Related Experts Research Articles

National Blood Donation and Blood Saving Program in Hungary. Further steps are required to improve patient safety.

In the last decade, guidelines and trainings promoted haemostasis point-of-care tests, availability and application of factor products, while they led to a decrease in blood product consumption. The aim of this study is to examine protocols, conditions in terms of facilities, equipment, personnel of anaesthesia-intensive care units (A-ICU) to improve healthcare services and patient safety. In 2019, self-reported questionnaires were sent in e-mail to A-ICUs. Application of guidelines and local protocols, education, haemostasis diagnostic tools, availability of allogeneic transfusion products, stable factor and drug products for restoring haemostasis were evaluated. 49% of A-ICUs filled out 46 questionnaires. 91.3% applied guidelines, 43.5% had local protocols. The lack of haemostasis and Patient Blood Management (PBM) trainings was indicated by 6 and 17 A-ICUs, respectively. Applying MAITT guidelines decreased red blood cell concentrate (RBC), fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and thrombocyte consumption by 65.1%, 67.4% and 30.2%. The availability of laboratory and viscoelastic tests is limited except for blood count, INR, APTI, fibrinogen. Where viscoelastic tests were available, RBC 2.9, FFP 1.7, thrombocyte 2.5 times more physicians per A-ICU beds participated in haemostasis trainings. 32% of A-ICUs can provide the required amount of factor products in the case of massive bleeding. Haemostasis and PBM trainings improve the quality of healthcare services if necessary equipment, factor and haemostasis drug products are provided. In order to promote PBM programmes and to improve patient safety, rearrangement of service and financing structure is needed, which must be accompanied by consulting perioperative professionals, general practitioners, and other related experts. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(37): 1606-1616.

DNA debate. An online public engagement initiative

Abstract Because of personalized medicine and the need for massive data sharing, genomics is becoming everybody's business. There is a need to raise public awareness and to make citizens' voices heard on the ethical, legal, and societal issues (ELSI) in genomics. Therefore, Sciensano - the scientific Institute of Public Health in Belgium - organized an online public debate on the use of genomic information in health care, to produce recommendations based on citizens' values for health policymakers, related experts, and stakeholders. To launch this public debate, Sciensano created an interactive website with a discussion platform. We provided more than 75 high-schools with an educational package to help them organize the debate in classrooms, and organized an essay contest. We developed an online teaser test, based on 15 ethical dilemmas in genomics, and a short information video. The DNA debate was covered by national newspapers, television, and radio stations. In total, 1106 users voiced 1247 opinions on the website. Preliminary results from the qualitative analysis of these contributions show great diversity in societal norms and values surrounding genomics. The general interest for the DNA debate indicates that citizens realize that genomics can have a big impact on the organization of health care and that they are willing to contribute to the discussion about how genomic information should be governed in society. This DNA online debate shows that citizens can make meaningful contributions to a complex field like ELSI in genomics. Continued involvement of the public in the governance of genomic information in society is vital. It ensures that societal norms and values guide the technology and not the other way around. Key messages The online DNA debate raised public awareness and made citizens’ voices heard on the ethical, legal, and societal issues in genomics. Continued involvement of the public in the governance of genomic information in society is vital.

Evidence for normal novel object recognition abilities in developmental prosopagnosia.

The issue of the face specificity of recognition deficits in developmental prosopagnosia (DP) is fundamental to the organization of high-level visual memory and has been increasingly debated in recent years. Previous DP investigations have found some evidence of object recognition impairments, but have almost exclusively used familiar objects (e.g. cars), where performance may depend on acquired object-specific experience and related visual expertise. An object recognition test not influenced by experience could provide a better, less contaminated measure of DPs' object recognition abilities. To investigate this, in the current study we tested 30 DPs and 30 matched controls on a novel object memory test (NOMT Ziggerins) and the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT). DPs with severe impairment on the CFMT showed no differences in accuracy or reaction times compared with controls on the NOMT. We found similar results when comparing DPs with a larger sample of 274 web-based controls. Additional individual analyses demonstrated that the rate of object recognition impairment in DPs did not differ from the rate of impairment in either control group. Together, these results demonstrate unimpaired object recognition in DPs for a class of novel objects that serves as a powerful index for broader novel object recognition capacity.

Director Industry Expertise and Voluntary Corporate Disclosure

We examine if firms with directors with related industry expertise (DRIs), or directors that are supply chain partners, exhibit a greater propensity to forecast earnings, and improve the specificity and accuracy of forecasts. Using instrumental variables to mitigate endogeneity, we find that DRIs and supply chain partners possess unique insights which improve managerial forecasts especially when there is greater earnings uncertainty (innovations along the supply chain, poor performance, operating in volatile industries). We use director deaths as exogenous shocks to board composition and confirm results. Results indicate that DRIs play an informational role in enhancing voluntary disclosures and improving corporate transparency.

In-depth Approach to Korean Medical Institutions’ Overseas Expansion: Focusing on the Current Status of Medical Institutions’ Overseas Expansion and Expert Delphi Analysis

Purpose The purpose of this study is to find out which factors are necessary that Korean medical institutions find a larger market abroad. Design/Methodology/Approach This study conducted a Delphi survey with 15 experts including 11 hospital directors and related institution experts, who promoted overseas advancement of medical institutions. Also, this research confirmed the content validity ratio (CVR), convergence, and stability of variables, which were selected through previous related studies. Then, Delphi investigation was conducted. Findings Excluding 4 of the 29 variables selected through previous studies, the panel of experts agreed on 25 variables as a factor, which is necessary that Korean medical institutions find a larger market abroad. Research Implications There is insufficient research on Korea’s medical institution overseas expansion. With regarding the situation, this study presented current status data related to overseas entry into Korean medical institutions, and conducted research using Delphi method for experts.

Importance and role of CSR and stakeholder engagement strategy in polish companies in the context of activities of experts handling public relations

AbstractThe article provides an analysis of potential available in corporate social responsibility (CSR) in regard to other activities conducted by Polish public relations (PR) experts and professionals. Different outlooks on social responsibility and PR are also presented in this article, including stakeholder engagement, relationships and practical determinants between them, taking into account practical circumstances characteristic for Polish environment. The hypothesis presented in the article indicates that CSR projects are one of the elements of a wide offer of PR activities offered in Poland, but they do not lie in a specialisation of agencies and are underrated by PR advisors when it comes to their usefulness in image creation. This hypothesis is backed by three independent research projects realised in years 2016–2019, conducted on a group of 852 PR specialists in Poland, which represented different types of organisations. This article is based on in‐house research on PR sector in Poland. Research data was gathered by interview questionnaires using quantitative methodology.

Engaging doctoral students in networking opportunities: a relational approach to doctoral study

ABSTRACT Doctoral work is often characterised as lonely and isolating (Holbrook et al. 2014). This paper explores how collaboration with peers and other professionals supports the doctoral learning experience. The research study asks what networks doctoral students engage with and how their engagement in networks supports their studies. Semi-structured interviews were designed to get doctoral students to reflect on their social and cognitive practices. Examples were sought of doctoral students collaborating with peers and colleagues. These collaborations highlight the potential for creating networks where higher-level competences can develop from individual competences. In cultural-historical terms, the cultivation of relational expertise helps to develop relational agency (Edwards 2011). Working collaboratively requires effort from the students but also facilitation from the doctoral community. The findings consider the doctoral learning process as one that can be developed pedagogically by appropriating ideas around relational expertise and relational agency.

Expert consensus on prevention and treatment strategies for osteonecrosis of femoral head during the prevention and control of novel coronavirus pneumonia (2020)

Novel coronavirus pneumonia is a new type of respiratory infectious disease that has rapidly spread in many countries or regions around the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) named it "coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)". Glucocorticoids (GC) have certain application value in patients with COVID-19, but they need to be used with caution and strict indications and dosage. Application of large doses of GC can also cause osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH). On the basis of the latest literature and evidence-based medical evidence on the fight against COVID-19 epidemic and steroid ONFH diagnosis and treatment, the Bone Circulation and Osteonecrosis Professional Committee, Shockwave Medical Specialty Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association organized Chinese bone necrosis related experts to jointly write this consensus, focusing on the prevention strategy and the protective management measures in the ONFH diagnosis and treatment process during the prevention and control of COVID-19, which can provide reference for hospitals at all levels to carry out early prevention and treatment of ONFH.

Venturing with Caution: Insights into the Investment Strategy of Venture Capital Firms

The literature on portfolio diversification in venture capital contrasts industry specialization as a strategy that helps venture capital firms leverage accumulated industry expertise to diversification as strategy that spreads risk and allows venture capital firms to select riskier, higher-ceiling ventures within each industry. These strategies are generally treated as mutually exclusive and focus on firms' internal expertise. We introduce a social perspective to this literature to argue that firms at different positions in the inter-firm status hierarchy have varying strategic incentives for diversifying their portfolios and also to resolve the trade-off between diversification and specialization. For venture capital firms at the bottom of the status hierarchy, diversification provides a means to seek out riskier ventures that offsets accessing relatively worse equity positions within syndicated investments. For firms with moderate status, specialization provides a means to improve confidence in their credibility to manage investments successfully, improving their ability to gain better equity positions. Firms at the top of the status hierarchy leverage their social influence to coordinate closely related external expertise of syndicate co-investors when the diversify and spread their risk across industry categories while still leveraging specialized knowledge to manage ventures successfully. Analysis of investments made by venture capital firms from 1990 to 2018 reveals that firms low and high in the status hierarchy diversify their portfolios more than firms in the middle of the status hierarchy. When firms higher in the status hierarchy diversify their portfolios, their syndicated investments involving other co-investing firms reflect domain expertise more closely related to the venture company's industry category.

Measuring success: Explications and measurement scales of instructing information and adjusting information

Substantial research exists to study reputation management messages but far less research exists to consider instructing information and adjusting information during and after a crisis. This research seeks to build tools that assist in the study of base crisis responses. Using a literature review, 18 interviews with people with expertise in public relations, and an experiment with 286 participants recruited from mTurk, this research builds scales that assess the quality of instructing information and adjusting information given during a crisis. The resulting scales are found to be reliable and predict significant change in post-crisis reputation in an initial test. Potential uses of these scales for crisis communication scholars and public relations practitioners are discussed.

A Relational Approach to Landscape Stewardship: Towards a New Perspective for Multi-Actor Collaboration

Landscape stewardship is increasingly understood within the framing of complex social-ecological systems. To consider the implications of this, we focus on one of the key characteristics of complex social-ecological systems: they are relationally constituted, meaning that system characteristics emerge out of dynamic relations between system components. We focus on multi-actor collaboration as a key form of relationality in landscapes, seeking a more textured understanding of the social relations between landscape actors. We draw on a set of ‘gardening tools’ to analyse the boundary-crossing work of multi-actor collaboration. These tools comprise three key concepts: relational expertise, common knowledge, and relational agency. We apply the tools to two cases of landscape stewardship in South Africa: the Langkloof Region and the Tsitsa River catchment. These landscapes are characterised by economically, socio-culturally, and politically diverse groups of actors. Our analysis reveals that history and context strongly influence relational processes, that boundary-crossing work is indeed difficult, and that doing boundary-crossing work in smaller pockets within a landscape is helpful. The tools also helped to identify three key social-relational practices which lend a new perspective on boundary-crossing work: 1. belonging while differing, 2. growing together by interacting regularly and building common knowledge, and 3. learning and adapting together with humility and empathy.

An Expert System to Diagnose Spinal Disorders

Objective: Until now, traditional invasive approaches have been the only means being leveraged to diagnose spinal disorders. Traditional manual diagnostics require a high workload, and diagnostic errors are likely to occur due to the prolonged work of physicians. In this research, we develop an expert system based on a hybrid inference algorithm and comprehensive integrated knowledge for assisting the experts in the fast and high-quality diagnosis of spinal disorders. Methods: First, for each spinal anomaly, the accurate and integrated knowledge was acquired from related experts and resources. Second, based on probability distributions and dependencies between symptoms of each anomaly, a unique numerical value known as certainty effect value was assigned to each symptom. Third, a new hybrid inference algorithm was designed to obtain excellent performance, which was an incorporation of the Backward Chaining Inference and Theory of Uncertainty. Results: The proposed expert system was evaluated in two different phases, real-world samples, and medical records evaluation. Evaluations show that in terms of real-world samples analysis, the system achieved excellent accuracy. Application of the system on the sample with anomalies revealed the degree of severity of disorders and the risk of development of abnormalities in unhealthy and healthy patients. In the case of medical records analysis, our expert system proved to have promising performance, which was very close to those of experts. Conclusion: Evaluations suggest that the proposed expert system provides promising performance, helping specialists to validate the accuracy and integrity of their diagnosis. It can also serve as an intelligent educational software for medical students to gain familiarity with spinal disorder diagnosis process, and related symptoms.

INFORMATION REAL-TIME DELIVERY (IRTD) SYSTEM BASED INTERNET OF THING (IOT) IN FORWARDING INDUSTRY

Logistic sector, particularly in the container haulage industry, is dealing with million shipments of cargo every day, origin and destination, size, weight, content, and location are all tracked across the global delivery network. The container in and out at the port causes congestion and effectson truck late delivery. This issue resulted incontainer haulage invariably received lots of complaints by the customer concerning the cargo delay without the customer grasp precisely situation.The cargo delays happen caused by waiting time at the port terminal, customs clearance, road congestion, bad weather, the breakdown of truck and shortage of driver.Thus, this study seeks to explore the related issues towards further improvements on delays notification. The qualitative research was adopted in the study and data were collected from related expert participants in three different areas, namely haulage, forwarding agent and technology service provider. This research focuses on the current process of delivery notification status to the customer and redesigns a new model of information real-time delivery system based Internet of Thing (IoT) at the haulage industry. Furthermore, this research will determine the expected benefits of the IRTD system inthe haulage industry. This study is about the Information Real-Time Delivery Systems (IRTDS) through the Internet of Things (IoT) for real-time monitoring and updated delivery systems to the stakeholders. Business Process Re-engineeringemployed in this study to provide holistic guidance about a development model of IRTDSthrough the Internet of things as innovation in a haulage industry environment.

Learning competitive channel-wise attention in residual network with masked regularization and signal boosting

Image classification is an essential component of expert and intelligent systems. The accuracy and efficiency of image classification algorithms significantly affect the performance of related expert systems. Residual network (ResNet) shows strong superiority in image modeling. However, it has also been proved to be low-efficient. In this study, we proposed a novel channel-wise attention mechanism to alleviate the redundancy of ResNet. We introduce the identity mappings into the scope of channel relationship modeling. In this way, the identity mapping can join the optimized process of self-supplementary modeling. Besides, we present the masked regularization for squeezed signals and enhance the robustness of channel-relation encoding. Finally, we verify the performance of the proposed method. The experiments are carried out on the datasets CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, SVHN, and ImageNet. The proposed method effectively improves the performance of image classification-related expert systems. Moreover, our approach is hot-swappable, has broad applicability, so it has great practical significance for experts and intelligent systems.

Potential for epistemic injustice in evidence-based healthcare policy and guidance

The rapid development in healthcare technologies in recent years has resulted in the need for health services, whether publicly funded or insurance based, to identify means to maximise the benefits...

INТЕGRATIONAL CHARACTER OF RESEARCH. COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION.

Today, most research objects are complex objects, both from an engineering and technical point of view, and from the point of view of the integrated nature of the results of economic activity. Currently, an integrated approach to the study of objects of expertise is becoming increasingly relevant, which is interesting both in theoretical and methodological aspects, since it expands the possibilities of expert research, and its results increase the reliability of the evidence obtained [3]. When deciding on the appointment of a comprehensive examination, the investigator, prosecutor, investigator judge, the court shall determine which expert specialties are necessary for its conduct. The integration task solved with the help of a comprehensive expertise differs from the task of monoexpertise in the following: it is solved only by complexation knowledge of various specialties, its solution lies in the zone of the adjacent field of knowledge. It is at a higher level of generalized knowledge in comparison with the tasks of comprehensive expert specialties [4]. Complexity requires the presence of logical connections between conclusions, when the next conclusion logically follows from the previous one and depends on it. Moreover, the truth of the next conclusion should depend on the truth of the previous one [1]. Currently, some forensic examinations need to be considered as a transitional form from several monoexpertises, each of which is based on one expert specialty, to a more complex related field of knowledge and the related expert specialty based on it. The transition to higher-level monoexpertise is a way of developing related subject areas of expert knowledge and creating new types of expert specialties. The creation of this kind of scientific foundations and relevant expert specialties removes the problem of the procedural regulation of relations arising from the commission of a comprehensive examination. In the case of the appointment of such examinations to the investigator or the court, it is sufficient to know that such a category of expertise exists and what its capabilities are. The person of a comprehensive examination, along with a commission of experts, can also be a separate expert as a carrier of special knowledge, not only in one, but also in different, including related, fields of knowledge. The epistemological nature of complexity is preserved. The above allows you to separate the one-person comprehensive expertise from the commission comprehensive expertise.

Association between microRNA 25 expression in serum and lung cancer: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:This study aims to identify the association between microRNA 25 (mRNA 25) expression in serum and lung cancer (LC).Methods:This planned study will cover all eligible case-controlled studies that report association between mRNA 25 expression in serum and LC. It will include published studies from inception to the present in Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Science, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, VIP database, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure regardless language and geographical location. We will also search other sources, such as conference abstracts and reference lists of related known studies and experts in the domain consulted to avoid missing potential studies. Two contributors will independently examine and select studies, collect all necessary data, and judge study quality for all included studies. We will perform statistical analysis using RevMan V.5.3 software and Stata V.12.0 software.Results:This study will summarize current evidence to present first systematic review of research on the association between mRNA 25 expression in serum and LC.Conclusion:This study will present comprehensive evidence to determine whether mRNA 25 expression in serum is associated with LC, and will provide helpful evidence for the future studies.Systematic review registration:INPLASY202040056.

Shaping Perception: Designing for Participatory Facilitation of Collaborative Geometry

Geometris is a technologically enabled, body-scale, educational game, in which collaborating players recreate target polygons, prompted on a digital screen, by activating a set of sensors–vertices on a large physical mat interface. We report on an evaluation study that draws on theoretical frameworks from ecological dynamics, genetic epistemology, and socio-cultural semiotics. Micro-analysis of three adult–child groups at play implicates two design features supporting mediated development of geometry skills: (1) spatial distribution across two displays – the screen and the mat – poses cross-display figural mapping as a tactical problem whose perceptual solution constitutes the game’s learning objective; (2) a multi-sensor input interface – the mat’s ‘vertices’ – enables flexible divisions of group labor for scaffolding solution enactment. We put forth the construct of participatory facilitation – an emergent interaction pattern in groups with inter-personal differences in content-domain knowledge and sensorimotor co-ordination. We tentatively generalize principles for designing informal educational activity architecture that create opportunities for relative experts to enculturate content learning via participatory facilitation.

Contributors

Contributors

Industrial dynamics in the context of a region’s international competitiveness

This article attempts to explain the resilience and international competitiveness of a micro-region in Portugal, based on three intertwined levels – firm, industrial structure and region. The study covers the period 2006–2014 and is based upon a rich micro-level dataset of all firms established in Portugal. The findings reveal the dynamics of the industrial base of this region and how its enterprises managed to remain competitive over time, reinventing themselves through innovation and related diversification, conveying knowledge and expertise from incumbent businesses to new ones with higher value added. Proximity between firms played an important role in learning processes, and knowledge creation was promoted by shared knowledge. Competitiveness requires ongoing replacement of resources and rejuvenation of structures and institutions, turning regional capabilities into valuable assets.