Regulatory Subsystems Research Articles

Transformation Patterns of the Psyche’s Regulatory Subsystem in the Context of Digitalization

This study examines the impact of digitalization on the formation and development of the regulatory subsystem, which is a key component of the human psyche. The findings reveal that digitalization has a significant and complex influence on this subsystem, operating at two complementary levels: analytical and structural. The analytical level reflects a profound decrease in the development of the subsystem’s individual components, including essential regulatory processes and their associated qualities. This decline raises concerns about the capacity of individuals to effectively manage their cognitive and emotional resources in a digital context. In contrast, the structural level involves meaningful transformations in the organization, structuring, and integration of these components. These changes indicate a shift in how the regulatory subsystem operates, suggesting that digitalization is reshaping the very foundation of psychological regulation. As a result of this complex influence, a new phenomenon emerges, referred to as the syndrome of reduced personality regulation. This syndrome holds significant implications for overall personality development and regulatory potential, sharing similarities with previously identified syndromes of decreased cognition and metacognition. The structural transformations in the regulatory subsystem, influenced by digitalization, primarily manifest as changes in the degree of organization and integration, rather than qualitative alterations. The qualitative aspects remain invariant and resist the pervasive effects of digitalization, suggesting the subsystem’s resilience that may offer avenues for further exploration and intervention.

A study on the evaluation of competitiveness in the aviation logistics industry cluster in Zhengzhou

As the global economy continues to evolve, air transportation is increasingly seen as a crucial factor in enhancing regional competitiveness. In particular, aviation logistics industry clusters have emerged as a new driving force for regional economic development. In this context, the current study aims to evaluate the competitiveness of the aviation logistics industry cluster in Zhengzhou, China. To achieve this goal, the study employs the “GEM model” and constructs a GKA evaluation model using evaluation index data from 21 logistics node cities across China in 2021. The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method is used for empirical analysis of the data. The results of the study reveal that the competitiveness of Zhengzhou’s aviation logistics industry cluster is moderately low. This is primarily due to the weak competitiveness of its foundational and regulatory subsystems. Specifically, the study finds that Zhengzhou’s resources, facilities, markets, government, and industry aspects are all less competitive when compared to other cities in China. In order to enhance the competitiveness of Zhengzhou’s aviation logistics industry cluster, the study recommends that efforts be made to improve the competitiveness of key elements such as resources, facilities, markets, and government. In particular, the focus should be on elevating industry competitiveness, followed by the development of appropriate regulatory strategies. By doing so, the aviation logistics industry cluster in Zhengzhou would be better positioned to compete with other clusters within China and globally.

Legal Regulation of the Mechanism of Implementation of Public Social Expenditures in the Russian Federation

The paper is devoted to examination of the legal regulation of the mechanism of implementation of public social expenditures in the Russian Federation. It is determined that the mechanism under consideration constitutes a system that includes a number of elements that are grouped into certain subsystems, including the regulatory subsystem, the principles of legal regulation of public relations that develop in the process of spending in the social sphere, the material basis of spending in the social sphere, the legal basis of social spending that include budget allocations, expenditure and budgetary obligations of public legal education, types of social expenditures, an institutional subsystem that includes subjects of legal relations arising in the process of implementing social expenditures. The paper draws special attention to the issues of codification of social legislation. As noted in the paper, this legislation is very mobile — new acts can be adopted to support certain segments of the population that were not previously covered by social protection measures; existing regulatory legal acts can be canceled when necessary, they may be amended due to the revision of criteria for the provision of social support measures, etc. In this regard, it is substantiated that, despite the fragmented nature, social welfare legislation, due to the peculiarities of regulated public relations, currently does not need codification at the federal level.

The Formation of a Stable Political Governance: Structural-Functional and Morphological Analysis

The purpose of the article is to implement a systematic analysis of the factors of the formation of a stable system of political governance. To clarify the functions and structure of a stable political system, the characteristics of stability are highlighted, according to which the political system: has signs of legitimacy; is able to cope with the threat of illegitimate violence; supports the constitu-tional system; reproduces a model of behavior based on stability. Methodologically, the article is based on the works of classical and modern scientists (P. M. Khomyakov, M.A. Gaydes, I.B . Rodionov, A. A. Khomiakov). Makarycheva), devoted to the systematic analysis of political systems. The paper also uses morphological analysis, analysis of political efficiency, and in the final part — the method of state-management design. The author comes to the conclusion that the functions and structure of the modern political system should be considered from the point of view of the defini-tions of “political stability”, viewed through the prism of the absence of political threats, adaptive irremovability of political subjects and the balance of political forces. Political stability implies that the distribution of resources in society involves not only the institutional subsystem of the political system, but also the functional, regulatory and ideological subsystems. Morphological analysis demonstrates that a stable political system is characterized by a balanced interaction of subsystems, in which at least the institutional, regulatory and functional subsystems jointly determine the process of functioning and development of the political system. Stability is the basis and guarantee of po-litical development in the modern world, and stability is not contrary to innovative development or development in general. Both stability and development are the basic conditions for the development of a modern political system, methods of avoiding negative adaptation in the global environment. Stability is not synonymous with closeness — on the contrary, it implies horizontal and vertical mobility, a constitutional system, and a focus on maintaining the activity of political actors. At the same time, all these processes cannot be allowed to take their course and develop outside the political control of the vertical structures of power. Integrity as a system-wide property is an integral basis for the stability of the political system.

НАЦІОНАЛЬНА БЕЗПЕКА ЯК ДИНАМІЧНА СКЛАДОВА СТРАТЕГІЇ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ДЕРЖАВИ

У статті досліджено визначення та забезпечення національної безпеки України на сучасному етапі становлення держави як одного з векторів Стратегії сталого розвитку. На підставі здійснених досліджень зроблено висновки щодо визначення національної безпеки України та шляхів її забезпечення. За авторським підходом, національна безпека визначається як динамічна складова стратегічного розвитку держави, метою якої є забезпечення безпеки держави, бізнесу та громадян, захищеності інвестицій та приватної власності, забезпечення миру і захисту кордонів.

Interactive technologies during implementation of the olympic education into the student educational process

Interactive technologies during implementation of the olympic education into the student educational process

How data shape actor relations in artificial intelligence innovation systems: an empirical observation from China

Abstract With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), data are widely viewed as the “new oil”. However, data substantially differ from conventional resources in the sense that they are important not only for production but also for knowledge development and public policymaking. This article explores whether and how data reshape government–industry–university relations in the era of AI. Taking China’s AI innovation system as a case, this article investigates the dynamics of actor relations in the business subsystem, knowledge subsystem, and regulatory subsystem. The change of the fundamental input from physical resources to virtual data in AI innovation systems has significantly transformed the relations among industry, state, and academia, and digital platforms are playing an increasingly important role in business value creation, knowledge generation, and regulation formation due to their control of valuable data and frontier expertise in the context of uncertainty.

АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНО-ПЕНИТЕНЦИАРНОЕ ПРАВО КАК ФОРМИРУЮЩАЯСЯ ПОДОТРАСЛЬ УГОЛОВНО-ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРАВА

In the article, the author discusses the possibility of distinguishing within the framework of penal law a relatively separate regulatory subsystem, which is a set of legal norms regulating the execution of criminal penalties against convicted persons that are not related to isolation from society, and separating them into a new self-sufficient sub-branch of penal law. The study aims to understand the processes of differentiation and integration present in penal law, and to assess the prospects for the allocation of a new sub-branch in the matter of penal law - alternative penal law. The objectives of the study are to define the concept of alternative penal law and its place in the system of penal law; to analyze the system-forming factors in penal law; to identify the criteria for distinguishing general, subject-based and functional institutions within the framework of alternative penal law; to formulate proposals for improving the separate normative subsystem “alternative penal law” that affect the structure and content of the Penal Code of the Russian Federation. In the course of the research, general and specific methods of scientific cognition were used: dialectical, formal-logical, functional, system-structural, comparative-legal, as well as the method of legal modeling. The author presents arguments in favor of the separation of the norms of penal law that regulate the part of the subject of penal law. As a structure-forming factor that unites institutions in alternative penal law, the author notes the form of criminal liability implementation - criminal penalties that are not related to isolation from society. The author analyzes the institutions of the future general and special parts of alternative penal law, which emphasize the existing institutional insufficiency of penal law norms regulating the legal status of convicts serving criminal sentences that are not related to isolation from society. To assess the current state of the regulatory subsystem of alternative penal law and its ability to grow to a higher level, the following criteria are used: its own object and method of legal regulation; special subject-based composition of alternative penal relations; the presence of an autonomous leading goal; its own principles; complex intra-structural differentiation represented by homogeneous and single-order institutions of penal law; legislative isolation of the alternative penal sphere. The author formulates the conclusion that today only the rudiments of alternative penal law have been formed as an integral part of the system of the branch of penal law, a part that only claims the status of an emerging sub-branch.

КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ І ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ БЮДЖЕТНОГО МЕХАНІЗМУ РОЗВИТКУ МУНІЦИПАЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ

The article a scientific approach to determining the conceptual foundations of the formation and functioning of the budgetary mechanism for the development of municipal education. The author reveals the use of local budgets, which is characterized by instability of revenue sources. These problems are exacerbated by the introduction of local government reform and financial decentralization, which are due to the expansion of the rights of local governments and the improvement of their responsibilities for their own activities. The article investigates theoretical approaches to defining the essence of the concepts of "budget", "local budget", "budgetary mechanism". The role of local budgets in the current conditions of development of the budget system of Ukraine is clarified. It is established that local budgets occupy one of the central places in the economic and financial system of the state, and also play an important social role; local budgets are studied from the standpoint of their multifaceted and systematic nature. The author summarizes the interpretation of the budget mechanism, which are found in the scientific literature from different positions: as an objective economic category, as part of the financial mechanism, from a practical point of view, as the role of the budget mechanism in socio-economic development. Interpreting the budgetary mechanism, attention is focused on its impact on the development of territorial associations of the state and municipal education, in particular. It is proposed to understand the budgetary mechanism of municipal education as a set of specific forms, levers, instruments of budgetary relations, specific methods of mobilization and use of funds under the influence of operational, retrospective, regulatory subsystems ,that is the reality of the implementation of budgetary regional policy with the display of specific information, the assessment of budgetary structures to eliminate problems and the development of municipal education. .Effective model of budgetary mechanism of social and cultural development of municipal education is characterized. In the process of presenting the material, the concept of sustainable regional educational development is outlined, which should be based on the model of sustainable development of municipalities in the context of «economy-education-society».

Inference of Regulatory System for TAG Biosynthesis in Lipomyces starkeyi.

Improving the bioproduction ability of efficient host microorganisms is a central aim in bioengineering. To control biosynthesis in living cells, the regulatory system of the whole biosynthetic pathway should be clearly understood. In this study, we applied our network modeling method to infer the regulatory system for triacylglyceride (TAG) biosynthesis in Lipomyces starkeyi, using factor analyses and structural equation modeling to construct a regulatory network model. By factor analysis, we classified 89 TAG biosynthesis-related genes into nine groups, which were considered different regulatory sub-systems. We constructed two different types of regulatory models. One is the regulatory model for oil productivity, and the other is the whole regulatory model for TAG biosynthesis. From the inferred oil productivity regulatory model, the well characterized genes DGA1 and ACL1 were detected as regulatory factors. Furthermore, we also found unknown feedback controls in oil productivity regulation. These regulation models suggest that the regulatory factor induction targets should be selected carefully. Within the whole regulatory model of TAG biosynthesis, some genes were detected as not related to TAG biosynthesis regulation. Using network modeling, we reveal that the regulatory system is helpful for the new era of bioengineering.

A structural-functional model of regulatory subsystem of company's foreign trade activity tetrad

A structural-functional model of regulatory subsystem of company's foreign trade activity tetrad

POLITICAL SYSTEM OF SOCIETY IN A HYBRID WAR: THE DIRECTION OF TRANSFORMATION

POLITICAL SYSTEM OF SOCIETY IN A HYBRID WAR: THE DIRECTION OF TRANSFORMATION

Neuromediators and neuropeptides: the biomarkers for metabolic disturbances in obesity

The role of biogenic amines (serotonin, dopamine) and neuropeptides in regulation of energy homeostasis of the organism and their role as markers of metabolic disorders in obesity (Ob) in animal experimental models and in clinical observations is reviewed. The energy homeostasis of the body is controlled via competition of alternative regulatory mechanisms that are mainly localized in the hypothalamus (HT). At the level of aminergic regulation, these are the serotonin and dopamine systems; at the level of the peptidergic system, these are NPY/AgRP and POMC/CART-related peptides. Opioid and cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands closely linked to peptidergic and aminergic regulatory subsystems of the central nervous system ensure the connection between the «metabolic» regulation loop responding to a deficit or excess of energy substrates the «hedonistic» one associated with the body’s perception of pleasure from food consumption. The response of peptidergic and aminergic HT neurons to food and hormonal signals originating from the outside is based on the interaction between the corresponding ligands and G-protein-coupled receptors specific to them. Disruption or breakdown of the central mechanisms is considered to be one of the main pathogenetic factors of obesity and, simultaneously, the reason why reducing diet therapy proves inefficient or unstable. Partial permeability of the blood—brain barrier for neuropeptides makes them an attractive biomarker in the diagnosis of metabolic abnormalities in obese patients.

Supervision in the National Payment System

The article deals with the review of the legal regulation of supervision in the payment system. In the course of the study, the author analyzes the concept of national payment broadens its content, monitors interrelations between supervision in the payment system and banking supervision, examines the system of supervision in the payment system that includes the subject, objects, relations between these entities, a regulatory subsystem, purposes and principles of supervision. It concludes that the the Bank of Russia possesses a specific legal status in the payment system, which predetermines non-application of supervision provisions to the payment system of the Bank of Russia. The article also examines the forms of supervision in the payment system, and discloses the content of preliminary, ongoing and subsequent supervision. The author identifies and analyses the legal and organizational principles on the basis of which the Bank of Russia exercises supervision in the payment system.

WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIC PLANNING (WASTE MANAGEMENT IN JAYAPURA CITY)

Abstract: This study deals with urban waste management in general by considering key issues in waste management in Indonesia and various problem solving alternatives dealing with waste problem referring to waste management in developed countries (Curitiba). In addition, problems faced will be discussed with the systems approach including: institutional sub-system (sub-system of institutions), operational technique sub-system (sub-systems engineering), financial sub-system, legal and regulatory sub-system (law sub-system) as well as public and private role sub-system. Population growth that is accompanied by high urbanization has resulted in increasingly high volume of waste that must be managed every day. It is increasingly difficult for management and waste management are less than optimal. Similarly, the active role and public awareness as well as the financing are still very low. The system approach can assist in solving the complexity of the problem of waste management by looking at the issues comprehensively. Keywords: urban waste management, population growth, public awareness

International Maritime Transport Sector Regulation Systems and their Impact on World Shipping and Global Trade

The main purpose of the paper is to analyze the impact of two existing global regulatory systems of the world maritime transport sector on international shipping industry and global trade development. The author has focused on the characterization of the autonomous regulatory system represented in this sector by freight market with typical for it mechanism as well as on public regulatory system expressed in form of the existing international regulatory scheme introduced by IMO and other international organizations. Both regulatory mechanisms has been analyzed and viewed in terms of efficiency and effectiveness of their influence upon shipping industry and global commodity markets. At the end, the results of functioning of both regulatory subsystems have been assessed with the aim to indicate how they are able to create growth potential for the world maritime transport and trade sector as well as the global economy.

Mechanisms of natural variability during adaptation of human physiological systems to space flight conditions

Physiological data have been analyzed using the principle of invariant relationships to reveal the mechanisms of adaptive variability. The physicochemical, biochemical, and hormonal blood parameter of the cosmonauts who performed short- and long-term space flights have been used. It has been shown that the application of the methods of fractal geometry to the quantitative estimates of homeostasis allows us to identify the processes depending on the adaptive variability increase/decrease and to determine the state of stability or instability of certain physiological regulatory subsystems, whose mobility and reduction of the level of stability maintain a stable internal structure of relationships throughout the body.

Conflicting advocacy coalitions in an evolving modern biotechnology regulatory subsystem: policy learning and influencing Kenya's regulatory policy process

In many countries in Africa, the twin processes of modern biotechnology transfer and development of a regulatory regime have co-evolved. This provides a rich context in which to evaluate the underlying social and institutional factors that confront an evolving regulatory subsystem. This paper uses Kenya's biosafety regulatory system for the management of biotechnology as a case study to analyse such coevolution. Drawing some insights from the Advocacy Coalition Framework, this politically charged subsystem reveals empirically two advocacy coalitions which influenced the regulatory decision process trajectory. This has had significant implications for emerging regulatory instruments where different sources of knowledge informed the process. Thus, any innovation system with governance issues should reconceptualise how the tacit knowledge emanating from the complex relationships built around different advocacy coalitions is managed. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.

The tobacco use management system: analyzing tobacco control from a systems perspective.

We use systems thinking to develop a strategic framework for analyzing the tobacco problem and we suggest solutions. Humans are vulnerable to nicotine addiction, and the most marketable form of nicotine delivery is the most harmful. A tobacco use management system has evolved out of governments' attempts to regulate tobacco marketing and use and to support services that provide information about tobacco's harms and discourage its use. Our analysis identified 5 systemic problems that constrain progress toward the elimination of tobacco-related harm. We argue that this goal would be more readily achieved if the regulatory subsystem had dynamic power to regulate tobacco products and the tobacco industry as well as a responsive process for resourcing tobacco use control activities.

Change of urban ecosystem development—A case study of Beijing, China

Considering its characteristics in terms of structure, function, performance and evolution, the urban ecosystem can be regarded as a vital organism. Based on the concept of urban vital organism, the framework of urban vitality index covering producing power, living status, ecological ascendancy and vital force, is constructed to represent the urban ecosystem development status from the economic subsystem, social subsystem, natural subsystem and ecological regulatory subsystem, respectively. Meanwhile, set pair analysis, an assessment method which can link different objects and describe their relationships, was combined with the urban vitality index to evaluate the relative urban ecosystem development levels. Choosing the situation of Beijing city from 1986 to 2005 as the case, the change of urban ecosystem development levels during the period were analyzed, by using the relative assessment model based on urban vitality index. Based on the results of the urban vitality index and its each factor, the change of urban ecosystem development on the scales of the whole ecosystem and each studied subsystems can be revealed, which implies the focus of urban ecological planning and management in the future.