financial transparency, which contributed to the emergence of information portals and services that allow monitoring the state of formation and use of financial resources at the national and local levels, have been analyzed. The goal and main tasks of the implementation of the project "Transparency, financial health and competitiveness of municipalities" were considered, within the framework of which the portal "Transparency and financial health of 50 largest cities and 24 regions" was created. The methodological bases of the operation of this project at the stages of information collection, processing, and publication of the results have been determined. The composition and content of the system of indicators, which form integral assessments of the transparency levels of the regions of Ukraine and the 50 largest cities, were analyzed. It was determined that the components of their information policy and the openness of the budgeting procedure have the greatest contribution to ensuring the transparency of the regions. A comparative analysis of the level of transparency of the Sumy region and the cities of the Slobojan region was carried out. The method of determining the transparency rating of TransparentCities, which was developed by the public organization "Transparency International Ukraine", was considered. Based on the research materials, relevant conclusions were drawn and their future prospects were outlined.