Relational Processes Research Articles

Morphometric measurements of anterior clinoid process in relation to parasellar osseous structures and their clinical significance

This study is to analyze the morphometry of anterior clinoid process (ACP) and the surrounding parasellar structures which is important for the surgeries related to cavernous sinus, ICA, and basilar artery. A cross-sectional study has been done on 77 adult human dry skulls among North Indian population. The length, width, thickness of ACP and distance between ACP to OS, distance between two ACPs, distance between PCPs, distance between ACP to PCP were measured using digital vernier caliper. The mean and standard deviation was calculated and paired t-test was applied for the comparison. The mean length and width and thickness of ACP was 8.72±0.94 mm, 8.13±1.16 mm and 1.10±0.44 mm on right and 8.57±0.91mm, 8.05±1.24 mm and 1.40±0.41mm on left side. The average distance between the ACP tip to OS and ACP and PCP tip was 6.01±1.11mm and 8.79±1.49mm on the right and 5.90±0.99mm and 8.47±1.49mm left side. The mean distance between the ACP tip and PCP tip was 20.10±2.36 mm and 12.63±2.03 mm respectively. We did not find any significant difference of morphometric parameters between the right and the left side. The anatomical knowledge of these structures and its variation will help surgeons to plan surgery around the parasellar region.

ASPECTS OF FORMATION OF CRITICAL THINKING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS IN THE PROCESS OF STUDYING PROFESSIONALLY ORIENTED DISCIPLINES

The ability to think critically is an important quality of the individual, but it is now, in the face of social and economic changes, that it becomes essential. Critical thinking is an integrative characteristic, since it involves the generalization, unification and development of a whole range of qualities, skills and socially important features that contribute to the comprehensive harmonious development of the personality.
 For a future teacher to succeed in his professional activity need, in particular: the ability to perceive new information, to comprehend it, to balance different points of view and to critically comprehend them, the ability to critically understand professional situations, objectively assess their capabilities. For him, criticality is therefore a vital quality that ensures the development of analytical and reflective abilities.
 Since critical thinking does not automatically arise as a by-product of learning, it is necessary to systematically work on its improvement.
 Development of critical thinking is a mandatory requirement to the results of the first (bachelor) level of higher education program of the subject specialty 014.04 Secondary Education (Mathematics) in the Poltava V. G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University in terms of formation of general and professional competence of the graduate.
 An important role in the synthesis of the student’s knowledge in the direction of his needs as a future teacher of mathematics belongs, in particular, to such professionally-oriented bachelor disciplines as «Methods of Teaching Mathematics», «Selected Questions of Methods of Teaching Mathematics», «Elementary Mathematics». In the process of teaching these disciplines, the development of critical thinking occurs in three aspects: sociocultural (through the organization of the educational process in relation to life and professional situations), technological (through the formation of sustained interest, motivation of educational activity, search for information aimed at solving the task, its awareness and reflection), methodical (through a set of methodical methods, providing assessment, self-control, criticism, forecasting). Practical and methodical tasks, which correspond to the areas identified in the research process, are a fundamental basis for the development of critical thinking as an important component of the professional competence of future highly qualified teachers of mathematics.

Attachment and Work Engagement in Virtual Teams: Promoting Collaborative Job Crafting

Researchers are increasingly interested in how employee relational processes affect virtual team outcomes. Applying attachment theory and the Job Demands–Resources model, we examined the relationship between employee attachment orientations and work engagement, and the mediating role of collaborative job crafting. In a three-wave longitudinal panel study of 1,178 employees in 225 virtual teams, autoregressive and multilevel structural equation modeling showed direct negative effects of (anxious and avoidant) attachment on work engagement. Indirectly, however, attachment positively influenced engagement, partially mediated by collaborative job crafting. Implications for attachment inclusive practices that support collaborative job crafting and work engagement are discussed.

Organizational Social Relations and Social Embedding: A Pluralistic Review

To date there has been little systematic organization of the extensive literature on the processes and mechanisms shaping social relationships in and around organizations. In an analysis of 372 studies from this literature, we identified a broad spectrum of assumptions, priorities, and relational issues emerging from multiple disciplines and theoretical lenses. Three dominant perspectives surfaced in our study: economic, organizational, and interactionist. Each manifests distinctive ontologies of social relations, actors, relational processes, and modes of social embedding. The rich variety of relationships and causal patterns discovered characterizes more fully these perspectives, suggesting opportunities for further research within each, and a wider range of conceptual options to target relational paradigms toward different types of organizations, problems, and levels of analysis. It also brings to light the pluralistic nature of social relations in organizational contexts and the processes by which they become embedded.

Grid of nows: sound recording and the problem of time

ABSTRACT This paper uses a collaborate sound and web design project as a beginning point for theorising sound recording and the problem of time. Inspired by the home soundscapes of COVID-19 lockdowns, the project asked volunteer recordists to record themselves preparing tea. The purpose of the project was to engage with a ritual in a way that elucidated its duration, as a means of resisting the quantification of time that dominated much of what life and bodies did during the earlier months of the pandemic. While the article does address the design and implementation of the project, it rests more on the problem of time that sound recording addresses, as a temporal, durational, relational, and communicative process.

‘What is the benefit of this project?’ Representation and participation in research on conflict-affected youth

ABSTRACT This article deploys the language, narratives and proposed solutions of research participants to conceptualise peace research as a representational and relational process of recognition. To do so, it draws from a multi-year research project on the economic livelihood and social integration strategies of conflict-affected youth in Liberia’s commercial motorcycling sector. Its starting point is reflexive engagement with participants’ own frequent question: ‘What is the benefit of this project?’ It advocates for participatory approaches to the time-spaces that ex-combatant and conflict-affected youth actually inhabit (rather than those scripted or desired for them by more traditional forms of peace research). It applies critical peace-building insights about time to contribute to conceptualisations of post-conflict ‘reintegration trajectories’ that question ideas about who builds peace, and how. It argues that participatory research brings issues of social stigma, objectification and marginalisation to the fore. And, it explores the methodological implications of participatory research, identifying the ways in which sited ethnography, relational interviewing and narrative approaches can centre research-as-recognition. Participatory approaches make peace researchable not just to collect lived experiences (treating research as transactional data collection) but to implement participants’ own ideas about peace-building strategies and solutions (treating peace research as relational recognition and something that is mutually beneficial).

A Study of Transitivity in the Sino-US Trade War Discourse from the Perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis — A Case Study of Center for Strategic and International Studies

From the perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis, this study analyzes the transitivity in American Think Tanks’ discourse in the Sino-US trade war. It uses Fairclough’s three-dimensional framework model as the theoretical framework and Halliday's theory of transitivity and Van Dijk's theory of Ideology Square as analytical tools. The corpus was selected from the experts’ comments on Sino-US trade war published on the official website of the Center for Strategic and International Studies from March 23, 2018 to March 24, 2019. Major findings are as follows: experts in CSIS use material (56.49%) and relational (26.62%) process most frequently, followed by mental (7.79%), existential (5.84%) and verbal (3.25%) process, with no behavioral process. Experts in CSIS use material process and relational process frequently in their comments, which indicates that they try to expound the measures taken by both sides in the Sino-US trade war and the impact of these measures on the development of Sino-US trade war.

Reading the Universe of Signs Well: Prospects for Partnering Theosemiotic with a Christian Semiotic Theology

Reading the Universe of Signs <i>Well</i>: Prospects for Partnering Theosemiotic with a Christian Semiotic Theology

Analysis of Latent Classes of Self-Directed Learning and Impact Variables in Middle and High School Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic

본 연구는 코로나19로 인해 등교수업과 원격수업이 함께 진행된 2020년 2학기에 중‧고등학생이 경험한 학습양상을 이해하기 위해 자기주도학습에 따라 학습유형을 구분하고, 이에 영향을 미친 변인을 탐색하였으며, 잠재집단 간 수업 태도, 자기효능감, 학업정서 변화의 차이를 비교하였다. 이를 위해 서울지역 중‧고등학생 783명을 대상으로 잠재프로파일분석과 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 중‧고등학생 모두 전체 학생 수의 반 이상을 차지하는 ‘자기주도학습 보통 집단’, 그 외 ‘자기주도학습 높은 집단’과 ‘자기주도학습 낮은 집단’의 3개의 잠재집단이 도출되었다. 둘째, 자기주도학습을 잘하는 집단일수록 중‧고등학생 모두 자기효능감과 수업 태도가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 더불어 고등학생의 경우 자기주도학습을 잘하는 학생에 비해 보통이나 낮은 집단에서 코로나19 이전보다 불안과 스트레스를 더 많이 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 집단 구분에 영향을 주는 변인으로는 중학생은 사교육, 자기효능감, 학부모지원, 디지털기기 활용능력이, 고등학생은 자기효능감과 학부모지원이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 코로나19로 인한 학습회복과 관련하여 교수‧학습과정에 초점을 맞춘 학생지원 프로그램 개발과 운영에 대한 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.In order to understand the learning patterns of middle and high school students in the second semester of 2020, when in-school and remote classes were conducted in tandem due to the COVID-19 situation, this study identified learning types according to self-directed learning, explored the predictive variables that affected them, and compared differences in class attitudes, self-efficacy, and academic emotions between groups. To this end, 783 middle and high school students in Seoul were subjected to latent profile and polynomial logistic regression analyses. The results are as follows. First, three latent classes were derived: an "average group for self-directed learning," which accounted for more than half of the number of students in both middle and high school; a "high group for self-directed learning"; and a "low group for self-directed learning." Second, the better the self-directed learning group, the better the self-efficacy and class attitude of both middle and high school students. In addition, high school students in the average or lower group felt more anxiety and stress than before the COVID-19 restrictions than did those students who were good at self-directed learning. Finally, it was found that the variables that impact latent class classification for middle school students were out-of-school classes, self-efficacy, parental support, and the ability to use digital devices, while for high school students, they were self-efficacy and parental support. These results could provide the basis for the development and operation of student support programs focused on the teaching and learning process in relation to learning recovery made necessary by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Efficacy of Brainspotting Therapy for the Treatment of Tantrum in Young Children

Tantrum appears mainly at the age of 2-4 years old. This behavior is also found in children past 4 years of age. Even though tantrum is the most common behavior problem in young children, they can also cause behavior issues in the future, such as; becoming withdrawn, violent, or having a verbal outbursts and antisocial behavior. In that case, psychological intervention is needed. This study uses a new approach of Brainspotting therapy to treat tantrums in young children. Bainspotting is a psychotherapeutic model that has been conceptualized as a brain and body-aware relational attunement process. Thus, the study's main objective is to determine whether Brainspotting is an effective alternative approach to address the issue of tantrums in young children. A study case of the qualitative method was applied, and data was collected by observing the progress of a 6 years old's child each session, interviewing and comparing assessment of present challenges of a child before and after 10 sessions. The result indicates that Brainspotting is effective as an alternative to reducing tantrums and developing emotional regulation in young children.

Exploring the Formation of Relational Collaboration among Competitors

Objective: This paper aims to explore how a relational collaboration process is formed among bag and suitcase craftsmen in an Industrial Village in Indonesia. Design/Methods/Approach: The study is a qualitative case study formulated from nine informants interviewed with different roles, from the initiators, actors, and community leaders to local government agencies. Information collected is analyzed using the Gioia method with the three stages of analysis: concepts, themes, and dimensions. Findings: Different from previous research, which stated that three perspectives of the interaction form of the dynamics of business competition, namely rivalry, competitive-cooperation, and relational, can only be manifested mutual-exclusively according to a certain cultural context, this study finds that those perspectives can be manifested as an evolutionary stage. which we label as "relational-collaboration. “Collaboration is an inseparable process following dynamic changes and adjusting the challenges and opportunities in each competitive interaction change. The changing evolution processes begin from rivalry competition to competitive cooperation and turn again into relational collaboration. Rivalry interaction through price wars has had a negative impact on all craftsmen and even on their social environment. The emergence of an awareness of the price-war impact made a small number of craftsmen initiate to work together through the formation of a cooperative to support their capital business. Although initially, only a few craftsmen became members, the commitment of the initiator members led other craftsmen to join in. This process continues to grow until the formation of relational collaboration among craftsmen in response to orders in large quantities within and outside the country. Originality: Limited study found to discuss how relational collaboration is formed, especially those focusing on the business cluster. This study expects to fill the gap by exploring the empirical aspect of forming relational collaboration among competitors.

Embodying Memory: Intersections Between Sri Lankan Performance Art and Prosthetic Memory

In positing that memories acquired through visual media can impact subjectivity and alter worldview, prosthetic memory relies on an individual’s ability to build connections with the experiences of another. As an art form that foregrounds the body and relies on visuality to develop spectatorship as an affective, relational process, performance art lends itself to being analysed as a means of prosthetic memory. This article engages with three performances by the Sri Lankan performance artist Bandu Manamperi to address the interpretive intersection of the two fields, drawing on Memory Studies, Performance Studies and the Kristevan abject. Analysing interview data and photographic documentation of the performances, I explore how the affective links built through performance contribute to the creation of empathetic, relational understandings of the performing body, especially when the body presents as a violated or abject entity, and how space and cultural memory frame performance and guide viewing. I conclude that as a visceral signifier and carrier of personal memory in performance art, the body interacts with audiences’ experiential archives to impact subjectivity and influence worldview, thereby suggesting that analysing performance art reinforces and extends the tenets of Landsberg’s theories and that prosthetic memory merits further scholarship in relation to the visual arts.

Commoning the governance: a review of literature and the integration of power

The concept of commoning is continuing to gain scholarly interest, with multiple definitions and interpretations across different research communities. In this article, we define commoning as the actions by groups with shared interests towards creating shared social and relational processes as the basis of governance strategy. Perhaps it can be more simply defined as collective ways of relating and governing. This article addresses two specific gaps in the commoning literature: (1) to bridge disparate strands of literature on commoning by briefly reviewing each and arguing for integration through epistemic pluralism, and (2) to explicitly examine how power is manifest in commoning processes by bringing in a framework on power (i.e., power over, power with, power to, power within) to understand the links between power and commoning governance processes in two case studies. The two cases are tourism governance on Gili Trawangan, Indonesia and aquatic food production systems in Bulacan, Philippines. We preface this analysis with the argument that power is an integral part of the commoning concept, but that it has yet to be analytically integrated to applications of the broader institutional analysis and development framework or within the networks of action situations approach. We argue that by making explicit how an analysis of power can be coupled to a network of action situations analysis in a qualitative way, we are advancing a key feature of the commoning concept, which we introduce as rooted in epistemic and analytical pluralism in the analysis of governance. In the discussion, we expand on how each case study reveals each of the four power dynamics, and how they improve the understanding of commoning as a pluralistic and perhaps bridging analytical concept.

TRANSITIVITY ON OPRAH WINFREY’S SPEECH AT GENERAL LECTURE OF UNIVERSITIES GRADUATIONS

This descriptive qualitative research deals with the types of Transitivity Process on Oprah Winfrey’s Speech. The objectives of this study are to find out: the types of Transitivity Process occurred in Oprah Winfrey’s speech; the dominant type of process found in Book of Titus and; the reasons of why one process is dominantly used in Book of Titus. The data of this study were Oprah Winfrey’s speeches which are delivered to universities graduation of five universities such as University of Duke, Harvard, Howard, Standford, and Wellesly. There were 2502 clauses of the total clauses in her five speeches. The findings showed that there were six types of process occurred, Material Process (28.25%), Mental Process (20.94%), Behavioral Process (7.43%), Relational Process (33.13%), Verbal Process (8.79%), and Existential Process (1.43%). Relational Process is the process which is dominantly used in Oprah Winfrey’s speech. It could be implied that the clauses in Oprah Winfrey’s speech mostly related to giving some encouragements to the universities graduations through personal potential and through experience of moving forward in facing the hardship of life.

Remapping onward migration through the trajectories of Colombian parents in London

Abstract Onward migration is generally defined as the process whereby people leave the country of origin, settle in a second country, and then migrate to a third country when circumstances change. This study advances the conceptualisation of onward migration by exploring the trajectories of 51 Colombian parents who settled in Spain in the early 2000s and then onward migrated to London after the 2008 crisis through the lens of relationality and mobility. Drawing from life history interviews, this article identifies five types of onward migration trajectories resulting from the interplay between structural and relational factors such as family obligations, gender roles, loving and conflictual relationships. For some parents, (1) onward migration unfolded linearly as they could move directly from Spain to London without significant factors constraining their move. For others, (2) onward migration was delayed by experiences of immobility. (3) Onward migration was achieved in a stepwise fashion when parents or their family members had to move to other countries to acquire the capital needed to onward migrate or to facilitate their family’s onward migration. (4) Some underwent multiple onward migrations before finding a desirable alternative to Spain. Finally, (5) in other cases onward migration followed other types of international mobilities when these did not bring about the desired outcomes. Ultimately, this article proposes a conceptualisation of onward migration as an open-ended, relational process that may entail and be achieved through multiple international im/mobilities.

The secular/religious construction of neighbourhoods in Mandalay, Myanmar: Dhamma‐youns and wards

This article examines the entangled secular/religious construction of neighbourhoods in Mandalay as dynamic, people‐based and relational processes that are centred in dhamma‐youns (dhamma halls) which work within and across administrative ward boundaries. Cities in Myanmar have not followed the trajectories of urbanisation documented in the global North and its socio‐spatial relationships are inextricably bound to the Theravadin Buddhist lifeworld. This entanglement requires attention because international development aid promoted purely secular forms of urban governance between 2011 and 2021, and Buddhist morality remains salient after the February 2021 military coup d'état.

Construing Structure in Engineering Texts in the Framework of SFL

This paper deals with how a structure is construed in engineering texts. Hence, the purpose of this study is to investigate the realization of structure viewed from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). The method used in this study was a qualitative one. The data were obtained from two engineering textbooks functioning as references. Analyzing the data by applying SFL reveals that the structure is construed by relational process clauses, especially circumstantial relational clauses. The relational process belongs to attributive ones realized by various lexical verbs: support, assemble, attach, fasten, and bolt. Whereas, the circumstantial elements which represent Attribute semantically serves as Means and Place.

Engaging in narrative relations in everyday work on a geriatric ward: A qualitative study with healthcare professionals.

To explore healthcare professionals' experiences and reflections about narration in their everyday work. The need for integrated and people-centred healthcare for older adults has highlighted the relevance of narration in healthcare practice. Although theoretical foundations vary, different frameworks building on narration have been proposed for translating person-centredness philosophies into practice. However, to understand how theoretical knowledge on narration can be adopted into clinical work, we need to learn how healthcare staff understand narration from their experiential knowledge and practice. The research process followed guidelines from Constructivist Grounded Theory as described by Charmaz. The study adheres to the COREQ guidelines. Data collection entailed interprofessional focus groups discussions with healthcare staff (n=31). Vignettes depicting realistic scenarios were used to encourage participants to reflect on clinical practice. Data were analysed via a constant comparative method. One core theme arose from the analysis. The core theme showed how narration was a relational process that people engaged in to pursue and uphold several foundational qualities in healthcare practice presented in the following subthemes: preventing simplistic understandings of people and situations; supporting trustful relations; supporting continuity and coherence; and learning from coworkers. However, a minor theme raised awareness of narrative relations as a double-edged sword. By acknowledging the mutual and multifacetted nature of narration in everyday practice, this study shows how healthcare professionals' engagement in narrative relations may contribute to upholding several foundational qualities which resonate with philosophies of person-centredness in everyday healthcare practice. Recognition of both the advantages and possible risks embedded in narrative relations in healthcare practice emphasises the obligation to collectively reflect on the repercussions of narrative relations in any local context. Healthcare professionals contributed by sharing their experiential knowledge and reflections on narration in practice.

Beyond the Boundaries of the Self: Applying Relational Theory Towards an Understanding of the Teacher-Student Relationship as a Driver of Motivation in Foreign Language Learning

Previous research on the foreign language (FL) learner has yielded a rich body of knowledge on personality, individual differences, and conceptions of the self as a measure of motivation. While these contributions have greatly enriched our understanding of learner psychology, the current paper proposes an analytical framing of language learning based on relational theory, which positions human relationships with others as the main driver of the psyche and behavior. As human beings are relationally dependent from birth, according to this theory, the self can only be conceptualized in relation to others. Applied to language learning, this perspective shifts the focus from the attainment of knowledge as an individual, private endeavor, to a relational process in which students and teacher are interwoven perforce. As part of a larger study on student perceptions of teacher emotion, qualitative data were collected as case studies from eight adult learners and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results support the power of the teacher-student relationship to influence and motivate students both positively and negatively, affirming the notion of FL learning as a relational process in accordance with Gergen’s (2009) notion that relationships are not merely the self interacting with the other but a true confluence.

Decision-Making for Typical Pavement Structure Based on Life-Cycle Economic Evaluation and Key Performance Indicators

The economy and rationality of the typical structural scheme for asphalt pavement are directly related to the formation of its service target. Based on the original highway asphalt pavement structure in Jilin Province, the evaluation index system was established by the research of the literature, investigation and Delphi method, and the results of expert consultation were tested by indicators such as enthusiasm, authority and coordination. The Kendall coordination coefficient was 0.803, indicating a strong degree of evaluation consistency. Then, using the finite element method and pavement economic analysis method, the key parameters of pavement structure asphalt, pavement design performance and economy are calculated. Finally, the key indicators in the pavement design process are quantified by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and gray relational theory, the weight of each key indicator and the correlation degree of the pavement structure are calculated, and pavement structure 1 is determined to be the best solution. The results show that a decision model for typical structural types of asphalt pavement can be established by using an improved gray relational analytic hierarchy process. In this study, the decision-making model can quickly and conveniently determine the most suitable typical pavement structure, the selected structures are checked, and the calculation results meet the requirements of the specification. However, given the limited reference cases, the proposed pavement structure decision-making method needs to be verified and improved through more practical applications.