Definite Rejection Research Articles

Exploring Sherry Simon’s views on translation through a postmodern lens

Abstract The present study takes a postmodern approach to Sherry Simon’s views on translation, aiming to uncover the extent to which her ideas in translation studies align with postmodern thought. To this end, the works of prominent postmodern thinkers including Lyotard, Baudrillard, Derrida, Cixous, Deleuze, Guattari, and Irigaray are examined. Their postmodern claims are listed and described as scenarios. Then, Simon’s views are compared with these scenarios in quest of commonalities. The results indicate that Simon’s views on gender are indeed postmodern. Her rejection of the conventional definition of fidelity reflects a postmodern stance as it rejects rigid binary opposites. Similarly, her rejection of hierarchical structures aligns with postmodern principles. Furthermore, her advocacy for dismantling absolutes in polarity can also be considered postmodern. Finally, her view on handling texts in translation to foreground female subjectivity qualifies as a postmodern approach.

Reading habits of student teachers studying at a distance-learning institution in South Africa

Background: South Africans are widely perceived as not being a reading nation. For many South African children, their first encounter with books and stories occurs when they formally enter the schooling system. This raises the question of how teachers understand their role as reading role models.Objectives: This article aims to investigate how pre-service teachers who are registered at an open distance learning institution evaluate their reading habits.Method: The study employed phenomenography as a research design. All students registered for the Children’s Literature module in 2023 were invited to participate in the study. The submissions of a formal forum discussion assessment of students who agreed to participate in the study were analysed and arranged in themes and codes using Atlas.ti.Results: The article shows that most students perceive themselves as readers, though for varied reasons. The findings suggest the rejection of a monolithic definition of a reader identity. Instead, the notion of categories of readers provides more valuable information for understanding reading behaviour and reader identities.Conclusion: This study confirmed that pre-service teachers are aware of the benefits of reading, though their actions to improve their reading ability, are inadequate.Contribution: Since pre-service teacher training is arguably an important opportunity for addressing the literacy crisis, the findings of this study emphasise the important role of teachers as reading role models.

LEVERAGING MBSE USAGE THROUGH MODEL CHECKERS

AbstractSystem modeling is an essential part of the systems engineering process, helping with the design, analysis, and communication of complex systems. The usage of modeling languages like SysML and UML has become increasingly prevalent in this domain. To ensure the “3C” of validation of these models (correctness, completeness and consistency), model checkers play an important aspect.This paper discusses the role of model checkers in the validation of system models, and their importance in adopting MBSE approach with a quick benefit to system engineers. Different possible implementations are presented including one based on an ontology able to take advantage of semantic analyses. Finally, in order to deal with the number of issues due to the complexity of our models, we suggest correcting them regarding the goal of the model and the project milestones. This last point implies the need of an issue acknowledgement feature making it possible to justify the temporary or definitive rejection of these issues.

Clinical Utility of the Molecular Microscope Diagnostic System in a Real-World Transplant Cohort: Moving Towards a New Paradigm.

To evaluate the clinical implications of adjunctive molecular gene expression analysis (MMDx ) of biopsy specimens in heart transplant (HT ) recipients with suspected rejection. Histopathological evaluation remains the standard method for rejection diagnosis in HT. However, the wide interobserver variability combined with a relatively common incidence of "biopsy-negative" rejection has raised concerns about the likelihood of false-negative results. MMDx, which uses gene expression to detect early signs of rejection, is a promising test to further refine the assessment of HT rejection. Single-center prospective study of 418 consecutive for-cause endomyocardial biopsies performed between November 2022 and May 2024. Each biopsy was graded based on histology and assessed for rejection patterns using MMDx. MMDx results were deemed positive if borderline or definitive rejection was present. The impact of MMDx results on clinical management was evaluated. Primary outcomes were 1-year survival and graft dysfunction following MMDx-guided clinical management. Secondary outcomes included changes in donor-specific antibodies, MMDx gene transcripts, and donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) levels. We analyzed 418 molecular samples from 237 unique patients. Histology identified rejection in 32 cases (7.7%), while MMDx identified rejection in 95 cases (22.7%). Notably, in 79 of the 95 cases where MMDx identified rejection, histology results were negative, with the majority of these cases being antibody-mediated rejection (62.1%). Samples with rejection on MMDx were more likely to show a combined elevation of dd-cfDNA and peripheral blood gene expression profiling than those with borderline or negative MMDx results (36.7% vs 28.0% vs 10.3%; p<0.001). MMDx results led to the implementation of specific antirejection protocols or changes in immunosuppression in 20.4% of cases, and in 73.4% of cases where histology was negative and MMDx showed rejection. 1-year survival was better in the positive MMDx group where clinical management was guided by MMDx results (87.0% vs 78.6%; log rank p=0.0017). In our cohort, MMDx results more frequently indicated rejection than histology, often leading to the initiation of antirejection treatment. Intervention guided by positive MMDx results was associated with improved outcomes.

Cardiac transplant rejection assessment with 18F-FDG PET-CT: initial single-centre experience for diagnosis and management

BackgroundRejection is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in heart transplant (HTx) recipients. Current methods for diagnosing rejection have limitations. Imaging methods to map the entire left ventricle and reliably identify potential sites of rejection is lacking. Animal studies suggest FDG PET-CT (FDG PET) could have potential application in human HTx recipients.MethodsBetween December 2020 and February 2022, all HTx recipients at Harefield Hospital, London, with definite or suspected rejection underwent FDG PET in addition to routine work-up.ResultsThirty HTx recipients (12 with definite and 18 with suspected rejection) underwent FDG PET scans. Overall, 12 of the 30 patients had FDG PET with increased myocardial avidity, of whom 2 died (17%). Eighteen patients of the 30 patients had FDG PET with no myocardial avidity and all are alive (100%, p = 0.15). All patients with definite rejection, scanned within 2 weeks of starting anti-rejection treatment, showed increased myocardial avidity. In 5 cases, FDG PET showed myocardial avidity beyond 6 weeks despite pulsed steroid treatment, suggesting unresolved myocardial rejection.ConclusionPreliminary findings suggest FDG PET may have a role in diagnosing cardiac transplant rejection. Future blinded studies are needed to help further validate this.

The European Foundation: A Stillborn Project in the Face of Belgian Proto- Federalism (1977-1987)

In 1977, the EC launched the project of a "European Foundation" in response to the impetus of the Tindemans Report. This project, which falls within a cultural action, quickly encountered a series of obstacles related to the participation of community institutions in a domain of competence not recognised by the treaties. After finding a European compromise, it were national problems that prevented a swift implementation of the project. Among them, the impact of state reforms and federalisation in Belgium played a role, as did the reluctance of the Dutch Senate, the latter ultimately preventing the realisation of the project after its definitive rejection in 1987. The combination of the role played by a few actors – particularly France, Denmark, the Netherlands, and the Commission – and the slow ratification process caused by domestic factors are behind a community failure that went almost unnoticed during a period of deepening European integration in the second half of the 1980s.

Sophie, Greta, Cuiyuan, and Feminist Desire

Sophie, Greta, Cuiyuan, and Feminist Desire

Apresentação: Biodiversidade (II)

A informação fóssil mostra que a diversidade em espécies aumentou paulatinamente desde a emergência da vida há cerca de 3.500 milhões de anos. O número de espécies de plantas terrestres progrediu num crescendo inexorável, pontualmente interrompido por catástrofes naturais, desde a sua evolução, algures nas margens de um curso de água doce no Carbónico Superior/Ordovícico inferior. Nunca coexistiram tantas espécies de seres vivos e de plantas no planeta Terra como no Holocénico (últimos 11.500 anos). Quer isto dizer que, em média, a taxa de especiação foi naturalmente superior à taxa de extinção, ainda que permeada por eventos catastróficos. Em ciência, os conceitos são mais ou menos consistentes, e as teorias e as hipóteses corroboradas (confirmadas) ou refutadas (eliminadas) com base na evidência observacional e/ou experimental. Cientistas e não cientistas são livres de propor explicações alternativas, porém, em ciência, ninguém escapa à tirania dos factos: quem desafia uma hipótese ou uma teoria tem de provar que os dados que as sustentam estão errados ou propor explanações alternativas plausíveis, que compreendam toda a evidência disponível. A rejeição em definitivo de uma teoria depende do escrupuloso cumprimento de uma destas duas condições. Numa época de relativização da evidência e da ciência e, em particular, da ciência da biodiversidade, é crucial ter presente que o formidável corpo de observações acumulado na última década mostra, de forma perentória, que o biota terrestre enfrenta uma nova extinção em massa, desta vez mediada por uma espécie invulgarmente sucedida: o homem.

ПРОБЛЕМА ГУМАНИЗМА: РОМАН Ч.Т. АЙТМАТОВА «КОГДА ПАДАЮТ ГОРЫ: (ВЕЧНАЯ НЕВЕСТА)»

The definite rejection of the contemporary vices, which is the writerly credo of C.T. Aitmatov, is clearly evident in his novel When the Mountains Fall (The Eternal Bride) . The view of the Kyrgyz writer is focused on an individual that has found himself in a new historical condition. The humanistic ideas are affirmed in the last novel of C.T. Aitmatov through a series of antitheses - good and evil, high and low, mountains and city, natural and social.

Aspekty ojcostwa Bożego w wybranych perykopach Mateuszowych

Ojciec opowiada się za ludźmi prostymi. Objawia im więź istniejącą między Nim a Synem i jednocześnie zakrywa ją przed pychą uczonych (11, 25–27). Ojciec powinien spotykać się z bojaźnią ze strony ludzi, ponieważ rozstrzyga o ostatecznym losie człowieka. Wzmianka o możliwości definitywnego odrzucenia przez Ojca zostaje złagodzona Jego troską i wiedzą o każdym szczególe życia człowieka (10, 28–31). Z faktu, że Bóg jest Ojcem, wynika powszechne braterstwo łączące uczniów, które nie ma nic wspólnego z jakąkolwiek formą zależności. Uczniowie są bowiem zależni jedynie od Ojca w niebie (23, 9).

The Necessity of Manuscript Rejection

The Necessity of Manuscript Rejection

Tabersî’nin Kıraatlerin Hüccetinde Kullandığı Delillerin İncelenmesi

Tabersî’nin Kıraatlerin Hüccetinde Kullandığı Delillerin İncelenmesi

Uwagi o podręczniku „Logika i argumentacja” Andrzeja Kisielewicza

Remarks on the handbook Logic and Argumentation by Andrzej KisielewiczThe paper contains some critical comments on Andrzej Kisielewicz’s handbook of critical thinking Logika i argumentacja. Praktyczny kurs krytycznego myślenia, Warszawa 2017. The comments generally refer to two main topics of the handbook: a the definite rejection of formal logic as a tool of critical thinking, and b the support for the so-called analysis of reasonable possibilities as an essential method of critical thinking. The paper shows that these topics are not suf ficiently clearand the support is not convincing enough.

Идея самодержавия (конец XIX – начало XX вв.)

This article is concerned with the concept of autocracy (samoderzhavie) in the version of the Russian intellectuals and higher bureaucrats in the late 19th – early 20th century. The research is based on the great variety of historical sources — both published and archival. It is emphasized that the Slavophile conception of autocracy calls for the dramatic change of the political regime, and for great institutional reforms. Actually, it camouflaged the oppositional intentions of the Russian elites who could not be sincere while claiming their political allegiance. It was a mock loyalty rhetoric. It meant the definitive rejection of the concept of the absolute monarchy that was an ideological core of the Russian statehood of that time. The followers of the Slavophile political vision criticized the institutions of Polizeistaat that — from their point of view — had no strong connection to the Russian culture. This way they approached the idea of the constitutional limitation of the Tzar’s power. They supposed that the state could not be the only actor in the Russian history. They insisted on the necessity of the strict frames of its activity. The Slavophile rhetoric was a significant part of Russian intellectual life — among both the dedicated Slavophiles and those who accepted the Slavophile rhetoric to hide their antigovernmental way of thinking. It was no secret for many high-ranking bureaucrats of that time who did not accept the Slavophile point of view and who were too far from the Slavophile rhetoric. Russian Emperor’s statements mainly were far from the Slavophile rhetoric, too. The canonic way of the understanding of autocracy belonged not to the Tzars, but to the Slavophile thinkers who worked in the editorial offices of Moscow newspapers and magazines, or in Saint-Petersburg Ministry offices. One more time it proves the political loneliness of the monarch power that could not expect any support even on the part of its officers — bureaucrats or courtiers.

The Story of Vermont Yankee: A Cautionary Tale of Judicial Review and Nuclear Waste

This Essay explores the puzzle of Vermont Yankee v. NRDC. Vermont Yankee stands as a definitive rejection of judicial efforts to control burgeoning informal rulemaking by adding to the procedural requirements contained in the Administrative Procedure Act. Yet judicial expansion of the APA's procedural requirements has continued apace, and the Court's simultaneous sanction of searching substantive scrutiny sits oddly with its excoriation of the D.C. Circuit for that court's perceived procedural excesses. To understand Vermont Yankee, the Essay puts the decision in its administrative and judicial context, exploring the case law and practical dilemmas facing administrators, advocates, and judges as the case unfolded. The Essay argues Vermont Yankee is very much a creature of its time, when dramatic expansions in congressionally-mandated regulation led to multiple political and institutional struggles - between advocates and agencies, between agencies and courts, and between the Supreme Court and the D.C. Circuit. But the cautionary tale of Vermont Yankee has broader significance and demonstrates the challenges facing judicial review in the modern administrative state.

Acute Rejection Phenotypes in the Current Era of Immunosuppression: A Single-Center Analysis.

BackgroundBesides ‘definitive rejection’, the Banff classification includes categories for ‘suspicious for rejection’ phenotypes. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and phenotypes of rejection episodes in 316 consecutive renal transplants from 2009 to 2014 grouped into patients without/with pretransplant HLA-DSA (ptDSAneg, n = 251; ptDSApos, n = 65).MethodsAll adequate indication (n = 125) and surveillance biopsies (n = 538) performed within the first year posttransplant were classified according to the current Banff criteria.Results‘Suspicious for rejection’ phenotypes were 3 times more common than ‘definitive rejection’ phenotypes in biopsies from ptDSAneg patients (35% vs 11%) and equally common in biopsies from ptDSApos patients (25% vs 27%). In both groups, ‘suspicious for rejection’ phenotypes were more frequent in surveillance than in indication biopsies (28% vs 16% in ptDSAneg patients, and 37% vs 29% in ptDSApos patients). ‘Borderline changes: ‘Suspicious' for acute T-cell mediated rejection’ (91%) were the dominant ‘suspicious for rejection’ phenotype in ptDSAneg patients, whereas ‘borderline changes’ (58%) and ‘suspicious for acute/active antibody-mediated rejection’ (42%) were equally frequent in biopsies from ptDSApos patients. Inclusion of ‘suspicious for rejection’ phenotypes increased the 1-year incidence of clinical (ptDSAneg patients: 18% vs 8%, P = 0.0005; ptDSApos patients: 24% vs 18%, P = 0.31) and (sub)clinical rejection (ptDSAneg patients: 59% vs 22%, P < 0.0001; ptDSApos patients: 68% vs 40%, P = 0.004).Conclusions‘Suspicious for rejection’ phenotypes are very common in the current era and outnumber the frequency of ‘definitive rejection’ within the first year posttransplant.

Science and Knowledge

This review article poses three questions, essentially based on the first two volumes of Histoire des sciences et des savoirs, a collective undertaking edited by Dominique Pestre. First, it considers the relationships between “science” and “knowledge.” Can a clear line be drawn between them? Or should “scientific” knowledge (with or without quotation marks) be considered a particular class of knowledge? And, if this is the case, must we define it according to a certain number of specific operations? Second, the article turns to the acceptance, criticism, or rejection of the traditional definition of the “scientific revolution,” dated to the seventeenth century and characterized by the mathematization of nature and the introduction of experimental practices. Should this be replaced by other perspectives, highlighting previous reconfigurations of fields of knowledge or the plurality of “revolutions”? Finally, the article considers the attention paid to connected histories of knowledge, which move away from Eurocentricism and introduce new actors. Recognizing these circulations does not however efface the asymmetry of exchanges, the stigmatization of indigenous knowledge, or the imperialistic imposition of Western science.

Thefts of icons

The paper first considers certain issues related to the Orthodox icons, and points out to their specific features that differentiate them in relation to any other religious picture. As a hallmark of Orthodox religion, icons represent the artistic expression of theology and service of the Church, whose nature and meaning were defined at the Seventh Ecumenical Council of Nicaea (787 A.D.). The paper also considers the conflict between iconoclasts and iconodules based on different interpretations of the Christological dogma, which ended in the rejection of iconoclasm and definition of the Byzantine concept of image. According to the words of Saint Basil the Great, the one who stands before an icon, worships it in a way that the honour paid to the icon passes to the archetype. The art of icon painting experienced its golden age in Russia in the period from XIV to XVI century, while in XVII century perception of icons underwent a change, when the difference between the icon as a liturgical object and secular image became smaller. This break with tradition was especially noticeable during the reign of Peter the Great and Catherine II, when in the Europeanized Russia iconography was replaced by salon style painting. The new interest of the Russian elite for iconography (emerged as a reaction to the official art) occurred at the end of XIX and early XX century, when the first private collections of icons were created. In this period, Russian icons began penetrating the world of Western culture, which was particularly facilitated by the Russian emigration from the Soviet Russia, as well as the exhibitions of Russian icons organized abroad. Over time, icons became highly demanded among collectors in the West. On the market, they received the commodity value (the same as any other work of art). After the collapse of the Soviet Union, about fifty criminal groups were active in Western Europe, which were involved in art crime. In Germany, the USA, Italy, Israel, France and Great Britain, antique shops specialized in antique Russian icons trade were opened. When their auction value began to rise, icons became object of interest of the Russian mafia. In the third part of the paper, the current situation in Russia, Cyprus and Serbia was analysed.

Corneal graft rejection 10 years after penetrating keratoplasty in the cornea donor study.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of donor and recipient factors on corneal allograft rejection and evaluate whether a rejection event was associated with graft failure. One thousand ninety subjects undergoing penetrating keratoplasty for a moderate risk condition (principally Fuchs dystrophy or pseudophakic corneal edema) were followed for up to 12 years. Associations of baseline recipient and donor factors with the occurrence of a rejection event were assessed in univariate and multivariate proportional hazards models. Among 651 eyes with a surviving graft at 5 years, the 10-year graft failure (±99% confidence interval) rates were 12% ± 4% among eyes with no rejection events in the first 5 years, 17% ± 12% in eyes with at least 1 probable, but no definite rejection event, and 22% ± 20% in eyes with at least 1 definite rejection event. The only baseline factor significantly associated with a higher risk of definite graft rejection was a preoperative history of glaucoma, particularly when previous glaucoma surgery had been performed and glaucoma medications were being used at the time of transplant (10-year incidence 35% ± 23% compared with 14% ± 4% in eyes with no history of glaucoma/intraocular pressure treatment, P = 0.008). Patients who experienced a definite rejection event frequently developed graft failure raising important questions as to how we might change acute and long-term corneal graft management. Multivariate analysis indicated that previous use of glaucoma medications and glaucoma filtering surgery was a significant risk factor related to a definite rejection event.

Relación de las drogas con las actitudes sexuales y vínculos de pareja. Un estudio cualitativo descriptivo-analítico en adolescentes mujeres de Lima

El estudio usa una metodología cualitativa . descriptiva - analítica, tiene por finalidad interpretarlos significados del riesgo sexual de las adoles¬centes de Lima que acuden a espacios de diversión dentro de un contexto donde hay alcohol y drogas. La muestra está compuesta por 64 adolescentes mujeres entre los 15 y 18 años. El crite¬rio de selección se basó en informantes clave. Se realizaron 8 grupos focales en una academia preuniversitaria del centro de Lima. La primera embriaguez se produciría al¬rededor de los 15 años. Los espacios son: el término del colegio(reuniones programadas), la fiesta de promoción, los quinceañeros y los paseos de promoción. Los amigos se constituyen en el grupo social donde se dan por primera vez el ofrecimiento y/o la disponibilidad para el consumo de la marihuana. La Pasta básica de cocaína (PBC) es la droga menos cercana a las adolescentes, estando su consumo relacionado con actitudes negativas y de rechazo definidas, a diferencia del éxtasis que se está extendiendo cada vez más hacia sectores más populares como el C y D, apartándose rápidamente de los sectores A y B donde inicialmente apareció. Coexisten dos discursos sobre la virginidad: uno el que considera que ésta debe cuidarse, y el otro que le resta valor; otorgando más relevancia a las cualidades personales en una relación. Sin embargo, las que coincidían con la primera posición manifestaban no saber que podría pasar con su virginidad en el futuro. La consecuencia de tener relaciones sexuales más temida por estas ado¬lescentes es el embarazo, antes que el VIH. Llama la atención que la mayoría de las adolescentes entrevistadas ha sufrido algún tipo de agresión sexual. Se encontró además que las relaciones de pareja se dan en un contexto de di¬versión y existirían tres tipos vínculos: los llamados "agarres", "vacilones" y enamorados.