Regulation Of Use Research Articles

The effectiveness of modern fungicides in the protection of grain crops

Sanitary monitoring of spring wheat agrocenosis in the zone of unstable moisture was carried out to determine the degree of development and prevalence of diseases. The fungicidal activity and effectiveness of seed protectants of various classes against seed infection on spring wheat variety Yasenka have been studied. The results of the research established the effectiveness of the disinfectant DVD Chance, KS, corresponding to 85.7% relative to the effectiveness of the standard Polaris, ME Eco Plus (100 g/l prochloraz + 25 g/l imazalil + 15 g/l tebuconazole) (84.6%). An increase of 15–20% in damage to spring wheat plants by root and basal rot caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium in the “tillering” phase and its dependence on the climatic conditions of the growing season was established.By the “flag leaf” phase, the prevalence of root and basal rot caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium increased to 20,5%, and the degree of development — to 7–9%.Evaluation of the effect of the fungicide DVD Chance, KS (30 g/l difenoconazole + 6.3 g/l cyproconazole) by pre-sowing treatment of spring wheat grain of the Yasenka variety established the effectiveness of the drug at a consumption rate of 1.0 l/t against molding of seeds, corresponding to 85.6% , in the reference variant the indicator is 84.6%, with the development of the disease in the control — 34.5%. By harvest, the effectiveness of the drug remained and reached 79.2%, in the standard — 78.3% with the development of the disease 43.7%. Research contributes to the expansion of the range of fungicides for treating grain crops, the development of regulations for use and the possibility of recommending them for registration tests for further inclusion in the State Catalog of those approved for use.

Communication Networks and the Transnational Spread of Ethnic Conflict

How the interconnectedness of the global system influences the network of ethnic conflict communication is the focus of this work. The study aims at understanding how the analyses of ethnic conflicts gather momentum and spread throughout the world through the review of literature, case studies, and media coverage, social media issues, and deliberate disinformation campaigns. The study employs a qualitative approach, drawing on secondary sources and theoretical frameworks to explore hypotheses that talk about how media coverage is rising in proportion to the ethnic conflict’s transnational diffusion, how social media usage is connected with diaspora mobilisation and conflict extension, and how the purposeful spread of fake news increases the intensity and geographical scope of the conflict. The Rohingya crisis is also one of the best examples of the shifts in communication networks and their impact on the ethnic conflicts by influencing the international community’s perception and response. Communications networks may have the potential to escalate conflict and ‘spread’ wrong information, but they also have the potential to create awareness and tackle conflict. In the light of these observations, the study offers recommendations in the areas of codes of ethical media practices, regulation of use of social media, especially in multi-ethnic societies, to prevent incitement, and techniques of combating disinformation.

Current frequency of contact allergy to isothiazolinones (methyl-, benz- and octylisothiazolinone) across Europe.

The use of methylisothiazolinone (MI) as a preservative in cosmetic products caused an alarming increase in MI contact allergy across Europe in the 2010s. This was followed by regulations of use with a total ban on leave-on (implemented in 2017) and reduced use concentrations in rinse-off cosmetics (2018). To follow-up on the prevalence of contact allergy to MI and the related benzisothiazolinone (BIT) and octylisothiazolinone (OIT) in consecutively patch-tested patients in Europe. A cross-sectional audit following the design of two previous audits on MI contact allergy from 1 May 2022 to 31 October 2022 included all patients patch tested with the European baseline series, including or supplemented with MI, BIT and OIT across 10 departments in eight European countries. A total of 2554 patients were consecutively patch tested with the three isothiazolinones during the study period. The prevalence of MI and BIT contact allergy was 2.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3%-3.7%; range 1.1%-5.8%) and 3.1% (95% CI: 2.4%-3.9%; range 0.0%-6.6%), respectively; that of OIT was 0.7% (95% CI: 0.4%-1.1%; range 0%-3.2%). Rinse-off cosmetic (73.3%) and leave-on cosmetic products (13.3%) were still associated with eliciting allergic contact dermatitis to MI. We confirmed a positive impact of regulatory measures on the prevalence of MI contact allergy in Europe, which halved compared to 2015. However, our data suggest that consumers may still be exposed to older cosmetic products containing MI. BIT has superseded MI in causing contact allergy, despite not being allowed for use in cosmetic products.

Application of Artificial Intelligence and Information and Communication Technologies: Socio-Ethical Problems (Review Article)

This article purpose is to reveal the essence of social and ethical requirements for the use of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence in the life of a modern person, society and the state. General scientific and special scientific methods were used to achieve the goal. Peculiarity of analyzed topic implies mandatory consideration of rules and requirements already formulated by various social institutions and organizations in response to the challenges of digital reality. It is emphasized that existing ethical regulation of use of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence is mostly limited to framework, declarative documents indicating only general approaches and the purpose of the interaction of humanity with artificial intelligence systems, a kind of warning about possible negative consequences of the use of technologies. Despite significant overlaps in the proposed principles, the content of these norms remains almost undisclosed to this day. It was emphasized that use of artificial intelligence requires special legal regulation, as it concerns the life and health of people. Because of potential danger to civilization of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence, it is necessary to strictly license activities related to the production and operation of such systems. For this, at the legislative level, it is necessary to clearly define those responsible for occurrence of out-of-state situations, as well as to answer the question: “Is the transition of artificial intelligence from the status of an object to the status of a subject of legal relations possible and legal?”. All of the above indicates importance and significance of the chosen research goal and requires a socio-ethical understanding of the most pressing problems of applying the capabilities of artificial intelligence.

The Legal Regulation of Use and Protection of Mineral Resources in the Pre-Caspian Regions in the Context of the Green Economy Tasks

Introduction: nowadays, there is a transition from the traditional methods of use and protection of natural resources to technologies driven by Russia’s movement towards sustainable development. One of the means to achieve the goals of sustainable development is the greening of all types of economic activities (the transition to a green economy), including the emergence of new challenges in the field of the use and protection of mineral resources. A legal framework has already been established to ensure the rational use and protection of mineral resources, but a number of gaps in the federal and regional legislation still remain. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features and possible directions of ecologization of the subsurface use within the territory of the three Pre-Caspian regions. Methods: the following methods were used when writing the paper. The analysis method made it possible to identify the main features of the category “protection of mineral resources” and the effectiveness of its protection in the Pre-Caspian regions; the synthesis was used to generalize the typological features of the ecological and legal categories used in the paper; the analogy method made it possible to identify the practical features of the use and protection of mineral resources in three Pre-Caspian regions. The comparative law method made it possible to study the foreign experience of digitalization of management, which can also be used in regulating the subsurface use in Russia. The formal and legal method made it possible to identify the features and specifics of the statutory regulation of the use and protection of mineral resources during the transition of the Russian Federation to a green economy. Results: active mining (including oil and gas) is taking place in the three Pre-Caspian regions, and the regional mineral resources laws have been adopted. In these laws, the main attention is paid to the provision of local mineral resources for use, while the regional features of protection of mineral resources are very poorly represented. Three Pre-Caspian regions are characterized by federal problems in the field of subsurface use, including the absence of specially protected areas with mineral resources, the inability to involve the mineral resources in civil circulation, the insufficient digitalization of management processes in the provision of the mineral resources for use, the problems of economic stimulation of rational use and protection of mineral resources, as well as the compensation for damage caused during the use of the mineral resources. Conclusions: the Astrakhan region, the Republics of Dagestan and Kalmykia, as the regions with access to the Caspian Sea, have similar problems in the field of the use and protection of mineral resources, which require reflection in their regional legislation. When working it out, it is necessary to take into account the international regime of the Caspian Sea waters, the unique environmental and economic conditions for the use and protection of land and mineral resources in the coastal zones.

Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Activities of Religious Associations and Control Over Them

Objective: to identify gaps and formulate proposals on legal regulation of the use of artificial intelligence in the activities of religious associations and control (supervision) over them.Methods: the study is based on sectoral and risk-oriented approaches, formal-logical and comparative general scientific methods, as well as on the method of legal forecasting.Results: the author noted similarity of ethical principles formulated all over the world in the sphere of artificial intelligence development and application, as well as their general shortcomings, namely, the lacking consideration of the specificity in certain spheres of human life (religious sphere), cultural peculiarities, historical development of a country and people. The shortcomings of principles stipulated by the codes of ethics include their recommendatory nature, which creates a basis for abusing them in certain cases. The author proposes that if control and supervisory authorities caused harm while using artificial intelligence, the relevant public authority should be recognized as liable and obliged to compensate for the harm caused.Scientific novelty: the paper summarizes the practice of religious associations using AI, formulates current and prospective directions of the use of artificial intelligence by religious associations, and makes proposals for the AI use in controlling (supervising) religious associations’ activities.Practical significance: the main conclusions and proposals can be used for the improvement of legislation on religious associations’ activities and control (supervision) over them, as well as for developing legal regulation of the AI use in control and supervision activities. The author identified the possibilities for religious associations using AI to popularize religion, inform about their activities, manage property, analyze sacred texts to improve their understanding and interpretation, as well as for conducting scientific research, systematization and accumulation of information, preservation of cultural heritage, and educational activities. The use of artificial intelligence in controlling the religious associations’ activities can reduce the period of religious organizations’ registration and inspections and optimize the work of control bodies, including by monitoring the religious situation.

Features of taxation of rational environmental management as a factor of sustainable growth in Russia

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of fiscal regulation of the rational use of natural resources to achieve the goals of sustainable economic growth and improve the quality of life of the population. According to official statistics, it should be noted that it is difficult to identify individual problems on the impact of direct taxation of the use of natural resources on the effectiveness of environmental management in Russia. Great practical importance in theoretical and applied economics is attached to strengthening the environmental component in taxation. The purpose of the study was to analyze the prospects for the development of the implemented directions of the tax policy of rational environmental management to ensure the environmental safety of Russia. In modern tax systems, a separate aspect highlights the directions of tax regulation of the use of natural resources, providing a fiscally significant effect on budget revenues at all levels and increasing the environmental potential of rational environmental management. Various general scientific methods were used in the research process, including: abstract-logical, comparative analysis, generalization, as well as tabular and graphical methods. When studying the practical experience of tax regulation of effective environmental management, SWOT analysis methods, as well as variable and trend analysis are used. The authors provide a systematic analysis of the practice of ensuring budget revenues of the subjects of the Russian Federation and their compliance with the policy of rational environmental management, as well as determining the causal relationship of the considered features of taxation of the use of natural resources in Russia. The procedure for taxation of environmental management is important for the formation of fiscal sustainability and ensuring high efficiency of tax policy in the field of rational environmental management. The state policy of taxation of environmental management should be based on the principle of preserving the interest of investors in investments in environmental protection measures, providing tax incentives and preferences for the introduction of new waste-free production technologies. The prospects for further development of tax regulation of effective environmental management should be aimed at activating public-private partnerships by stimulating private investment in the creation of new and modernization of existing assets of the "green" economy, as well as optimizing environmental monitoring.

ПРИВЛАСНЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ЦИФРОВОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО ПРОДУКТУ: ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЇ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОГО ДОСВІДУ

The article was sanctified to research of European experience of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product. A variant of integration method was used for achieving of aim of the research. On the achievements of European experience of realization of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product was accented. The prospects of implementation of partial conditions of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product in France to realities of national economics of Ukraine were circumscribe. The analysis of international level of interaction of actors of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product in the spectrum of its elements, attributes and conditions was conducted. To research of specific of exteriorization of appropriation of informativelydigital intellectual product in France was spared the special attention. On the exert of appropriation mainly not own the created legitimate of informatively-digital of intellectual product in the conditions of intensifying of action of tendency of associating of small private ownership and its transforming at the largest into the economy of France was accented. The functional of appropriation not own the created legitimate informatively-digital intellectual product in the socio-economic clusters of its actors was detected. This functional in the system of equalizations was formalized. The means of diminishing of barriers of reproduction of appropriation of not own the created legitimate informatively-digital intellectual product in the socio-economic clusters of its actors were severed in next parts: government financial stimulus of development of knowledge in part of improvement of competence, skills and creation of "breach" of technologies (in the cluster of creators); patenting and licensing how the facts of "exhausting of rights" with domination of large appropriator above relatively of small (in the cluster of producers); government budgetary programs of stimulation of investment-innovative activity of private sector (in the cluster of mediatorsentrepreneurs). At the maximization of actualized of the belonging of intellectual product and minimization of latent of the belonging of intellectual product was proposed the formalizing of functional of appropriation not own the created legitimate intellectual product in foreshortening of European experience. Practical importance of the paper was represented in an availability for government regulation of use of European experience of development of local types of industrial activity in Ukraine, and also them scientific accompaniment.

ПРИВЛАСНЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ЦИФРОВОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО ПРОДУКТУ: МІЖНАРОДНИЙ ДОСВІД ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ

The article was sanctified to research of international experience of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product. On the achievements of foreign experience of realization of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product was accented. The prospects of implementation of partial conditions of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product from the European countries to realities of national economics of Ukraine were circumscribe. Analysis of evolution of product's of attribute of appropriation of intellectual product and specific of its deployment in the conditions of the Ancient World and in the epoch of European middle Ages was conducted. Significant differences in the evolution of such attribute of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product in the European countries in New and Newest times were shown. To research of specific of exteriorization of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product in Germany was spared the special attention. Were found out the stages of fixing and legitimating of intellectual product, namely: symbol (to V of century), privileged (from V to ХVІІІ of century), legal (from ХVІІІ to ХІХ of century), sign-symbol (from the end ХІХ of century). On the exert of appropriation mainly not own the created legitimate informatively-digital intellectual product in the conditions of strengthening of tendency of transformation of large ownership in the largest at the Germany was accented. The functional of appropriation not own the created legitimate informatively-digital intellectual product was detected and formalized in the system of equalizations. The stimulus of the extended reproduction of actors of appropriation not own the created legitimate informatively-digital intellectual product were severed in next parts: the state-private partnership for subsidies to tuitions of skilled specialists, research-and-developments (in the cluster of creators); protecting of national inventions from the "unwanted copy" (in the cluster of producers); government stimulation by the subsidies of research-and-developments, and also structuring of relations between a bank and industry (in the cluster of mediators-entrepreneurs). Further researches must be directed on the search of prospects of implementation of partial conditions of appropriation of informatively-digital intellectual product from the European countries to realities of national economics of Ukraine. Practical importance of the paper was represented in an availability for government regulation of use of international experience of development of local types of industrial activity in Ukraine, and also them scientific accompaniment.

Regulation of Cigarette Use According to International Law and Indonesian National Law

Health is a human right that must be protected by the state. The right to live healthy is a basic right that must be guaranteed because health is part of the primary needs of every human being. Smoking is very dangerous for health. The use of cigarettes has an impact on the health of other people around the smoker. This action violates a person's right to a healthy environment as guaranteed by the constitution. This research uses normative juridical research methods. The results found in this study are: (1) Regulation of the use of cigarettes according to international law is contained in the FCTC. (2) The Indonesian government has established a Draft Law on Tobacco and Government Regulations as a response to regulation of the use of cigarettes internationally (3) Regulations in Indonesia regarding tobacco control are currently in the form of Government Regulations, including Government Regulation No. 19 of 2003 concerning Tobacco Control.

Animal ethics in biology teaching and research in selected Asian countries

Governance and regulation of the use of live animals in research and teaching is examined in Australia, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, China, Japan and India. A comparison of the systems in different countries will enable the determination of best practice and fit-for-purpose regulation. The most comprehensive government regulation of animal welfare in institutions covers a broad range of animals and institutions are required to have an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, whose membership is specified in guidelines or regulations. The work of the Committees is rigorously overseen by government and facilities that use live animals are audited externally. All countries examined have legislation governing the use of live animals in research, although only Australia and Malaysia have a fully equivalent mandated oversight of teaching. Teaching that uses live animals is partly covered in the Philippines, Japan, Singapore and Thailand This paper thus aims to review the regulation of animal use in different Asian jurisdictions in order to determine best practices that are appropriate to those settings. The most comprehensive oversight is provided in Australia and Malaysia that essentially use the same regulatory framework.

Prescription Opioid Pain Medication Use among Patients Attending a US Dental College Clinic: Prevalence and Implications

Purpose: Due to the increased opioids abuse in US during the past several decades, efforts have been made to counter this trend through regulation of use of prescription opioid pain medications. This study assesses the use of these medications by adult dental patients attending a US dental college clinic during February 2017 to October 2021. Methods: A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was used to gather data from patients on demographics and patterns of utilization of medications. Results: Among the patients included in the study, the majority were 51 to 70 years of ages, females, Caucasians, and with minimum high school education. Nine prescription opioid medications were used, and of these, hydrocodone and oxycodone were more common. Most patients used single medications, of which the majority were utilized for a few days up to 4 weeks. Nearly all medications were prescribed by 10 different health profession specialists, and the majority comprised emergency medicine physicians, primary health care practitioners and dentists. Most patients used their medications as intended, without sharing with others, and also expressed their satisfactions with the medications they used. Conclusions: The study suggests that the recently reported opioid epidemic in US is less related to use of prescription medication, but to other external factors, including the non-medical use of potent synthetic compounds, such as fentanyl, as widely reported in the literature. Such a recognition, while warranting further studies on the topic, provides additional justifications for enhanced focus on this aspect of opioid abuse.

The effectiveness of the use of analogue preparations with the active substance rimsulfuron on potatoes in the conditions of the Tyumen region

Relevance. The study of the effectiveness of protection methods, herbicides with different content and composition of active substances, their influence on the crop, weed component, yield and related factors is important for clarifying the regulations for use, production decisions in the manufacture of preparations and their use.Methods. The study of the effect of various analogues of herbicides with the active ingredient rimsulfuron on weed suppression and crop development was carried out on the experimental field of the Research Institute of Agriculture of the Northern Trans-Urals, the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region under the conditions of 2021. The object of research was 4 preparations of herbicidal action from different manufacturers with the main active ingredient rimsulfuron 250 g/kg for use on potato crops to suppress weeds of perennial and annual cereal type and annual dicotyledonous type.Results. The initial study of the clogging of experimental plots before treatment with the studied herbicides showed the presence of an average number of processing showed the presence of a total number of weeds according to the variants of the experiment 60–70 pcs/m2 with a quantitative advantage of 4 types of weeds еchinochloa crus-galli, Elymus repens, Thlaspi arvense, Chenopódium álbum. On the variants of herbicide application, the mass of weeds was 8–20 times less and amounted to 20–55 g/m2. As a result of the use of the studied herbicides against weeds, a stable and high efficiency of 86–97% during the entire growing season on options Herbicide 3, 4.

Busines legal regulation of the contractual use of intellectual property objects

The article examines the peculiarities of legal regulation of contractual relations on the use of intellectual property objects in the field of business. It has been proven that the importance of the civil law regulation of these relations in the norms of the Economic Code of Ukraine is slightly underestimated. The legal regulation of relations on the contractual use of intellectual property objects by economic norms and norms of civil legislation complex. The issue of concluding a contract is ensured by the norms of economic legislation, and the legal status of the creator (or other person who owns property rights to intellectual property) and the legal regime of the object of intellectual property is regulated by the norms of civil legislation.
 Differences in the provisions of economic legislation and the norms of special laws regarding the form of contracts on the transfer of rights to use an intellectual property object were revealed. In special legislation, the written form is defined as a condition for the validity of the contract; the consequences of violation of this condition are defined in the norms of the Civil Code of Ukraine - non-compliance with the written form leads to the invalidity of these contracts.
 A number of factors affecting the content of business contracts on granting the right to use intellectual property objects have been determined. These factors are enshrined in the norms of economic and civil legislation, in particular in special laws that determine the legal regime of individual objects of intellectual property. The value of exemplary and standard contracts for the legal regulation of the use of intellectual property objects on the basis of the contract has been revealed.
 Based on the analysis of the requirements of economic and civil legislation, a list of essential conditions of the economic agreement on the transfer of intellectual property objects for use has been determined. It has been proven that the essential conditions of such an agreement are the conditions on the subject, on the terms, on the methods of using the object of intellectual property, on the territory to which the right to use the object of intellectual property is extended, as well as any conditions in respect of which the requirements at least. one of the parties to the contract must reach an agreement.

New Combined Preparations to Protect Potatoes from the Colorado Potato Beetle

The results of the evaluation of the biological efficacy of the combined insecticide Eforium, CS (thiamethoxam 141 g/l + lambda-cyhalothrin 106 g/l) and the insectofungicide Vibrans Top, CS (thiamethoxam 262.5 g/l + fludioxanil 25 g/l + sedaxan 25 g/l) and ecotoxicological indicators of these drugs are presented. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that it is advisable to use these drugs in potato protection systems against the Colorado potato beetle in accordance with the established regulations for use, provided that these drugs are available in the State Catalog of Pesticides and Agrochemicals approved for use on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Receipt of rental payment for the use of natural budgets in the local budget in the context of modernizing the economic mechanism of natural use

It is substantiated that the necessary institutional prerequisite for increasing the effectiveness of extended reproduction and economic development of natural resource potential is the modernization of the economic mechanism of nature use both at the national, regional and local levels, in particular in the part of the transformation of the system of fiscal regulation of the use of subsoil for the extraction of minerals. Studies have shown that the deepening of budget-fiscal decentralization requires more effective use of endogenous factors of socio-economic development of territorial communities, in the spectrum of which the increase in the effectiveness of fiscal regulation of subsoil use through the improvement of the methodology of extraction and distribution of rent for the use of subsoil is of particular importance. It was established that in the years 2007-2021, several phases of growth and decline are observed in the dynamics of rent payments for the use of subsoil to the local budgets of Ukraine, which correlates with the dynamics of socio-economic uplift, the impact of the global financial crisis on the national economy, changes in the percentages of deduction of mineral and raw materials rents to public financial funds of the respective territories. It has been proven that in the conditions of budgetary and fiscal decentralization, favorable conditions have been formed for increasing the share of rent deductions for subsoil use to local budgets, which will make it possible to form special financial funds for the reproduction of mineral and raw material potential and increase the interest of local self-government in its complex use. It is substantiated that the revision of the principles of subsoil use rents should be preceded by the modernization of the economic mechanism of nature use in terms of the diversification of payments for the extraction of minerals, and this will make it possible to ensure the equivalence of the extraction of mineral and raw material rents and its adequate distribution between public budgets of different taxonomic levels .

СПЕЦИФИКА ПРАВОВОГО РЕЖИМА ПРИБРЕЖНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ: ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ И ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТЫ

The legal regime of coastal territories adjacent to water bodies is considered. Legislative regulation of the use and protection of land and land plots on coastal territories is analyzed, actual problems of establishment and realization of their legal regime are revealed. The tendencies of changes in environmental, land, water, legislation establishing requirements for the use of coastal territories are highlighted. On the basis of studying the current legislation and materials of prosecutor’s practice the conclusions about necessity of improvement of legal regulation of use and protection of coastal territories are made.

Scientific base of reusing of the cultural heritage asset

Currently, the process of growth and development of cities continues, including through the integrated development of already built-up areas, in connection with which there is a problem of intensification of the use of their territory. Objects of cultural heritage, as objects of everyday life of people of past historical epochs, occupy the most valuable territories in terms of urban planning. At the same time, a large number of cultural heritage sites are not included in the life of the city, because they are in an accident condition and have strict regulations for use and transformation. The article provides an example of an algorithm for working with an object of cultural heritage in order to adapt it for use as a social object in the conditions of complex development of the territory (renovation). The type of social object is determined taking into account the priority in the renovation conditions in two stages. At the first stage, taking into account the enlarged criteria, at the second - taking into account the regulatory technical requirements and technical characteristics of the object itself. As a result of the research work, the optimal type of use of the cultural heritage object (further– OCH) ” Estate Lapino - Spasskoye ”, XIX- beginning of.XX century.” in the city of Korolev, Moscow region in the conditions of complex development of the territory. Keywords: cultural heritage sites, renovation, social facilities, integrated development of the territory, historical and cultural potential.

Drug Act 1978 of Nepal: A Critical Analysis

Background: With the enactment of the Drug Act in 1978, through the establishment of different bodies under the act, drug-related activities have been regulated and controlled in Nepal so as to provide safe and efficacious drugs of standard quality to the general public. However, with the overgrowing use of drugs, cosmetics, biotechnological products, nutraceuticals, and veterinary products in the present market and the present act failing to include these aspects, this paper tries to critically analyze the Drug Act 1978 of Nepal which will comprise strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats faced in current scenario regarding the act. The regulation of drugs in Nepal was started with the enactment of the Drugs Act in 1978 AD, which is being carried out by the Department of Drug Administration as provisioned in the section 5 of the act. To facilitate the proper implementation of the act, various rules, regulations and guidelines are framed. The objective of this study was to explore the areas to improve in the Drugs Act and help foster the use of safe, efficacious and quality drugs. Method: The Drugs Act 1978 was critically analyzed focusing on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the act as of current scenario. Result: After critically analyzing the drugs act 1978 we found out that there is lack in regulations of use of cosmetics, newer biotechnology products, nutraceuticals, veterinary product, innovative pharmaceutical products as well as the online pharmacy services. Conclusion: A major amendment and periodic revision is required with the consequence of meeting timely needs and promoting the idea of safety and efficacy in drug related activities.

Ozone therapy in brazil: achievements and challenges for the future.

The practice of Ozone Therapy in Brazil began in 1975, with Doctor Heinz Konrad. In the 90’s, other professionals started to practice it in a precursory and unregulated way, with imported equipment. The work of physician Edison de Cezar Philippi stands out, who was a great disseminator and together with other physicians such as Dr. Glacus Brito, Dr. Maria Emília Serra, Dr. Ana Cristina Barreira, among others, founded the first association of Ozone Therapy in Brazil, which in 2006 became Brazilian Association of Ozone Therapy (ABOZ), with Dr. Maria Emília Gadelha Serra as its first president. In the state and regulatory scope, Ozone Therapy was an unknown technique. Numerous scientific articles were presented to the Ministry of Health, the Federal Council of
 Medicine, and ANVISA (equipment regulatory agency in Brazil). The first regulatory framework for Ozone Therapy in Brazil took place in 2015, with the publication of Resolution CFO 166/2015, which regulated Ozone Therapy in Dentistry.
 In 2018, Ozone Therapy was included as an integrative practice by the Ministry of Health of Brazil, with the publication of ORDINANCE N° 702 (21/03/2018) which included new practices in the National Policy on Integrative and Complementary Practices (PNPIC), of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). From this milestone, the Professional Class Councils began to understand and regulate Ozone Therapy within the scope of each profession.
 Currently, dentistry, physiotherapy, pharmacy, nursing, veterinary medicine, and biomedicine councils have an official understanding of Ozone Therapy, each within its scope of action and with a specific definition of training. These resolutions collaborate to improve the scenario of Ozone Therapy in the country, bringing more possibilities for treatment, and health care for the entire population.
 Although there are numerous qualified studies for the practice to be regulated for medicine, the Federal Council of Medicine is still waiting for more scientific evidence, so it only authorizes activities in the experimental scope (registered clinical research).
 In the meantime, faced with the difficulties of understanding from the Federal Council of Medicine, the national congress approved a bill proposing that ozone therapy be authorized throughout the national territory. This bill is currently under review by the Senate and the next step is presidential sanction.
 Even with all the regulatory achievements in these 15 years of work, we still have many challenges to overcome. The main one is the regulation for use by doctors, so Ozone Therapy becomes an official technique. In addition, for Ozone Therapy to be carried out more ethically and scientifically, it is necessary to understand the scenario and some challenges:
 • How to establish boundaries between professional categories, since ozone has many application routes - not all professionals are prepared to perform more invasive routes.
 • The established model based on the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
 • Banalization of the technique by unqualified professionals, leading to a false understanding and discrediting of the technique.
 • Difficulty in regulating equipment and minimum quality standards, while on the internet equipment from China enters without qualification.
 • Standardization and minimum criteria for the manufacture of Ozonized Oils, based on studies and not on empiricism.